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Wikipedia

Promoter (entertainment)

January 11, 2023

A promoter works with event production and entertainment industries to promote their productions, including in music and sports. Promoters are individuals or organizations engaged in the business of marketing and promoting live, or pay-per-view and similar, events, such as music concerts, gigs, nightclub performances and raves; sports events; and festivals.

Description

Business model

Promoters are typically engaged as independent contractors or representative companies by entertainment venues, earning a pre-arranged fee, or a share of revenues (colloquially known as a "cut" and "share of the house"), or both. A share of revenues is often a simple percentage of admission fees (called "the door") and/or food and drink sales, with many variations possible, such as minimums or maximums, allowances for various expenses, or limitations (such as only alcohol sales after midnight). Other promoters operate independently, renting venues for a fixed fee, or under a revenue sharing arrangement with the venue holder, thus keeping larger profits from successful events. One common arrangement for small venues is for the promoter to earn all of the admissions fees, while the venue retains all food and drink revenue.

Some venues have exclusive arrangements with a single promotion company, others work with multiple promoters on a rotating schedule (one night per week, for example), or on an event-by-event basis. Promoters often work together — either as equal partners, or as subcontractors to each other's events. Several promoters may work together for a special event, such as a large New Year's Eve party in a hotel ballroom. They may also engage freelance hosts for their social influence; these amateur promoters market the events to their circle of friends and/or social media followers, in exchange for special treatment and/or free admission to the event and at times, and may form or be included in street teams that promote events at other live venues.

Minimally, an event promoter manages publicity and advertising. Depending on the arrangement, they may also handle security, ticket sales, event admission (door policies), decorations, and booking of other entertainers. Many promoters are DJs or musicians themselves, and may perform at their own events. Some bloggers and individuals with a large following on social media may consider themselves as promoters and charge fees promotional service via their social media platform(s), or through their efforts.

Many musicians and artists act as de facto promoters for their own concerts, either directly or through their manager or booking company. Historically, promotion has been a cottage industry, with companies operated by one or several well-connected charismatic individuals, often working part-time. However, with the rise of corporate ownership of live entertainment assets, several large companies have emerged in the field.

Contracts and disputes

There are often disputes over money in the promotions industry because it is largely cash business with a history of corruption and uneven recordkeeping. In addition there are many accounting complexities to manage, particularly for large events: revenue, expenses, and oversight of parking, coat checks, concession vendor sales (e.g., CDs and t-shirts), box office so-called "convenience fees", in kind trades, promotional give-away items used to lure guests (e.g., free drinks), costs for insurance, cleaning staff, and so on. One area of frequent contention are quid pro quo cross-promotions, where the promoter or some other party connected with the venue will obtain a favor (for example, a price discount) in exchange for giving a future favor to the vendor. If the existence of the scheme, or the relationship between the parties, is undisclosed this may become a form of bribery. Another opportunity for misunderstanding are the various "lists" of guests who will be admitted for free or with VIP treatment, and the "door policy" used by bouncers to decide who will be admitted and at what price. To deal with these complexities event contracts can become quite long and detailed. Whether written or not, these arrangements tend to favor the party with the greater sophistication or the more control over the production of the event. Even the most detailed, professionally written and negotiated contracts can become the subject of lawsuits over interpretation.

Because nightclubs are often associated with drug and alcohol consumption, rowdiness, and other late-night behavior, promoters may become entangled in various criminal disputes as well.

Methods

Promoters bring crowds through a variety of methods. The most direct are guerrilla marketing techniques such as plastering posters on outdoor walls, flyposting, and distributing handbills on windows of cars parked in entertainment districts. Promoters also keep mailing lists, usually email lists, of their preferred guests and their wider list of potential customers. Many promoters have taken advantage of online technology such as social networking services and event listing sites to handle publicity, invitations, mailing lists, and so on. Clubs and promoters are among leaders in SMS text message advertising to their own lists as well as sponsored snippets on third-party lists for daily content to subscribers. Many fans promote events, products through their Facebook/Twitter/Myspace on their own free will.

Promoters often build a brand out of their own personalities and the parties they host, marketing the events under a consistent name, style, type of program, and social experience that downplays the branding of the venue or artist. They may develop a loyal clientele that will follow them from one location to another.

Image promotion and VIP hosting

In cosmopolitan cities with large affluent populations, there are upscale venues that employ the services of a special kind of promoter called an image promoter. The role of the image promoter is to bring celebrities or fashion models to high end venues and host them at a VIP table. In order to entice models and celebrities to come to the venue, the image promoter is provided with a VIP table and complementary alcohol. High end venues use the presence of models and celebrities to market their venue to an affluent clientele which may often only obtain admittance to the venue through agreeing to spend a certain amount of money on alcohol at the establishment.[1]

Notable promoters

Music and other events

Sports

Basketball

Boxing and mixed martial arts (MMA)

Football

Hockey

Tennis

Wrestling

Miscellaneous

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Nightlife promoters - Having Adventures After Dark | What Does it take to be a Promoter Part I – Model Promoters". from the original on 2013-01-30. Retrieved 2013-02-19.

References

January 11, 2023
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Promoter entertainment news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2009 Learn how and when to remove this template message A promoter works with event production and entertainment industries to promote their productions including in music and sports Promoters are individuals or organizations engaged in the business of marketing and promoting live or pay per view and similar events such as music concerts gigs nightclub performances and raves sports events and festivals Contents 1 Description 1 1 Business model 1 2 Contracts and disputes 1 3 Methods 1 4 Image promotion and VIP hosting 2 Notable promoters 2 1 Music and other events 2 2 Sports 2 2 1 Basketball 2 2 2 Boxing and mixed martial arts MMA 2 2 3 Football 2 2 4 Hockey 2 2 5 Tennis 2 2 6 Wrestling 2 2 7 Miscellaneous 3 See also 4 Notes 5 ReferencesDescription EditBusiness model Edit Promoters are typically engaged as independent contractors or representative companies by entertainment venues earning a pre arranged fee or a share of revenues colloquially known as a cut and share of the house or both A share of revenues is often a simple percentage of admission fees called the door and or food and drink sales with many variations possible such as minimums or maximums allowances for various expenses or limitations such as only alcohol sales after midnight Other promoters operate independently renting venues for a fixed fee or under a revenue sharing arrangement with the venue holder thus keeping larger profits from successful events One common arrangement for small venues is for the promoter to earn all of the admissions fees while the venue retains all food and drink revenue Some venues have exclusive arrangements with a single promotion company others work with multiple promoters on a rotating schedule one night per week for example or on an event by event basis Promoters often work together either as equal partners or as subcontractors to each other s events Several promoters may work together for a special event such as a large New Year s Eve party in a hotel ballroom They may also engage freelance hosts for their social influence these amateur promoters market the events to their circle of friends and or social media followers in exchange for special treatment and or free admission to the event and at times and may form or be included in street teams that promote events at other live venues Minimally an event promoter manages publicity and advertising Depending on the arrangement they may also handle security ticket sales event admission door policies decorations and booking of other entertainers Many promoters are DJs or musicians themselves and may perform at their own events Some bloggers and individuals with a large following on social media may consider themselves as promoters and charge fees promotional service via their social media platform s or through their efforts Many musicians and artists act as de facto promoters for their own concerts either directly or through their manager or booking company Historically promotion has been a cottage industry with companies operated by one or several well connected charismatic individuals often working part time However with the rise of corporate ownership of live entertainment assets several large companies have emerged in the field Contracts and disputes Edit There are often disputes over money in the promotions industry because it is largely cash business with a history of corruption and uneven recordkeeping In addition there are many accounting complexities to manage particularly for large events revenue expenses and oversight of parking coat checks concession vendor sales e g CDs and t shirts box office so called convenience fees in kind trades promotional give away items used to lure guests e g free drinks costs for insurance cleaning staff and so on One area of frequent contention are quid pro quo cross promotions where the promoter or some other party connected with the venue will obtain a favor for example a price discount in exchange for giving a future favor to the vendor If the existence of the scheme or the relationship between the parties is undisclosed this may become a form of bribery Another opportunity for misunderstanding are the various lists of guests who will be admitted for free or with VIP treatment and the door policy used by bouncers to decide who will be admitted and at what price To deal with these complexities event contracts can become quite long and detailed Whether written or not these arrangements tend to favor the party with the greater sophistication or the more control over the production of the event Even the most detailed professionally written and negotiated contracts can become the subject of lawsuits over interpretation Because nightclubs are often associated with drug and alcohol consumption rowdiness and other late night behavior promoters may become entangled in various criminal disputes as well Methods Edit Promoters bring crowds through a variety of methods The most direct are guerrilla marketing techniques such as plastering posters on outdoor walls flyposting and distributing handbills on windows of cars parked in entertainment districts Promoters also keep mailing lists usually email lists of their preferred guests and their wider list of potential customers Many promoters have taken advantage of online technology such as social networking services and event listing sites to handle publicity invitations mailing lists and so on Clubs and promoters are among leaders in SMS text message advertising to their own lists as well as sponsored snippets on third party lists for daily content to subscribers Many fans promote events products through their Facebook Twitter Myspace on their own free will Promoters often build a brand out of their own personalities and the parties they host marketing the events under a consistent name style type of program and social experience that downplays the branding of the venue or artist They may develop a loyal clientele that will follow them from one location to another Image promotion and VIP hosting Edit In cosmopolitan cities with large affluent populations there are upscale venues that employ the services of a special kind of promoter called an image promoter The role of the image promoter is to bring celebrities or fashion models to high end venues and host them at a VIP table In order to entice models and celebrities to come to the venue the image promoter is provided with a VIP table and complementary alcohol High end venues use the presence of models and celebrities to market their venue to an affluent clientele which may often only obtain admittance to the venue through agreeing to spend a certain amount of money on alcohol at the establishment 1 Notable promoters EditMusic and other events Edit Michael Alig co founder of Club Kids Johnny Edgecombe London Jazz promoter Shelly Finkel concert promoter LiveStyle Bill Graham concert promoter Bill Graham Presents Al Haymon A H Enterprises now a subsidiary of Live Nation Chet Helms concert promoter Big Brother and the Holding Company Family Dog Productions Dick Klotzman concert promoter Paul Tangi Mhova Mkondo International African Music Promoter Kirk Norcross nightclub promoter Sugar Hut Philip Sallon known for the Mud Club Blitz Club James St James co founder of Club Kids Brandon Ward event promoter AYA Entertainment Sports Edit Basketball Edit Gary Davidson ABA co founder Ned Irish president New York Knicks 1946 to 1974 Dennis Murphy ABA co founder Abe Saperstein founder Harlem GlobetrottersBoxing and mixed martial arts MMA Edit Muhammad Ali boxing promoter Main Bout Inc New York Bob Arum boxing promoter Top Rank Main Bout Inc Jarvis Astaire boxing promoter First Artist Corp Sport Division London UK Frankie Carbo Mafia member and boxing promoter The Combination New York City Bill Cayton boxing promoter and film producer Big Fights Inc New York Jack Curley 19th century boxing promoter turned wrestling promoter Oscar De La Hoya boxing and MMA promoter Golden Boy Promotions Dan Duva boxing promoter Main Events New Jersey Dino Duva boxing promoter Main Events New Jersey Lou Duva boxing promoter Main Events New Jersey Kathy Duva boxing promoter Main Events New Jersey Shelly Finkel boxing promoter Empire Sports and Entertainment Inc Shelly Finkel Management Inc New York Al Haymon boxing promoter and adviser Premier Boxing Champions Scott Coker MMA promoter Bellator MMA Strikeforce Barry Hearn boxing promoter Matchroom Sport Eddie Hearn boxing promoter Matchroom Sport Dave Higgins boxing promoter Duco Events Jack Doc Kearns boxing manager and promoter Don King boxing promoter Don King Productions Kellie Maloney boxing promoter Frank Maloney Promotions amp Management Limited Victor Cui MMA and Kickboxing promoter ONE Championship Chatri Sityodtong MMA and Kickboxing promoter ONE Championship Sammie Marshall boxing promoter embezzler MAPS Floyd Mayweather Jr boxing promoter Mayweather Promotions Manny Pacquiao boxing promoter MP Promotions Harold J Smith boxing promoter embezzler MAPS Mike Tyson boxing promoter Acquinity Sports Frank Warren boxing promoter Queensberry Promotions Limited London UK Dana White MMA and boxing promoter Ultimate Fighting Championship Khabib Nurmagomedov MMA promoter Eagle Fighting Championship Shamil Zavurov MMA promoter Eagle Fighting Championship Mario Yagobi boxing promoter Boxing360 New York City Felix Tuto Zabala boxing promoter Miami Chael Sonnen grappling promoter Submission Underground sug Chael Sonnen wrestling promoter Chael Sonnen s Wrestling Underground Football Edit Gary Davidson World Football League founderHockey Edit Gary Davidson WHA co founder Dennis Murphy WHA co founder Conn Smythe namesake of the Conn Smythe TrophyTennis Edit Leonard Bloom World Team Tennis co founder Nancy Jeffett women s tennis promoter Billie Jean King Women s Tennis Association founder World Team Tennis co founder Larry King World Team Tennis co founder Dennis Murphy World Team Tennis co founderWrestling Edit Antonio Inoki New Japan Pro Wrestling Antonio Pena Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide Atsushi Onita Frontier Martial Arts Wrestling Billy Sandow Gold Dust Trio Billy Wolfe women s wrestling promoter and manager Dixie Carter Total Nonstop Action Wrestling Ed Strangler Lewis Gold Dust Trio Eric Bischoff World Championship Wrestling Fred Kohler Fred Kohler Enterprises Wrestling From Marigold 1949 to 1955 president National Wrestling Alliance 1961 to 1962 Jack Curley sports promoter who helped popularize professional wrestling Jack Pfefer entertainment wrestling pioneer Jim Cornette Smoky Mountain Wrestling Leroy McGuirk National Wrestling Alliance Max Crabtree Joint Promotions Mike Quackenbush CHIKARA Mildred Burke World Wide Women s Wrestling Association founder wrestler Paul Bowser early wrestling promoter world middleweight champion Paul Heyman Extreme Championship Wrestling Stu Hart Stampede Wrestling Tony Khan All Elite Wrestling Joseph Toots Mondt Gold Dust Trio Verne Gagne American Wrestling Association Vince McMahon World Wrestling EntertainmentMiscellaneous Edit Wilt Chamberlain volleyball and track and field Larry King Roller Hockey International co founder Dennis Murphy Roller Hockey International co founder Giorgio A Tsoukalos former bodybuilding promoter IFBB Mr Olympia See also EditImpresario List of professional wrestling promoters in the United StatesNotes Edit Nightlife promoters Having Adventures After Dark What Does it take to be a Promoter Part I Model Promoters Archived from the original on 2013 01 30 Retrieved 2013 02 19 References EditMyler Patrick 1997 A Century of Boxing Greats Inside the Ring with the Hundred Best Boxers Robson Books UK Parkwest Publications US ISBN 1 86105 258 8 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Promoter entertainment amp oldid 1111503306, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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