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Polydor Records

Polydor Records Ltd. is a German-British record label that operates as part of Universal Music Group. It has a close relationship with Universal's Interscope Geffen A&M Records label, which distributes Polydor's releases in the United States. In turn, Polydor distributes Interscope releases in the United Kingdom. Polydor Records Ltd. was established in London in 1954 as a British subsidiary of German company Deutsche Grammophon/Schallplatte Grammophon GmbH. It was renamed Polydor Ltd. in 1972.

Polydor Records
Parent companyUMC (Universal Music Catalogue)
Founded2 April 1913; 109 years ago (1913-04-02)
Distributor(s)
GenreVarious
Country of originGermany
United Kingdom
LocationLondon, England
Official websitepolydor.co.uk

Notable current and past artists signed to the label include ABBA, Cream, The Moody Blues, The Who, Ringo Starr, Bee Gees, The Jam, Bing Crosby, The Shadows, James Brown, Level 42, Ellie Goulding, Juice WRLD, Piri & Tommy, James Last, Eric Clapton, Marie Osmond, Keith O'Conner Murphy, Yngwie Malmsteen, Lana Del Rey, Haim, and Buckingham Nicks.

Label history

Beginnings

Polydor Records was founded on 2 April 1913 by German Polyphon-Musikwerke AG in Leipzig and registered on 25 July 1914 (Nr. 316613). The label was founded as Firma Brachhausen & Riesener in 1887 by Gustav Adolf Brachhausen and Ernst Paul Riessner, for manufacturing their new mechanical disc-playing music box Polyphon, invented in 1870.[1] During World War I on 24 April 1917, Polyphon-Musikwerke AG acquired the German Deutsche Grammophon-Aktiengesellschaft record plant and company from the German government. The German state had taken over British-held Grammophon as enemy property during World War I.[2]

Polydor was originally an independent branch of the Polyphon-Grammophon-Konzern group. It was used as an export label from 1924. After the British and German branches of the Gramophone Company were separated during World War I, Deutsche Grammophon claimed the rights to the Nipper-dog and gramophone trademark for Germany, where HMV recordings were to be released under the Electrola trademark replacing the company lost during the war.

 
1920s vintage Polydor export label with its double-horn gramophone logo

In turn, Deutsche Grammophon records exported from Germany were released on the Polyphon Musik and Polydor labels.[3] New foreign branches were founded, for example in Austria, Denmark, Sweden and France.

In 1941, Deutsche Grammophon (including Polydor) was purchased by Siemens & Halske.

Polydor became a popular music label in 1946, while the new Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft label became a classical music label in 1949.[2] The previously used label, Grammophon, was disbanded. DGG gave, by an agreement dated 5 July 1949, an exclusive license from 1 July 1951 to use the Nipper-dog with gramophone to the original owner's company Electrola, the German branch of EMI. (In Germany, it was impossible to sell the trademark without selling the company.)[4] Polydor remained Deutsche Grammophon's export label, including classical music, in France and the Spanish-speaking world for the remainder of the long-playing era, as a result of language and cultural concerns. DGG established a subsidiary in London called Polydor Records Ltd. in 1954.

In the early 1960s, orchestra leader Bert Kaempfert signed unknowns Tony Sheridan and The Beat Brothers - who later became known as The Beatles—to Polydor. Popular International entertainers such as James Last, Bert Kaempfert, Kurt Edelhagen, Caterina Valente and the Kessler Twins appeared on the Polydor label, as well as many French, Spanish and Latin-American figures.

Siemens entered into a joint venture with Philips in 1962 creating the Grammophon-Philips Group, of which Polydor became a subsidiary label.

Polydor opened a US branch in 1969 (in years prior, they licensed their catalogue to Atlantic Records),[5] but did not become a real presence in the US record industry until its purchase of the recording contract and back catalogue of R&B performer James Brown in 1971, and the absorption of the MGM Records label by its parent company PolyGram in 1972.

In 1970, Polydor acquired the Hong Kong–based Diamond Records, which had been owned and founded by the local Portuguese merchant Ren da Silva in the late 1950s.

PolyGram

 
In 1954 Polydor Records introduced their distinctive orange label.

In 1972, The Grammophon-Philips Group (GPG) reorganised to create PolyGram, from Polydor and PhonoGram. The Polydor label continued to run as a subsidiary label under the new company. Throughout the 1970s, Polydor Incorporated became a major rock label, also releasing records by such platinum-selling acts as the Bee Gees[6] and Gloria Gaynor.

Into the 1980s, Polydor continued to do respectable business, in spite of becoming increasingly overshadowed by its PolyGram sister label Mercury Records. Polydor took over management of British Decca's pop catalogue. A&R manager Frank Neilson was able to score a major top ten hit in March 1981 for the label with "Do the Hucklebuck" by Coast to Coast as well as signing Ian Dury and Billy Fury to the company. In 1984, the company name was parodied in the rockumentary film This Is Spinal Tap (whose soundtrack album was distributed by Polydor), where "Polymer Records" was the band's record company.

By the early 1990s, Polydor had begun to underperform. PolyGram subsequently trimmed most of Polydor's staff and roster, and shifted it to operate under the umbrella of PolyGram Label Group (PLG), a newly constructed "super label" specifically designed to oversee the operations of PolyGram's lesser performing imprints, which included Island Records, London Records, Atlas Records and Verve Records at the time.

In 1994, as Island Records recovered from its sales slump, PolyGram dissolved most of PLG into it. Meanwhile, Polydor Records and Atlas Records merged, briefly called "Polydor/Atlas", and began operating through A&M Records, another PolyGram subsidiary. In 1995, Polydor/Atlas became simply Polydor Records again.

Twilight years in the United States

Over the next few years, Polydor tried to keep itself afloat with new artist signings, new releases, and reissues, while still becoming more and more dormant. In 1998, PolyGram was purchased by Seagram and absorbed into its Universal Music Group. During the consolidation of these two music giants, Polydor's United States operations were folded into Interscope-Geffen-A&M and Universal Records, while its overseas branch remained intact, with its records continuing to be distributed domestically through Interscope and A&M. Today, in North America, the Polydor Records name and logo is mostly used on reissues of older material from its 1960s and 1970s heyday. Island Records handles the US distribution of most pre-1998 Polydor releases, including the reissues from the British Decca pop/rock collections, while Republic Records handles reissues from James Brown and the MGM Records and Verve Records pop catalog. However, starting in the 2010s, Interscope Records has been signing acts such as Azealia Banks and Lana Del Rey jointly to Polydor and its logo has been seen on both releases.

Polydor Nashville

Record producer Harold Shedd founded Polydor's Nashville, Tennessee, division in 1994, which specialised in country music. Among the acts signed to Polydor Nashville were Shane Sutton, Tasha Harris, 4 Runner, the Moffatts, Chely Wright, Mark Luna, Clinton Gregory, Amie Comeaux,[7] along with Toby Keith and Davis Daniel, who transferred from Mercury Nashville in 1994.[8] The Nashville division was renamed A&M Nashville in March 1996 and closed in September of the same year, as PolyGram consolidated all its Nashville operations under the Mercury name. Today, Polydor, along with EMI Records in the UK and Australia and UMG itself in Canada distribute Lost Highway Records' albums in the Commonwealth realms.

Polydor UK

In 1972 the British Polydor Records Ltd. was renamed to Polydor Ltd. In the early 1970s, the main source of income for the label was the successful UK band Slade as well as The New Seekers and The Who. At the time, between the 1970s and 1980s, the Polydor/PolyGram Senior VP (who was originally the first head of their new at the time rock department) was Jerry Jaffe, who also signed acts such as Motörhead, Dexy's Midnight Runners, and The Jam. He also interacted with many famous and successful artists while in that position, including Nick Lowe and John Lennon, as well as going on to work with groups such as The Jesus and Mary Chain and Saint Etienne the late 1980s and 1990s. Later, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, the label was also home to The Who and The Jam (as well as its successor act The Style Council).

Although Polydor's American branch is nearly inactive, in the United Kingdom Polydor remains one of the most prominent labels in the country—with artists such as Take That, Cheryl, Duffy, Girls Aloud, The Saturdays, Kaiser Chiefs, Ellie Goulding and Lawson. Polydor also has a strong indie roster through the Fiction imprint with acts such as Ian Brown, Bright Eyes, Elbow, White Lies, The Maccabees, Kate Nash, Snow Patrol, Filthy Dukes, and Crystal Castles. Polydor has also survived in Canada, becoming the home label for Drake. It also acts as the UK label for American-based acts under Interscope-Geffen-A&M like Madonna, Eminem, the All-American Rejects, the Black Eyed Peas, Gwen Stefani, Dr. Dre, Lana Del Rey, Lady Gaga, Selena Gomez, Kendrick Lamar, Maroon 5, M.I.A., No Doubt, Sting and JoJo.

In 2006, Polydor launched Fascination Records, a music label dedicated to pop music. Both Girls Aloud and Sophie Ellis-Bextor transferred to the new label and created groups such as The Saturdays and Girls Can't Catch. Several pop acts from US label Hollywood Records, such as Demi Lovato, Jonas Brothers, Miley Cyrus, and Selena Gomez & the Scene were also signed to Fascination.

In 2008, A&M Records UK was founded as an imprint of Polydor UK. The same year Polydor obtained distribution of The Rolling Stones' back catalogue as well as new releases.[9] With the establishment of A&M Records UK, A&M Records' Canadian division became a separate entity for the first time since the formation of Universal Music Group. Polydor, meanwhile, continued to distribute Interscope, Geffen and selected Lost Highway releases in Canada through Universal Music Canada, as it does to this day.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Schellackplatten Label - Polyphon - Grammophon und Schellackplatten Portal 78rpm". grammophon-platten.de. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
  2. ^ a b Studios, Emil Berliner. "EMIL BERLINER STUDIOS - About us - Chronicle". emil-berliner-studios.com. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
  3. ^ Hoffmann, Frank (12 November 2004). Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound. Routledge. ISBN 9781135949501.
  4. ^ Dg-111.com 5 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ "College Music Contest Opens Talent Hunt". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. 15 March 1969. p. 64.
  6. ^ "Bee Gees - Album Discography - AllMusic". allmusic.com. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
  7. ^ Evans Price, Deborah; Flippo, Chet (21 September 1996). "A&M Nashville a Victim of Country Label Growth". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media Inc. p. 6.
  8. ^ Morris, Edward (14 May 1994). "Mercury Focuses on Tighter Roster". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media Inc. p. 40.
  9. ^ "Stones ditching EMI for Universal". BBC News. 25 July 2008.

External links

  • Polydor.co.uk UK site
  • Polydor at Discogs
  • Polydor A&R team contact list

polydor, records, polydor, redirects, here, confused, with, polydore, german, british, record, label, that, operates, part, universal, music, group, close, relationship, with, universal, interscope, geffen, records, label, which, distributes, polydor, releases. Polydor redirects here Not to be confused with Polydore Polydor Records Ltd is a German British record label that operates as part of Universal Music Group It has a close relationship with Universal s Interscope Geffen A amp M Records label which distributes Polydor s releases in the United States In turn Polydor distributes Interscope releases in the United Kingdom Polydor Records Ltd was established in London in 1954 as a British subsidiary of German company Deutsche Grammophon Schallplatte Grammophon GmbH It was renamed Polydor Ltd in 1972 Polydor RecordsParent companyUMC Universal Music Catalogue Founded2 April 1913 109 years ago 1913 04 02 Distributor s Self distributed UK Interscope Geffen A amp M Records US Island Records most pre 1998 reissues in US Republic Records James Brown MGM and Verve pop reissues in US Universal Music Group worldwide GenreVariousCountry of originGermanyUnited KingdomLocationLondon EnglandOfficial websitepolydor wbr co wbr ukNotable current and past artists signed to the label include ABBA Cream The Moody Blues The Who Ringo Starr Bee Gees The Jam Bing Crosby The Shadows James Brown Level 42 Ellie Goulding Juice WRLD Piri amp Tommy James Last Eric Clapton Marie Osmond Keith O Conner Murphy Yngwie Malmsteen Lana Del Rey Haim and Buckingham Nicks Contents 1 Label history 1 1 Beginnings 1 2 PolyGram 1 3 Twilight years in the United States 2 Polydor Nashville 3 Polydor UK 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksLabel history EditBeginnings Edit Polydor Records was founded on 2 April 1913 by German Polyphon Musikwerke AG in Leipzig and registered on 25 July 1914 Nr 316613 The label was founded as Firma Brachhausen amp Riesener in 1887 by Gustav Adolf Brachhausen and Ernst Paul Riessner for manufacturing their new mechanical disc playing music box Polyphon invented in 1870 1 During World War I on 24 April 1917 Polyphon Musikwerke AG acquired the German Deutsche Grammophon Aktiengesellschaft record plant and company from the German government The German state had taken over British held Grammophon as enemy property during World War I 2 Polydor was originally an independent branch of the Polyphon Grammophon Konzern group It was used as an export label from 1924 After the British and German branches of the Gramophone Company were separated during World War I Deutsche Grammophon claimed the rights to the Nipper dog and gramophone trademark for Germany where HMV recordings were to be released under the Electrola trademark replacing the company lost during the war 1920s vintage Polydor export label with its double horn gramophone logoIn turn Deutsche Grammophon records exported from Germany were released on the Polyphon Musik and Polydor labels 3 New foreign branches were founded for example in Austria Denmark Sweden and France In 1941 Deutsche Grammophon including Polydor was purchased by Siemens amp Halske Polydor became a popular music label in 1946 while the new Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft label became a classical music label in 1949 2 The previously used label Grammophon was disbanded DGG gave by an agreement dated 5 July 1949 an exclusive license from 1 July 1951 to use the Nipper dog with gramophone to the original owner s company Electrola the German branch of EMI In Germany it was impossible to sell the trademark without selling the company 4 Polydor remained Deutsche Grammophon s export label including classical music in France and the Spanish speaking world for the remainder of the long playing era as a result of language and cultural concerns DGG established a subsidiary in London called Polydor Records Ltd in 1954 In the early 1960s orchestra leader Bert Kaempfert signed unknowns Tony Sheridan and The Beat Brothers who later became known as The Beatles to Polydor Popular International entertainers such as James Last Bert Kaempfert Kurt Edelhagen Caterina Valente and the Kessler Twins appeared on the Polydor label as well as many French Spanish and Latin American figures Siemens entered into a joint venture with Philips in 1962 creating the Grammophon Philips Group of which Polydor became a subsidiary label Polydor opened a US branch in 1969 in years prior they licensed their catalogue to Atlantic Records 5 but did not become a real presence in the US record industry until its purchase of the recording contract and back catalogue of R amp B performer James Brown in 1971 and the absorption of the MGM Records label by its parent company PolyGram in 1972 In 1970 Polydor acquired the Hong Kong based Diamond Records which had been owned and founded by the local Portuguese merchant Ren da Silva in the late 1950s PolyGram Edit In 1954 Polydor Records introduced their distinctive orange label In 1972 The Grammophon Philips Group GPG reorganised to create PolyGram from Polydor and PhonoGram The Polydor label continued to run as a subsidiary label under the new company Throughout the 1970s Polydor Incorporated became a major rock label also releasing records by such platinum selling acts as the Bee Gees 6 and Gloria Gaynor Into the 1980s Polydor continued to do respectable business in spite of becoming increasingly overshadowed by its PolyGram sister label Mercury Records Polydor took over management of British Decca s pop catalogue A amp R manager Frank Neilson was able to score a major top ten hit in March 1981 for the label with Do the Hucklebuck by Coast to Coast as well as signing Ian Dury and Billy Fury to the company In 1984 the company name was parodied in the rockumentary film This Is Spinal Tap whose soundtrack album was distributed by Polydor where Polymer Records was the band s record company By the early 1990s Polydor had begun to underperform PolyGram subsequently trimmed most of Polydor s staff and roster and shifted it to operate under the umbrella of PolyGram Label Group PLG a newly constructed super label specifically designed to oversee the operations of PolyGram s lesser performing imprints which included Island Records London Records Atlas Records and Verve Records at the time In 1994 as Island Records recovered from its sales slump PolyGram dissolved most of PLG into it Meanwhile Polydor Records and Atlas Records merged briefly called Polydor Atlas and began operating through A amp M Records another PolyGram subsidiary In 1995 Polydor Atlas became simply Polydor Records again Twilight years in the United States Edit Over the next few years Polydor tried to keep itself afloat with new artist signings new releases and reissues while still becoming more and more dormant In 1998 PolyGram was purchased by Seagram and absorbed into its Universal Music Group During the consolidation of these two music giants Polydor s United States operations were folded into Interscope Geffen A amp M and Universal Records while its overseas branch remained intact with its records continuing to be distributed domestically through Interscope and A amp M Today in North America the Polydor Records name and logo is mostly used on reissues of older material from its 1960s and 1970s heyday Island Records handles the US distribution of most pre 1998 Polydor releases including the reissues from the British Decca pop rock collections while Republic Records handles reissues from James Brown and the MGM Records and Verve Records pop catalog However starting in the 2010s Interscope Records has been signing acts such as Azealia Banks and Lana Del Rey jointly to Polydor and its logo has been seen on both releases Polydor Nashville EditRecord producer Harold Shedd founded Polydor s Nashville Tennessee division in 1994 which specialised in country music Among the acts signed to Polydor Nashville were Shane Sutton Tasha Harris 4 Runner the Moffatts Chely Wright Mark Luna Clinton Gregory Amie Comeaux 7 along with Toby Keith and Davis Daniel who transferred from Mercury Nashville in 1994 8 The Nashville division was renamed A amp M Nashville in March 1996 and closed in September of the same year as PolyGram consolidated all its Nashville operations under the Mercury name Today Polydor along with EMI Records in the UK and Australia and UMG itself in Canada distribute Lost Highway Records albums in the Commonwealth realms Polydor UK EditIn 1972 the British Polydor Records Ltd was renamed to Polydor Ltd In the early 1970s the main source of income for the label was the successful UK band Slade as well as The New Seekers and The Who At the time between the 1970s and 1980s the Polydor PolyGram Senior VP who was originally the first head of their new at the time rock department was Jerry Jaffe who also signed acts such as Motorhead Dexy s Midnight Runners and The Jam He also interacted with many famous and successful artists while in that position including Nick Lowe and John Lennon as well as going on to work with groups such as The Jesus and Mary Chain and Saint Etienne the late 1980s and 1990s Later in the late 1970s and early 1980s the label was also home to The Who and The Jam as well as its successor act The Style Council Although Polydor s American branch is nearly inactive in the United Kingdom Polydor remains one of the most prominent labels in the country with artists such as Take That Cheryl Duffy Girls Aloud The Saturdays Kaiser Chiefs Ellie Goulding and Lawson Polydor also has a strong indie roster through the Fiction imprint with acts such as Ian Brown Bright Eyes Elbow White Lies The Maccabees Kate Nash Snow Patrol Filthy Dukes and Crystal Castles Polydor has also survived in Canada becoming the home label for Drake It also acts as the UK label for American based acts under Interscope Geffen A amp M like Madonna Eminem the All American Rejects the Black Eyed Peas Gwen Stefani Dr Dre Lana Del Rey Lady Gaga Selena Gomez Kendrick Lamar Maroon 5 M I A No Doubt Sting and JoJo In 2006 Polydor launched Fascination Records a music label dedicated to pop music Both Girls Aloud and Sophie Ellis Bextor transferred to the new label and created groups such as The Saturdays and Girls Can t Catch Several pop acts from US label Hollywood Records such as Demi Lovato Jonas Brothers Miley Cyrus and Selena Gomez amp the Scene were also signed to Fascination In 2008 A amp M Records UK was founded as an imprint of Polydor UK The same year Polydor obtained distribution of The Rolling Stones back catalogue as well as new releases 9 With the establishment of A amp M Records UK A amp M Records Canadian division became a separate entity for the first time since the formation of Universal Music Group Polydor meanwhile continued to distribute Interscope Geffen and selected Lost Highway releases in Canada through Universal Music Canada as it does to this day See also EditPolydor Records artistsReferences Edit Schellackplatten Label Polyphon Grammophon und Schellackplatten Portal 78rpm grammophon platten de Retrieved 17 February 2017 a b Studios Emil Berliner EMIL BERLINER STUDIOS About us Chronicle emil berliner studios com Retrieved 17 February 2017 Hoffmann Frank 12 November 2004 Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound Routledge ISBN 9781135949501 Dg 111 com Archived 5 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine College Music Contest Opens Talent Hunt Billboard Nielsen Business Media Inc 15 March 1969 p 64 Bee Gees Album Discography AllMusic allmusic com Retrieved 17 February 2017 Evans Price Deborah Flippo Chet 21 September 1996 A amp M Nashville a Victim of Country Label Growth Billboard Nielsen Business Media Inc p 6 Morris Edward 14 May 1994 Mercury Focuses on Tighter Roster Billboard Nielsen Business Media Inc p 40 Stones ditching EMI for Universal BBC News 25 July 2008 External links EditPolydor co uk UK site Polydor de German site Polydor at Discogs Polydor A amp R team contact list Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Polydor Records amp oldid 1132027941, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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