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Wheel of time

The wheel of time or wheel of history (also known as Kalachakra) is a concept found in several religious traditions and philosophies, notably religions of Indian origin such as Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism, and Buddhism, which regard time as cyclical and consisting of repeating ages. Many other cultures contain belief in a similar concept: notably, the Q'ero Natives of Peru, as well as the Hopi Natives of Arizona.

Hinduism Edit

In Hindu cosmology, kala (time) is eternal, repeating general events in four types of cycles. The smallest cycle is a maha-yuga (great age), containing four yugas (dharmic ages): Satya Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga and Kali Yuga. A manvantara (age of Manu) contains 71 maha-yugas. A kalpa (day of Brahma) contains 14 manvantaras and 15 sandhyas (connecting periods), which lasts for 1,000 maha-yugas and is followed by a pralaya (night of partial dissolution) of equal length, where a day and night make one full day. A maha-kalpa (life of Brahma) lasts for 100 of Brahma's years of 12 months of 30 full days (100 360-day years) or 72,000,000 maha-yugas, which is followed by a maha-pralaya (full dissolution) of equal length.[1]

Buddhism Edit

The Wheel of Time or Kalachakra is a Tantric deity that is associated with Tibetan Tantric Buddhism, which encompasses all four main schools of Sakya, Nyingma, Kagyu and Gelug, and is especially important within the lesser-known Jonang tradition.

The Kalachakra tantra prophesies a world within which (religious) conflict is prevalent. A worldwide war will be waged which will see the expansion of the mystical Kingdom of Shambhala led by a messianic king.

Jainism Edit

 
Kalachakras in Jainism

Within Jainism, time is thought to be a wheel that rotates for infinity without a beginning. This wheel of time holds twelve spokes that each symbolize a different phase in the universe's cosmological history. It is further divided into two equal halves having six eras in them. While in a downward motion, the wheel of time falls into what is known as Avasarpiṇī and when in an upward motion, enters a state called Utsarpini. During both motions of the wheel, 24 tirthankaras come forth to teach the three jewels or sacred Jain teachings of right faith, right knowledge, and right practice, then create a spiritual ford across the ocean of rebirth for humanity.[2][3]

Ancient Rome Edit

The philosopher and emperor Marcus Aurelius saw time as extending forwards to infinity and backwards to infinity, while admitting the possibility (without arguing the case) that "the administration of the universe is organized into a succession of finite periods".[4]: Book 5, Paragraph 13 

Modern usage Edit

Literature Edit

In an interview included with the audiobook editions of his novels, author Robert Jordan has stated that his bestselling fantasy series The Wheel of Time borrows the titular concept from Hindu mythology.[5]

Television Edit

Several episodes of the American TV series Lost feature a wheel that can be physically turned in order to manipulate space and time. In a series of episodes during the fifth season, the island on which the show takes place begins to skip violently back and forth through time after the wheel is pulled off its axis.

 
Camille Flammarion's L'atmosphere (1888)

See also Edit

References Edit

  1. ^ Gupta, Dr. S. V. (2010). Hull, Robert; Osgood, Richard M. Jr.; Parisi, Jurgen; Warlimont, Hans (eds.). Units of Measurement: Past, Present and Future. International System of Units. Springer Series in Materials Science: 122. Springer. pp. 6–9 (1.2.4 Time Measurements). ISBN 9783642007378. OCLC 501804251.
  2. ^ Bhattacharyya, Sibajiban (1970). Buddhist Philosophy From 350 to 600 A.D. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 3. ISBN 9788120819689. OCLC 91697.
  3. ^ Dundas, Paul (2003). The Jains (2 ed.). Routledge. p. 20. ISBN 9781134501656. OCLC 71358145.
  4. ^ Aurelius, Marcus (2011). Meditations. Robin Hard. Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-957320-2. OCLC 757023454.
  5. ^ "Robert Jordan chats about his 'Wheel of Time' series". CNN. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
Sources
  • Jordan, Robert (1990). The eye of the world. New York: T. Doherty Associates. ISBN 0-312-85009-3.

wheel, time, this, article, about, religious, concept, other, uses, disambiguation, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed,. This article is about a religious concept For other uses see Wheel of time disambiguation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Wheel of time news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2008 Learn how and when to remove this template message The wheel of time or wheel of history also known as Kalachakra is a concept found in several religious traditions and philosophies notably religions of Indian origin such as Hinduism Jainism Sikhism and Buddhism which regard time as cyclical and consisting of repeating ages Many other cultures contain belief in a similar concept notably the Q ero Natives of Peru as well as the Hopi Natives of Arizona Contents 1 Hinduism 2 Buddhism 3 Jainism 4 Ancient Rome 5 Modern usage 5 1 Literature 5 2 Television 6 See also 7 ReferencesHinduism EditMain articles Yuga Cycle Manvantara and Kalpa time In Hindu cosmology kala time is eternal repeating general events in four types of cycles The smallest cycle is a maha yuga great age containing four yugas dharmic ages Satya Yuga Treta Yuga Dvapara Yuga and Kali Yuga A manvantara age of Manu contains 71 maha yugas A kalpa day of Brahma contains 14 manvantaras and 15 sandhyas connecting periods which lasts for 1 000 maha yugas and is followed by a pralaya night of partial dissolution of equal length where a day and night make one full day A maha kalpa life of Brahma lasts for 100 of Brahma s years of 12 months of 30 full days 100 360 day years or 72 000 000 maha yugas which is followed by a maha pralaya full dissolution of equal length 1 Buddhism EditMain article Kalachakra The Wheel of Time or Kalachakra is a Tantric deity that is associated with Tibetan Tantric Buddhism which encompasses all four main schools of Sakya Nyingma Kagyu and Gelug and is especially important within the lesser known Jonang tradition The Kalachakra tantra prophesies a world within which religious conflict is prevalent A worldwide war will be waged which will see the expansion of the mystical Kingdom of Shambhala led by a messianic king Jainism EditMain article Ajiva nbsp Kalachakras in JainismWithin Jainism time is thought to be a wheel that rotates for infinity without a beginning This wheel of time holds twelve spokes that each symbolize a different phase in the universe s cosmological history It is further divided into two equal halves having six eras in them While in a downward motion the wheel of time falls into what is known as Avasarpiṇi and when in an upward motion enters a state called Utsarpini During both motions of the wheel 24 tirthankaras come forth to teach the three jewels or sacred Jain teachings of right faith right knowledge and right practice then create a spiritual ford across the ocean of rebirth for humanity 2 3 Ancient Rome EditThe philosopher and emperor Marcus Aurelius saw time as extending forwards to infinity and backwards to infinity while admitting the possibility without arguing the case that the administration of the universe is organized into a succession of finite periods 4 Book 5 Paragraph 13 Modern usage EditLiterature Edit In an interview included with the audiobook editions of his novels author Robert Jordan has stated that his bestselling fantasy series The Wheel of Time borrows the titular concept from Hindu mythology 5 Television Edit Several episodes of the American TV series Lost feature a wheel that can be physically turned in order to manipulate space and time In a series of episodes during the fifth season the island on which the show takes place begins to skip violently back and forth through time after the wheel is pulled off its axis nbsp Camille Flammarion s L atmosphere 1888 See also EditEternal return Kalachakra Wheel of the YearReferences Edit Gupta Dr S V 2010 Hull Robert Osgood Richard M Jr Parisi Jurgen Warlimont Hans eds Units of Measurement Past Present and Future International System of Units Springer Series in Materials Science 122 Springer pp 6 9 1 2 4 Time Measurements ISBN 9783642007378 OCLC 501804251 Bhattacharyya Sibajiban 1970 Buddhist Philosophy From 350 to 600 A D Motilal Banarsidass p 3 ISBN 9788120819689 OCLC 91697 Dundas Paul 2003 The Jains 2 ed Routledge p 20 ISBN 9781134501656 OCLC 71358145 Aurelius Marcus 2011 Meditations Robin Hard Oxford England Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 957320 2 OCLC 757023454 Robert Jordan chats about his Wheel of Time series CNN Retrieved 14 June 2017 SourcesJordan Robert 1990 The eye of the world New York T Doherty Associates ISBN 0 312 85009 3 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wheel of time amp oldid 1170008849, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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