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Ōnin

January 01, 1970

Ōnin (応仁) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after Bunshō and before Bunmei. This period spanned the years from March 1467 through April 1469.[1] The reigning emperor was Go-Tsuchimikado-tennō (後土御門天皇).[2]

Change of era edit

  • 1467 Ōnin gannen (応仁元年): The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events. The old era ended and a new one commenced in Bunshō 2.

Events of the Ōnin era edit

The Ōnin War: This conflict began as a controversy over whether at Ashikaga Yoshimasa's retirement as shōgun he should be succeeded by his brother (Yoshimi) or his son (Yoshihisa); but this succession dispute was merely a pretext for rival groups of daimyōs to fight in a struggle for military supremacy. In the end, there was no clear-cut winner. The complex array of factional armies simply fought themselves into exhaustion.[3]

  • 1467 (Ōnin 1, 1st month): Yamana Sōzen and Hatakeyama Yoshinari took up positions around the Muromachi-dono, the Ashikaga residence in Heian-kyō where the Shōgun made his headquarters. They sent for Ashikaga Yoshimi, and they also invited former-Emperor Go-Hanazono and Go-Tsuchimikado to come themselves to Muromachi to witness for themselves that Hosokawa Katsumoto and Hatakeyama Michinaga would be put to death. For his part, Yoshimi first tried to ameliorate the escalating situation. Failing that, Yoshimi ordered Yoshinari to kill Masanaga, but Yoshinari was overpowered and Masanaga fled the capital. These events caused Souzen and Yoshinari to feel afraid of what might happen next.[4]
  • 1467 (Ōnin 1, 1st month): The nadaijin Sayensi-no Saneto was replaced by Hino-no Katsumitsi.[4]
  • 1467 (Ōnin 1, 2nd month): Shiba-no Yoshikado became kanrei; and from this moment forward, the confidence and activities of Katsumoto ceased entirely. He didn't go out at all, and he began to regret that he hadn't joined Masanaga. At the same time, Souzen and Yoshinari despaired as they secretly occupied themselves with preparations for armed confrontation. They informed their clans of their plans, and they began to believe that with support from outside the capital, it would be possible to surmount any number of obstacles.[4]
  • 1467 (Ōnin 1, 5th month): Nijō Mochimitsi was removed from his role as kampaku, and Ichijō Kaneyoshi became his successor.[4]

Higashiyama-dono edit

The emperor honored Yoshimasa's villa with a special name – Higashiyama-dono. Construction begins on the Silver Pavilion,[3] but the work is interrupted by a range of disruptions associated with the Ōnin War. Significant dates in this evolving crisis were:

  • 1460 (Chōroku 3): Yoshimasa initiated planning for construction of a retirement villa and gardens as early as 1460;[5] and after his death, this property would become a Buddhist temple called Jisho-ji (also known as Ginkaku-ji or the "Silver Pavilion").[6]
  • February 21, 1482 (Bunmei 14, 4th day of the 2nd month): The long-delayed construction of the "Silver Pavilion" is actually commenced.[7]

Notes edit

  1. ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Ōnin" in Japan encyclopedia, p. 754; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File.
  2. ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 352–364.
  3. ^ a b Varley, H. Paul. (1973). Japanese Culture: A Short History, p. 84.
  4. ^ a b c d Titsingh, p. 354.
  5. ^ Yamasa: Gikaku-ji.
  6. ^ "Protecting Ginkaku-ji, the Beauty of Wabi-sabi; Reluctance to Black Lacquering the Outer Wall", Kyoto Shimbun. January 23, 2008.
  7. ^ Keene, Donald. (2003). Yoshimasa and the Silver Pavilion, p. 87.

References edit

  • Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 48943301
  • Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Ōdai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
  • Varley, H. Paul. (1973). Japanese Culture: A Short History. London: Farber and Farber. ISBN 978-0-275-64370-6; OCLC 2542423

External links edit

  • National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" – historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Preceded by Era or nengō
Ōnin
1467–1469 		Succeeded by

January 01, 1970
Ōnin, 応仁, japanese, name, 年号, nengō, year, name, after, bunshō, before, bunmei, this, period, spanned, years, from, march, 1467, through, april, 1469, reigning, emperor, tsuchimikado, tennō, 後土御門天皇, contents, change, events, higashiyama, dono, notes, reference. Ōnin 応仁 was a Japanese era name 年号 nengō year name after Bunshō and before Bunmei This period spanned the years from March 1467 through April 1469 1 The reigning emperor was Go Tsuchimikado tennō 後土御門天皇 2 Contents 1 Change of era 2 Events of the Ōnin era 2 1 Higashiyama dono 3 Notes 4 References 5 External linksChange of era edit1467 Ōnin gannen 応仁元年 The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events The old era ended and a new one commenced in Bunshō 2 Events of the Ōnin era editThe Ōnin War This conflict began as a controversy over whether at Ashikaga Yoshimasa s retirement as shōgun he should be succeeded by his brother Yoshimi or his son Yoshihisa but this succession dispute was merely a pretext for rival groups of daimyōs to fight in a struggle for military supremacy In the end there was no clear cut winner The complex array of factional armies simply fought themselves into exhaustion 3 1467 Ōnin 1 1st month Yamana Sōzen and Hatakeyama Yoshinari took up positions around the Muromachi dono the Ashikaga residence in Heian kyō where the Shōgun made his headquarters They sent for Ashikaga Yoshimi and they also invited former Emperor Go Hanazono and Go Tsuchimikado to come themselves to Muromachi to witness for themselves that Hosokawa Katsumoto and Hatakeyama Michinaga would be put to death For his part Yoshimi first tried to ameliorate the escalating situation Failing that Yoshimi ordered Yoshinari to kill Masanaga but Yoshinari was overpowered and Masanaga fled the capital These events caused Souzen and Yoshinari to feel afraid of what might happen next 4 1467 Ōnin 1 1st month The nadaijin Sayensi no Saneto was replaced by Hino no Katsumitsi 4 1467 Ōnin 1 2nd month Shiba no Yoshikado became kanrei and from this moment forward the confidence and activities of Katsumoto ceased entirely He didn t go out at all and he began to regret that he hadn t joined Masanaga At the same time Souzen and Yoshinari despaired as they secretly occupied themselves with preparations for armed confrontation They informed their clans of their plans and they began to believe that with support from outside the capital it would be possible to surmount any number of obstacles 4 1467 Ōnin 1 5th month Nijō Mochimitsi was removed from his role as kampaku and Ichijō Kaneyoshi became his successor 4 Higashiyama dono edit The emperor honored Yoshimasa s villa with a special name Higashiyama dono Construction begins on the Silver Pavilion 3 but the work is interrupted by a range of disruptions associated with the Ōnin War Significant dates in this evolving crisis were 1460 Chōroku 3 Yoshimasa initiated planning for construction of a retirement villa and gardens as early as 1460 5 and after his death this property would become a Buddhist temple called Jisho ji also known as Ginkaku ji or the Silver Pavilion 6 February 21 1482 Bunmei 14 4th day of the 2nd month The long delayed construction of the Silver Pavilion is actually commenced 7 Notes edit Nussbaum Louis Frederic 2005 Ōnin in Japan encyclopedia p 754 n b Louis Frederic is pseudonym of Louis Frederic Nussbaum see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Titsingh Isaac 1834 Annales des empereurs du Japon pp 352 364 a b Varley H Paul 1973 Japanese Culture A Short History p 84 a b c d Titsingh p 354 Yamasa Gikaku ji Protecting Ginkaku ji the Beauty of Wabi sabi Reluctance to Black Lacquering the Outer Wall Kyoto Shimbun January 23 2008 Keene Donald 2003 Yoshimasa and the Silver Pavilion p 87 References editNussbaum Louis Frederic and Kathe Roth 2005 Japan Encyclopedia Cambridge Harvard University Press ISBN 978 0 674 01753 5 OCLC 48943301 Titsingh Isaac 1834 Nihon Ōdai Ichiran ou Annales des empereurs du Japon Paris Royal Asiatic Society Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland OCLC 5850691 Varley H Paul 1973 Japanese Culture A Short History London Farber and Farber ISBN 978 0 275 64370 6 OCLC 2542423External links editNational Diet Library The Japanese Calendar historical overview plus illustrative images from library s collection Preceded byBunshō Era or nengōŌnin1467 1469 Succeeded byBunmei Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ōnin amp oldid 1220379513, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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