Some historians consider Wu to have begun in 902, when Yang Xingmi was named Prince of Wu by the Tang dynasty. All three rulers of Wu after 907 (when the Tang dynasty collapsed and Zhu Wen established the Later Liang dynasty) were Yang Xingmi's sons. The first ruler Yang Wo was murdered by his ministers Xu Wen and Zhang Hao, and his two brothers after him were effectively puppets dominated by Xu Wen at first, and later Xu Wen's adopted son Xu Zhigao (Li Bian) who in 937 usurped power to establish the Southern Tang dynasty. Yang Pu, the last ruler, was the only one to claim the title of emperor; the other rulers were kings or princes.
The founder of Wu, Yang Xingmi, started his career as a volunteer soldier before seizing power in his home prefecture Luzhou in a military coup. The weak Tang court could only confirm his position. In 887 the governor of Huainan, Gao Pian, was captured by Bi Shiduo. Xingmi defeated Shiduo and captured the provincial capital Yangzhou later that year, but by then Pian had been put to death by Shiduo. Another rebel leader, Sun Ru had Shiduo killed and absorbed his forces. Yang Xingmi was forced to abandon Yangzhou and retreat to Luzhou. With Luzhou as his base, Xingmi increased his power by seizing neighbouring prefectures until he could recapture Yangzhou in 892. For this act, the Tang court granted him the military governorship of Huainan.
While still nominally loyal to the Tang dynasty, rival warlords were now carving out their own statelets. Yang Xingmi clashed with Zhu Wen of Later Liang in the north and Qian Liu of Wuyue in the south, successfully defending his territory. In 902 Yang Xingmi was named Prince of Wu by Emperor Zhaozong of Tang.
Independenceedit
Yang Xingmi died in 905 and was succeeded by his oldest son Yang Wo. In 907 Zhu Wen forced the last Tang emperor to abdicate and proclaimed himself the first emperor of the Later Liang. Yang Wo refused to acknowledge this change and continued the use of the last era name of Tang. From this point Wu was an independent, sovereign entity.[1]
Subversion of power by Xu Wenedit
Young and untested at his father's death Yang Wo had to rely on the director of the guard, Xu Wen, for his ascension, but later grew to resent Xu Wen's influence. However, before he could pull himself free, Yang Wo was assassinated by Xu Wen and his colleague Zhang Hao in 908. Wen and Hao had initially planned to divide Wu between themselves and submit to Liang, but they soon fell out. Xu Wen installed Yang Wo's younger brother Longyan and had Zhang Hao killed. Yang Longyan was a mere puppet with Xu Wen as the state's true ruler. Wen made himself Runzhou governor and moved his command to Jinling. The regular administration at the capital was left to his son Xu Zhixun. After Zhixun's murder in 918, this position was inherited by Wen's stepson, Zhigao. In 919, Yang Longyan proclaimed himself King of Wu and inaugurated a new era name, thus for the first time Wu officially claimed to be a sovereign state. Longyan died of illness in 922 and was succeeded by his brother, Xingmi's fourth son, Yang Pu. As before, Xu Wen had the real power. He prodded Yang Pu to proclaim himself emperor, but died in 927 before this could happen. 29 November 927 Yang Pu acceded the throne as Emperor of Wu. Xu Zhigao was made grand marshal and director of the Chancellery.
Territorial Extentedit
The Wu capital was at Guangling (present-day Yangzhou), and held present-day central and southern Anhui, central and southern Jiangsu, much of Jiangxi, and eastern Hubei.
End of the Kingdomedit
Xu Zhigao had been adopted by Xu Wen on Yang Xingmi's insistence and soon proved himself an able man. He came to power in Wu after his stepfather's death in 927 and continued to rule the state as governor of Jinling for some time. Finally in 937 he formally seized power for himself by proclaiming himself King of Qi and Yang Pu abdicated after suppressing the opposition of Yang Meng. Two years later, by claiming descent from a Tang prince Xu Zhigao and restoring his surname of Li, Xu Zhigao became Li Bian and proclaimed the restoration of the Tang. His state would be known to history as the Southern Tang.[1]
yang, table, tennis, player, surnamed, yang, other, uses, yangwu, disambiguation, also, referred, huainan, 淮南, hongnong, 弘農, southern, 南吳, 楊吳, dynastic, state, china, kingdoms, during, five, dynasties, kingdoms, period, existed, from, with, capital, jiangdu, m. For the table tennis player surnamed Wu see Wu Yang For other uses see Yangwu disambiguation Wu 吳 also referred to as Huainan 淮南 Hongnong 弘農 Southern Wu 南吳 or Yang Wu 楊吳 was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period It existed from 907 to 937 with capital at Jiangdu Municipality 江都 modern day Yangzhou Jiangsu Province Wu吳907 937CapitalGuanglingCommon languagesMiddle ChineseGovernmentMonarchyPrince King Emperor 907 908Yang Wo 908 921Yang Longyan 921 937Yang PuHistorical eraFive Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period Foundation of the State of Wu under Tang rule902 Fall of the Tang dynastyJune 1 907 Yang Longyan proclaimed himself King and inaugurated a new era name919 Yang Pu acceded the throne as EmperorNovember 29 927 Ended by the Southern Tang937CurrencyChinese coin Chinese cashPreceded by Succeeded by Tang dynasty Southern TangToday part ofChina Some historians consider Wu to have begun in 902 when Yang Xingmi was named Prince of Wu by the Tang dynasty All three rulers of Wu after 907 when the Tang dynasty collapsed and Zhu Wen established the Later Liang dynasty were Yang Xingmi s sons The first ruler Yang Wo was murdered by his ministers Xu Wen and Zhang Hao and his two brothers after him were effectively puppets dominated by Xu Wen at first and later Xu Wen s adopted son Xu Zhigao Li Bian who in 937 usurped power to establish the Southern Tang dynasty Yang Pu the last ruler was the only one to claim the title of emperor the other rulers were kings or princes Contents 1 Founding 2 Independence 3 Subversion of power by Xu Wen 4 Territorial Extent 5 End of the Kingdom 6 Rulers 7 Wu and Southern Tang rulers family tree 8 See also 9 References 9 1 Citations 9 2 Sources 10 External linksFounding editThe founder of Wu Yang Xingmi started his career as a volunteer soldier before seizing power in his home prefecture Luzhou in a military coup The weak Tang court could only confirm his position In 887 the governor of Huainan Gao Pian was captured by Bi Shiduo Xingmi defeated Shiduo and captured the provincial capital Yangzhou later that year but by then Pian had been put to death by Shiduo Another rebel leader Sun Ru had Shiduo killed and absorbed his forces Yang Xingmi was forced to abandon Yangzhou and retreat to Luzhou With Luzhou as his base Xingmi increased his power by seizing neighbouring prefectures until he could recapture Yangzhou in 892 For this act the Tang court granted him the military governorship of Huainan While still nominally loyal to the Tang dynasty rival warlords were now carving out their own statelets Yang Xingmi clashed with Zhu Wen of Later Liang in the north and Qian Liu of Wuyue in the south successfully defending his territory In 902 Yang Xingmi was named Prince of Wu by Emperor Zhaozong of Tang Independence editYang Xingmi died in 905 and was succeeded by his oldest son Yang Wo In 907 Zhu Wen forced the last Tang emperor to abdicate and proclaimed himself the first emperor of the Later Liang Yang Wo refused to acknowledge this change and continued the use of the last era name of Tang From this point Wu was an independent sovereign entity 1 Subversion of power by Xu Wen editYoung and untested at his father s death Yang Wo had to rely on the director of the guard Xu Wen for his ascension but later grew to resent Xu Wen s influence However before he could pull himself free Yang Wo was assassinated by Xu Wen and his colleague Zhang Hao in 908 Wen and Hao had initially planned to divide Wu between themselves and submit to Liang but they soon fell out Xu Wen installed Yang Wo s younger brother Longyan and had Zhang Hao killed Yang Longyan was a mere puppet with Xu Wen as the state s true ruler Wen made himself Runzhou governor and moved his command to Jinling The regular administration at the capital was left to his son Xu Zhixun After Zhixun s murder in 918 this position was inherited by Wen s stepson Zhigao In 919 Yang Longyan proclaimed himself King of Wu and inaugurated a new era name thus for the first time Wu officially claimed to be a sovereign state Longyan died of illness in 922 and was succeeded by his brother Xingmi s fourth son Yang Pu As before Xu Wen had the real power He prodded Yang Pu to proclaim himself emperor but died in 927 before this could happen 29 November 927 Yang Pu acceded the throne as Emperor of Wu Xu Zhigao was made grand marshal and director of the Chancellery Territorial Extent editThe Wu capital was at Guangling present day Yangzhou and held present day central and southern Anhui central and southern Jiangsu much of Jiangxi and eastern Hubei End of the Kingdom editXu Zhigao had been adopted by Xu Wen on Yang Xingmi s insistence and soon proved himself an able man He came to power in Wu after his stepfather s death in 927 and continued to rule the state as governor of Jinling for some time Finally in 937 he formally seized power for himself by proclaiming himself King of Qi and Yang Pu abdicated after suppressing the opposition of Yang Meng Two years later by claiming descent from a Tang prince Xu Zhigao and restoring his surname of Li Xu Zhigao became Li Bian and proclaimed the restoration of the Tang His state would be known to history as the Southern Tang 1 Rulers edit904 905 Yang Xingmi 楊行密 太祖孝武皇帝 Tai Zǔ Xiaowǔ Huangdi 905 908 Yang Wo 楊渥 烈宗景皇帝 Lie Zōng Jǐng Huangdi 908 921 Yang Longyǎn 楊隆演 高祖宣皇帝 Gao Zǔ Xuan Huangdi 921 937 Yang Pǔ 楊溥 睿皇帝 Rui Huangdi Wu and Southern Tang rulers family tree editSouthern Tang and Wu Wu emperors Southern Tang emperors Yang Xingmi 杨行密 852 905Taizu 太祖 902 905Xu Wen 徐溫 862 927Yizu 義祖 Yang Wo 杨渥 886 908Liezu 烈祖 905 907 908Yang Longyan 897 920Gaozu 高祖908 920Yang Pu 杨溥 900 938Ruidi 睿帝920 937Li Bian 李昪 888 943Liezu 烈祖937 943Xu Zhixun elder 徐知訓 d 918Xu Zhixun 徐知詢 d 934Kang of Donghai 東海康王 Yang Lian 杨琏 d 940Jing of Hongnong弘農靖王PrincessYongxing 永兴公主 917 940PrincessShangrao上饶公主 d 937Xu Jingqian徐景遷 919 937Ding of Chu 楚定王Li Jing 李璟 916 961Yuanzong 元宗943 961Li Jingsui 李景遂 920 958 Cr Prince Wencheng文成太弟Li Jingda 李景達 924 971Cr Prince Zhaoxiao 昭孝太弟 Li Yu 李煜 937 978Houzhu 后主961 975See also editFive Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms periodReferences editCitations edit a b Mote F W 1999 Imperial China 900 1800 Harvard University Press p 14 Sources edit Kurz Johannes L 2011 China s Southern Tang Dynasty 937 976 Routledge ISBN 9780415454964 Ouyang Xiu 2004 Historical records of the five dynasties Translated by Richard L Davis New York Columbia University Press ISBN 0 231 12826 6 External links edithttp www chinaknowledge de History Tang rulers wu html Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yang Wu amp oldid 1132713844, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
