The 1896 Gloucester smallpox epidemic affected more than 2,000 people in Gloucester between 5 January and 27 July 1896. A large number of the town's population were not vaccinated.[3]
In Britain, smallpox vaccination became compulsory in the 1850s.[4] In Gloucester, a smallpox outbreak occurred in the mid-1870s.[5][6] However, the 1890s also saw anti-vaccination beliefs.[7][8]
CasesEdit
President of the Local Government Board Thomas Russell stated in 1896 that, between 4 January and 25 July 1896, the number of cases of smallpox in Gloucester totalled 2,008.[2] A large number of the town's population were not vaccinated.[9]
Ethel CromwellEdit
Ethel Cromwell was around 14 years old when her photograph was taken in a hospital in Gloucester, following admission with smallpox. She was not vaccinated, but recovered.[4]
^"Gloucester smallpox epidemic, 1896: Henry Wicklin, aged 6 years, as a smallpox patient. Photograph by H.C.F., 1896". Wellcome Collection. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
^ ab"Smallpox Epidemic (Gloucester) (Hansard, 13 August 1896)". api.parliament.uk. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
^Lillywhite, Maisie (28 February 2021). "Epidemic that gripped Victorian Gloucester 125 years before Covid". GloucestershireLive. Retrieved 10 May 2022.
^ abcd"The child whose town rejected vaccines". Wellcome Collection. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
^Rolleston, J. D. (December 1933). "The Smallpox Pandemic of 1870-1874". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 27 (2): 177–192. doi:10.1177/003591573302700245. ISSN 0035-9157. PMC2204618. PMID 19989604.
^Richardson, Harriet. "Architecture of Isolation". Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain. Retrieved 10 May 2022.
^ abKotar, S. L.; Gessler, J. E. (2013). Smallpox: A History. McFarland. p. 259. ISBN978-0-7864-9327-2.
^Durbach, Nadja (2005). Bodily Matters: The Anti-Vaccination Movement in England, 1853–1907. Duke University Press. p. 177. ISBN0-8223-3423-2.
^"The Gloucester Small-pox Epidemic". British Medical Journal. 1 (1941): 703–704. 12 March 1898. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.1941.703. ISSN 0007-1447. PMC2410935. PMID 20757701.
^ ab"Gloucester: Hospitals". British History Online. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
^Williams, Dick. "April 2020: Rugby is disrupted at Kingsholm". Gloucester Rugby Heritage. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
Further readingEdit
The smallpox epidemic in Gloucester in 1895-6, and the water cure. Pickering, J. (1896)
Gloucester epidemic of small-pox, 1895-6 : report of the committee appointed by the Board of Guardians to organise and carry out the general vaccination of the city and district. Gloucester (England) Royal College of Surgeons of England (1896)
What the press has said about the Gloucester epidemic and the report of the Royal Commission on Vaccination Royal College of Surgeons of England (1896)
Does vaccination prevent smallpox? Does vaccination prevent smallpox? : a lesson taught from the Gloucester epidemic. Drysdale, Charles R., London Vegetarian Society (1896)
Smallpox at Gloucester: A Reply to Dr. Coupland's Report, 1902. Reprinted from "The Reformer," National Anti-Vaccination League: Gloucester.
External linksEdit
Media related to 1896 Gloucester smallpox epidemic at Wikimedia Commons
October 20, 2023
1896, gloucester, smallpox, epidemic, affected, more, than, people, gloucester, between, january, july, 1896, large, number, town, population, were, vaccinated, henry, wicklin, afflicted, with, smallpox, diseasesmallpoxlocationgloucester, ukconfirmed, casesove. The 1896 Gloucester smallpox epidemic affected more than 2 000 people in Gloucester between 5 January and 27 July 1896 A large number of the town s population were not vaccinated 3 1896 Gloucester smallpox epidemicHenry Wicklin age 6 afflicted with smallpox 1 DiseaseSmallpoxLocationGloucester UKConfirmed casesOver 2 000 2 Gloucester smallpox epidemic 1896 Wellcome V0031469On 13 August 1896 the Royal Commission on Vaccination s report on the epidemic was published by the Royal College of Surgeons of England Contents 1 Background 2 Cases 2 1 Ethel Cromwell 3 Response 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksBackground EditIn Britain smallpox vaccination became compulsory in the 1850s 4 In Gloucester a smallpox outbreak occurred in the mid 1870s 5 6 However the 1890s also saw anti vaccination beliefs 7 8 Cases EditPresident of the Local Government Board Thomas Russell stated in 1896 that between 4 January and 25 July 1896 the number of cases of smallpox in Gloucester totalled 2 008 2 A large number of the town s population were not vaccinated 9 Ethel Cromwell Edit Ethel Cromwell was around 14 years old when her photograph was taken in a hospital in Gloucester following admission with smallpox She was not vaccinated but recovered 4 nbsp Ethel Cromwell with smallpox 4 nbsp Ethel Cromwell convalescing 4 nbsp Ephraim Beard with smallpox Died on 13 April 1896Response EditAn isolation hospital the Stroud Road hospital was built in response 10 One reaction was that it led to prejudice against Gloucesterians 11 On 13 August 1896 the Royal College of Surgeons of England published a report by the Royal Commission on Vaccination whose members included Lord Herschell and Sir James Paget 7 A subsequent outbreak of smallpox occurred in 1923 10 See also EditWalter HadwenReferences Edit Gloucester smallpox epidemic 1896 Henry Wicklin aged 6 years as a smallpox patient Photograph by H C F 1896 Wellcome Collection Retrieved 4 May 2020 a b Smallpox Epidemic Gloucester Hansard 13 August 1896 api parliament uk Retrieved 6 May 2020 Lillywhite Maisie 28 February 2021 Epidemic that gripped Victorian Gloucester 125 years before Covid GloucestershireLive Retrieved 10 May 2022 a b c d The child whose town rejected vaccines Wellcome Collection Retrieved 3 May 2020 Rolleston J D December 1933 The Smallpox Pandemic of 1870 1874 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 27 2 177 192 doi 10 1177 003591573302700245 ISSN 0035 9157 PMC 2204618 PMID 19989604 Richardson Harriet Architecture of Isolation Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain Retrieved 10 May 2022 a b Kotar S L Gessler J E 2013 Smallpox A History McFarland p 259 ISBN 978 0 7864 9327 2 Durbach Nadja 2005 Bodily Matters The Anti Vaccination Movement in England 1853 1907 Duke University Press p 177 ISBN 0 8223 3423 2 The Gloucester Small pox Epidemic British Medical Journal 1 1941 703 704 12 March 1898 doi 10 1136 bmj 1 1941 703 ISSN 0007 1447 PMC 2410935 PMID 20757701 a b Gloucester Hospitals British History Online Retrieved 8 May 2020 Williams Dick April 2020 Rugby is disrupted at Kingsholm Gloucester Rugby Heritage Retrieved 3 May 2020 Further reading EditThe smallpox epidemic in Gloucester in 1895 6 and the water cure Pickering J 1896 Gloucester epidemic of small pox 1895 6 report of the committee appointed by the Board of Guardians to organise and carry out the general vaccination of the city and district Gloucester England Royal College of Surgeons of England 1896 What the press has said about the Gloucester epidemic and the report of the Royal Commission on Vaccination Royal College of Surgeons of England 1896 Does vaccination prevent smallpox Does vaccination prevent smallpox a lesson taught from the Gloucester epidemic Drysdale Charles R London Vegetarian Society 1896 Smallpox at Gloucester A Reply to Dr Coupland s Report 1902 Reprinted from The Reformer National Anti Vaccination League Gloucester External links Edit nbsp Media related to 1896 Gloucester smallpox epidemic at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1896 Gloucester smallpox epidemic amp oldid 1177458599, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
