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Pennsylvania Canal (North Branch Division)

The North Branch Division of the Pennsylvania Canal was a historic waterway that ran 169 miles (272 km) along the North Branch Susquehanna River between southern New York and north-central Pennsylvania. At its southern end, the canal connected with the West Branch Canal and the Susquehanna Division Canal at Northumberland, while on the north it connected with the Junction Canal and the New York canal system. Built between 1828 and 1856, the North Branch Canal was part of a large transportation network that included Pennsylvania's Main Line of Public Works.[3]

North Branch Pennsylvania Canal
North Branch Canal near Shickshinny in about 1900
Specifications
Length169 miles (272 km)
Locks43
StatusHistoric, abandoned
History
Construction began1828
Date completed1856 (1856)
Geography
Start pointChemung River
([1][n 1])
End pointSusquehanna River

History

The first segment of 55 miles (89 km) was begun in 1828 and completed in 1831 to Nanticoke Falls. In 1834, a project called the Wyoming Extension increased the canal's length by 17 miles (27 km) past Wilkes-Barre to Pittston. A final extension of 97 miles (156 km) from Pittston to the New York state line was started in 1836 and finished in 1856.[3]

The complete canal had a total of 43 locks that overcame 334 feet (102 m) of elevation between its end points.[3] The southern end was 420 feet (130 m)[4] above sea level, and the northern end was at 754 feet (230 m).[n 2]

The privately built Junction Canal of 18 miles (29 km) linked the North Branch Canal to Elmira. There the Junction Canal connected with the Chemung Canal, which led north to Seneca Lake and the Erie Canal. Through these connections, boats using the Pennsylvania Canal system were able to travel as far as Buffalo and Lake Champlain.[3]

In 1858, the canal from Northampton Street in Wilkes-Barre to the state line was sold to the North Branch Canal Company, which in turn sold it to the Lehigh Valley Railroad in 1865. The railroad laid tracks along portions of the canal towpath and operated both until 1872, when it was authorized by the state legislature to close the canal.[5]

Locks (first segment)

 
Hanging rock, road, railroad, canal, and Susquehanna River near Catawissa in about 1890–1901
No.[6] Lift[6]   Canal mile[6]
(km)
Remarks[6]  
0 0.0 miles
0.0 km
Northumberland Canal Basin
1 11.49 feet (3.50 m) 1.2 miles (1.9 km)
2 11.21 feet (3.42 m) 14.2 miles (22.9 km) 2 miles (3.2 km) above Danville
3 10.65 feet (3.25 m) 21.7 miles (34.9 km) Rupert
4 5.51 feet (1.68 m) 23.1 miles (37.2 km) Bloomsburg
5 9.63 feet (2.94 m) 30.0 miles (48.3 km) Stoneytown
6 8.48 feet (2.58 m) 36.2 miles (58.3 km) Berwick
7 8.92 feet (2.72 m) 39.3 miles (63.2 km) Beach Haven
8 1.93 feet (0.59 m) 55.8 miles (89.8 km) Guard lock at Nanticoke

Chenango Extension

In 1863, the New York Legislature authorized construction of another canal, the Chenango Canal Extension, meant to run about 40 miles (64 km) along the North Branch Susquehanna River from Binghamton, New York, to the Pennsylvania – New York border. The plans called for construction of an east–west crosscut canal linking the Chenango Canal Extension to the North Branch Canal, which followed the Chemung River rather than the North Branch Susquehanna River north of Athens. Cost overruns, waning enthusiasm for canals, and funding delays led to abandonment of the project in 1872, after most of the work on the northern 30 miles (48 km) of the line had been completed. Beyond planning, no work had been done on the southernmost 10 miles (16 km) when the project ended.[7]

Remnants

Susquehanna Riverlands in Salem Township, 8 miles (13 km) south of Wilkes-Barre, has 0.5 miles (0.8 km) of river walking path and filled canal owned and managed by Pennsylvania Power and Light Company.[8]

Lock No. 1 and a section of the original North Branch Canal in Northumberland were intact in 1986 as was Lock No. 2 below Bloomsburg. Occasional sections of canal bed remained between Shickshinny and West Nanticoke, and the West Nanticoke guard lock was intact. Canal bed was visible from the Lackawanna River toward Ransom and largely intact above Vosburg between Lackawanna Campground and Horse Race Falls. At Laceyville a museum known as the Oldest House was once a lockkeeper's house. Other remnants such as crib work, canal embankments, iron spikes, and timbers could be found here and there along the full length of the canal.[9]

Points of interest

Feature Coordinates Description
Athens 41°57′26″N 76°31′05″W / 41.95722°N 76.51806°W / 41.95722; -76.51806 (Athens, Pennsylvania)[1] Town near the northern terminus
Wilkes-Barre 41°14′34″N 75°52′50″W / 41.24278°N 75.88056°W / 41.24278; -75.88056 (Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania)[10] City near the midpoint of the canal
Northumberland 40°53′30″N 76°47′51″W / 40.89167°N 76.79750°W / 40.89167; -76.79750 (Northumberland, Pennsylvania)[11] Town at the southern terminus

See also

Notes and references

Notes
  1. ^ Coordinates derived from Google Earth with reference to Figure 23 in Petrullo's Anthracite and Slackwater showing the location of the canal along the west bank of the Chemung River at the Pennsylvania – New York border.[2]
  2. ^ Derived by adding the combined lift of the locks, 334 feet (102 m), to the elevation of the North Branch Susquehanna River (identical to the elevation of the West Branch Susquehanna River) at Northumberland, 420 feet (130 m).
References
  1. ^ a b "Athens". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. August 30, 1990. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  2. ^ Petrullo, p. 101
  3. ^ a b c d Shank, pp. 51–52
  4. ^ "West Branch Susquehanna River". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. August 2, 1979. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  5. ^ Appeal of Harris et al. Weekly Notes of Cases Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. Vol. XXI. March 29, 1888. pp. 189–190.
  6. ^ a b c d Shank, p. 115
  7. ^ Whitford and Beal, Chapter 18
  8. ^ "Introduction to Pennsylvania's Historic Canals". Pennsylvania Canal Society. Retrieved November 26, 2007.
  9. ^ Petrillo (1986), pp. 237–242
  10. ^ "City of Wilkes-Barre". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. August 30, 1990. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  11. ^ "Northumberland". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. August 2, 1979. Retrieved March 19, 2009.

Works cited

  • Petrillo, F. Charles (1986). Anthracite and Slackwater: The North Branch Canal 1828–1901. Easton, Pennsylvania: Center for Canal History and Technology. ISBN 0-930973-04-6.
  • Shank, William H. (1986). The Amazing Pennsylvania Canals, 150th Anniversary Edition. York, Pennsylvania: American Canal and Transportation Center. ISBN 0-933788-37-1.
  • Whitford, Nobel E., and Beal, Minnie M. (1906). History of the Canal System of the State of New York Together with Brief Histories of the Canals of the United States and Canada, . Albany, New York: Brandow Printing Company. OCLC 2059401. Retrieved March 21, 2010.

External links

  • Pennsylvania Canal Society
  • American Canal Society
  • National Canal Museum
Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap 
Download coordinates as: KML

pennsylvania, canal, north, branch, division, north, branch, division, pennsylvania, canal, historic, waterway, that, miles, along, north, branch, susquehanna, river, between, southern, york, north, central, pennsylvania, southern, canal, connected, with, west. The North Branch Division of the Pennsylvania Canal was a historic waterway that ran 169 miles 272 km along the North Branch Susquehanna River between southern New York and north central Pennsylvania At its southern end the canal connected with the West Branch Canal and the Susquehanna Division Canal at Northumberland while on the north it connected with the Junction Canal and the New York canal system Built between 1828 and 1856 the North Branch Canal was part of a large transportation network that included Pennsylvania s Main Line of Public Works 3 North Branch Pennsylvania CanalNorth Branch Canal near Shickshinny in about 1900SpecificationsLength169 miles 272 km Locks43StatusHistoric abandonedHistoryConstruction began1828Date completed1856 1856 GeographyStart pointChemung River 1 n 1 End pointSusquehanna River Contents 1 History 2 Locks first segment 3 Chenango Extension 4 Remnants 5 Points of interest 6 See also 7 Notes and references 8 Works cited 9 External linksHistory EditThe first segment of 55 miles 89 km was begun in 1828 and completed in 1831 to Nanticoke Falls In 1834 a project called the Wyoming Extension increased the canal s length by 17 miles 27 km past Wilkes Barre to Pittston A final extension of 97 miles 156 km from Pittston to the New York state line was started in 1836 and finished in 1856 3 The complete canal had a total of 43 locks that overcame 334 feet 102 m of elevation between its end points 3 The southern end was 420 feet 130 m 4 above sea level and the northern end was at 754 feet 230 m n 2 The privately built Junction Canal of 18 miles 29 km linked the North Branch Canal to Elmira There the Junction Canal connected with the Chemung Canal which led north to Seneca Lake and the Erie Canal Through these connections boats using the Pennsylvania Canal system were able to travel as far as Buffalo and Lake Champlain 3 In 1858 the canal from Northampton Street in Wilkes Barre to the state line was sold to the North Branch Canal Company which in turn sold it to the Lehigh Valley Railroad in 1865 The railroad laid tracks along portions of the canal towpath and operated both until 1872 when it was authorized by the state legislature to close the canal 5 Locks first segment Edit Hanging rock road railroad canal and Susquehanna River near Catawissa in about 1890 1901 No 6 Lift 6 Canal mile 6 km Remarks 6 0 0 0 miles0 0 km Northumberland Canal Basin1 11 49 feet 3 50 m 1 2 miles 1 9 km 2 11 21 feet 3 42 m 14 2 miles 22 9 km 2 miles 3 2 km above Danville3 10 65 feet 3 25 m 21 7 miles 34 9 km Rupert4 5 51 feet 1 68 m 23 1 miles 37 2 km Bloomsburg5 9 63 feet 2 94 m 30 0 miles 48 3 km Stoneytown6 8 48 feet 2 58 m 36 2 miles 58 3 km Berwick7 8 92 feet 2 72 m 39 3 miles 63 2 km Beach Haven8 1 93 feet 0 59 m 55 8 miles 89 8 km Guard lock at NanticokeChenango Extension EditIn 1863 the New York Legislature authorized construction of another canal the Chenango Canal Extension meant to run about 40 miles 64 km along the North Branch Susquehanna River from Binghamton New York to the Pennsylvania New York border The plans called for construction of an east west crosscut canal linking the Chenango Canal Extension to the North Branch Canal which followed the Chemung River rather than the North Branch Susquehanna River north of Athens Cost overruns waning enthusiasm for canals and funding delays led to abandonment of the project in 1872 after most of the work on the northern 30 miles 48 km of the line had been completed Beyond planning no work had been done on the southernmost 10 miles 16 km when the project ended 7 Remnants EditSusquehanna Riverlands in Salem Township 8 miles 13 km south of Wilkes Barre has 0 5 miles 0 8 km of river walking path and filled canal owned and managed by Pennsylvania Power and Light Company 8 Lock No 1 and a section of the original North Branch Canal in Northumberland were intact in 1986 as was Lock No 2 below Bloomsburg Occasional sections of canal bed remained between Shickshinny and West Nanticoke and the West Nanticoke guard lock was intact Canal bed was visible from the Lackawanna River toward Ransom and largely intact above Vosburg between Lackawanna Campground and Horse Race Falls At Laceyville a museum known as the Oldest House was once a lockkeeper s house Other remnants such as crib work canal embankments iron spikes and timbers could be found here and there along the full length of the canal 9 Points of interest EditFeature Coordinates DescriptionAthens 41 57 26 N 76 31 05 W 41 95722 N 76 51806 W 41 95722 76 51806 Athens Pennsylvania 1 Town near the northern terminusWilkes Barre 41 14 34 N 75 52 50 W 41 24278 N 75 88056 W 41 24278 75 88056 Wilkes Barre Pennsylvania 10 City near the midpoint of the canalNorthumberland 40 53 30 N 76 47 51 W 40 89167 N 76 79750 W 40 89167 76 79750 Northumberland Pennsylvania 11 Town at the southern terminusSee also EditList of canals in the United StatesNotes and references EditNotes Coordinates derived from Google Earth with reference to Figure 23 in Petrullo s Anthracite and Slackwater showing the location of the canal along the west bank of the Chemung River at the Pennsylvania New York border 2 Derived by adding the combined lift of the locks 334 feet 102 m to the elevation of the North Branch Susquehanna River identical to the elevation of the West Branch Susquehanna River at Northumberland 420 feet 130 m References a b Athens Geographic Names Information System United States Geological Survey August 30 1990 Retrieved March 19 2009 Petrullo p 101 a b c d Shank pp 51 52 West Branch Susquehanna River Geographic Names Information System United States Geological Survey August 2 1979 Retrieved March 19 2009 Appeal of Harris et al Weekly Notes of Cases Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania Vol XXI March 29 1888 pp 189 190 a b c d Shank p 115 Whitford and Beal Chapter 18 Introduction to Pennsylvania s Historic Canals Pennsylvania Canal Society Retrieved November 26 2007 Petrillo 1986 pp 237 242 City of Wilkes Barre Geographic Names Information System United States Geological Survey August 30 1990 Retrieved March 19 2009 Northumberland Geographic Names Information System United States Geological Survey August 2 1979 Retrieved March 19 2009 Works cited EditPetrillo F Charles 1986 Anthracite and Slackwater The North Branch Canal 1828 1901 Easton Pennsylvania Center for Canal History and Technology ISBN 0 930973 04 6 Shank William H 1986 The Amazing Pennsylvania Canals 150th Anniversary Edition York Pennsylvania American Canal and Transportation Center ISBN 0 933788 37 1 Whitford Nobel E and Beal Minnie M 1906 History of the Canal System of the State of New York Together with Brief Histories of the Canals of the United States and Canada Chapter 18 The Chenango Canal Extension Albany New York Brandow Printing Company OCLC 2059401 Retrieved March 21 2010 External links EditPennsylvania Canal Society American Canal Society National Canal MuseumMap all coordinates using OpenStreetMap Download coordinates as KML Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pennsylvania Canal North Branch Division amp oldid 1101761301, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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