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British royal family

January 07, 2023

This article is about the family of Charles III. For the British monarchy itself, see Monarchy of the United Kingdom.

The British royal family comprises King Charles III and his close relations. There is no strict legal or formal definition of who is or is not a member, although the Royal Household has issued different lists outlining who is a part of the royal family.[1][2] They support the monarch in undertaking public engagements and often pursue charitable work and interests. The royal family are regarded as British cultural icons.

The royal family on the balcony of Buckingham Palace after the annual Trooping the Colour in 2013

Members

See also: List of members of the House of Windsor
Further information: Family tree of the British royal family

The lord chamberlain's "List of the Royal Family" published in 2020 mentions all of King George VI's descendants and their spouses (including Sarah, Duchess of York, who is divorced), along with Queen Elizabeth II's cousins with royal rank and their spouses.[2] The lord chamberlain's list applies for the purposes of regulating the use of royal symbols and images of the family.[3] Meanwhile, the website of the royal family provides a list of "Members of the Royal Family"; those listed correspond to the royal family members mentioned and pictured below, with the exception of Princess Beatrice, Princess Eugenie, the Duchess of Kent, and Prince and Princess Michael of Kent.[4]

Current British royal family tree
King George V
†		Queen Mary
†
King Edward VIII
†		Wallis, Duchess of Windsor
†		King George VI
†		Queen Elizabeth
†		Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester
†		Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester
†		Prince George, Duke of Kent
†		Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent
†
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
†		Queen Elizabeth II
†		Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon
†		Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon
†		The Duke of Gloucester
(30)		The Duchess of GloucesterThe Duke of Kent
(40)		The Duchess of KentSir Angus Ogilvy
†		Princess Alexandra
(56)		Prince Michael of Kent
(51)		Princess Michael of Kent
Diana, Princess of Wales
†		The KingThe Queen consortMark PhillipsThe Princess Royal
(16)		Sir Timothy LaurenceThe Duke of York
(8)		Sarah, Duchess of YorkThe Earl of Wessex and Forfar
(13)		The Countess of Wessex and ForfarThe Earl of Snowdon
(24)		The Countess of SnowdonDaniel ChattoLady Sarah Chatto
(27)
The Prince of Wales
(1)		The Princess of WalesThe Duke of Sussex
(5)		The Duchess of SussexPeter Phillips
(17)		Autumn PhillipsZara Tindall
(20)		Michael TindallEdoardo Mapelli MozziPrincess Beatrice
(9)		Jack BrooksbankPrincess Eugenie
(11)		Lady Louise
(15)		Viscount Severn
(14)		Viscount Linley
(25)		Lady Margarita Armstrong-Jones
(26)		Samuel Chatto
(28)		Arthur Chatto
(29)
Prince George of Wales
(2)		Princess Charlotte of Wales
(3)		Prince Louis of Wales
(4)		Archie Mountbatten-Windsor
(6)		Lilibet Mountbatten-Windsor
(7)		Savannah Phillips
(18)		Isla Phillips
(19)		Mia Tindall
(21)		Lena Tindall
(22)		Lucas Tindall
(23)		Sienna Mapelli Mozzi
(10)		August Brooksbank
(12)

Notes

  • Numbers in brackets indicate places in the line of succession.[6][7][8]
  • Boxes indicate living individuals with royal titles and styles.
  • Purple indicates living individuals listed or described as members of the royal family on the official website.[9]
  • Boldface indicates living individuals listed as members of the royal family in Lord Chamberlain's Diamond Jubilee Guidelines in 2012,[10]
  • Italics indicate individuals born or married into the family after the Diamond Jubilee.
  • Dashed lines indicate married couples, dotted lines divorced couples.[7]
  • Dagger (†) indicates deceased individuals.

Titles and surnames

 
Marriage certificate of Elizabeth Windsor and Philip Mountbatten, signed by members of the royal family

The monarch's children and grandchildren (if they are children of the monarch's sons), and the children of the eldest son of the Prince of Wales are automatically entitled to be known as prince or princess with the style His or Her Royal Highness (HRH).[11] Peerages, often dukedoms, are bestowed upon most princes prior to marriage.[12][13] Peter Phillips and Zara Tindall, children of the King's sister, Princess Anne, are therefore not prince and princess. Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor and James Mountbatten-Windsor, Viscount Severn, though entitled to the dignity, are not called prince and princess as their parents, the Earl and Countess of Wessex, wanted them to have more modest titles.[11] The King reportedly wants to reduce the number of titled members of the royal family.[14]

By tradition, wives of male members of the royal family share their husbands' title and style.[15] Princesses by marriage do not have the title prefixed to their own name[11] but to their husband's; for example, the wife of Prince Michael of Kent is Princess Michael of Kent.[15] Sons of monarchs are customarily given dukedoms upon marriage, and these peerage titles pass to their eldest sons.[15]

Male-line descendants of King George V, including women until they marry, bear the surname Windsor. The surname of the male-line descendants of Queen Elizabeth II, except for women who marry, is Mountbatten-Windsor, reflecting the name taken by her Greek-born husband, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, upon his naturalisation. A surname is generally not needed by members of the royal family who are entitled to the titles of prince or princess and the style His or Her Royal Highness. Such individuals use surnames on official documents such as marriage registers.[16]

Public role

 
The Princess Royal meeting members of the public in Paisley, Renfrewshire

During the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, official duties were undertaken on her behalf by her children and their spouses, grandchildren and their spouses, and cousins and their spouses. Among her cousins, only the children of King George V's sons carry out royal engagements. The family supported the Queen in her state and national duties, with the exception of constitutional functions.[17][18]

If the sovereign is indisposed, two counsellors of state are required to fulfil his role, with those notionally eligible being restricted to the Queen Consort, the Prince of Wales, the Duke of Sussex, the Duke of York and Princess Beatrice.[18]

Each year the family "carries out over 2,000 official engagements throughout the UK and worldwide", entertaining 70,000 guests and answering 100,000 letters.[17][19] Engagements include state funerals, national festivities, garden parties, receptions, and visits to the Armed Forces.[17] Many members have served in the Armed Forces themselves, including the King's brothers and sons.[20][19] Engagements are recorded in the Court Circular, a list of daily appointments and events attended by the royal family.[21] Public appearances are often accompanied by walkabouts, where royals greet and converse with members of the public outside events.[22]

Annual events attended by the royal family include the State Opening of Parliament, Trooping the Colour, and the National Service of Remembrance.[18] According to historian Robert Lacey, Elizabeth II once said that investitures of the honours recipients are the most important thing she does.[23] Besides the King, Prince William and Princess Anne also perform investitures.[24][18] Family members represent the King on official visits and tours to other countries as ambassadors to foster diplomatic relations.[20][19][25] They have also attended Commonwealth meetings on the monarch's behalf.[18] The royal family also participates in state visits on the advice of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, which includes the welcoming of dignitaries and a formal banquet.[26] Journalist James Forsyth has referred to the family as "soft power assets".[27]

Given the royal family's public role and activities, it is sometimes referred to by courtiers as "The Firm", a term that originated with George VI.[28][29] Members of the royal family are politically and commercially independent, avoiding conflict of interest with their public roles.[30] The royal family are considered British cultural icons, with young adults from abroad naming the family among a group of people who they most associated with British culture.[31] Members are expected to promote British industry.[32] Royals are typically members of the Church of England, headed by the monarch. When in Scotland they attend the Church of Scotland as members and some have served as Lord High Commissioner to the Church of Scotland.[33][34]

Members of the royal family are patrons for approximately 3,000 charities,[19] and have also started their own nonprofit organisations.[20] The King started The Prince's Trust, which helps young people in the UK that are disadvantaged.[35] Princess Anne started The Princess Royal Trust for Carers, which helps unpaid carers, giving them emotional support and information about benefit claims and disability aids.[36] The Earl and Countess of Wessex founded the Wessex Youth Trust, since renamed The Earl and Countess of Wessex Charitable Trust, in 1999.[37] The Prince and Princess of Wales are founding patrons of The Royal Foundation, whose projects revolve around mental health, conservation, early childhood, and emergency responders.[38]

In 2019, following the negative reactions to the "Prince Andrew & the Epstein Scandal" interview, the Duke of York was forced to resign from public roles; the retirement became permanent in 2020.[39] The Duke and Duchess of Sussex permanently withdrew from royal duties in early 2020.[40] Following these departures, there is a shortage of royal family members to cover the increasing number of patronages and engagements.[5]

Media and criticism

See also: Royal Rota and Never complain, never explain

Royal biographer Penny Junor says that the royal family has presented itself "as the model family" since the 1930s.[5] Author Edward Owen wrote that during the Second World War, the monarchy sought an image of a "more informal and vulnerable family" that had a unifying effect on the nation during instability.[41] In 1992, the Princess Royal and her husband Mark Phillips divorced; the Prince and Princess of Wales separated; a biography detailing the Princess's bulimia and self-harming was published; her private telephone conversations surfaced, as did the Prince's intimate telephone conversations with his lover, Camilla Parker Bowles; the Duke and Duchess of York separated; and photographs of the topless Duchess having her toes sucked by another man appeared in tabloids. Historian Robert Lacey said that this "put paid to any claim to being a model of family life". The scandals contributed to the public's unwillingness to pay for the repairs to Windsor Castle after the 1992 fire. A further "PR disaster" was the royal family's initial response to the death of Diana, Princess of Wales, in 1997.[23]

In the 1990s, the royal family formed the Way Ahead Group, made up of senior family members and advisers and headed by Elizabeth II, in a quest to change in accordance with public opinion.[23][42] The 2011 wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton led to a "tide of goodwill", and by Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee in 2012 the royal family's image had recovered.[23] A 2019 YouGov poll showed that two-thirds of British people were in favour of maintaining the royal family.[43] The role and public relations of the extended royal family again came under increased scrutiny due to the Duke of York's friendship with convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein and allegations of sexual abuse, along with his unapologetic conduct in the 2019 interview about these subjects and subsequent 2021 lawsuit.[44][45][46] In June 2019, the royal family, several members of which advocate for environmental causes, faced criticism after it was revealed that they "had doubled [their] carbon footprint from business travel".[47]

In a 2021 interview, the Duchess of Sussex, who is of biracial heritage, relayed second-hand that there had been "concerns and conversations" within the royal family about the skin colour of their son, Archie Mountbatten-Windsor, while the Duke of Sussex stated it was a single instance.[48] The interview received a mixed reaction from the British public and media, and several of their claims were called into question.[49][50] The Duke of Cambridge said the royal family were "very much not a racist family". In June 2021, documents revealed that "coloured immigrants or foreigners" were banned by Elizabeth II's chief financial manager at the time from working for the family as clerks in the 1960s, prompting black studies professor Kehinde Andrews to state that "the royal family has a terrible record on race".[48] In response, the palace stated that it complied "in principle and in practice" with anti-discrimination legislation, and that second-hand claims of "conversations from over 50 years ago should not be used to draw or infer conclusions about modern-day events or operations."[51] In March 2022 and during the Caribbean tour of the then Duke and Duchess of Cambridge as part of the Queen's Platinum Jubilee celebrations, the family encountered criticism from a number of political figures and the press, given their past connections to colonialism and the Atlantic slave trade via the Royal African Company.[52][53] Reparations for slavery emerged as a major demand of protesters during the couple's visit.[54] Both the then Prince of Wales and Duke of Cambridge have condemned slavery in their speeches,[55][56] and the Prince has described acknowledging the wrongs of the past as a necessity for the Commonwealth countries to realise their potential.[57]

Historically, the royal family and the media have benefited from each other; the family used the press to communicate with the public, while the media used the family to attract readers and viewers.[58] With the advent of television, however, the media started paying less respect to the royal family's privacy.[23] Princes William and Harry have had informal arrangements with the press whereby they would be left alone by the paparazzi during their education in return for invitations to staged photograph opportunities. William has continued the practice with his family posts on Instagram. Relations between the media and British royals have been destabilized by the rise of the digital media, with the quantity of articles becoming paramount toward gaining advertising revenue, with neither side able to exercise control.[58] In the 2000s, the phones of Prince William and Catherine Middleton, and Prince Harry and his then-girlfriend Chelsy Davy, were hacked multiple times by media outlets, most notably by a private investigator working for a News of the World journalist.[59][60] A 2021 BBC documentary suggested that briefings and counter-briefings from different royal households was the reason behind the negative coverage about members of the royal family. Buckingham Palace, Clarence House and Kensington Palace, which represented the Queen, the then Prince of Wales and Duke of Cambridge respectively, described these suggestions as "overblown and unfounded claims".[61]

Funding

Main article: Finances of the British royal family
 
The Duchess of Cambridge, escorted by security officers, meets with Sir Michael Dixon

Senior members of the royal family, who represent the monarch, draw their income from public funds known as the sovereign grant.[62] The sovereign grant is an annual payment of the British government to the monarch. It comes from the revenues of the Crown Estate, which are commercial properties owned by the Crown. It is common belief amongst the British public that funding for the royal family comes from taxpayers' money, but this is not the case. The revenue of the crown estate actually far exceeds the amount provided in the sovereign grant.[63][64] Members of the royal family who receive money from the sovereign grant must be accountable to the public for it and are not allowed to make money from their name.[62]

The security of the royal family is not paid from the sovereign grant but is usually met instead by the Metropolitan Police.[65] The royal family, the Home Office, and the Metropolitan Police decide which members have a right to taxpayer-funded police security. Extended members do not retain automatic right to protection; in 2011, Princesses Beatrice and Eugenie ceased receiving police security.[14][66]

Residences

Main article: List of British royal residences
 
Elizabeth II hosting Barack and Michelle Obama at Buckingham Palace in 2009

The monarch's official residence in London is Buckingham Palace.[64] Announcements of the births and deaths of members of the royal family are traditionally attached to its front railings.[67] Queen Elizabeth II's Scottish residence was the Palace of Holyroodhouse, where she resided at the beginning of each summer.[68] While in Northern Ireland, Hillsborough Castle serves as a residence for members of the royal family.[68]

Clarence House served as the official residence of Charles III when he was Prince of Wales from 2003 until he inherited the throne on 8 September 2022.[64] Another London residence of his when Prince of Wales was St James's Palace, which he shared with the Princess Royal and Princess Alexandra.[69] Princess Alexandra also resides at Thatched House Lodge in Richmond.[70] The King also privately owns Sandringham House in Norfolk and Balmoral Castle in Aberdeenshire, which are his personal property. He inherited them from Elizabeth II upon her death.

The Prince and Princess of Wales and the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester have their residences and offices at apartments in Kensington Palace, London.[71][72] The Duke and Duchess of Kent reside in Wren House in the grounds of Kensington Palace.[73] The Duke and Duchess of Sussex's official residence in the United Kingdom is Frogmore Cottage, near Windsor. [74][75] The Duke of York lives at the Royal Lodge in Windsor Great Park, while the Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar reside at Bagshot Park in Surrey.[76][77]

See also

References

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  2. ^ a b "List of the Royal Family" (PDF). royal.gov.uk. (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
  3. ^ "Use of Royal Arms, Names and Images". royal.gov.uk. from the original on 29 October 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
  4. ^ "Royal Family". royal.gov.uk. from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
  5. ^ a b c d e Davies, Caroline (21 April 2021). "Sophie and Edward: what key role after death of Prince Philip could mean". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  6. ^ "Succession". royal.uk. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
  7. ^ a b "Who's who in the House of Windsor: Queen Elizabeth II's line of succession". CNN. 7 June 2021. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  8. ^ "The Line Of Succession". www.debretts.com. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
  9. ^ "The Royal Family". royal.uk. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
  10. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2013.
  11. ^ a b c Boyle, Christina (10 May 2019). "Archie, the newest British royal family member, has no title. Here's why (we think)". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  12. ^ Abraham, Ellie. "How Do British Royals Get Their Titles?". The Independent. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  13. ^ Abrams, Maragret. "What is a duke? And how is the title different from a prince?". Evening Standard. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  14. ^ a b Davies, Caroline (8 March 2021). "Was Meghan's son Archie denied the title 'prince' because he's mixed race?". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  15. ^ a b c "FAQs - Prince Michael of Kent". www.princemichael.org.uk. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
  16. ^ "The Royal Family name". The Royal Family. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
  17. ^ a b c "The role of the Royal Family". The Royal Family. 23 March 2016. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
  18. ^ a b c d e Davies, Caroline (29 October 2021). "The royal we: subtle transition as ageing Queen devolves more duties". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  19. ^ a b c d Praderio, Caroline. "Here's What The Royal Family Actually Does Every Day". The Independent. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  20. ^ a b c "UK Royal Family: Who is in it and how does it work?". BBC. 9 April 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  21. ^ Said-Moorhouse, Laure. "The Queen returns to royal duties following Prince Philip's death". CNN. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  22. ^ Lam, Katherine. "Queen Elizabeth's daughter Princess Anne explains why she doesn't shake fans' hands". Fox News. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  23. ^ a b c d e Davies, Caroline (24 May 2012). "How the royal family bounced back from its 'annus horribilis'". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
  24. ^ "Investitures". The Royal Family. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
  25. ^ "Royal diplomacy to play key role in life after Brexit". ITV News. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  26. ^ "State Visits". The Royal Family. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  27. ^ Forsyth, James (13 August 2021). "Britain needs the royal family more than ever". The Times. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  28. ^ O'Gara, Eilish (12 June 2015). "Financing the firm: how the royal family make their money". Newsweek. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  29. ^ Culbertson, Alix. "Harry and Meghan: What is 'the firm' and how does the Royal Family work?". Sky News. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  30. ^ Jack Guy, Max Foster and Lauren Said-Moorhouse (4 June 2021). "The Firm: Britain's royal 'institution' explained". CNN. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  31. ^ "Culture, attraction and soft power" (PDF). British Council. 12 December 2016. (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2015.
  32. ^ Baker, Lindsey. "How royal women have shaped fashion". BBC. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  33. ^ Booth, William. "How the Church of England has shifted on divorce, from Henry VIII to Meghan Markle". Washington Post. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  34. ^ "The Queen, the Church and other faiths". The Royal Family. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  35. ^ "Our history | The Prince's Trust". www.princes-trust.org.uk. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
  36. ^ A. carercentre.com. Archived from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
  37. ^ "The Earl and Countess of Wessex Charitable Trust". Charity Commission for England and Wales. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  38. ^ "Our Work". The Royal Foundation. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  39. ^ Nikkhah, Roya (21 May 2020). "Prince Andrew didn't think it was all over, but it is now". The Times. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
  40. ^ "Harry and Meghan not returning as working members of Royal Family". BBC. 19 February 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
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  42. ^ Reynolds, Paul. "Royal Family's changing guard". BBC. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
  43. ^ Anthony, Andrew (14 March 2021). "The monarchy: so what are they for?". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  44. ^ Williamson, Harriet (4 September 2020). "Why Do Royals Get Away With So Much?". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
  45. ^ Haynes, Suyin (21 November 2019). "Prince Andrew Faced Questions About Jeffrey Epstein for Years. Here's Why the Royal Family Finally Reacted". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
  46. ^ Max Foster, Lauren Said-Moorehouse. "The civil suit against Prince Andrew has wider implications for the British royal family". CNN. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  47. ^ Britton, Bianca (25 June 2019). "Britain's royal family doubles carbon emissions from travel". CNN. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  48. ^ a b McGee, Luke (3 June 2021). "Britain's royals have denied being a racist family. Archived papers reveal recent racist past". CNN. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
  49. ^ "Meghan and Harry's Oprah interview revealed cultural divide between U.K. and America". NBC News.
  50. ^ "Meghan and Harry's interview with Oprah draws mixed reaction in Britain". CBS News. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
  51. ^ Kirka, Danica (3 June 2021). "Buckingham Palace barred nonwhites from office jobs in the 1960s, report says". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
  52. ^ "Caribbean tour: Prince William says future is for the people to decide". BBC News. 27 March 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
  53. ^ Thomas, Tobi (23 March 2022). "What are the British monarchy's historical links to slavery?". The Guardian.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  54. ^ White, Nadine (26 March 2022). "Belize signals intention to remove Queen as head of state following royal visit". The Independent. Retrieved 27 March 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  55. ^ Mills, Rhiannon (30 November 2021). "Barbados: Prince Charles acknowledges 'appalling' history of slavery as island becomes a republic". Sky News. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  56. ^ "Prince William shares 'profound sorrow' over slavery in Jamaica speech". BBC. 24 March 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  57. ^ "Prince Charles tells Commonwealth of sorrow over slavery". BBC. 24 June 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
  58. ^ a b Taylor, Alex (11 March 2021). "Harry and Meghan: What's the media's 'invisible contract' with British royalty?". CNN. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
  59. ^ "Phone-hacking trial: Kate Middleton 'hacked 155 times'". BBC. 14 May 2014. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
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  61. ^ Lee, Dulcie; Coughlan, Sean (23 November 2021). "The Princes and the Press: BBC responds to claims against documentary". BBC. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
  62. ^ a b Guy, Jack; Foster, Max; Said-Moorhouse, Lauren (4 June 2021). "The Firm: Britain's royal 'institution' explained". CNN. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
  63. ^ Edgington, Tom (24 June 2021). "Royal finances: Where does the Queen get her money?". BBC. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  64. ^ a b c "UK Royal Family: Who is in it and how does it work?". BBC. 9 April 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
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Further reading

  • Burke's Guide to the Royal Family. Burke's Peerage, 1973.
  • Cannon, John Ashton. The Oxford Illustrated History of the British Monarchy. Oxford University Press, 1988.
  • Churchill, Randolph S. They Serve the Queen: A New and Authoritative Account of the Royal Household ("Prepared for Coronation Year"). Hutchinson, 1953.
  • Fraser, Antonia (ed). The Lives of the Kings & Queens of England. Revised & updated edition. University of California Press, 1998.
  • Hayden, Ilse. Symbol and Privilege: The Ritual Context of British Royalty. University of Arizona Press, 1987.
  • Longford, Elizabeth Harman (Countess of Longford). The Royal House of Windsor. Revised edition. Crown, 1984.
  • Weir, Alison. Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy. Pimlico/Random House, 2002.
  • Royal Family (1969) is a celebrated and reverential BBC documentary made by Richard Cawston to accompany the investiture of the current Prince of Wales. The documentary is frequently held responsible for the greater press intrusion into the royal family's private life since its first broadcast.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to British Royal Family.
  • Official website
  • (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 December 2010. (74.2 KB)

January 07, 2023
british, royal, family, this, article, about, family, charles, british, monarchy, itself, monarchy, united, kingdom, comprises, king, charles, close, relations, there, strict, legal, formal, definition, member, although, royal, household, issued, different, li. This article is about the family of Charles III For the British monarchy itself see Monarchy of the United Kingdom The British royal family comprises King Charles III and his close relations There is no strict legal or formal definition of who is or is not a member although the Royal Household has issued different lists outlining who is a part of the royal family 1 2 They support the monarch in undertaking public engagements and often pursue charitable work and interests The royal family are regarded as British cultural icons The royal family on the balcony of Buckingham Palace after the annual Trooping the Colour in 2013 Contents 1 Members 2 Titles and surnames 3 Public role 4 Media and criticism 5 Funding 6 Residences 7 See also 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External linksMembers EditSee also List of members of the House of Windsor Further information Family tree of the British royal family The lord chamberlain s List of the Royal Family published in 2020 mentions all of King George VI s descendants and their spouses including Sarah Duchess of York who is divorced along with Queen Elizabeth II s cousins with royal rank and their spouses 2 The lord chamberlain s list applies for the purposes of regulating the use of royal symbols and images of the family 3 Meanwhile the website of the royal family provides a list of Members of the Royal Family those listed correspond to the royal family members mentioned and pictured below with the exception of Princess Beatrice Princess Eugenie the Duchess of Kent and Prince and Princess Michael of Kent 4 The core of the royal family is made up of King Charles III and Queen Camilla William Prince of Wales and Catherine Princess of Wales Anne Princess Royal and Prince Edward Earl of Wessex and Forfar and Sophie Countess of Wessex and Forfar They carry out royal duties full time 5 Lower profile relatives who perform some duties are Prince Edward Duke of Kent Princess Alexandra The Hon Lady Ogilvy and Prince Richard Duke of Gloucester and Birgitte Duchess of Gloucester 5 Other members of the royal family with royal rank who do not carry out official duties are Prince Andrew Duke of York Prince Harry Duke of Sussex and Meghan Duchess of Sussex Princess Beatrice Princess Eugenie Katharine Duchess of Kent and Prince and Princess Michael of Kent 5 The King and The Queen Consort The Prince and Princess of Wales The Princess Royal The Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar The Duke of Kent Princess Alexandra The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester The Duke of York The Duke and Duchess of Sussex Princesses Beatrice and Eugenie The Duchess of Kent Prince and Princess Michael of KentCurrent British royal family treeKing George V Queen Mary King Edward VIII Wallis Duchess of Windsor King George VI Queen Elizabeth Prince Henry Duke of Gloucester Princess Alice Duchess of Gloucester Prince George Duke of Kent Princess Marina Duchess of Kent Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh Queen Elizabeth II Antony Armstrong Jones 1st Earl of Snowdon Princess Margaret Countess of Snowdon The Duke of Gloucester 30 The Duchess of GloucesterThe Duke of Kent 40 The Duchess of KentSir Angus Ogilvy Princess Alexandra 56 Prince Michael of Kent 51 Princess Michael of KentDiana Princess of Wales The KingThe Queen consortMark PhillipsThe Princess Royal 16 Sir Timothy LaurenceThe Duke of York 8 Sarah Duchess of YorkThe Earl of Wessex and Forfar 13 The Countess of Wessex and ForfarThe Earl of Snowdon 24 The Countess of SnowdonDaniel ChattoLady Sarah Chatto 27 The Prince of Wales 1 The Princess of WalesThe Duke of Sussex 5 The Duchess of SussexPeter Phillips 17 Autumn PhillipsZara Tindall 20 Michael TindallEdoardo Mapelli MozziPrincess Beatrice 9 Jack BrooksbankPrincess Eugenie 11 Lady Louise 15 Viscount Severn 14 Viscount Linley 25 Lady Margarita Armstrong Jones 26 Samuel Chatto 28 Arthur Chatto 29 Prince George of Wales 2 Princess Charlotte of Wales 3 Prince Louis of Wales 4 Archie Mountbatten Windsor 6 Lilibet Mountbatten Windsor 7 Savannah Phillips 18 Isla Phillips 19 Mia Tindall 21 Lena Tindall 22 Lucas Tindall 23 Sienna Mapelli Mozzi 10 August Brooksbank 12 Notes Numbers in brackets indicate places in the line of succession 6 7 8 Boxes indicate living individuals with royal titles and styles Purple indicates living individuals listed or described as members of the royal family on the official website 9 Boldface indicates living individuals listed as members of the royal family in Lord Chamberlain s Diamond Jubilee Guidelines in 2012 10 Italics indicate individuals born or married into the family after the Diamond Jubilee Dashed lines indicate married couples dotted lines divorced couples 7 Dagger indicates deceased individuals Titles and surnames Edit Marriage certificate of Elizabeth Windsor and Philip Mountbatten signed by members of the royal familyThe monarch s children and grandchildren if they are children of the monarch s sons and the children of the eldest son of the Prince of Wales are automatically entitled to be known as prince or princess with the style His or Her Royal Highness HRH 11 Peerages often dukedoms are bestowed upon most princes prior to marriage 12 13 Peter Phillips and Zara Tindall children of the King s sister Princess Anne are therefore not prince and princess Lady Louise Mountbatten Windsor and James Mountbatten Windsor Viscount Severn though entitled to the dignity are not called prince and princess as their parents the Earl and Countess of Wessex wanted them to have more modest titles 11 The King reportedly wants to reduce the number of titled members of the royal family 14 By tradition wives of male members of the royal family share their husbands title and style 15 Princesses by marriage do not have the title prefixed to their own name 11 but to their husband s for example the wife of Prince Michael of Kent is Princess Michael of Kent 15 Sons of monarchs are customarily given dukedoms upon marriage and these peerage titles pass to their eldest sons 15 Male line descendants of King George V including women until they marry bear the surname Windsor The surname of the male line descendants of Queen Elizabeth II except for women who marry is Mountbatten Windsor reflecting the name taken by her Greek born husband Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh upon his naturalisation A surname is generally not needed by members of the royal family who are entitled to the titles of prince or princess and the style His or Her Royal Highness Such individuals use surnames on official documents such as marriage registers 16 Public role Edit The Princess Royal meeting members of the public in Paisley Renfrewshire During the reign of Queen Elizabeth II official duties were undertaken on her behalf by her children and their spouses grandchildren and their spouses and cousins and their spouses Among her cousins only the children of King George V s sons carry out royal engagements The family supported the Queen in her state and national duties with the exception of constitutional functions 17 18 If the sovereign is indisposed two counsellors of state are required to fulfil his role with those notionally eligible being restricted to the Queen Consort the Prince of Wales the Duke of Sussex the Duke of York and Princess Beatrice 18 Each year the family carries out over 2 000 official engagements throughout the UK and worldwide entertaining 70 000 guests and answering 100 000 letters 17 19 Engagements include state funerals national festivities garden parties receptions and visits to the Armed Forces 17 Many members have served in the Armed Forces themselves including the King s brothers and sons 20 19 Engagements are recorded in the Court Circular a list of daily appointments and events attended by the royal family 21 Public appearances are often accompanied by walkabouts where royals greet and converse with members of the public outside events 22 Annual events attended by the royal family include the State Opening of Parliament Trooping the Colour and the National Service of Remembrance 18 According to historian Robert Lacey Elizabeth II once said that investitures of the honours recipients are the most important thing she does 23 Besides the King Prince William and Princess Anne also perform investitures 24 18 Family members represent the King on official visits and tours to other countries as ambassadors to foster diplomatic relations 20 19 25 They have also attended Commonwealth meetings on the monarch s behalf 18 The royal family also participates in state visits on the advice of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office which includes the welcoming of dignitaries and a formal banquet 26 Journalist James Forsyth has referred to the family as soft power assets 27 Given the royal family s public role and activities it is sometimes referred to by courtiers as The Firm a term that originated with George VI 28 29 Members of the royal family are politically and commercially independent avoiding conflict of interest with their public roles 30 The royal family are considered British cultural icons with young adults from abroad naming the family among a group of people who they most associated with British culture 31 Members are expected to promote British industry 32 Royals are typically members of the Church of England headed by the monarch When in Scotland they attend the Church of Scotland as members and some have served as Lord High Commissioner to the Church of Scotland 33 34 Members of the royal family are patrons for approximately 3 000 charities 19 and have also started their own nonprofit organisations 20 The King started The Prince s Trust which helps young people in the UK that are disadvantaged 35 Princess Anne started The Princess Royal Trust for Carers which helps unpaid carers giving them emotional support and information about benefit claims and disability aids 36 The Earl and Countess of Wessex founded the Wessex Youth Trust since renamed The Earl and Countess of Wessex Charitable Trust in 1999 37 The Prince and Princess of Wales are founding patrons of The Royal Foundation whose projects revolve around mental health conservation early childhood and emergency responders 38 In 2019 following the negative reactions to the Prince Andrew amp the Epstein Scandal interview the Duke of York was forced to resign from public roles the retirement became permanent in 2020 39 The Duke and Duchess of Sussex permanently withdrew from royal duties in early 2020 40 Following these departures there is a shortage of royal family members to cover the increasing number of patronages and engagements 5 Media and criticism EditSee also Royal Rota and Never complain never explain Royal biographer Penny Junor says that the royal family has presented itself as the model family since the 1930s 5 Author Edward Owen wrote that during the Second World War the monarchy sought an image of a more informal and vulnerable family that had a unifying effect on the nation during instability 41 In 1992 the Princess Royal and her husband Mark Phillips divorced the Prince and Princess of Wales separated a biography detailing the Princess s bulimia and self harming was published her private telephone conversations surfaced as did the Prince s intimate telephone conversations with his lover Camilla Parker Bowles the Duke and Duchess of York separated and photographs of the topless Duchess having her toes sucked by another man appeared in tabloids Historian Robert Lacey said that this put paid to any claim to being a model of family life The scandals contributed to the public s unwillingness to pay for the repairs to Windsor Castle after the 1992 fire A further PR disaster was the royal family s initial response to the death of Diana Princess of Wales in 1997 23 In the 1990s the royal family formed the Way Ahead Group made up of senior family members and advisers and headed by Elizabeth II in a quest to change in accordance with public opinion 23 42 The 2011 wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton led to a tide of goodwill and by Elizabeth II s Diamond Jubilee in 2012 the royal family s image had recovered 23 A 2019 YouGov poll showed that two thirds of British people were in favour of maintaining the royal family 43 The role and public relations of the extended royal family again came under increased scrutiny due to the Duke of York s friendship with convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein and allegations of sexual abuse along with his unapologetic conduct in the 2019 interview about these subjects and subsequent 2021 lawsuit 44 45 46 In June 2019 the royal family several members of which advocate for environmental causes faced criticism after it was revealed that they had doubled their carbon footprint from business travel 47 In a 2021 interview the Duchess of Sussex who is of biracial heritage relayed second hand that there had been concerns and conversations within the royal family about the skin colour of their son Archie Mountbatten Windsor while the Duke of Sussex stated it was a single instance 48 The interview received a mixed reaction from the British public and media and several of their claims were called into question 49 50 The Duke of Cambridge said the royal family were very much not a racist family In June 2021 documents revealed that coloured immigrants or foreigners were banned by Elizabeth II s chief financial manager at the time from working for the family as clerks in the 1960s prompting black studies professor Kehinde Andrews to state that the royal family has a terrible record on race 48 In response the palace stated that it complied in principle and in practice with anti discrimination legislation and that second hand claims of conversations from over 50 years ago should not be used to draw or infer conclusions about modern day events or operations 51 In March 2022 and during the Caribbean tour of the then Duke and Duchess of Cambridge as part of the Queen s Platinum Jubilee celebrations the family encountered criticism from a number of political figures and the press given their past connections to colonialism and the Atlantic slave trade via the Royal African Company 52 53 Reparations for slavery emerged as a major demand of protesters during the couple s visit 54 Both the then Prince of Wales and Duke of Cambridge have condemned slavery in their speeches 55 56 and the Prince has described acknowledging the wrongs of the past as a necessity for the Commonwealth countries to realise their potential 57 Historically the royal family and the media have benefited from each other the family used the press to communicate with the public while the media used the family to attract readers and viewers 58 With the advent of television however the media started paying less respect to the royal family s privacy 23 Princes William and Harry have had informal arrangements with the press whereby they would be left alone by the paparazzi during their education in return for invitations to staged photograph opportunities William has continued the practice with his family posts on Instagram Relations between the media and British royals have been destabilized by the rise of the digital media with the quantity of articles becoming paramount toward gaining advertising revenue with neither side able to exercise control 58 In the 2000s the phones of Prince William and Catherine Middleton and Prince Harry and his then girlfriend Chelsy Davy were hacked multiple times by media outlets most notably by a private investigator working for a News of the World journalist 59 60 A 2021 BBC documentary suggested that briefings and counter briefings from different royal households was the reason behind the negative coverage about members of the royal family Buckingham Palace Clarence House and Kensington Palace which represented the Queen the then Prince of Wales and Duke of Cambridge respectively described these suggestions as overblown and unfounded claims 61 Funding EditMain article Finances of the British royal family The Duchess of Cambridge escorted by security officers meets with Sir Michael Dixon Senior members of the royal family who represent the monarch draw their income from public funds known as the sovereign grant 62 The sovereign grant is an annual payment of the British government to the monarch It comes from the revenues of the Crown Estate which are commercial properties owned by the Crown It is common belief amongst the British public that funding for the royal family comes from taxpayers money but this is not the case The revenue of the crown estate actually far exceeds the amount provided in the sovereign grant 63 64 Members of the royal family who receive money from the sovereign grant must be accountable to the public for it and are not allowed to make money from their name 62 The security of the royal family is not paid from the sovereign grant but is usually met instead by the Metropolitan Police 65 The royal family the Home Office and the Metropolitan Police decide which members have a right to taxpayer funded police security Extended members do not retain automatic right to protection in 2011 Princesses Beatrice and Eugenie ceased receiving police security 14 66 Residences EditMain article List of British royal residences Elizabeth II hosting Barack and Michelle Obama at Buckingham Palace in 2009 The monarch s official residence in London is Buckingham Palace 64 Announcements of the births and deaths of members of the royal family are traditionally attached to its front railings 67 Queen Elizabeth II s Scottish residence was the Palace of Holyroodhouse where she resided at the beginning of each summer 68 While in Northern Ireland Hillsborough Castle serves as a residence for members of the royal family 68 Clarence House served as the official residence of Charles III when he was Prince of Wales from 2003 until he inherited the throne on 8 September 2022 64 Another London residence of his when Prince of Wales was St James s Palace which he shared with the Princess Royal and Princess Alexandra 69 Princess Alexandra also resides at Thatched House Lodge in Richmond 70 The King also privately owns Sandringham House in Norfolk and Balmoral Castle in Aberdeenshire which are his personal property He inherited them from Elizabeth II upon her death The Prince and Princess of Wales and the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester have their residences and offices at apartments in Kensington Palace London 71 72 The Duke and Duchess of Kent reside in Wren House in the grounds of Kensington Palace 73 The Duke and Duchess of Sussex s official residence in the United Kingdom is Frogmore Cottage near Windsor 74 75 The Duke of York lives at the Royal Lodge in Windsor Great Park while the Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar reside at Bagshot Park in Surrey 76 77 See also EditEducation of the British royal family List of honours of the British royal family by country List of longest living members of the British royal family Military service by British royalty Republicanism in the United Kingdom Royal descentReferences Edit Royal Family royal gov uk Archived from the original on 11 December 2021 Retrieved 11 December 2021 a b List of the Royal Family PDF royal gov uk Archived PDF from the original on 15 August 2020 Retrieved 11 December 2021 Use of Royal Arms Names and Images royal gov uk Archived from the original on 29 October 2019 Retrieved 11 December 2021 Royal Family royal gov uk Archived from the original on 11 December 2021 Retrieved 11 December 2021 a b c d e Davies Caroline 21 April 2021 Sophie and Edward what key role after death of Prince Philip could mean The Guardian Retrieved 4 August 2020 Succession royal uk Retrieved 4 August 2021 a b Who s who in the House of Windsor Queen Elizabeth II s line of succession CNN 7 June 2021 Retrieved 4 August 2020 The Line Of Succession www debretts com Retrieved 4 August 2021 The Royal Family royal uk Retrieved 3 August 2021 Lord Chamberlain s Diamond Jubilee Guidelines PDF Archived from the original PDF on 16 January 2013 a b c Boyle Christina 10 May 2019 Archie the newest British royal family member has no title Here s why we think Los Angeles Times Retrieved 4 August 2020 Abraham Ellie How Do British Royals Get Their Titles The Independent Retrieved 15 November 2021 Abrams Maragret What is a duke And how is the title different from a prince Evening Standard Retrieved 15 November 2021 a b Davies Caroline 8 March 2021 Was Meghan s son Archie denied the title prince because he s mixed race The Guardian Retrieved 4 August 2020 a b c FAQs Prince Michael of Kent www princemichael org uk Retrieved 4 August 2021 The Royal Family name The Royal Family Retrieved 30 June 2019 a b c The role of the Royal Family The Royal Family 23 March 2016 Retrieved 30 June 2019 a b c d e Davies Caroline 29 October 2021 The royal we subtle transition as ageing Queen devolves more duties The Guardian Retrieved 15 November 2021 a b c d Praderio Caroline Here s What The Royal Family Actually Does Every Day The Independent Retrieved 15 November 2021 a b c UK Royal Family Who is in it and how does it work BBC 9 April 2021 Retrieved 15 November 2021 Said Moorhouse Laure The Queen returns to royal duties following Prince Philip s death CNN Retrieved 15 November 2021 Lam Katherine Queen Elizabeth s daughter Princess Anne explains why she doesn t shake fans hands Fox News Retrieved 15 November 2021 a b c d e Davies Caroline 24 May 2012 How the royal family bounced back from its annus horribilis The Guardian Retrieved 4 August 2021 Investitures The Royal Family Retrieved 3 August 2020 Royal diplomacy to play key role in life after Brexit ITV News Retrieved 15 November 2021 State Visits The Royal Family Retrieved 15 November 2021 Forsyth James 13 August 2021 Britain needs the royal family more than ever The Times Retrieved 15 November 2021 O Gara Eilish 12 June 2015 Financing the firm how the royal family make their money Newsweek Retrieved 13 January 2020 Culbertson Alix Harry and Meghan What is the firm and how does the Royal Family work Sky News Retrieved 15 November 2021 Jack Guy Max Foster and Lauren Said Moorhouse 4 June 2021 The Firm Britain s royal institution explained CNN Retrieved 15 November 2021 Culture attraction and soft power PDF British Council 12 December 2016 Archived PDF from the original on 31 October 2015 Baker Lindsey How royal women have shaped fashion BBC Retrieved 15 November 2021 Booth William How the Church of England has shifted on divorce from Henry VIII to Meghan Markle Washington Post Retrieved 15 November 2021 The Queen the Church and other faiths The Royal Family Retrieved 15 November 2021 Our history The Prince s Trust www princes trust org uk Retrieved 30 June 2019 A Background The Princess Royal Trust For Carers Hampshire Carer Centre carercentre com Archived from the original on 26 November 2020 Retrieved 30 June 2019 The Earl and Countess of Wessex Charitable Trust Charity Commission for England and Wales Retrieved 11 December 2020 Our Work The Royal Foundation Retrieved 11 December 2020 Nikkhah Roya 21 May 2020 Prince Andrew didn t think it was all over but it is now The Times Retrieved 20 July 2020 Harry and Meghan not returning as working members of Royal Family BBC 19 February 2021 Retrieved 19 February 2021 Meghan s Use Of The Firm Could Be A Reference To Diana s 1995 Interview Bustle Retrieved 15 November 2021 Reynolds Paul Royal Family s changing guard BBC Retrieved 5 August 2021 Anthony Andrew 14 March 2021 The monarchy so what are they for The Guardian Retrieved 13 January 2020 Williamson Harriet 4 September 2020 Why Do Royals Get Away With So Much Foreign Policy Retrieved 6 August 2021 Haynes Suyin 21 November 2019 Prince Andrew Faced Questions About Jeffrey Epstein for Years Here s Why the Royal Family Finally Reacted Foreign Policy Retrieved 6 August 2021 Max Foster Lauren Said Moorehouse The civil suit against Prince Andrew has wider implications for the British royal family CNN Retrieved 6 September 2021 Britton Bianca 25 June 2019 Britain s royal family doubles carbon emissions from travel CNN Retrieved 17 November 2022 a b McGee Luke 3 June 2021 Britain s royals have denied being a racist family Archived papers reveal recent racist past CNN Retrieved 6 August 2021 Meghan and Harry s Oprah interview revealed cultural divide between U K and America NBC News Meghan and Harry s interview with Oprah draws mixed reaction in Britain CBS News Retrieved 25 August 2021 Kirka Danica 3 June 2021 Buckingham Palace barred nonwhites from office jobs in the 1960s report says Los Angeles Times Retrieved 29 August 2021 Caribbean tour Prince William says future is for the people to decide BBC News 27 March 2022 Retrieved 27 March 2022 Thomas Tobi 23 March 2022 What are the British monarchy s historical links to slavery The Guardian a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link White Nadine 26 March 2022 Belize signals intention to remove Queen as head of state following royal visit The Independent Retrieved 27 March 2022 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link Mills Rhiannon 30 November 2021 Barbados Prince Charles acknowledges appalling history of slavery as island becomes a republic Sky News Retrieved 24 March 2022 Prince William shares profound sorrow over slavery in Jamaica speech BBC 24 March 2022 Retrieved 24 March 2022 Prince Charles tells Commonwealth of sorrow over slavery BBC 24 June 2022 Retrieved 25 June 2022 a b Taylor Alex 11 March 2021 Harry and Meghan What s the media s invisible contract with British royalty CNN Retrieved 6 August 2021 Phone hacking trial Kate Middleton hacked 155 times BBC 14 May 2014 Retrieved 22 November 2021 Rajan Amol Lee Joseph 22 November 2021 Prince Harry Private investigator apologises for targeting prince s ex girlfriend BBC Retrieved 22 November 2021 Lee Dulcie Coughlan Sean 23 November 2021 The Princes and the Press BBC responds to claims against documentary BBC Retrieved 23 November 2021 a b Guy Jack Foster Max Said Moorhouse Lauren 4 June 2021 The Firm Britain s royal institution explained CNN Retrieved 3 August 2020 Edgington Tom 24 June 2021 Royal finances Where does the Queen get her money BBC Retrieved 6 November 2022 a b c UK Royal Family Who is in it and how does it work BBC 9 April 2021 Retrieved 3 August 2020 Edgington Tom 24 June 2021 Royal finances Where does the Queen get her money BBC Retrieved 3 August 2020 Pavia Lucy Why did Harry and Meghan appear to reference Beatrice and Eugenie in Sussex Royal website statement Standard Retrieved 6 September 2021 Royal Residences Buckingham Palace The Royal Family Retrieved 3 August 2020 a b Where Does the Royal Family Actually Live Architectural Digest Retrieved 15 November 2021 Royal Residences St James s Palace The Royal Family Retrieved 3 August 2020 Royal love nests The Telegraph Retrieved 15 November 2021 Royal Residences Kensington Palace The Royal Family Retrieved 3 August 2020 Taylor Elise Inside Kensington Palace Apartment 1A Prince William and Kate Middleton s London Home Vogue Retrieved 15 November 2021 Meet Prince Harry and Meghan Markle s new neighbours the royals who live in Kensington Palace The Independent Retrieved 15 November 2021 Furness Hannah 19 February 2022 Prince Harry will renew Frogmore Cottage lease to keep serving Queen The Telegraph ISSN 0307 1235 Retrieved 14 April 2022 Prince Harry Has Reportedly Already Reunited With One Royal Family Member Vanity Fair Retrieved 16 April 2021 The princess her husband Jack Brooksbank and their newborn August Philip Hawke Brooksbank have been living at Frogmore for the past few months the residence on the grounds of Windsor Castle Edward Sophie expecting baby CNN Retrieved 15 November 2021 Trespass arrests at Prince Andrew s Windsor home BBC Retrieved 15 November 2021 Further reading EditBurke s Guide to the Royal Family Burke s Peerage 1973 Cannon John Ashton The Oxford Illustrated History of the British Monarchy Oxford University Press 1988 Churchill Randolph S They Serve the Queen A New and Authoritative Account of the Royal Household Prepared for Coronation Year Hutchinson 1953 Fraser Antonia ed The Lives of the Kings amp Queens of England Revised amp updated edition University of California Press 1998 Hayden Ilse Symbol and Privilege The Ritual Context of British Royalty University of Arizona Press 1987 Longford Elizabeth Harman Countess of Longford The Royal House of Windsor Revised edition Crown 1984 Weir Alison Britain s Royal Families The Complete Genealogy Pimlico Random House 2002 Royal Family 1969 is a celebrated and reverential BBC documentary made by Richard Cawston to accompany the investiture of the current Prince of Wales The documentary is frequently held responsible for the greater press intrusion into the royal family s private life since its first broadcast External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to British Royal Family Official website House of Windsor Family Tree PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2 December 2010 74 2 KB Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title British royal family amp oldid 1131851898, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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