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Shlomo Carlebach (musician)

Shlomo Carlebach (Hebrew: שלמה קרליבך; 14 January 1925 – 20 October 1994), known as Reb Shlomo to his followers, was a rabbi, religious teacher, spiritual leader, composer, and singer dubbed "the singing rabbi" during his lifetime.[1]

Shlomo Carlebach
Born(1925-01-14)January 14, 1925
Berlin, Germany
DiedOctober 20, 1994(1994-10-20) (aged 69)
Resting placeHar HaMenuchot, Jerusalem, Israel
31°47′52″N 35°10′44″E / 31.7979°N 35.179°E / 31.7979; 35.179
NationalityAmerican / Israeli
Known forReligious teacher, composer, singer, musician
SpouseElaine Neila Glick
Children2, including Neshama
Parent

Although his roots lay in traditional Orthodox yeshivot, he branched out to create his own style, combining Hasidic Judaism, warmth and personal interaction, public concerts, and song-filled synagogue services. At various times he lived in Manhattan, San Francisco, Toronto and a Moshav he founded, Mevo Modi'im, Israel. Carlebach is the subject of Soul Doctor, a musical that debuted on Broadway in 2013.

Carlebach is considered by many to be the foremost Jewish religious songwriter of the 20th century.[2][3]

Carlebach was also considered a pioneer of the Baal teshuva movement ("returnees to Judaism"), encouraging disenchanted Jewish youth to re-embrace their heritage, using his special style of enlightened teaching, and his melodies, songs, and highly inspiring story telling. Following his death, numerous accusations of sexual abuse were levied against him, published in Lilith Magazine.

Biography

Carlebach was descended from old rabbinical dynasties in pre-Holocaust Germany. The Carlebach family is a Jewish family originally from Germany that now lives in several countries. He was born in 1925 in Berlin, where his father, Hartwig Naftali Carlebach (1889–1967), was an Orthodox rabbi.[4] He had a twin brother, Rabbi Eli Chaim Carlebach and a sister, Shulamith Levovitz.[5] His family left Germany in 1931 and lived in Baden bei Wien, Austria and by 1933 in Switzerland.[6]

Carlebach studied at Yeshiva Torah Vodaath and Yeshiva Rabbi Chaim Berlin in Brooklyn, New York, and Beth Medrash Gevoha in Lakewood, New Jersey.[7] His teachers included rabbis Shlomo Heiman and Aharon Kotler. He was considered one of Kotler's best students.[8] During his yeshiva studies he was often asked to lead the services as a hazzan (cantor).[citation needed] He received semikha (rabbinic ordination) from Yitzchak Hutner.

In 1950 Carlebach set up a small Torah learning group called T.S.G.G. (pronounced TASGIG), an acronym for "Taste And See God Is Good".[9]

That year, Carlebach attended a Hebrew language ulpan class at the Jewish Theological Seminary (JTS), where he played hasidic melodies on the piano. Sara Schafler-Kelman heard his singing and invited Carlebach to sing chasidic tunes at the Hillel Center on Convent Avenue. Schafler prepared a poster for the event, entitled "The Place of Music in the Hassidic Tradition". This was Carlebach's first invited performance. Years later, Carlebach said to Schafler-Kelman, "You gave me a title for my life's work."[9]

In 1951, Carlebach began learning English in a special program at Columbia University, having previously spoken mainly Yiddish. Becoming fluent in English only at the age of 26, he developed an unusual grammar, mixing Yiddish and English, that became his hallmark, and later influenced the language of his followers, as well as many other members of the neo-hassidic movement.[9]

Carlebach became a disciple of Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn, the sixth rebbe of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement.[10] From 1951 to 1954, he worked briefly as one of the first emissaries (shluchim) of Menachem Mendel Schneerson, the seventh Lubavitcher rebbe, who urged him to use his special skills and go to college campuses to reconnect Jews to Judaism, but would later disapprove of the non traditional tactics he used.[8] Carlebach left the movement in 1954.

In 1972, he married Elaine Neila Glick, a teacher. They had two daughters, Nedara (Dari) and Neshama. Neshama Carlebach is a songwriter and singer in her own right, basing herself on her father's style and name.

Music career

 
Shlomo Carlebach (left)

Carlebach began writing songs at the end of the 1950s, primarily based on verses from the Tanakh or the Siddur set to his own music. Although he composed thousands of songs, he could not read musical notes. Many of his soulful renderings of Torah verses became standards in the wider Jewish community, including Am Yisrael Chai ("[The] Nation [of] Israel Lives"—composed on behalf of the plight of Soviet Jewry in the mid-1960s), Pitchu Li ("Open [for] Me [the Gates of Righteousness]") and Borchi Nafshi ("[May] My Soul Bless [God]"). Carlebach was recording well before this and was invited to the festival by one of its organizers after she heard a recording of Carlebach.[11]

In 1954, the Atlanta Southern Israelite reported that Carlebach was named as the technical advisor for a production of The Dybbuk. Carlebach was to advise on the music used in the theatrical production.[12]

He became known as "The Singing Rabbi".

Some Carlebach melodies were entered in Israel's annual Hasidic Song Festival.[13] In 1969, his song Ve'haer Eneinu, sung by the Shlosharim won third prize.[14] The Hasidic festivals were a yearly event that helped to popularize his music. He also produced albums with a more liturgical sound. Some of the musicians he worked with during this period added a psychedelic tinge and a wider range of backup instrumentation. Carlebach now spent much of his time in Israel, living in Moshav Me'or Modi'im.

Carlebach's songs were characterized by relatively short melodies and traditional lyrics. His new tunes were easy to learn and became part of the prayer services in many synagogues around the world.[13]

Carlebach returned to New York City, where as part of his performances he spoke of inspirational subjects rooted in Hasidism and Kabbalah. Some of his teachings have been published by his students and appear alongside his recorded songs. Carlebach spread the teachings of Peshischa, Chabad, and Breslov, and popularized the writings of, among others, the rebbe of Ishbitz, Mordechai Yosef Leiner, and rebbe Kalonymus Kalman Shapira of Piasetzno.

Carlebach became the rabbi of the Carlebach Shul on West 79th Street. He continued to perform regularly at concerts, and to record various albums of his original melodies.

On February 27, 2022, Carlebach was posthumously inducted with the inaugural class of the Jewish Music Hall of Fame.[citation needed]

Death and legacy

 
Carlebach's grave

Carlebach died of a heart attack on his way to Canada while the plane was still on the ground at LaGuardia Airport in New York.[15] The Hebrew date was 16 Cheshvan 5755. His body was flown to Israel for burial at Har HaMenuchot. During the funeral the mourners sang Carlebach's songs, including Chasdei Hashem Ki Lo Samnu.[16] Israel's Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi Yisrael Meir Lau gave a eulogy. An annual memorial service is held at his grave on the 16th of Cheshvan. Additional memorial events take place throughout Israel and around the world.

According to Rabbi Jonathan Rosenblatt, Carlebach "changed the expectations of the prayer experience from decorous and sombre to uplifting and ecstatic as he captivated generations with elemental melodies and stories of miraculous human saintliness, modesty and unselfishness."[17]

Since his death, Carlebach's music has been incorporated in the services of many synagogues, some of which conduct Carlebach minyanim.

A musical written about his life, Soul Doctor, by Daniel Wise was presented off-Broadway in 2008 and New Orleans in 2010, and was received with critical acclaim.[18] The musical had a brief off-Broadway run as a guest attraction at New York Theatre Workshop in the Summer of 2012,[19] and earned Eric Anderson a Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actor in a Musical nomination for his portrayal of Shlomo Carlebach. Soul Doctor opened on Broadway August 15, 2013.

A documentary film about Carlebach directed by Boaz Shahak, You Never Know, was released at the Jerusalem Film Festival in 2008.

"The Torah Commentary of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach" is a series of books based on his teachings.[20]

The Shlomo Carlebach Foundation was established to preserve and disseminate the teachings, music, and stories of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach, and to develop communities that will share the love and joy which he radiated.[21]

Controversy

Carlebach's approach towards keiruv (the popular Hebrew term for Orthodox Jewish outreach) was often tinged with controversy.[19] Put most favorably, "He operated outside traditional Jewish structures in style and substance, and spoke about God and His love in a way that could make other rabbis uncomfortable."[22]

After his death, Lilith magazine, a Jewish feminist publication, catalogued allegations of sexual impropriety against him.[23] Specifically, named accusers are quoted in this article, as well as unnamed sources and Jewish communal leaders with knowledge of the allegations.[22][24] However, even in his lifetime, Carlebach was approached about these matters. Lilith reports that people present when he was confronted say he acknowledged impropriety, expressed regret, and agreed that, to some degree, his behavior needed to change. The article indicates that most in Carlebach's circles were uncomfortable voicing their accusations at the time, leading to a widespread policy of "silence" which had, in part, enabled his continued offenses.

Since his death, many others have come forward with allegations that Carlebach solicited them, touched them during dancing, or on private walks. Some of the alleged offenses were toward young women, teenagers in camps or youth group retreats. Some of his older accusers point out that they were approached by him at a time in their lives when they were particularly vulnerable, as many of them were transitioning into Jewish life and practice, and as such undergoing large changes in their lives. As their sole spiritual leader at the time, Carlebach held a lot of potential power over them. Most of his offenses were unexpected and undesired touching, or telephone calls "in the middle of the night", which his accusers describe as disturbing, but also as odd. The Lilith article says that for many, his legacy is mixed. Even many of his victims state that he still had great positive impact on their lives, despite the irreparable hurt he caused -- and that, had his problem been more public, and more help been available to him, it is possible he would have willingly sought it.

His followers reject these accusations and say that it is unfair to accuse him after his death.[22][25][26] However, accusations had already been made as early as the 1970s.[27] Especially in light of the #metoo movement some have begun to question whether Jewish communities should still use his music.[28][29] In January 2018 his daughter Neshama wrote an open letter to the women who were harmed by Carlebach. She wrote "I accept the fullness of who my father was, flaws and all. I am angry with him. And I refuse to see his faults as the totality of who he was."[27]

Discography

Albums

  • הנשמה לך Haneshama Lach (Songs of My Soul) (Zimra Records ZR-201, 1959; re-released in 2002 by Estate of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Restoration Edition [Sojourn Records SR-013])
  • ברכי נפשי Borchi Nafshi (Sing My Heart) (Zimra Records ZR-202, 1960; re-released in 2004 by Estate of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Restoration Edition [Sojourn Records SR-014])). "12 Songs composed and sung by Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach, with choir and orchestra arranged and conducted by Milton Okun."
  • Shlomo Carlebach Sings (Galton 1962, recorded live; later re-released as Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Sings by the Estate of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Restoration Edition [Sameach Music – NDS200CD])
  • פתחו לי שערי צדק (At The Village Gate) (Vanguard VRS-9116, 1963)
  • מקדש מלך In The Palace of the King (Vanguard VRS-9192 (mono) VSD-79192 (stereo), 1965). "Shlomo Carlebach with chorus and symphony orchestra arranged and conducted by Benedict Silberman"
  • שפכי כמים לבך Wake Up World! (Zimrani Records ZR-203, 1965). "Original Songs Composed and Sung by Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach with Chorus and Orchestra Arranged and Conducted by Milton Okun"
  • "I Heard the Wall Singing" Vol. 1 (Greater Recording Co. GRC112, 1968)
  • "I Heard the Wall Singing" Vol. 2 (Greater Recording Co. GRC114, 1968)
  • Vehaer Eynenu (Hed Arzi, 1969)
  • Shlomo Carlebach Live, Let There Be Peace (Preiser, 1973, recorded in Vienna)
  • Uvnei Yerushalayim (6 Million in Heaven - 3 Million in Hell) (Menorah, 1974)
  • Together with Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach (Hed Arzi, 1974)
  • Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Live in Concert (Yisrael B'tach BaShem) (Y&Y Productions, 1974, recorded in Brooklyn)
  • Shlomo Carlebach & the Children of Jewish Song sing Ani Maamin (Emes Records, 1975)
  • Live in Tel Aviv (Heichal HaTarbut) (Hed Arzi, 1976)
  • Days Are Coming (Embassy/Hal Roach Studios, 1979; re-released by Estate of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Restoration Edition [Sojourn Records SR-016])
  • L'Kovod Shabbos (Sound Path Records, 1980)
  • Even Ma'asu HaBonim (1981)
  • Nachamu Nachamu Ami [2 vol.] (Rare Productions, 1983)
  • Live in Concert (Holyland, 1984, recorded in Brooklyn)
  • Live in England (Menorah,1988)
  • Shvochin Asader (1988)
  • Live in Concert for the Jews of Russia (NCSY Toronto, 1988, recorded in Toronto)
  • Shlomo Sings with the Children of Israel (Hiney Anochi V'hayeladim) (1989)
  • Shlomo Carlebach at Festival Arad (1992)
  • Shabbos with Shlomo (1992)
  • A Melave Malka in Notting Hill (1995, recorded 1.16.1993)
  • Shlomo's Greatest Stories [2 vol] (1993)
  • Shuva (1994, later packaged in 2 vol. cassette set: "Sweetest Friends")
  • Shabbos in Shomayim - The Last Album (1994)

Posthumous/ambiguously timed releases

  • Last Shabbos in Galus (Aderet SCG300)
  • Carlebach in Jerusalem (Al Eileh) (Noam, 1995)
  • The Gift of Shabbos (1995, originally packaged in 2 vol. cassette set: "Sweetest Friends")
  • Open Your Hearts (Music Made From The Soul, Vol. 1) (1986 Recordings)
  • Holy Brothers and Sisters (Music Made From The Soul, Vol. 2) (1986 Recordings)
  • HaNeshama Shel Shlomo (with Neshama Carlebach)
  • Songs of Peace (Live performance, 1975)
  • Live In South Africa (Live in Johannesburg, 1986) (2 CD)
  • Live In Memphis (2020) (streaming)

Singles

  • Am Israel Chai and Ein Kelohenou (TAV Records [French label] STE 5729/1, possibly 1967)
  • "Live 10/22/74 at the Lane Sound Cube N.Y.C." (Zimrani Records Z-10-11, 1974): Uva'uh haovdim and Mimkomcho

Compilations

  • The Essential Shlomo Carlebach (Vanguard VSD 733/34, 1978: At the Village Gate & In The Palace of the King complete)
  • The Best of Shlomo Carlibach (Hed Arzi 1973, 14 songs on Cassette 1988, 2 CD)
  • להיטי זהב Shlomo Carlebach Greatest Hits (Unplugged) (3CD, CDH 597, 1999 "For sale out of North America Only")

Appears on

  • Rebuild Thy House (B'nai Bescho) (Elana Records ER-101, 1967). Ten songs composed by Rabbi Eliyahu Hartman, five sung each by Carlebach and Cantor Sholom Katz

Books

  • Holy Beggars: A Journey from Haight Street to Jerusalem, Aryae Coopersmith, 2011, One World Light, CA
  • Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach: Life, Mission, and Legacy, Natan Ophir (Offenbacher), 2014, Urim, Jerusalem
  • The Book of Love and Prayer: Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Book Collection, Zivi Ritchie, 2019
  • Holy Brother: Inspiring Stories and Enchanted Tales about Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach, Yitta Halberstam Mandelbaum, 2002, Rowman & Littlefield, MA
  • Lamed Vav: A Collection of the Favorite Stories of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach, Shlomo Carlebach (Author), Tzlotana Barbara Midlo (Compiler), 2005
  • The Torah Commentary of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach: Exodus, Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach (Author), Rabbi Shlomo Katz (Editor) 2020, Urim Publications
  • The Shlomo Carlebach Songbook, Milt Okun (Editor) 1970, Zimrani Records Inc.

See also

References

  1. ^ "The Singing Rabbi". The New York Times. October 12, 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 28, 2020.
  2. ^ "Shlomo Carlebach", Judaism.com November 7, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ "About Soul Doctor" NewYork.com 2013-11-05 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ Goldman, Ari (October 22, 1994). "Obituary". New York Times. Retrieved September 12, 2010.
  5. ^ Goldman, Ari L. (October 22, 1994). "No Headline". The New York Times.
  6. ^ "About Us", Congregation Kehilath Jacob, "The Carlebach Shul"
  7. ^ "Rabbi in recital of own competitions". Ottawa Citizen. October 25, 1975. p. 75. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
  8. ^ a b Aaron Rakeffet (1994). "Lecture by Rabbi_Aaron_Rakeffet-Rothkoff 1994-10-23". YUTorah.org. Retrieved January 25, 2010.
  9. ^ a b c Reb Shlomo Carlebach’s Early Years in New York. The Jewish Press. Nov 21, 2013
  10. ^ Steinhardt, Joanna (May 2010). "Neo-Hasids in the Land of Israel". Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions. 13 (4): 22. doi:10.1525/nr.2010.13.4.22. JSTOR 10.1525/nr.2010.13.4.22.
  11. ^ Video on YouTube
  12. ^ "Storm Brewing Over the Dybbuk". Atlanta Southern Israelite. September 3, 1954. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
  13. ^ a b Marsha Bryan Edelman (2003). . MyJewishLearning.com. Archived from the original on December 15, 2006. Retrieved February 6, 2007.
  14. ^ Friedlander, Nili (October 2, 1969). "Masach u'Masecha מסך ומסכה (Heb.)". Maariv. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
  15. ^ "Shlomo Carlebach’s life comes to the stage in ‘Soul Doctor'" (Aug 14, 2012) Jewish Journal
  16. ^ Lamentations 3:22
  17. ^ A New Dialogue with the Divine, May 26, 2009, Jewish Week, Jonathan Rosenblatt . Archived from the original on May 28, 2009. Retrieved October 26, 2009.
  18. ^ "SOUL DOCTOR: THE SHLOMO MUSICAL Returns To New Orleans For Pre-Bway Run". broadwayworld.com. November 2010.
  19. ^ a b Klug, Lisa Alcalay, Shlomo Carlebach’s life comes to the stage in ‘Soul Doctor’, JTA, 14 August 2012. 4 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 30 December 2012.
  20. ^ "Urim Publications: THE TORAH COMMENTARY OF RABBI SHLOMO CARLEBACH: Genesis, Part I".
  21. ^ http://www.shlomocarlebachfoundation.org[bare URL]
  22. ^ a b c Adam Dickter (September 9, 2004). "Facing A Mixed Legacy" (PDF). The Jewish Week. Retrieved April 26, 2010.
  23. ^ Ophir, Natan (September 30, 2020). "Analysis of Lilith's Portrayal Of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach's 'Shadowy Side'". Academia.
  24. ^ Sarah Blustain (Spring 1998). "Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach's Shadow Side". Lilith Magazine. Retrieved December 7, 2013.
  25. ^ Magid, Shaul, "Carlebach’s Broken Mirror" (1 November 2012) Tablet Magazine, Retrieved 30 December 2012
  26. ^ Ophir, Natan. "Lilith's "Shadowy Side" of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach?". blogs.timesofisrael.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  27. ^ a b "My sisters, I hear you". The Times of Israel. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
  28. ^ Goldtzvik, Sharon Rose (December 7, 2017). "Opinion | It's Time To Stop Singing Shlomo Carlebach's Songs". The Forward. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
  29. ^ Adkins, Laura E. (December 7, 2017). "Opinion | Should We Still Be Singing Shlomo Carlebach's Songs In The #MeToo Era?". The Forward. Retrieved June 14, 2018.

External links

  • Carlebach Shul
  • Carlebach Minyan
  • Yeshivat Simchat Shlomo
  • The Hevra: Shlomo Carlebach
  • Shlomo Carlebach Foundation
  • Mostly Music: Shlomo Carlebach
  • Audio recording with Shlomo Carlebach in the Online Archive of the Österreichische Mediathek (Interview in (in German) and musical performance) Retrieved 27. March 2021


shlomo, carlebach, musician, mashgiach, ruchani, yeshiva, rabbi, chaim, berlin, shlomo, carlebach, scholar, shlomo, carlebach, hebrew, שלמה, קרליבך, january, 1925, october, 1994, known, shlomo, followers, rabbi, religious, teacher, spiritual, leader, composer,. For the mashgiach ruchani of Yeshiva Rabbi Chaim Berlin see Shlomo Carlebach scholar Shlomo Carlebach Hebrew שלמה קרליבך 14 January 1925 20 October 1994 known as Reb Shlomo to his followers was a rabbi religious teacher spiritual leader composer and singer dubbed the singing rabbi during his lifetime 1 Shlomo CarlebachBorn 1925 01 14 January 14 1925Berlin GermanyDiedOctober 20 1994 1994 10 20 aged 69 New York City U S Resting placeHar HaMenuchot Jerusalem Israel31 47 52 N 35 10 44 E 31 7979 N 35 179 E 31 7979 35 179NationalityAmerican IsraeliKnown forReligious teacher composer singer musicianSpouseElaine Neila GlickChildren2 including NeshamaParentHartwig Naftali Carlebach father Although his roots lay in traditional Orthodox yeshivot he branched out to create his own style combining Hasidic Judaism warmth and personal interaction public concerts and song filled synagogue services At various times he lived in Manhattan San Francisco Toronto and a Moshav he founded Mevo Modi im Israel Carlebach is the subject of Soul Doctor a musical that debuted on Broadway in 2013 Carlebach is considered by many to be the foremost Jewish religious songwriter of the 20th century 2 3 Carlebach was also considered a pioneer of the Baal teshuva movement returnees to Judaism encouraging disenchanted Jewish youth to re embrace their heritage using his special style of enlightened teaching and his melodies songs and highly inspiring story telling Following his death numerous accusations of sexual abuse were levied against him published in Lilith Magazine Contents 1 Biography 2 Music career 3 Death and legacy 4 Controversy 5 Discography 6 Books 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksBiography EditCarlebach was descended from old rabbinical dynasties in pre Holocaust Germany The Carlebach family is a Jewish family originally from Germany that now lives in several countries He was born in 1925 in Berlin where his father Hartwig Naftali Carlebach 1889 1967 was an Orthodox rabbi 4 He had a twin brother Rabbi Eli Chaim Carlebach and a sister Shulamith Levovitz 5 His family left Germany in 1931 and lived in Baden bei Wien Austria and by 1933 in Switzerland 6 Carlebach studied at Yeshiva Torah Vodaath and Yeshiva Rabbi Chaim Berlin in Brooklyn New York and Beth Medrash Gevoha in Lakewood New Jersey 7 His teachers included rabbis Shlomo Heiman and Aharon Kotler He was considered one of Kotler s best students 8 During his yeshiva studies he was often asked to lead the services as a hazzan cantor citation needed He received semikha rabbinic ordination from Yitzchak Hutner In 1950 Carlebach set up a small Torah learning group called T S G G pronounced TASGIG an acronym for Taste And See God Is Good 9 That year Carlebach attended a Hebrew language ulpan class at the Jewish Theological Seminary JTS where he played hasidic melodies on the piano Sara Schafler Kelman heard his singing and invited Carlebach to sing chasidic tunes at the Hillel Center on Convent Avenue Schafler prepared a poster for the event entitled The Place of Music in the Hassidic Tradition This was Carlebach s first invited performance Years later Carlebach said to Schafler Kelman You gave me a title for my life s work 9 In 1951 Carlebach began learning English in a special program at Columbia University having previously spoken mainly Yiddish Becoming fluent in English only at the age of 26 he developed an unusual grammar mixing Yiddish and English that became his hallmark and later influenced the language of his followers as well as many other members of the neo hassidic movement 9 Carlebach became a disciple of Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn the sixth rebbe of the Chabad Lubavitch movement 10 From 1951 to 1954 he worked briefly as one of the first emissaries shluchim of Menachem Mendel Schneerson the seventh Lubavitcher rebbe who urged him to use his special skills and go to college campuses to reconnect Jews to Judaism but would later disapprove of the non traditional tactics he used 8 Carlebach left the movement in 1954 In 1972 he married Elaine Neila Glick a teacher They had two daughters Nedara Dari and Neshama Neshama Carlebach is a songwriter and singer in her own right basing herself on her father s style and name Music career Edit Shlomo Carlebach left Carlebach began writing songs at the end of the 1950s primarily based on verses from the Tanakh or the Siddur set to his own music Although he composed thousands of songs he could not read musical notes Many of his soulful renderings of Torah verses became standards in the wider Jewish community including Am Yisrael Chai The Nation of Israel Lives composed on behalf of the plight of Soviet Jewry in the mid 1960s Pitchu Li Open for Me the Gates of Righteousness and Borchi Nafshi May My Soul Bless God Carlebach was recording well before this and was invited to the festival by one of its organizers after she heard a recording of Carlebach 11 In 1954 the Atlanta Southern Israelite reported that Carlebach was named as the technical advisor for a production of The Dybbuk Carlebach was to advise on the music used in the theatrical production 12 He became known as The Singing Rabbi Some Carlebach melodies were entered in Israel s annual Hasidic Song Festival 13 In 1969 his song Ve haer Eneinu sung by the Shlosharim won third prize 14 The Hasidic festivals were a yearly event that helped to popularize his music He also produced albums with a more liturgical sound Some of the musicians he worked with during this period added a psychedelic tinge and a wider range of backup instrumentation Carlebach now spent much of his time in Israel living in Moshav Me or Modi im Carlebach s songs were characterized by relatively short melodies and traditional lyrics His new tunes were easy to learn and became part of the prayer services in many synagogues around the world 13 Carlebach returned to New York City where as part of his performances he spoke of inspirational subjects rooted in Hasidism and Kabbalah Some of his teachings have been published by his students and appear alongside his recorded songs Carlebach spread the teachings of Peshischa Chabad and Breslov and popularized the writings of among others the rebbe of Ishbitz Mordechai Yosef Leiner and rebbe Kalonymus Kalman Shapira of Piasetzno Carlebach became the rabbi of the Carlebach Shul on West 79th Street He continued to perform regularly at concerts and to record various albums of his original melodies On February 27 2022 Carlebach was posthumously inducted with the inaugural class of the Jewish Music Hall of Fame citation needed Death and legacy Edit Carlebach s graveCarlebach died of a heart attack on his way to Canada while the plane was still on the ground at LaGuardia Airport in New York 15 The Hebrew date was 16 Cheshvan 5755 His body was flown to Israel for burial at Har HaMenuchot During the funeral the mourners sang Carlebach s songs including Chasdei Hashem Ki Lo Samnu 16 Israel s Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi Yisrael Meir Lau gave a eulogy An annual memorial service is held at his grave on the 16th of Cheshvan Additional memorial events take place throughout Israel and around the world According to Rabbi Jonathan Rosenblatt Carlebach changed the expectations of the prayer experience from decorous and sombre to uplifting and ecstatic as he captivated generations with elemental melodies and stories of miraculous human saintliness modesty and unselfishness 17 Since his death Carlebach s music has been incorporated in the services of many synagogues some of which conduct Carlebach minyanim A musical written about his life Soul Doctor by Daniel Wise was presented off Broadway in 2008 and New Orleans in 2010 and was received with critical acclaim 18 The musical had a brief off Broadway run as a guest attraction at New York Theatre Workshop in the Summer of 2012 19 and earned Eric Anderson a Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actor in a Musical nomination for his portrayal of Shlomo Carlebach Soul Doctor opened on Broadway August 15 2013 A documentary film about Carlebach directed by Boaz Shahak You Never Know was released at the Jerusalem Film Festival in 2008 The Torah Commentary of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach is a series of books based on his teachings 20 The Shlomo Carlebach Foundation was established to preserve and disseminate the teachings music and stories of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach and to develop communities that will share the love and joy which he radiated 21 Controversy EditCarlebach s approach towards keiruv the popular Hebrew term for Orthodox Jewish outreach was often tinged with controversy 19 Put most favorably He operated outside traditional Jewish structures in style and substance and spoke about God and His love in a way that could make other rabbis uncomfortable 22 After his death Lilith magazine a Jewish feminist publication catalogued allegations of sexual impropriety against him 23 Specifically named accusers are quoted in this article as well as unnamed sources and Jewish communal leaders with knowledge of the allegations 22 24 However even in his lifetime Carlebach was approached about these matters Lilith reports that people present when he was confronted say he acknowledged impropriety expressed regret and agreed that to some degree his behavior needed to change The article indicates that most in Carlebach s circles were uncomfortable voicing their accusations at the time leading to a widespread policy of silence which had in part enabled his continued offenses Since his death many others have come forward with allegations that Carlebach solicited them touched them during dancing or on private walks Some of the alleged offenses were toward young women teenagers in camps or youth group retreats Some of his older accusers point out that they were approached by him at a time in their lives when they were particularly vulnerable as many of them were transitioning into Jewish life and practice and as such undergoing large changes in their lives As their sole spiritual leader at the time Carlebach held a lot of potential power over them Most of his offenses were unexpected and undesired touching or telephone calls in the middle of the night which his accusers describe as disturbing but also as odd The Lilith article says that for many his legacy is mixed Even many of his victims state that he still had great positive impact on their lives despite the irreparable hurt he caused and that had his problem been more public and more help been available to him it is possible he would have willingly sought it His followers reject these accusations and say that it is unfair to accuse him after his death 22 25 26 However accusations had already been made as early as the 1970s 27 Especially in light of the metoo movement some have begun to question whether Jewish communities should still use his music 28 29 In January 2018 his daughter Neshama wrote an open letter to the women who were harmed by Carlebach She wrote I accept the fullness of who my father was flaws and all I am angry with him And I refuse to see his faults as the totality of who he was 27 Discography EditAlbums הנשמה לך Haneshama Lach Songs of My Soul Zimra Records ZR 201 1959 re released in 2002 by Estate of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Restoration Edition Sojourn Records SR 013 ברכי נפשי Borchi Nafshi Sing My Heart Zimra Records ZR 202 1960 re released in 2004 by Estate of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Restoration Edition Sojourn Records SR 014 12 Songs composed and sung by Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach with choir and orchestra arranged and conducted by Milton Okun Shlomo Carlebach Sings Galton 1962 recorded live later re released as Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Sings by the Estate of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Restoration Edition Sameach Music NDS200CD פתחו לי שערי צדק At The Village Gate Vanguard VRS 9116 1963 מקדש מלך In The Palace of the King Vanguard VRS 9192 mono VSD 79192 stereo 1965 Shlomo Carlebach with chorus and symphony orchestra arranged and conducted by Benedict Silberman שפכי כמים לבך Wake Up World Zimrani Records ZR 203 1965 Original Songs Composed and Sung by Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach with Chorus and Orchestra Arranged and Conducted by Milton Okun I Heard the Wall Singing Vol 1 Greater Recording Co GRC112 1968 I Heard the Wall Singing Vol 2 Greater Recording Co GRC114 1968 Vehaer Eynenu Hed Arzi 1969 Shlomo Carlebach Live Let There Be Peace Preiser 1973 recorded in Vienna Uvnei Yerushalayim 6 Million in Heaven 3 Million in Hell Menorah 1974 Together with Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Hed Arzi 1974 Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Live in Concert Yisrael B tach BaShem Y amp Y Productions 1974 recorded in Brooklyn Shlomo Carlebach amp the Children of Jewish Song sing Ani Maamin Emes Records 1975 Live in Tel Aviv Heichal HaTarbut Hed Arzi 1976 Days Are Coming Embassy Hal Roach Studios 1979 re released by Estate of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Restoration Edition Sojourn Records SR 016 L Kovod Shabbos Sound Path Records 1980 Even Ma asu HaBonim 1981 Nachamu Nachamu Ami 2 vol Rare Productions 1983 Live in Concert Holyland 1984 recorded in Brooklyn Live in England Menorah 1988 Shvochin Asader 1988 Live in Concert for the Jews of Russia NCSY Toronto 1988 recorded in Toronto Shlomo Sings with the Children of Israel Hiney Anochi V hayeladim 1989 Shlomo Carlebach at Festival Arad 1992 Shabbos with Shlomo 1992 A Melave Malka in Notting Hill 1995 recorded 1 16 1993 Shlomo s Greatest Stories 2 vol 1993 Shuva 1994 later packaged in 2 vol cassette set Sweetest Friends Shabbos in Shomayim The Last Album 1994 Posthumous ambiguously timed releases Last Shabbos in Galus Aderet SCG300 Carlebach in Jerusalem Al Eileh Noam 1995 The Gift of Shabbos 1995 originally packaged in 2 vol cassette set Sweetest Friends Open Your Hearts Music Made From The Soul Vol 1 1986 Recordings Holy Brothers and Sisters Music Made From The Soul Vol 2 1986 Recordings HaNeshama Shel Shlomo with Neshama Carlebach Songs of Peace Live performance 1975 Live In South Africa Live in Johannesburg 1986 2 CD Live In Memphis 2020 streaming Singles Am Israel Chai and Ein Kelohenou TAV Records French label STE 5729 1 possibly 1967 Live 10 22 74 at the Lane Sound Cube N Y C Zimrani Records Z 10 11 1974 Uva uh haovdim and MimkomchoCompilations The Essential Shlomo Carlebach Vanguard VSD 733 34 1978 At the Village Gate amp In The Palace of the King complete The Best of Shlomo Carlibach Hed Arzi 1973 14 songs on Cassette 1988 2 CD להיטי זהב Shlomo Carlebach Greatest Hits Unplugged 3CD CDH 597 1999 For sale out of North America Only Appears on Rebuild Thy House B nai Bescho Elana Records ER 101 1967 Ten songs composed by Rabbi Eliyahu Hartman five sung each by Carlebach and Cantor Sholom KatzBooks EditHoly Beggars A Journey from Haight Street to Jerusalem Aryae Coopersmith 2011 One World Light CA Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Life Mission and Legacy Natan Ophir Offenbacher 2014 Urim Jerusalem The Book of Love and Prayer Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Book Collection Zivi Ritchie 2019 Holy Brother Inspiring Stories and Enchanted Tales about Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Yitta Halberstam Mandelbaum 2002 Rowman amp Littlefield MA Lamed Vav A Collection of the Favorite Stories of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Shlomo Carlebach Author Tzlotana Barbara Midlo Compiler 2005 The Torah Commentary of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Exodus Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach Author Rabbi Shlomo Katz Editor 2020 Urim Publications The Shlomo Carlebach Songbook Milt Okun Editor 1970 Zimrani Records Inc See also EditEphraim Carlebach Hartwig Naftali Carlebach Carlebach minyan Carlebach movement Baal teshuva movement Nigun Neo HasidismReferences Edit The Singing Rabbi The New York Times October 12 1964 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved January 28 2020 Shlomo Carlebach Judaism com Archived November 7 2014 at the Wayback Machine About Soul Doctor NewYork com Archived 2013 11 05 at the Wayback Machine Goldman Ari October 22 1994 Obituary New York Times Retrieved September 12 2010 Goldman Ari L October 22 1994 No Headline The New York Times About Us Congregation Kehilath Jacob The Carlebach Shul Rabbi in recital of own competitions Ottawa Citizen October 25 1975 p 75 Retrieved March 11 2010 a b Aaron Rakeffet 1994 Lecture by Rabbi Aaron Rakeffet Rothkoff 1994 10 23 YUTorah org Retrieved January 25 2010 a b c Reb Shlomo Carlebach s Early Years in New York The Jewish Press Nov 21 2013 Steinhardt Joanna May 2010 Neo Hasids in the Land of Israel Nova Religio The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions 13 4 22 doi 10 1525 nr 2010 13 4 22 JSTOR 10 1525 nr 2010 13 4 22 Video on YouTube Storm Brewing Over the Dybbuk Atlanta Southern Israelite September 3 1954 Retrieved February 4 2022 a b Marsha Bryan Edelman 2003 Reinventing Hasidic Music Shlomo Carlebach MyJewishLearning com Archived from the original on December 15 2006 Retrieved February 6 2007 Friedlander Nili October 2 1969 Masach u Masecha מסך ומסכה Heb Maariv Retrieved October 22 2019 Shlomo Carlebach s life comes to the stage in Soul Doctor Aug 14 2012 Jewish Journal Lamentations 3 22 A New Dialogue with the Divine May 26 2009 Jewish Week Jonathan Rosenblatt A New Dialogue with the Divine Archived from the original on May 28 2009 Retrieved October 26 2009 SOUL DOCTOR THE SHLOMO MUSICAL Returns To New Orleans For Pre Bway Run broadwayworld com November 2010 a b Klug Lisa Alcalay Shlomo Carlebach s life comes to the stage in Soul Doctor JTA 14 August 2012 Archived 4 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 30 December 2012 Urim Publications THE TORAH COMMENTARY OF RABBI SHLOMO CARLEBACH Genesis Part I http www shlomocarlebachfoundation org bare URL a b c Adam Dickter September 9 2004 Facing A Mixed Legacy PDF The Jewish Week Retrieved April 26 2010 Ophir Natan September 30 2020 Analysis of Lilith s Portrayal Of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach s Shadowy Side Academia Sarah Blustain Spring 1998 Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach s Shadow Side Lilith Magazine Retrieved December 7 2013 Magid Shaul Carlebach s Broken Mirror 1 November 2012 Tablet Magazine Retrieved 30 December 2012 Ophir Natan Lilith s Shadowy Side of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach blogs timesofisrael com Retrieved November 8 2020 a b My sisters I hear you The Times of Israel Retrieved June 14 2018 Goldtzvik Sharon Rose December 7 2017 Opinion It s Time To Stop Singing Shlomo Carlebach s Songs The Forward Retrieved June 14 2018 Adkins Laura E December 7 2017 Opinion Should We Still Be Singing Shlomo Carlebach s Songs In The MeToo Era The Forward Retrieved June 14 2018 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Shlomo Carlebach musician Carlebach Shul Carlebach Minyan Yeshivat Simchat Shlomo The Hevra Shlomo Carlebach Shlomo Carlebach Foundation Mostly Music Shlomo Carlebach Audio recording with Shlomo Carlebach in the Online Archive of the Osterreichische Mediathek Interview in in German and musical performance Retrieved 27 March 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Shlomo Carlebach musician amp oldid 1159186010, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, 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