Sharvavarman (Brahmi script: 𑀰𑀭𑁆𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀯𑀭𑁆𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸 , Gupta script: Śa-rvva-va-rmmā, complete form: Śarvavarman Indra Bhattarika) was the Maukhari ruler of Kanyakubja from circa 560-575 CE and held the title of "Mahārājādhirāja", "King of Kings" i.e. "Emperor".[1]
"Lord Sharvavarman" in the Asirgarh seal: "Śrī Śa-rvva-va-rmmā"
Sharvavarman may have been the greatest of the Maukhari emperors, invading Magadha circa 575 CE and defeating the Later Guptas kings Damodaragupta and Mahasenagupta, which made him ruler of the entire Uttar Pradesh.[2][3]
Shavavarman was the son of Ishanavarman. He and the chronology of his family are rather well known, because of a copper seal he created: the Asirgarh seal.[4][2] The seal reads:
Asirgarh seal inscription of Sharvavarman
(There was) the illustrious MaharājāHarivarman, whose fame stretched out beyond the four oceans; who had other kings brought into subjection by (his) prowess and by affection (for him); who was like (the god) Chakradhara, in employing (his) sovereignty for regulating the different castes and stages of religious life; (and) who was the remover of the afflictions of (his) subjects. His son, who meditated on his feet, (was) the illustrious Mahârâja Âdityavarman, begotten on the Bhaṭṭârikâ and DêvîJayasvâminî. His son, who meditated on his feet, (was) the illustrious Mahârâja Îśvaravarman, begotten on the Bhaṭṭârikâ and Dêvî Harshaguptâ. His son, who meditated on his feet, (was) Mahârâjâdhirâja, the glorious Îśvaravarman, begotten on the Bhaṭṭârikâ and Dêvî Upaguptâ. His son, who meditates on his feet, (is) the most devout worshipper of (the god) Mahēśvara, the Mahârâjâdhirâja Śarvavarman, the Maukhari, begotten on the Bhaṭṭârikâ and Mahâdêvî Lakshamîvatî.
— Fleet, John Faithful. Inscriptions of the Early Gupta Kings and Their Successors. Calcutta: Superintendent of Govt. Printing, 1888.[5]
Several other nearly identical seals of Sharvavarman were also discovered in Nalanda.[6] The content of the seals is identical, but small variations indicate that they come from different molds.[6]
Sharvarman was an important rival of the Late Guptas king Mahasenagupta (r. c. 562-601 CE) during the period 575-585 CE.[8]
With the end of Hunnic power in India, new contacts were established between India and the Sasanian Empire. Intellectual games such as chess and backgammon demonstrated and celebrated the diplomatic relationship between Khosrow I and a "great king of India." The vizier of the Indian king invented chess as a cheerful, playful challenge to King Khosrow. It seems that the Indian ruler who sent the game of chess to Khosrow may have been Śarvavarman, between the beginning of Śarvavarman's reign in 560/565 and the end of Khosrow's reign in 579,[7][9][10] When the game was sent to Iran it came with a letter which read: "As your name is the King of Kings, all your emperorship over us connotes that your wise men should be wiser than ours. Either you send us an explanation of this game of chess or send revenue and tribute us."[11] Khosrow's grand vizier successfully solved the riddle and figured out how to play chess. In response the wise vizier created the game backgammon and sent it to the Indian court with the same message. The Indian king was not able to solve the riddle and was forced to pay tribute.[11]
Sharvavarman was succeeded by his son Avantivarman, as indicated by the "Sohanag seal of Avantivarman".[2][1][12]
^ abcSinha, Bindeshwari Prasad (1977). Dynastic History of Magadha, Cir. 450-1200 A.D. Abhinav Publications. pp. 119–120.
^Mookerji, Radha Kumud (1 January 2016). Harsha: Calcutta University Readership Lectures 1925. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 55. ISBN978-81-208-0862-1.
^Vats, Madho Sarup (1946). "Sohnag Terracotta Seal of Avantivarman". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 9: 74–77. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44137039.
^Fleet, John Faithfull (1960). Inscriptions Of The Early Gupta Kings And Their Successors. pp. 219–221.
^ abSastri, Hirananda (1931). Epigraphia Indica Vol.21. pp. 72–75.
^ abEder, Manfred A. J. (2010). South Asian Archaeology 2007 Proceedings of the 19th Meeting of the European Association of South Asian Archaeology in Ravenna, Italy, July 2007, Volume II(PDF). Archaeopress Archaeology. p. 69. ISBN978-1-4073-0674-2.
^Schmidt, Karl J. (20 May 2015). An Atlas and Survey of South Asian History. Routledge. p. 77. ISBN978-1-317-47680-1.
^Bakker, Hans T. (2017). The Huns in Central and South Asia. How Two Centuries of War against Nomadic Invaders from the Steps are Concluded by a Game of Chess between the Kings of India and Iran.
^Cazaux, Jean-Louis; Knowlton, Rick (19 September 2017). A World of Chess: Its Development and Variations through Centuries and Civilizations. McFarland. p. 342. ISBN978-1-4766-2901-8.
^Kuppuswamy (Prof.), T. V. (1995). History of Tamilakam. Darkness at Horizon. Shri Bhagavan Vedavyasa Itihasa Samshodhana Mandira. p. 256. In the Sohanag seal of Avantivarman , Sharvavarman is shown as his father.
sharvavarman, brahmi, script, 𑀰𑀭, 𑀯, 𑀯𑀯𑀭, 𑀫, 𑀫, gupta, script, rvva, rmmā, complete, form, Śarvavarman, indra, bhattarika, maukhari, ruler, kanyakubja, from, circa, held, title, mahārājādhirāja, king, kings, emperor, maharajadhirajanalanda, clay, seals, empero. Sharvavarman Brahmi script 𑀰𑀭 𑀯 𑀯𑀯𑀭 𑀫 𑀫 Gupta script Sa rvva va rmma complete form Sarvavarman Indra Bhattarika was the Maukhari ruler of Kanyakubja from circa 560 575 CE and held the title of Maharajadhiraja King of Kings i e Emperor 1 SharvavarmanMaharajadhirajaNalanda clay seals of SharvavarmanEmperor of KanyakubjaReignc 560 575 CEPredecessorIshanavarmanSuccessorAvantivarmanIssueAvantivarmanDynastyMaukhariFatherIshanavarmanMotherLakshamivatiNalandaAsirgarhclass notpageimage Find spots of seals belonging to Sharvavarman Lord Sharvavarman in the Asirgarh seal Sri Sa rvva va rmma Sharvavarman may have been the greatest of the Maukhari emperors invading Magadha circa 575 CE and defeating the Later Guptas kings Damodaragupta and Mahasenagupta which made him ruler of the entire Uttar Pradesh 2 3 Contents 1 Asirgarh and Nalanda seals 2 Reign 3 References 4 Works 4 1 Modern worksAsirgarh and Nalanda seals editShavavarman was the son of Ishanavarman He and the chronology of his family are rather well known because of a copper seal he created the Asirgarh seal 4 2 The seal reads nbsp Asirgarh seal inscription of Sharvavarman There was the illustrious Maharaja Harivarman whose fame stretched out beyond the four oceans who had other kings brought into subjection by his prowess and by affection for him who was like the god Chakradhara in employing his sovereignty for regulating the different castes and stages of religious life and who was the remover of the afflictions of his subjects His son who meditated on his feet was the illustrious Maharaja Adityavarman begotten on the Bhaṭṭarika and DeviJayasvamini His son who meditated on his feet was the illustrious Maharaja Isvaravarman begotten on the Bhaṭṭarika and Devi Harshagupta His son who meditated on his feet was Maharajadhiraja the glorious Isvaravarman begotten on the Bhaṭṭarika and Devi Upagupta His son who meditates on his feet is the most devout worshipper of the god Mahesvara the Maharajadhiraja Sarvavarman the Maukhari begotten on the Bhaṭṭarika and Mahadevi Lakshamivati Fleet John Faithful Inscriptions of the Early Gupta Kings and Their Successors Calcutta Superintendent of Govt Printing 1888 5 Several other nearly identical seals of Sharvavarman were also discovered in Nalanda 6 The content of the seals is identical but small variations indicate that they come from different molds 6 Reign edit nbsp Sasanian Empire King Khosrow I sits before the chessboard while his vizir and the Indian envoy of Kannauj are playing chess Shahnama 10th century CE 7 Sharvarman was an important rival of the Late Guptas king Mahasenagupta r c 562 601 CE during the period 575 585 CE 8 With the end of Hunnic power in India new contacts were established between India and the Sasanian Empire Intellectual games such as chess and backgammon demonstrated and celebrated the diplomatic relationship between Khosrow I and a great king of India The vizier of the Indian king invented chess as a cheerful playful challenge to King Khosrow It seems that the Indian ruler who sent the game of chess to Khosrow may have been Sarvavarman between the beginning of Sarvavarman s reign in 560 565 and the end of Khosrow s reign in 579 7 9 10 When the game was sent to Iran it came with a letter which read As your name is the King of Kings all your emperorship over us connotes that your wise men should be wiser than ours Either you send us an explanation of this game of chess or send revenue and tribute us 11 Khosrow s grand vizier successfully solved the riddle and figured out how to play chess In response the wise vizier created the game backgammon and sent it to the Indian court with the same message The Indian king was not able to solve the riddle and was forced to pay tribute 11 Sharvavarman was succeeded by his son Avantivarman as indicated by the Sohanag seal of Avantivarman 2 1 12 References edit a b Indian History Allied Publishers 1988 p 413 ISBN 978 81 8424 568 4 a b c Sinha Bindeshwari Prasad 1977 Dynastic History of Magadha Cir 450 1200 A D Abhinav Publications pp 119 120 Mookerji Radha Kumud 1 January 2016 Harsha Calcutta University Readership Lectures 1925 Motilal Banarsidass p 55 ISBN 978 81 208 0862 1 Vats Madho Sarup 1946 Sohnag Terracotta Seal of Avantivarman Proceedings of the Indian History Congress 9 74 77 ISSN 2249 1937 JSTOR 44137039 Fleet John Faithfull 1960 Inscriptions Of The Early Gupta Kings And Their Successors pp 219 221 a b Sastri Hirananda 1931 Epigraphia Indica Vol 21 pp 72 75 a b Eder Manfred A J 2010 South Asian Archaeology 2007 Proceedings of the 19th Meeting of the European Association of South Asian Archaeology in Ravenna Italy July 2007 Volume II PDF Archaeopress Archaeology p 69 ISBN 978 1 4073 0674 2 Schmidt Karl J 20 May 2015 An Atlas and Survey of South Asian History Routledge p 77 ISBN 978 1 317 47680 1 Bakker Hans T 2017 The Huns in Central and South Asia How Two Centuries of War against Nomadic Invaders from the Steps are Concluded by a Game of Chess between the Kings of India and Iran Cazaux Jean Louis Knowlton Rick 19 September 2017 A World of Chess Its Development and Variations through Centuries and Civilizations McFarland p 342 ISBN 978 1 4766 2901 8 a b Canepa 2009 p 181 Kuppuswamy Prof T V 1995 History of Tamilakam Darkness at Horizon Shri Bhagavan Vedavyasa Itihasa Samshodhana Mandira p 256 In the Sohanag seal of Avantivarman Sharvavarman is shown as his father Works editModern works edit Canepa Matthew 2018 Weh andiōg husraw Rumagan In Nicholson Oliver ed The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 866277 8 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sharvavarman amp oldid 1202301141, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
