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Tordesillas

Tordesillas (Spanish pronunciation: [toɾðeˈsiʎas]) is a town and municipality in the province of Valladolid, Castile and León, central Spain. It is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of the provincial capital, Valladolid at an elevation of 704 metres (2,310 ft). The population was c. 8,760 as of 2021.[2]

Tordesillas
Southern Tordesillas in September 2012.
Tordesillas
Location in Spain
Tordesillas
Tordesillas (Spain)
Coordinates: 41°30′N 5°00′W / 41.500°N 5.000°W / 41.500; -5.000
Country Spain
Autonomous community Castile and León
ProvinceValladolid
ComarcaTierra del Vino
Government
 • MayorMaría del Milagro Zarzuelo Capellán (PP)
Area
 • Total141.95 km2 (54.81 sq mi)
Elevation
704 m (2,310 ft)
Population
 (2018)[1]
 • Total8,825
 • Density62/km2 (160/sq mi)
DemonymTordesillanos
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
47100
WebsiteOfficial website

The town is located on the Douro River although the river is not navigable up to Tordesillas. There are highway connections to Madrid, 182 kilometres (113 mi) to the southeast, and with Salamanca, 96 kilometres (60 mi) to the southwest. The provincial capital of Valladolid is also linked by four-lane highway.

Because of its important highway connections Tordesillas has become a major transit hub. The economy is based on services—especially connected to tourism—and the agricultural production of the surrounding area. Wheat has long been the traditional agricultural product (see Cuisine of the province of Valladolid).

The town is well served by hotels with a Parador, four three-star hotels, one two-star hotel, and ten hostels and pensions. There is also a camping site. There is also an abundance of restaurants—27 in total—with the Parador restaurant having a three star classification. North of the town there is a fertile valley formed by the Douro, with extensive use of irrigation by central pivots.

The town is known for its Toro de la Vega festival during which a bull was slaughtered by people on horseback and on foot. Animal rights groups repeatedly tried to stop this from taking place.

History edit

 
The Cantino planisphere (1502), depicting the meridian of Tordesillas.
 
Juana the Mad imprisoned in Tordesillas with her daughter, the infanta Catalina by Francisco Pradilla Ortiz (Museo del Prado, 1906)

The Roman Turris Sillae, built on the hill of Siellas, was the bulwark of the defensive line of the Duero during the Reconquest. In 1262 it received its charter from Alfonso X the Wise. The town began to be favored by the royal family and nobility, above all after Alfonso XI built a palace (1325). In the 15th century the town hosted several meetings of the Cortes. During the skirmishes between Henry IV and the nobility the city supported the monarchy, and again during the clashes between the Catholic Monarchs and Joanna La Beltraneja in 1476.

The Catholic Monarchs signed the Treaty of Tordesillas with the Portuguese crown in 1494, which established the line dividing the globe between Spain and Portugal for colonization purposes. This affected the Portuguese and Spanish colonization of the Americas.

Despite Tordesillas' traditional support for the monarchy, in the Castilian War of the Communities by citizens of Castile against the rule of Charles V, the city took the side of the Comuneros. The leaders chose Charles' own mother, Queen Joanna I, as an alternative ruler in more than title in 1519. They came to the town to ask for the mediation of Joanna I, confined within the Santa Clara convent since 1509 by her father Ferdinand II. However, in 1521, after nearly a year of rebellion, the reorganized supporters of the emperor Charles V struck a crippling blow to the comuneros at the Battle of Villalar, and finally royal troops of the Count of Haro captured Tordesillas.[3]

This 16th-century event was the beginning of a long decline from influence and prosperity. The ongoing position of Tordesillas at a crossing of historic roads and modern highways has been the decisive factor in its economic survival and development.

Main sights edit

Convent of Santa Clara edit

 
Real Monasterio de Santa Clara de Tordesillas

The Santa Clara buildings were originally built by King Alfonso XI as his palace in 1344. His son Peter the Cruel had it embellished by Mudéjar artists, beautiful works at Santa Clara, though on a much smaller scale than they did in the Alcázar of Seville. The facade, a lovely small patio, a chapel and the baths remain of Peter the Cruel's palace. Blanche de Bourbon was held here after her abandonment by Peter for María de Padilla in 1353. The former portal, blocked off now, has a particularly fine Mudéjar doorway. In 1363 he ceded Santa Clara to two of his daughters by María de Padilla. They turned it into a convent, but it retained its role as a royal palace.

In 1420 the Infante Don Enrique of Aragón burst into the palace and seized the person of John II, who escaped the Infante thanks to Álvaro de Luna. Queen Joanna of Castile and Aragon, who spent much of her life in confinement at the (later demolished) royal palace of Tordesillas, was first interred at the Santa Clara convent before her remains were transferred to Granada. The convent still holds a little clavichord reputed to have belonged to heritage.

Plaza Mayor and churches edit

 
Plaza Mayor with colonnades.

The Plaza Mayor is the historic and attractive central community space framed by the 17th century colonnade and porticos creating the arcade that encircles it.

Nearby is the Church of Santa Maria, built from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries. It has a monumental baroque sacristy. The town's other landmark churches are San Juan, San Pedro, Santiago, and San Antolín.

The massive 15th-century Church of San Antolín is of special interest, containing a museum of religious art collected from churches in the vicinity. The spacious church interior has a single nave, and its most outstanding feature is the sumptuous Alderete Chapel, containing the 1550 alabaster tomb of Don Pedro de Alderete, Commander of the Order of Santiago.

There are also two other historic convents besides Santa Clara in Tordesillas — Convento de Carmelo and Convento de San Francisco.

Festivals edit

The main feasts in Tordesillas are held in September; the date changes every year.

Festivities in honour of 'La Virgen de La Peña' edit

The celebrations are in honour of Our Lady 'La Virgen de la Peña', (Our Lady of the Rock) patron saint of the village and land of Tordesillas. Her hermitage is located on the other side of the river, where people arrive for the romería (pilgrimage) in carts drawn by decorated horses.

Celebrations begin on 8 September, Patron Saint's Day of Tordesillas, the 'Virgen de la Guía' (Our Guiding Lady).

Following Saturday to 8 September is called "Sábado de Faroles". (The Saturday of torches or lanterns made of wood). During the night there is the "Desfile de Faroles", a big parade where each competing "peña" (crew or team) carries a "farol" (which is somewhat bigger than a common streetlamp). Each side of the "farol" is painted with typical images about Tordesillas and about the festivities. Crews, accompanied by brass bands, take part in the parade carrying their "faroles", along the streets of the village. The crew judged to have the most beautiful farole is awarded a prize.

The guards' patrol through the old walls of Tordesillas gave rise to this curious celebration that traverses the whole village.

 
Festivities of Toro de la Vega (photo of 2014)

Torneo del Toro de la Vega edit

The "Virgen de la Peña" patron saint's day is celebrated on Sunday. The following Tuesday there was a well-known local tournament called, in Spanish, "Torneo del Toro de la Vega" (The Meadow Bull Tournament).

The bull was driven by horsemen and footmen all carrying spears. When it reached the meadow across the river it was finally speared and stabbed by many competing lancers.[4] The person who delivered the fatal blow (this could be with a rifle) was entitled to cut off the bull's testicles and tie them to the tip of his spear and parade them through the town. The city then awarded him a gold medal and a commemorative forged iron spear.

This celebration was banned in 2016 by the regional government over rising concerns about violent clashes between those who held views in favor of the tournament and those against it. A perceived majority of the town's population supported the celebration while a growing number of Spaniards had come to know about it and were opposing this celebration over human rights concerns. There had been attempts to block the celebration by members of animal-rights groups before and altercations between both locals and visitors in the years prior to the ban were escalating. The current format of the tournament involves the chasing of the bull without spears and the bull is not killed in public anymore. The name of the tournament is now "El Toro de la Peña".[5]

Notable people edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
  2. ^ "Instituto Nacional de Estadística. (Spanish Statistical Institute)". www.ine.es. Retrieved 9 March 2024.
  3. ^ Pérez, Joseph (1998) [1970]. La révolution des "Comunidades" de Castille, 1520–1521 (in Spanish). Madrid: Siglo Veintiuno de España Editores. p. 110. ISBN 84-323-0285-6.
  4. ^ Spanish battle over Toro de la Vega bullfighting tradition, BBC News, 13 September 2015
  5. ^ CAS International (2019). "Toro de la Vega remains prohibited". Retrieved 28 January 2024.

tordesillas, spanish, pronunciation, toɾðeˈsiʎas, town, municipality, province, valladolid, castile, león, central, spain, located, kilometres, southwest, provincial, capital, valladolid, elevation, metres, population, 2021, update, municipalitysouthern, septe. Tordesillas Spanish pronunciation toɾdeˈsiʎas is a town and municipality in the province of Valladolid Castile and Leon central Spain It is located 25 kilometres 16 mi southwest of the provincial capital Valladolid at an elevation of 704 metres 2 310 ft The population was c 8 760 as of 2021 update 2 TordesillasMunicipalitySouthern Tordesillas in September 2012 FlagCoat of armsTordesillasLocation in SpainShow map of Castile and LeonTordesillasTordesillas Spain Show map of SpainCoordinates 41 30 N 5 00 W 41 500 N 5 000 W 41 500 5 000Country SpainAutonomous community Castile and LeonProvinceValladolidComarcaTierra del VinoGovernment MayorMaria del Milagro Zarzuelo Capellan PP Area Total141 95 km2 54 81 sq mi Elevation704 m 2 310 ft Population 2018 1 Total8 825 Density62 km2 160 sq mi DemonymTordesillanosTime zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Postal code47100WebsiteOfficial websiteThe town is located on the Douro River although the river is not navigable up to Tordesillas There are highway connections to Madrid 182 kilometres 113 mi to the southeast and with Salamanca 96 kilometres 60 mi to the southwest The provincial capital of Valladolid is also linked by four lane highway Because of its important highway connections Tordesillas has become a major transit hub The economy is based on services especially connected to tourism and the agricultural production of the surrounding area Wheat has long been the traditional agricultural product see Cuisine of the province of Valladolid The town is well served by hotels with a Parador four three star hotels one two star hotel and ten hostels and pensions There is also a camping site There is also an abundance of restaurants 27 in total with the Parador restaurant having a three star classification North of the town there is a fertile valley formed by the Douro with extensive use of irrigation by central pivots The town is known for its Toro de la Vega festival during which a bull was slaughtered by people on horseback and on foot Animal rights groups repeatedly tried to stop this from taking place Contents 1 History 2 Main sights 2 1 Convent of Santa Clara 3 Plaza Mayor and churches 4 Festivals 4 1 Festivities in honour of La Virgen de La Pena 4 2 Torneo del Toro de la Vega 5 Notable people 6 See also 7 ReferencesHistory edit nbsp The Cantino planisphere 1502 depicting the meridian of Tordesillas nbsp Juana the Mad imprisoned in Tordesillas with her daughter the infanta Catalina by Francisco Pradilla Ortiz Museo del Prado 1906 The Roman Turris Sillae built on the hill of Siellas was the bulwark of the defensive line of the Duero during the Reconquest In 1262 it received its charter from Alfonso X the Wise The town began to be favored by the royal family and nobility above all after Alfonso XI built a palace 1325 In the 15th century the town hosted several meetings of the Cortes During the skirmishes between Henry IV and the nobility the city supported the monarchy and again during the clashes between the Catholic Monarchs and Joanna La Beltraneja in 1476 The Catholic Monarchs signed the Treaty of Tordesillas with the Portuguese crown in 1494 which established the line dividing the globe between Spain and Portugal for colonization purposes This affected the Portuguese and Spanish colonization of the Americas Despite Tordesillas traditional support for the monarchy in the Castilian War of the Communities by citizens of Castile against the rule of Charles V the city took the side of the Comuneros The leaders chose Charles own mother Queen Joanna I as an alternative ruler in more than title in 1519 They came to the town to ask for the mediation of Joanna I confined within the Santa Clara convent since 1509 by her father Ferdinand II However in 1521 after nearly a year of rebellion the reorganized supporters of the emperor Charles V struck a crippling blow to the comuneros at the Battle of Villalar and finally royal troops of the Count of Haro captured Tordesillas 3 This 16th century event was the beginning of a long decline from influence and prosperity The ongoing position of Tordesillas at a crossing of historic roads and modern highways has been the decisive factor in its economic survival and development Main sights editConvent of Santa Clara edit nbsp Real Monasterio de Santa Clara de TordesillasThe Santa Clara buildings were originally built by King Alfonso XI as his palace in 1344 His son Peter the Cruel had it embellished by Mudejar artists beautiful works at Santa Clara though on a much smaller scale than they did in the Alcazar of Seville The facade a lovely small patio a chapel and the baths remain of Peter the Cruel s palace Blanche de Bourbon was held here after her abandonment by Peter for Maria de Padilla in 1353 The former portal blocked off now has a particularly fine Mudejar doorway In 1363 he ceded Santa Clara to two of his daughters by Maria de Padilla They turned it into a convent but it retained its role as a royal palace In 1420 the Infante Don Enrique of Aragon burst into the palace and seized the person of John II who escaped the Infante thanks to Alvaro de Luna Queen Joanna of Castile and Aragon who spent much of her life in confinement at the later demolished royal palace of Tordesillas was first interred at the Santa Clara convent before her remains were transferred to Granada The convent still holds a little clavichord reputed to have belonged to heritage Plaza Mayor and churches edit nbsp Plaza Mayor with colonnades The Plaza Mayor is the historic and attractive central community space framed by the 17th century colonnade and porticos creating the arcade that encircles it Nearby is the Church of Santa Maria built from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries It has a monumental baroque sacristy The town s other landmark churches are San Juan San Pedro Santiago and San Antolin The massive 15th century Church of San Antolin is of special interest containing a museum of religious art collected from churches in the vicinity The spacious church interior has a single nave and its most outstanding feature is the sumptuous Alderete Chapel containing the 1550 alabaster tomb of Don Pedro de Alderete Commander of the Order of Santiago There are also two other historic convents besides Santa Clara in Tordesillas Convento de Carmelo and Convento de San Francisco Festivals editThe main feasts in Tordesillas are held in September the date changes every year Festivities in honour of La Virgen de La Pena edit The celebrations are in honour of Our Lady La Virgen de la Pena Our Lady of the Rock patron saint of the village and land of Tordesillas Her hermitage is located on the other side of the river where people arrive for the romeria pilgrimage in carts drawn by decorated horses Celebrations begin on 8 September Patron Saint s Day of Tordesillas the Virgen de la Guia Our Guiding Lady Following Saturday to 8 September is called Sabado de Faroles The Saturday of torches or lanterns made of wood During the night there is the Desfile de Faroles a big parade where each competing pena crew or team carries a farol which is somewhat bigger than a common streetlamp Each side of the farol is painted with typical images about Tordesillas and about the festivities Crews accompanied by brass bands take part in the parade carrying their faroles along the streets of the village The crew judged to have the most beautiful farole is awarded a prize The guards patrol through the old walls of Tordesillas gave rise to this curious celebration that traverses the whole village nbsp Festivities of Toro de la Vega photo of 2014 Torneo del Toro de la Vega edit The Virgen de la Pena patron saint s day is celebrated on Sunday The following Tuesday there was a well known local tournament called in Spanish Torneo del Toro de la Vega The Meadow Bull Tournament The bull was driven by horsemen and footmen all carrying spears When it reached the meadow across the river it was finally speared and stabbed by many competing lancers 4 The person who delivered the fatal blow this could be with a rifle was entitled to cut off the bull s testicles and tie them to the tip of his spear and parade them through the town The city then awarded him a gold medal and a commemorative forged iron spear This celebration was banned in 2016 by the regional government over rising concerns about violent clashes between those who held views in favor of the tournament and those against it A perceived majority of the town s population supported the celebration while a growing number of Spaniards had come to know about it and were opposing this celebration over human rights concerns There had been attempts to block the celebration by members of animal rights groups before and altercations between both locals and visitors in the years prior to the ban were escalating The current format of the tournament involves the chasing of the bull without spears and the bull is not killed in public anymore The name of the tournament is now El Toro de la Pena 5 Notable people editGonzalo Queipo de Llano 1875 1951 military leaderSee also editBattle of Tordesillas 1520 Battle of Tordesillas 1812 References edit Municipal Register of Spain 2018 National Statistics Institute Instituto Nacional de Estadistica Spanish Statistical Institute www ine es Retrieved 9 March 2024 Perez Joseph 1998 1970 La revolution des Comunidades de Castille 1520 1521 in Spanish Madrid Siglo Veintiuno de Espana Editores p 110 ISBN 84 323 0285 6 Spanish battle over Toro de la Vega bullfighting tradition BBC News 13 September 2015 CAS International 2019 Toro de la Vega remains prohibited Retrieved 28 January 2024 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tordesillas amp oldid 1212793058, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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