1070s in England

Events from the 1070s in England.

1070s in England

Other decades

1050s | 1060s | 1070s | 1080s | 1090s

Incumbents

• Monarch – William I

Events

• 1070
  • Winter of 1069–1070 – Harrying of the North: King William I quells rebellions in the North of England following an invasion by Sweyn II of Denmark. Widespread famine follows the devastation wrought.^[1]
  • Spring – King Sweyn II of Denmark joins English rebels, led by Hereward the Wake, and captures the Isle of Ely in The Fens of eastern England.^[2]
  • 11 April – Archbishop of Canterbury Stigand deposed at the Council of Winchester.
  • 1 June – Hereward plunders Peterborough Abbey.^[2]
  • June – Denmark signs a treaty with England; Sweyn and his forces leave the country.^[2]
  • 15 August – Lanfranc appointed as the new Archbishop of Canterbury.^[3]
  • Invasion of England by Malcolm III of Scotland repelled.^[2]
  • Hugh d'Avranches, 1st Earl of Chester, the first Marcher Lord, invades Wales, capturing parts of Gwynedd.^[2]
  • Osmund succeeds Herfast as Lord Chancellor; Herfast becomes Bishop of Elmham.
  • Rebuilding of Canterbury Cathedral following a fire.^[4]
  • Rebuilding of York Minster begins.^[2]
  • Construction of Dudley Castle in the west midlands by Ansculf de Picquigny begins.
  • Construction of Richmond Castle in North Yorkshire by Alan Rufus begins.
  • Jews from Rouen, in Normandy, settle in England at the invitation of the King.^[5]
• 1071
  • William defeats Hereward the Wake's rebellion on the Isle of Ely.^[3]
  • Edwin, Earl of Mercia, again rebels against William but is betrayed and killed, leading to the re-distribution of land within Mercia to William's subjects.
• 1072
  • 27 May – the Accord of Winchester establishes the primacy of the Archbishop of Canterbury over the Archbishop of York in the Church of England.^[2]
  • August – William invades Scotland, reaching the River Tay.^[2]
  • At Abernethy, King Malcolm III of Scotland submits to William.^[2]
  • Bishop of Lincoln raised to diocesan status.^[2] Construction of Lincoln Cathedral begins.^[6]
• 1073
  • Rebuilding of St Augustine's Abbey in Canterbury.^[3]
• 1074
  • Roger de Montgomerie is created Earl of Shrewsbury, and invades Wales, reaching as far as Powys.^[2]
• 1075
  • Revolt of the Earls: three earls rebel against William in the last serious act of resistance to the Norman conquest of England.^[3]
  • August (approx. date) – Council of London reforms Church administration in England. It approves union of the dioceses of Ramsbury and Sherborne into a new Diocese of Salisbury with a new cathedral at Old Sarum, Herman becoming first Bishop of Salisbury.^[2]
  • First Bishop of Chichester (Stigand of Selsey) consecrated.^[2]
• 1076
  • April – Council of Winchester confirms ecclesiastical authority, insists on celibacy of the clergy and marriage within church.^[2]
  • 31 May – execution of Waltheof II, Earl of Northumbria, for his part in the Revolt of the Earls.^[1]
  • Approximate date of the Trial of Penenden Heath to settle a land dispute between King William and his half-brother Odo of Bayeux.
• 1077
  • The Bayeux Tapestry completed depicting the Norman conquest of England.
  • William's son Robert Curthose stages an insurrection against him in Normandy.^[2]
  • Construction of St Albans Cathedral begins under Abbot Paul of Caen.^[7]
  • Foundation of the first Cluniac abbey in England, at Lewes.^[2]
  • First recorded Trial by combat in England.^{[citation needed]}
• 1078
  • 3 June (approx. date) – consecration of Osmund as Bishop of Salisbury. He will introduce the Sarum Rite.
  • (approx. date) – construction of the White Tower (Tower of London) begins^[2] under the direction of Bishop Gundulf of Rochester.
  • Construction of Colchester Castle begins^[2] under the direction of Bishop Gundulf of Rochester.
• 1079
  • January – Robert unhorses William in battle in Normandy.^[3]
  • William creates the New Forest as a hunting ground.^[8]
  • Rebuilding of Winchester Cathedral begins.^[9]

Births

• 1075
  • 16 April – Orderic Vitalis, Benedictine chronicler (died c. 1142)
  • Approximate date – Gerald de Windsor, noble (died 1135)

Deaths

• 1072
  • 10–11 February – Leofric, first Bishop of Exeter
  • c. 21–22 February – Stigand, deposed Archbishop of Canterbury
• 1075
  • 19 December – Edith of Wessex, queen of Edward the Confessor (born c. 1029)
• 1076
  • 31 May – Waltheof II, Earl of Northumbria, last of the Anglo-Saxon earls (born 1050)

References

1. "British History Timeline, Norman Britain, BBC". Retrieved 2007-12-23.
2. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 53–55. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
3. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 112–113. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
4. . Archived from the original on 2007-10-27. Retrieved 2007-12-23.
5. William of Malmesbury.
6. "Lincoln Cathedral website". from the original on 10 January 2008. Retrieved 2007-12-23.
7. . Archived from the original on 2007-12-02. Retrieved 2007-12-23.
8. . New Forest National Park. Archived from the original on 2016-04-05. Retrieved 2016-04-11.
9. Sutton, Ian (1999). Architecture, from Ancient Greece to the Present. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-20316-3.