The Purple Mountain Observatory (Chinese: 紫金山天文台; pinyin: Zǐjīnshān Tiānwéntái), also known as Zijinshan Astronomical Observatory is an astronomical observatory located on the Purple Mountain in the east of Nanjing.[a]
The Purple Mountain Observatory was established in 1934 funded by the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China and administered by Academia Sinica. The longtime director of the observatory from 1950 to 1984 was Chinese astronomer Zhang Yuzhe (张钰哲, 1902–1986, also known as Y. C. Chang).
By the late 1980s, increasing light pollution in Nanjing meant Purple Mountain was no longer viable as a working observatory. It has since shifted its focus to public education, with much of the actual scientific work being carried out in its five branch observatories located at Qinghai (in Delingha), Ganyu, Xuyi, Honghe (in Jiamusi), and Qingdao.
The Minor Planet Center credits the observatory, simply referred to as Nanking, with the discovery of 149 minor planets between 1955 and 1983, while the observatory's PMO NEO Survey Program is credited with more than 600 discoveries between 2006 and 2013.[1]
^As of 2016, the Minor Planet Center lists 532 discovered bodies by the PMO NEO Survey Program between 2006 and 2013. However, the MPC lists another 3 discoveries by the PMO Neo Survey Program for 2007. Minor Planet Center – Minor Planet Discoverers
^ abcde"Minor Planet Discoverers (by number)". Minor Planet Center. 11 July 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
^Zhao, Haibin; et al. "The new NEO survey project - Chinese Near Earth Object Survey (CNEOS)" (PDF). Lunar and Planetary Institute: Asteroids, Comets, Meteors (2008 conference). Retrieved 26 February 2015.
^"Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs) – A Chronology of Milestones – Page 2 (see Oct 2, 2006)". IAU (International Astronomical Union). Retrieved 26 February 2015.
^"JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2009 MZ6)" (2009-08-15 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Purple Mountain Observatory.
Purple Mountain Observatory website (in English and Chinese)
purple, mountain, observatory, chinese, 紫金山天文台, pinyin, zǐjīnshān, tiānwéntái, also, known, zijinshan, astronomical, observatory, astronomical, observatory, located, purple, mountain, east, nanjing, alternative, namescradle, modern, astronomyorganizationchines. The Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese 紫金山天文台 pinyin Zǐjinshan Tianwentai also known as Zijinshan Astronomical Observatory is an astronomical observatory located on the Purple Mountain in the east of Nanjing a Purple Mountain ObservatoryPurple Mountain ObservatoryAlternative namesCradle of Modern AstronomyOrganizationChinese Academy of SciencesObservatory code330 LocationXuanwu District Nanjing JiangsuCoordinates32 03 54 N 118 49 47 E 32 064946 N 118 829677 E 32 064946 118 829677Altitude267 m 876 ft Established1934Websitewww wbr pmo wbr ac wbr cnTelescopesHainan Island station Location of Purple Mountain Observatory Related media on Commons edit on Wikidata Contents 1 Description 1 1 Discoveries 1 2 Near Earth object survey 1 3 List of discovered minor planets 1955 1983 1 4 List of discoveries by the PMO NEO Survey Program 2 Image gallery 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksDescription Edit The 60 cm Zeiss reflector at Nanking in 1930 The Purple Mountain Observatory was established in 1934 funded by the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China and administered by Academia Sinica The longtime director of the observatory from 1950 to 1984 was Chinese astronomer Zhang Yuzhe 张钰哲 1902 1986 also known as Y C Chang By the late 1980s increasing light pollution in Nanjing meant Purple Mountain was no longer viable as a working observatory It has since shifted its focus to public education with much of the actual scientific work being carried out in its five branch observatories located at Qinghai in Delingha Ganyu Xuyi Honghe in Jiamusi and Qingdao The Minor Planet Center credits the observatory simply referred to as Nanking with the discovery of 149 minor planets between 1955 and 1983 while the observatory s PMO NEO Survey Program is credited with more than 600 discoveries between 2006 and 2013 1 Discoveries Edit The observatory discovered the periodic comets 60P Tsuchinshan and 62P Tsuchinshan as well as the non periodic C 1977 V1 Tsuchinshan also known as Comet 1977 X C 2017 E2 and C 2023 A3 Tsuchinshan ATLAS They are named after the Wade Giles transliteration of the name Many asteroids were also discovered including the Trojan asteroids 2223 Sarpedon 2260 Neoptolemus 2363 Cebriones 2456 Palamedes and the eponymous 3494 Purple Mountain Near Earth object survey Edit The Chinese Near Earth Object Survey CNEOS based at the Xuyi Station D29 in Xuyi Jiangsu 2 started observations in 2006 It uses a 1 04 1 20 1 80 m Schmidt telescope equipped with a 4K 4K CCD detector with the drift scanning function 3 As of August 2012 the program has observed 149 971 asteroids found 1 279 new provisional designation asteroids and cataloged 251 numbered asteroids including five Jupiter trojans two Hildian and one Phocaea asteroid The program has also observed the position of 824 near Earth objects NEOs and discovered four new ones the Apollo asteroid 285339 1999 JR6 and the three Amor asteroid 410195 2007 RT147 388567 2007 QX14 and 468681 2009 MZ6 4 5 List of discovered minor planets 1955 1983 Edit Minor planets discovered 149 1 see List of discovered minor planetsSee also Category Discoveries by the Purple Mountain Observatory A total of 149 minor planets were discovered by the Purple Mountain Observatory between 1955 and 1983 1 1125 China 30 October 1957 list1802 Zhang Heng 9 October 1964 list1888 Zu Chong Zhi 9 November 1964 list1972 Yi Xing 9 November 1964 list2012 Guo Shou Jing 9 October 1964 list2027 Shen Guo 9 November 1964 list2045 Peking 8 October 1964 list2077 Kiangsu 18 December 1974 list2078 Nanking 12 January 1975 list2085 Henan 20 December 1965 list2162 Anhui 30 January 1966 list2169 Taiwan 9 November 1964 list2184 Fujian 9 October 1964 list2185 Guangdong 20 November 1965 list2197 Shanghai 30 December 1965 list2209 Tianjin 28 October 1978 list2215 Sichuan 12 November 1964 list2223 Sarpedon 4 October 1977 list2230 Yunnan 29 October 1978 list2255 Qinghai 3 November 1977 list2260 Neoptolemus 26 November 1975 list2263 Shaanxi 30 October 1978 list2336 Xinjiang 26 November 1975 list2344 Xizang 27 September 1979 list2355 Nei Monggol 30 October 1978 list2363 Cebriones 4 October 1977 list2380 Heilongjiang 18 September 1965 list2387 Xi an 17 March 1975 list2398 Jilin 24 October 1965 list2425 Shenzhen 17 March 1975 list2456 Palamedes 30 January 1966 list2503 Liaoning 16 October 1965 list2505 Hebei 31 October 1975 list2510 Shandong 10 October 1979 list2514 Taiyuan 8 October 1964 list2515 Gansu 9 October 1964 list2539 Ningxia 8 October 1964 list2547 Hubei 9 October 1964 list2592 Hunan 30 January 1966 list2617 Jiangxi 26 November 1975 list2631 Zhejiang 7 October 1980 list2632 Guizhou 6 November 1980 list2655 Guangxi 14 December 1974 list2693 Yan an 3 November 1977 list2719 Suzhou 22 September 1965 list2729 Urumqi 18 October 1979 list2743 Chengdu 21 November 1965 list2752 Wu Chien Shiung 20 September 1965 list2778 Tangshan 14 December 1979 list2789 Foshan 6 December 1956 list2790 Needham 19 October 1965 list2851 Harbin 30 October 1978 list2886 Tinkaping 20 December 1965 list2899 Runrun Shaw 8 October 1964 list2903 Zhuhai 23 October 1981 list2963 Chen Jiageng 9 November 1964 list3011 Chongqing 26 November 1978 list3014 Huangsushu 11 October 1979 list3024 Hainan 23 October 1981 list3028 Zhangguoxi 9 October 1978 list3048 Guangzhou 8 October 1964 list3051 Nantong 19 December 1974 list3088 Jinxiuzhonghua 24 October 1981 list3089 Oujianquan 3 December 1981 list3136 Anshan 18 November 1981 list3139 Shantou 11 November 1980 list3171 Wangshouguan 19 November 1979 list3187 Dalian 10 October 1977 list3206 Wuhan 13 November 1980 list3221 Changshi 2 December 1981 list3239 Meizhou 29 October 1978 list3241 Yeshuhua 28 November 1978 list3297 Hong Kong 26 November 1978 list3335 Quanzhou 1 January 1966 list3340 Yinhai 12 October 1979 list3388 Tsanghinchi 21 December 1981 list3405 Daiwensai 30 October 1964 list3421 Yangchenning 26 November 1975 list3443 Leetsungdao 26 September 1979 list3462 Zhouguangzhao 25 October 1981 list3463 Kaokuen 3 December 1981 list3476 Dongguan 28 October 1978 list3494 Purple Mountain 7 December 1980 list3502 Huangpu 9 October 1964 list3509 Sanshui 28 October 1978 list3513 Quqinyue 16 October 1965 list3542 Tanjiazhen 9 October 1964 list3543 Ningbo 11 November 1964 list3556 Lixiaohua 30 October 1964 list3560 Chenqian 3 September 1980 list3570 Wuyeesun 14 December 1979 list3609 Liloketai 13 November 1980 list3611 Dabu 20 December 1981 list3613 Kunlun 10 November 1982 list3643 Tienchanglin 29 October 1978 list3650 Kunming 30 October 1978 list3678 Mongmanwai 20 January 1966 list3704 Gaoshiqi 20 December 1981 list3729 Yangzhou 1 November 1983 list3746 Heyuan 8 October 1964 list3763 Qianxuesen 14 October 1980 list3812 Lidaksum 11 January 1965 list3844 Lujiaxi 30 January 1966 list3901 Nanjingdaxue 7 April 1958 list3960 Chaliubieju 20 January 1955 list4047 Chang E 8 October 1964 list4073 Ruianzhongxue 23 October 1981 list4245 Nairc 29 October 1981 list4273 Dunhuang 29 October 1978 list4360 Xuyi 9 October 1964 list4431 Holeungholee 28 November 1978 list4562 Poleungkuk 21 October 1979 list4566 Chaokuangpiu 27 November 1981 list4651 Wongkwancheng 31 October 1957 list4730 Xingmingzhou 7 December 1980 list4913 Wangxuan 20 September 1965 list4925 Zhoushan 3 December 1981 list4988 Chushuho 6 November 1980 list5013 Suzhousanzhong 9 November 1964 list5045 Hoyin 29 October 1978 list5198 Fongyunwah 16 January 1975 list5217 Chaozhou 13 February 1966 list5267 Zegmott 13 February 1966 list5273 Peilisheng 16 February 1982 list5389 Choikaiyau 29 October 1981 list5390 Huichiming 19 December 1981 list5537 Sanya 9 October 1964 list5538 Luichewoo 9 October 1964 list5539 Limporyen 16 October 1965 list5709 Tamyeunleung 12 October 1977 list5892 Milesdavis 23 December 1981 list 6283 1980 VX1 6 November 1980 list 6430 1964 UP 30 October 1964 list7811 Zhaojiuzhang 23 February 1982 list 7920 1981 XM2 3 December 1981 list8126 Chanwainam 20 January 1966 list8256 Shenzhou 25 October 1981 list 8981 1964 YJ 31 December 1964 list8992 Magnanimity 14 October 1980 list9512 Feijunlong 13 February 1966 list9517 Niehaisheng 3 November 1977 list 9710 1964 VN1 9 November 1964 list10017 Jaotsungi 30 October 1978 list 10687 1980 XX 7 December 1980 list 11439 1974 XW 14 December 1974 list 12181 1964 VL1 9 November 1964 list 15677 1980 TZ5 14 October 1980 list 16350 1964 VZ2 11 November 1964 list23408 Beijingaoyun 12 October 1977 list List of discoveries by the PMO NEO Survey Program Edit PMO NEO Survey discoveries 646 1 see PMO NEO SurveySee also Category Discoveries by the PMO NEO Survey Program Several hundred minor planets were discovered by the observatory s PMO NEO Survey Program from 2006 to 2013 1 168280 2007 QR5 18 August 2007 list171448 Guchaohao 11 September 2007 list175633 Yaoan 9 October 2007 list185535 Gangda 28 November 2007 list185538 Fangcheng 14 December 2007 list185640 Sunyisui 1 March 2008 list187707 Nandaxianlin 2 March 2008 list187709 Fengduan 3 March 2008 list188973 Siufaiwing 3 March 2008 list192178 Lijieshou 10 March 2007 list199947 Qaidam 16 April 2007 list199953 Mingnaiben 18 April 2007 list200002 Hehe 6 May 2007 list200003 Aokeda 19 May 2007 list202784 Gangkeda 29 February 2008 list204836 Xiexiaosi 16 August 2007 list204839 Suzhouyuanlin 16 August 2007 list207681 Caiqiao 16 August 2007 list207715 Muqinshuijiao 11 September 2007 list207716 Wangxichan 11 September 2007 list207723 Jiansanjiang 11 September 2007 list 207755 2007 SR6 17 September 2007 list207809 Wuzuze 9 October 2007 list210210 Songjian 16 August 2007 list210230 Linyuanpei 11 September 2007 list210231 Wangdemin 11 September 2007 list210232 Zhangjinqiu 11 September 2007 list210292 Mayongsheng 6 October 2007 list 212694 2007 PT11 12 August 2007 list212795 Fangjiancheng 9 October 2007 list212796 Guoyonghuai 9 October 2007 list212797 Lipei 9 October 2007 list 214880 2007 RP157 11 September 2007 list214883 Yuanxikun 11 September 2007 list 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list 504742 2009 VC107 27 October 2009 list 505486 2013 WG3 4 November 2013 list 505873 2015 DC99 3 March 2008 list 505906 2015 DV223 30 March 2011 list 506114 2016 AH196 29 February 2008 list 506393 2017 RU13 24 August 2011 list 507100 2009 HM44 20 April 2009 list 507471 2012 TO240 31 December 2008 list 508397 2016 GL187 19 August 2010 list 509506 2007 VY11 5 November 2007 list 509514 2007 VG202 5 November 2007 list 509610 2008 EA136 29 February 2008 list 509914 2009 FH41 16 March 2009 list 510058 2010 GW65 4 April 2010 list 511238 2014 BK17 27 November 2013 list 512223 2015 TP302 11 September 2007 list 512282 2016 GC124 21 March 2015 list 513340 2007 PC49 13 August 2007 list 513491 2009 FM 27 January 2009 list 513557 2010 PE74 10 August 2010 list 513929 2014 DU4 8 April 2010 list 515164 2011 QO38 21 September 2007 list 516613 2007 TT97 17 September 2007 list 516745 2009 RA19 13 September 2009 list 516746 2009 RE19 13 September 2009 list 517938 2015 TM259 7 September 2015 list 519197 2010 PF74 10 August 2010 list 519419 2011 UU270 25 October 2011 list 520044 2013 VL29 11 September 2007 list 520174 2014 CN27 11 September 2007 list 523246 2017 AM10 20 October 2015 listImage gallery Edit Gate of the Purple Mountain Observatory Entrance at the Xuyi Station Telescope at Xuyi StationSee also EditList of astronomical observatories Liu Caipin Wang SichaoReferences Edit As of 2016 the Minor Planet Center lists 532 discovered bodies by the PMO NEO Survey Program between 2006 and 2013 However the MPC lists another 3 discoveries by the PMO Neo Survey Program for 2007 Minor Planet Center Minor Planet Discoverers a b c d e Minor Planet Discoverers by number Minor Planet Center 11 July 2018 Retrieved 17 July 2018 Xuyi Observation Station Purple Mountain Observatory Purple Mountain Observatory Retrieved 26 February 2015 Zhao Haibin et al The new NEO survey project Chinese Near Earth Object Survey CNEOS PDF Lunar and Planetary Institute Asteroids Comets Meteors 2008 conference Retrieved 26 February 2015 Near Earth Asteroids NEAs A Chronology of Milestones Page 2 see Oct 2 2006 IAU International Astronomical Union Retrieved 26 February 2015 JPL Small Body Database Browser 2009 MZ6 2009 08 15 last obs Jet Propulsion Laboratory Retrieved 1 March 2016 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Purple Mountain Observatory Purple Mountain Observatory website in English and Chinese Portals China Astronomy Stars Spaceflight Outer space Solar System Education Science Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Purple Mountain Observatory amp oldid 1156801400, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
