1894 United States gubernatorial elections

United States gubernatorial elections were held in 1894, in 28 states, concurrent with the House and Senate elections, on November 6, 1894 (except in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Maine, Oregon, Rhode Island and Vermont, which held early elections).

1894 United States gubernatorial elections

← 1893 November 6, 1894^[a] 1895 →
28 governorships
Majority party Minority party   Party Republican Democratic Seats before 16 25 Seats after 23 19 Seat change 7 6 Seats up 12 13 Seats won 19 7   Third party Fourth party   Party Populist Silver Seats before 3 0 Seats after 1 1 Seat change 2 1 Seats up 3 0 Seats won 1 1
Democratic gain      Democratic hold      Republican gain      Republican hold      Populist gain      Silver gain

In New York, the governor was elected to a two-year term for the first time, instead of a three-year term.

Results

State	Incumbent	Party	Status	Opposing candidates
Alabama (held, 6 August 1894)	Thomas G. Jones	Democratic	Retired, Democratic victory	William C. Oates (Democratic) 57.10% Reuben F. Kolb (Populist) 42.90% ^[1]
Arkansas (held, 3 September 1894)	William Meade Fishback	Democratic	Retired, Democratic victory	James Paul Clarke (Democratic) 58.91% Harmon L. Remmel (Republican) 20.54% David E. Barker (Populist) 19.33% J. W. Miller (Prohibition) 1.22% ^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]
California	Henry Markham	Republican	Retired, Democratic victory	James Budd (Democratic) 39.34% Morris M. Estee (Republican) 38.92% J. V. Webster (Populist) 18.03% Henry French (Prohibition) 3.71% ^[7]
Colorado	Davis Hanson Waite	Populist	Defeated, 41.38%	Albert McIntire (Republican) 51.66% Charles S. Thomas (Democratic) 4.61% George Richardson (Prohibition) 2.35% ^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]
Connecticut	Luzon B. Morris	Democratic	Retired, Republican victory	Owen Vincent Coffin (Republican) 54.18% Ernest Cady (Democratic) 42.77% DeWitt C. Pond (Prohibition) 1.49% Edwin C. Bingham (Populist) 1.00% James F. Tuckey (Socialist Labor) 0.55% Scattering 0.01% ^[12]
Delaware	Robert J. Reynolds	Democratic	Term-limited, Democratic victory	Joshua H. Marvil (Republican) 50.81% Ebe W. Tunnell (Democratic) 47.69% Thomas J. Perry (Prohibition) 1.51% ^[13]
Georgia (held, 3 October 1894)	William J. Northen	Democratic	Term-limited, Democratic victory	William Yates Atkinson (Democratic) 55.54% James K. Hines (Populist) 44.46% ^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]
Idaho	William J. McConnell	Republican	Re-elected, 41.51%	James W. Ballantine (Populist) 28.96% Edward A. Stevenson (Democratic) 28.70% Henry C. McFarland (Prohibition) 0.83% ^[19]
Kansas	Lorenzo D. Lewelling	Populist^[b]	Defeated, 39.54%	Edmund Needham Morrill (Republican) 49.69% David Overmyer (Democratic) 8.93% I. O. Pickering (Prohibition) 1.84% ^[20]^[21]
Maine (held, 10 September 1894)	Henry B. Cleaves	Republican	Re-elected, 64.32%	Charles Fletcher Johnson (Democratic) 28.21% Luther C. Bateman (Populist) 4.94% Ira G. Hersey (Prohibition) 2.52% ^[22]^[23]
Massachusetts	Frederic T. Greenhalge	Republican	Re-elected, 56.45%	John E. Russell (Democratic) 36.95% Alfred W. Richardson (Prohibition) 2.97% George H. Cary (Populist) 2.69% David G. Taylor (Socialist Labor) 0.93% ^[24]
Michigan	John Treadway Rich	Republican	Re-elected, 56.89%	Spencer O. Fisher (Democratic) 31.37% Alva M. Nichols (Populist) 7.20% Albert M. Todd (Prohibition) 4.51% Scattering 0.04% ^[25]^[26]^[27]^[28]
Minnesota	Knute Nelson	Republican	Re-elected, 49.94%	Sidney M. Owen (Populist) 29.67% George Loomis Becker (Democratic) 18.09% Hans S. Hilleboe (Prohibition) 2.31% ^[29]^[30]
Nebraska	Lorenzo Crounse	Republican	Retired, Populist victory	Silas A. Holcomb (Populist)^[c] 47.98% Thomas Jefferson Majors (Republican) 46.41% P. Sturdevant (Straight-Out Democrat) 3.43% E. A. Gerrard (Prohibition) 2.18% ^[31]^[32]
Nevada	Roswell K. Colcord	Republican	[data missing]	John Edward Jones (Silver) 49.87% Abner Coburn Cleveland (Republican) 36.87% George Peckham (Populist) 6.79% Theodore Winters (Democratic) 6.47% ^[33]
New Hampshire	John Butler Smith	Republican	Retired, Republican victory	Charles A. Busiel (Republican) 55.98% Henry O. Kent (Democratic) 40.89% Daniel C. Knowles (Prohibition) 2.11% George D. Epps (Populist) 1.00% Scattering 0.03% ^[34]^[35]
New York	Roswell P. Flower	Democratic	Retired, Republican victory	Levi P. Morton (Republican) 52.82% David B. Hill (Democratic) 40.58% Everett P. Wheeler (Reform Democrat) 2.13% Francis E. Baldwin (Prohibition) 1.84% Charles H. Matchett (Socialist Labor) 1.24% Charles B. Matthews (Populist) 0.87% Scattering 0.51% ^[36]^[37]
North Dakota	Eli C. D. Shortridge	Populist^[d]	Retired, Republican victory	Roger Allin (Republican) 57.49% Elmer D. Wallace (Populist) 22.67% F. M. Kinter (Democratic) 19.84%^[e]^[38]^[39]^[40]
Oregon (held, 4 June 1894)	Sylvester Pennoyer	Democratic	Term limited, Republican victory	William Paine Lord (Republican) 47.23% Nathan Pierce (Populist) 29.99% William Galloway (Democratic) 20.51% James Kennedy (Prohibition) 2.26% ^[41]^[42]
Pennsylvania	Robert E. Pattison	Democratic	Term limited, Republican victory	Daniel H. Hastings (Republican) 60.32% William M. Singerly (Democratic) 34.98% Charles L. Hawley (Prohibition) 2.46% Jerome T. Ailman (Populist) 2.04% Thomas H. Grundy (Socialist Labor) 0.18% Scattering 0.01% ^[43]
Rhode Island (held, 4 April 1894)	D. Russell Brown	Republican	Re-elected, 53.15%	David S. Baker (Democratic) 41.28% Henry B. Metcalf (Prohibition) 4.08% Charles G. Baylor (Socialist Labor) 1.08% Henry A. Burlingame (Populist) 0.41% ^[44]
South Carolina	Benjamin Tillman	Democratic	Retired to run for U.S. Senate, Democratic victory	John Gary Evans (Democratic) 69.57% Sampson Pope (Populist) 30.43% ^[45]
South Dakota	Charles H. Sheldon	Republican	Re-elected, 52.64%	Isaac Howe (Populist) 34.63% James A. Ward (Democratic) 11.41% M. H. Alexander (Prohibition) 1.32% ^[46]^[47]^[48]
Tennessee	Peter Turney	Democratic	Re-elected after disputed election	(Original result) Henry Clay Evans (Republican) 45.20% Peter Turney (Democratic) 44.87% A. L. Mims (Populist) 9.93% ^[49]^[50]^[51]^[52]^[53]^[54]^[55]^[56] (Result declared by General Assembly) Peter Turney (Democratic) 45.06% Henry Clay Evans (Republican) 43.94% A. L. Mims (Populist) 11.00% ^[50]^[51]^[52]^[53]^[57]^[58]^[59]
Texas	Jim Hogg	Democratic	Retired, Democratic victory	Charles A. Culberson (Democratic) 49.01% Thomas L. Nugent (Populist) 36.13% W. K. Makemason (Republican) 12.90% J. B. Schmitz (Lily-White Republican) 1.19% J. M. Dunn (Prohibition) 0.52% Scattering 0.25% ^[60]^[61]
Vermont (held, 4 September 1894)	Levi K. Fuller	Republican	Retired, Republican victory	Urban A. Woodbury (Republican) 73.54% George W. Smith (Democratic) 24.38% Thomas S. McGinnis (Populist) 1.28% Rodney Whittemore (Prohibition) 0.79% Scattering 0.02% ^[62]^[63]
Wisconsin	George Wilbur Peck	Democratic	Defeated, 37.89%	William H. Upham (Republican) 52.24% D. Frank Powell (Populist) 6.82% John F. Cleghorn (Prohibition) 2.99% Scattering 0.05% ^[64]^[65]
Wyoming	John Eugene Osborne^[f]	Democratic	[data missing]	William A. Richards (Republican) 52.61% William H. Holliday (Democratic) 36.11% Lewis C. Tidball (Populist) 11.28% ^[66]

See also

• 1894 United States elections

References

1. "AL Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
2. "AR Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
3. "Arkansas Campaign". The Salt Lake herald. Salt Lake City, Utah. 7 September 1896. p. 1. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
4. "Arkansas Official Vote". The Indianapolis Journal. Indianapolis. 18 September 1896. p. 1. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
5. Branam, Chris M. (Autumn 2010). "Another Look at Disfranchisement in Arkansas, 1888—1894". The Arkansas Historical Quarterly. 69 (3): 245–262. JSTOR 23046114. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
6. Russell, Marvin F. (Autumn 1977). "The Rise of a Republican Leader: Harmon L. Remmel". The Arkansas Historical Quarterly. 36 (3): 234–257. doi:10.2307/40018534. JSTOR 40018534. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
7. "CA Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
8. "CO Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
9. Goldstein, Marcia Tremmel (2011). "Assembling a More Perfect Machine". Denver Inside and Out. Denver, CO: Colorado Historical Society. p. 54. ISBN 978-0942576559.
10. Ferril, Will C., ed. (1911). Sketches of Colorado in four volumes. Being an Analytical Summary and Biographical History of the State of Colorado. Vol. I. The Western Press Bureau Company: Denver, Colorado. p. 47.
11. Ingram, Tolbert R., ed. (1929). Year Book of the State of Colorado 1928-1929. Denver, CO: The Bradford-Robinson Ptg. Co. p. 231.
12. "CT Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
13. "DE Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
14. "GA Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
15. "The Legislature". The Vienna progress. Vienna, GA. 30 October 1894. p. 4. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
16. "In the Legislature". The Macon telegraph. Macon, GA. 26 October 1894. p. 1. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
17. "Items of Interest". Dalton North Georgia Citizen. Dalton, GA. 1 November 1894. p. 1. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
18. Garrett, Franklin M. (1969). Atlanta and Environs: A Chronicle of Its People and Events, 1880s-1930s. Vol. 2. Athens: University of Georgia Press. p. 294. ISBN 0-8203-0264-3.
19. "ID Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
20. "KS Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
21. "The Kansas City Gazette prints the following". The Topeka state journal. Topeka, Kansas. 30 March 1895. p. 4. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
22. "ME Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
23. Compiled by Grenville M. Donham (1900). Maine Register, State Year-Book and Legislative Manual. Vol. 31. Portland, Maine. p. 123.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
24. "MA Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
25. "MI Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
26. "The Official Canvas". Newberry News. Newberry, Michigan. 4 January 1895. p. 4. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
27. Carl, Christopher J., ed. (2012). "Summary of Vote for Governor, 1835-2010". Michigan Manual 2011-2012 (PDF). Lansing, MI: The Legislative Service Bureau. p. 579. ISBN 978-1-878210-06-7.
28. "The final count". Livingston County Daily Press and Argus. Howell, Michigan. 27 December 1894. p. 4. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
29. "MN Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
30. "Minnesota Elections". Minnesota Legislative Manual. Compiled for the Legislature of 2017-2018 (PDF). Saint Paul, Minnesota: Office of the Minnesota Secretary of State. 2017. p. 497.
31. "NE Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
32. "Holcomb's plurality". Barton County democrat. Great Bend, Kansas. 29 November 1894. p. 3. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
33. "NV Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
34. "NH Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
35. "Journals of the Honorable Senate and House of Representatives of the State of New Hampshire, January Session, 1895". Journals of the Honorable Senate and House of Representatives of the State of New Hampshire at Their Session, Holden at the Capitol in Concord Commencing. Concord: Edward N. Pearson, Public Printer: 408. 1895.
36. "NY Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
37. "The Vote of New York". Indiana State Sentinel. Indianapolis. 19 December 1894. p. 2. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
38. "ND Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
39. "Republican Majorities Average from 5,000 to 6,000". The Dickinson Press. Dickinson, North Dakota. 15 December 1894. p. 3. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
40. "Complete Returns From All Counties Received at the Office of the Secretary of State". Bismarck Weekly Tribune. Bismarck, North Dakota. 14 December 1894. p. 5. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
41. "OR Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
42. The Journal of the House of the Legislative Assembly of the State of Oregon for the Eighteenth Regular Session. 1895. Salem, Oregon: W. H. Leeds, State Printer. 1895. p. 34.
43. "PA Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
44. "RI Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
45. "SC Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
46. "SD Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
47. "The Official Vote". The herald-advance. Milbank, S.D. 14 December 1894. p. 4. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
48. "South Dakota vote". The Kimball graphic. Kimball, S.D. 15 December 1894. p. 2. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
49. "TN Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
50. Lewis, J. Eugene (December 1954). "The Tennessee Gubernatorial Campaign and Election of 1894 (Continued)". Tennessee Historical Quarterly. 13 (4). Tennessee Historical Society: 301–328. JSTOR 42621204. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
51. Johnson, Joseph Leland (1965). "Background, State Politics, Election to the House". Congressional Career of Cordell Hull (Master of Arts). Knoxville: University of Tennessee. pp. 5–6. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
52. Moore, John Trotwood; Foster, Austin Powers (1923). Tennessee, The Volunteer State. 1769-1923. Vol. II. Chicago: The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company. p. 241.
53. Queener, Verton M. (June 1943). "The East Tennessee Republicans in State and Nation, 1870-1900". Tennessee Historical Quarterly. 2 (2). Tennessee Historical Society: 99–128. JSTOR 42620786. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
54. Cummings, William Joseph (1988). ""Let not petty jealousies hinder"". Community, Violence, and the Nature of Change: Whitecapping in Sevier County, Tennessee, During the 1890's (Master of Arts). Knoxville: University of Tennessee. p. 46. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
55. "Tennessee's Vote". Santa Fe Daily New Mexican. Santa Fe, N.M. 13 December 1894. p. 1. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
56. "General News" (PDF). The Carroll Record. Taneytown, Maryland. 15 December 1894. p. 1. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
57. "Peter Turney Governor". Freeland tribune. Freeland, Pa. 9 May 1895. p. 4. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
58. "It is Peter Turney". The Bolivar Bulletin. Bolivar, Tenn. 10 May 1895. p. 1. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
59. "Peter Turney Governor of Tennessee". The Union times. Union, S.C. 10 May 1895. p. 7. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
60. "TX Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
61. "Returns of an election held Nov. 6, 1894. For Governor and Lieutenant-Governor". Journal of House of Representatives. Austin: Ben C. Jones & Co.: 30 1895.
62. "VT Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
63. Journal of the Senate of the State of Vermont. Biennial Session, 1894. St. Albans, VT: The Messenger Company Press. 1895. p. 416.
64. "WI Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
65. "Votes cast for Wisconsin Gubernatorial Candidates in General Elections, 1848 to 1960". The Wisconsin Blue Book, 1962. Madison, Wis.: The Wisconsin Legislative Reference Library. 1962. p. 802.
66. "WY Governor, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 November 2020.

Notes

1. Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Maine, Oregon, Rhode Island and Vermont held early elections.
2. Contemporary sources indicate Lewelling ran under a fusion ticket between the Democrats and the Populist Party.
3. Holcomb ran under a fusion ticket between the Democrats and the Populist Party.
4. Shortridge ran under a fusion ticket between the Democrats and the Populist Party.
5. Some sources mention a fourth candidate called Reeves, but this candidate in fact stood for North Dakota's at-large congressional district
6. Osborne ran under a fusion ticket between the Democrats and the Populist Party.

Bibliography

• Glashan, Roy R. (1979). American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978. Meckler Books. ISBN 0-930466-17-9.
• Gubernatorial Elections, 1787-1997. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Inc. 1998. ISBN 1-56802-396-0.
• Dubin, Michael J. (2014). United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1861-1911: The Official Results by State and County. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-4722-0.
• The World Almanac and Encyclopedia, 1895. New York, NY: The Press Publishing Co. 1895.
• McPherson, Edward, ed. (1895). The Tribune Almanac and Political Register for 1895. New York, NY: The Tribune Association.