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North–South Pipeline

The North–South Pipeline, also known as the Sugarloaf Pipeline, is a water pipeline in Central Victoria, Australia, northeast of Melbourne that is part of Victoria's water system, acting as a link between Melbourne's water grid and the Murray-Goulburn water grid, supplying water via a series of existing and proposed pipelines. The 70-kilometre pipeline was connected to Melbourne in February 2010 to carry water from the Goulburn River to Melbourne's Sugarloaf Reservoir. It is the government's policy that it only be used in times of critical human need: when Melbourne's total water storages are less than 30% full on 30 November of any year.[1] The pipeline can transfer a portion of Lake Eildon's water that is set aside for Melbourne, called the critical water reserve. This was 38,400 megalitres at 2 June 2014, and any changes are based on Goulburn-Murray Water's advice.[1]

The north–south pipeline crossing the Yea River at Glenburn.
Protest sign about the North South pipeline near Bonnie Doon.

The North–South Pipeline was presented through the late 2000s as being part of the Victorian government's "Our Water, Our Future", which included other major projects such as the Wonthaggi desalination plant, the Cardinia Pipeline and a proposed interconnector to Geelong.[2][3]

The pipeline runs between a location on the Goulburn River, near Yea and heads south towards the Sugarloaf Reservoir north-east of Melbourne, along the Melba Highway. The Goulburn River is a major tributary of the Murray Darling river system and major agricultural region, whilst Sugarloaf Reservoir is a major storage reservoir for Melbourne's water supply. The pipeline cost $750 million and was delivered under an alliance model between Melbourne Water, John Holland, SKM and GHD.[4]

The pipeline is expected to add up to 75 billion litres annually to Melbourne's water supply, roughly one third of the 225 gigalitres (billion litres) proposed to be saved by irrigation and modernisation plans and projects in northern Victoria's Murray-Goulburn Irrigation District.[5] The 225 gigalitres in savings is intended to be split 75 to Melbourne, 75 to irrigators and 75 to the watercourses themselves.

Context edit

In 2007, the Victorian Government announced the "Foodbowl Modernisation Plan" to save 225 gigalitres (GL) of water through a $1 billion investment in the Murray–Goulburn Gravity Irrigation Districts. This was later increased to $2 billion with another 200 GL of savings identified.

The Goulburn is Victoria's largest and longest river, accounting for an average annual flow of 3,040 GL.[6] Of this, about 700 GL is used within the Goulburn-Broken basin, and a further 850 GL transferred to irrigation areas outside the basin.[6] After transmission losses of about 670 GL, a net outflow from the basin to the Murray of 350 GL remains. The population of the basin from this source is given as 100,000. Including Shepparton, Echuca and the tributary Broken catchment- it is estimated at 250,000.[7]

The notion of diverting water out of the Murray Darling Basin to provide urban water supply has stirred emotions among country and city residents. Diverting water between basins is not new however. The Snowy Mountains Scheme diverts Snowy River flows from its own catchment to the Murray Darling Basin in earlier decades. This source supplies 2,100 GL of water for generating power and providing irrigation water. This compares with the 75 GL contested water savings to be diverted out of the Basin for urban use.

Although most people in Victoria live in Melbourne, the city only uses 8% of the regulated surface water, the major portion going to irrigation supply.[8] As of September 2009, Melbourne's water storages were less than 30% full prior to the onset of the drier summer period.[9] This situation had generally worsened over the course of previous twelve years.[10] Inflows into Melbourne's storages over that twelve-year period averaged almost 40% less than the previous long-term average.[9]

As of 2009, consumption in Melbourne was about 450 GL /year.[11] With decreasing inflows to its water catchments and continuing population growth, a shortfall of supply of up to 200 GL / year is anticipated by 2055.[12] A number of strategies have been proposed, including reducing individual consumer demand, recycling "grey" water and sewerage, various means of conservation, and sourcing additional water from elsewhere: including the Goulburn River and Kilcunda desalination plant. The strategy proposes to meet the projected shortfall of demand over existing supply 42% from conservation, and 53% from additional sources.[13]

South-eastern Australia experienced widespread drought at the beginning of the 21st century, which has been linked to human-induced climate change.[14] This has impacted upon rainfall in the region. The amount of water in Melbourne's water storage dams decreased between 1998 and 2009,[15][16] as a result of those droughts, despite frequent water-usage restrictions.[17]

In June 2007, the Victorian Government released their water plan, Our Water Our Future. As part of this plan, the government announced its intention to develop a seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant and construct a pipeline to augment Melbourne's water supply, as well as other regional supply systems.[18] With the completion of the pipeline and desalination plant, it is anticipated that certain water restrictions will be removed.[19]

Route edit

The pipeline traverses a distance of approximately 70 km from a location on the Goulburn River, near Yea (37°09′50″S 145°25′24″E / 37.163793°S 145.423265°E / -37.163793; 145.423265) and heads in a south-southeast direction towards the Sugarloaf Reservoir (37°40′10″S 145°18′29″E / 37.669436°S 145.307944°E / -37.669436; 145.307944) northeast of Melbourne. The route travels roughly alongside the Melba Highway, southwards, until it splits in its direction towards the reservoir.

The pipeline's route cuts through parts of the Kinglake National Park and Toolangi State Forest.

Criticism and opposition edit

The North–South Pipeline has been criticised by environmental groups, irrigators and communities directly affected by the pipeline, some suggesting that the project is politically influenced and founded on an incorrect interpretation of available data.[20]

The Federal Opposition, Victorian Liberal Party, the National Party, and the Australian Greens opposed the pipeline,[21] with these objections detailed in the minority (dissenting) report section for the Water Amendment Bill 2008 (Saving the Goulburn and Murray Rivers),[22] which also highlighted the many objections to the pipeline in the majority of submissions to the Senate Inquiry.[23] Groups such as Plug the Pipe, the Victorian Farmers Federation, and Watershed Victoria also opposed the pipeline.

Greenhouse gas emissions over a 100-year life are estimated at 13.3 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent[1], the vast majority of which is generated by pumping water over the Great Dividing Range. The pipeline operator, Melbourne Water, states that only renewable energy is used for pumping and the system generates its own energy as water from the pipeline enters Sugarloaf Reservoir.""

On 20 October 2006 the Victorian Premier released a report "The Central Region Sustainable Water Strategy" in which the government claimed it wasn't viable to take water from the Goulburn Valley to Melbourne. The CSIRO has since released several reports of a similar opinion and has commented on the detrimental effect such a diversion may have on both the environment and the agricultural production.[citation needed]

Victorian Premier, Mr Brumby, has responded to criticisms saying, "Our estimates on the Food Bowl are actually quite conservative … Even in the dry years you've got 690 gigalitres of water lost," he said. "I'm more convinced than ever it's the right project."[3] On 4 January 2010, The Age newspaper published an analysis showing that "Melbourne may never need water from the controversial north–south pipeline, with a stocktake showing existing storages and minimal rainfall should easily supply the city beyond the start of the desalination plant next year."[24]

In the Victorian state election in November 2010 a new government led by the Liberal Party's Ted Baillieu was elected. Baillieu has declared that his government will shut down the pipeline.[25]

Statistics withheld edit

Statistics relating to water saved by irrigation upgrades in the Goulburn-Murray district for the year to June 2009 were expected to be released by the State Government by the end of the year (31 December 2009). However, by 1 January 2010, the "Our Water Our Future" website still displayed the message that the savings would be released "before the end of 2009".[26]

As The Age reported; "A spokesman for Water Minister Tim Holding said the audited savings would be released "shortly", but neither he nor the Department of Sustainability and Environment could offer a specific reason for the delay."[26]

Environmental effects edit

The Federal Government set conditions on construction of the pipeline under the Environmental Protection Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act.[citation needed]

In June, Friends of the Earth (FoE) released its report Out of sight, out of mind?. The group's assessment of the ecological impacts of the North South pipeline claimed that a 12 kilometre long, 30 metre wide corridor cleared through the Toolangi State Forest had affected at least four Special Protection Zones (SPZ).[27]

The Sugarloaf Pipeline Alliance prepared a compliance report on the pipeline which concluded that the known or possible habitats of a number of vulnerable species, including matted flax-lily, the golden sun moth, striped legless lizard, and growling grass frog had been compromised during the construction of the pipeline.[28]

Project timeline edit

2006 edit

  • 20 October – report released by the State Government "The Central Region Sustainable Water Strategy", which suggested it was not viable to take water from the Goulburn Valley to Melbourne.

2007 edit

  • The "Foodbowl Modernisation Plan" is announced by the State Government.
  • June – the Victorian Government announces their intention to build the North–South Pipeline as part of the Our Water Our Future water plan.

2009 edit

  • 31 December – Water savings from the Goulburn-Murray district irrigation upgrades expected to be released are withheld without explanation.

2010 edit

  • 10 February – Pipeline is turned on at Sugarloaf Reservoir.
  • 7 September – Due to heavy Spring rains, flows through the pipeline were temporarily suspended.

References edit

  1. ^ a b Melbourne Water, North–South Pipeline
  2. ^ "Garrett gives pipeline go ahead". ABC News. 12 September 2008.
  3. ^ . Melbourne Water. 16 June 2009. Archived from the original on 3 July 2009. Retrieved 4 July 2009.
  4. ^ . Archived from the original on 16 October 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2012.
  5. ^ Our Water Our Future water plan by Victorian Government
  6. ^ a b (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  7. ^ . Archived from the original on 14 October 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  8. ^ . Archived from the original on 25 February 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2010.
  9. ^ a b . Archived from the original on 6 September 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  10. ^ . Archived from the original on 7 September 2010. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  11. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 September 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  12. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 September 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  13. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 September 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  14. ^ Stoddard, Ed (10 March 2009). "FACTBOX: The world's water and climate change". Reuters.
  15. ^ . Archived from the original on 1 July 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2009.
  16. ^ . Archived from the original on 4 July 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2009.
  17. ^ ABC News article on 3a water restrictions
  18. ^ . Archived from the original on 19 May 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2009.
  19. ^ The Age article on removing water restrictions
  20. ^ D!ssent, Article by Kenneth Davidson "Water Lies", Issue 31 Summer 09/10
  21. ^ "Oppn, Greens move to stop North-South pipeline". Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
  22. ^ . Archived from the original on 22 May 2009. Retrieved 11 May 2009.
  23. ^ . Archived from the original on 22 May 2009. Retrieved 11 May 2009.
  24. ^ Ker, Peter (4 January 2010). "City will not need pipe water". The Age. Melbourne.
  25. ^ "Baillieu vows open government". Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
  26. ^ a b The Age, Peter Ker "No sign of water savings figures", January 1, 2010
  27. ^ . Archived from the original on 9 October 2009. Retrieved 16 October 2009.
  28. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2009. Retrieved 16 October 2009.

External links edit

north, south, pipeline, also, known, sugarloaf, pipeline, water, pipeline, central, victoria, australia, northeast, melbourne, that, part, victoria, water, system, acting, link, between, melbourne, water, grid, murray, goulburn, water, grid, supplying, water, . The North South Pipeline also known as the Sugarloaf Pipeline is a water pipeline in Central Victoria Australia northeast of Melbourne that is part of Victoria s water system acting as a link between Melbourne s water grid and the Murray Goulburn water grid supplying water via a series of existing and proposed pipelines The 70 kilometre pipeline was connected to Melbourne in February 2010 to carry water from the Goulburn River to Melbourne s Sugarloaf Reservoir It is the government s policy that it only be used in times of critical human need when Melbourne s total water storages are less than 30 full on 30 November of any year 1 The pipeline can transfer a portion of Lake Eildon s water that is set aside for Melbourne called the critical water reserve This was 38 400 megalitres at 2 June 2014 and any changes are based on Goulburn Murray Water s advice 1 The north south pipeline crossing the Yea River at Glenburn Protest sign about the North South pipeline near Bonnie Doon The North South Pipeline was presented through the late 2000s as being part of the Victorian government s Our Water Our Future which included other major projects such as the Wonthaggi desalination plant the Cardinia Pipeline and a proposed interconnector to Geelong 2 3 The pipeline runs between a location on the Goulburn River near Yea and heads south towards the Sugarloaf Reservoir north east of Melbourne along the Melba Highway The Goulburn River is a major tributary of the Murray Darling river system and major agricultural region whilst Sugarloaf Reservoir is a major storage reservoir for Melbourne s water supply The pipeline cost 750 million and was delivered under an alliance model between Melbourne Water John Holland SKM and GHD 4 The pipeline is expected to add up to 75 billion litres annually to Melbourne s water supply roughly one third of the 225 gigalitres billion litres proposed to be saved by irrigation and modernisation plans and projects in northern Victoria s Murray Goulburn Irrigation District 5 The 225 gigalitres in savings is intended to be split 75 to Melbourne 75 to irrigators and 75 to the watercourses themselves Contents 1 Context 2 Route 3 Criticism and opposition 3 1 Statistics withheld 4 Environmental effects 5 Project timeline 5 1 2006 5 2 2007 5 3 2009 5 4 2010 6 References 7 External linksContext editThis section needs to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information March 2024 In 2007 the Victorian Government announced the Foodbowl Modernisation Plan to save 225 gigalitres GL of water through a 1 billion investment in the Murray Goulburn Gravity Irrigation Districts This was later increased to 2 billion with another 200 GL of savings identified The Goulburn is Victoria s largest and longest river accounting for an average annual flow of 3 040 GL 6 Of this about 700 GL is used within the Goulburn Broken basin and a further 850 GL transferred to irrigation areas outside the basin 6 After transmission losses of about 670 GL a net outflow from the basin to the Murray of 350 GL remains The population of the basin from this source is given as 100 000 Including Shepparton Echuca and the tributary Broken catchment it is estimated at 250 000 7 The notion of diverting water out of the Murray Darling Basin to provide urban water supply has stirred emotions among country and city residents Diverting water between basins is not new however The Snowy Mountains Scheme diverts Snowy River flows from its own catchment to the Murray Darling Basin in earlier decades This source supplies 2 100 GL of water for generating power and providing irrigation water This compares with the 75 GL contested water savings to be diverted out of the Basin for urban use Although most people in Victoria live in Melbourne the city only uses 8 of the regulated surface water the major portion going to irrigation supply 8 As of September 2009 Melbourne s water storages were less than 30 full prior to the onset of the drier summer period 9 This situation had generally worsened over the course of previous twelve years 10 Inflows into Melbourne s storages over that twelve year period averaged almost 40 less than the previous long term average 9 As of 2009 consumption in Melbourne was about 450 GL year 11 With decreasing inflows to its water catchments and continuing population growth a shortfall of supply of up to 200 GL year is anticipated by 2055 12 A number of strategies have been proposed including reducing individual consumer demand recycling grey water and sewerage various means of conservation and sourcing additional water from elsewhere including the Goulburn River and Kilcunda desalination plant The strategy proposes to meet the projected shortfall of demand over existing supply 42 from conservation and 53 from additional sources 13 South eastern Australia experienced widespread drought at the beginning of the 21st century which has been linked to human induced climate change 14 This has impacted upon rainfall in the region The amount of water in Melbourne s water storage dams decreased between 1998 and 2009 15 16 as a result of those droughts despite frequent water usage restrictions 17 In June 2007 the Victorian Government released their water plan Our Water Our Future As part of this plan the government announced its intention to develop a seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant and construct a pipeline to augment Melbourne s water supply as well as other regional supply systems 18 With the completion of the pipeline and desalination plant it is anticipated that certain water restrictions will be removed 19 Route editThe pipeline traverses a distance of approximately 70 km from a location on the Goulburn River near Yea 37 09 50 S 145 25 24 E 37 163793 S 145 423265 E 37 163793 145 423265 and heads in a south southeast direction towards the Sugarloaf Reservoir 37 40 10 S 145 18 29 E 37 669436 S 145 307944 E 37 669436 145 307944 northeast of Melbourne The route travels roughly alongside the Melba Highway southwards until it splits in its direction towards the reservoir The pipeline s route cuts through parts of the Kinglake National Park and Toolangi State Forest Criticism and opposition editThe North South Pipeline has been criticised by environmental groups irrigators and communities directly affected by the pipeline some suggesting that the project is politically influenced and founded on an incorrect interpretation of available data 20 The Federal Opposition Victorian Liberal Party the National Party and the Australian Greens opposed the pipeline 21 with these objections detailed in the minority dissenting report section for the Water Amendment Bill 2008 Saving the Goulburn and Murray Rivers 22 which also highlighted the many objections to the pipeline in the majority of submissions to the Senate Inquiry 23 Groups such as Plug the Pipe the Victorian Farmers Federation and Watershed Victoria also opposed the pipeline Greenhouse gas emissions over a 100 year life are estimated at 13 3 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent 1 the vast majority of which is generated by pumping water over the Great Dividing Range The pipeline operator Melbourne Water states that only renewable energy is used for pumping and the system generates its own energy as water from the pipeline enters Sugarloaf Reservoir 2 On 20 October 2006 the Victorian Premier released a report The Central Region Sustainable Water Strategy in which the government claimed it wasn t viable to take water from the Goulburn Valley to Melbourne The CSIRO has since released several reports of a similar opinion and has commented on the detrimental effect such a diversion may have on both the environment and the agricultural production citation needed Victorian Premier Mr Brumby has responded to criticisms saying Our estimates on the Food Bowl are actually quite conservative Even in the dry years you ve got 690 gigalitres of water lost he said I m more convinced than ever it s the right project 3 On 4 January 2010 The Age newspaper published an analysis showing that Melbourne may never need water from the controversial north south pipeline with a stocktake showing existing storages and minimal rainfall should easily supply the city beyond the start of the desalination plant next year 24 In the Victorian state election in November 2010 a new government led by the Liberal Party s Ted Baillieu was elected Baillieu has declared that his government will shut down the pipeline 25 Statistics withheld edit Statistics relating to water saved by irrigation upgrades in the Goulburn Murray district for the year to June 2009 were expected to be released by the State Government by the end of the year 31 December 2009 However by 1 January 2010 the Our Water Our Future website still displayed the message that the savings would be released before the end of 2009 26 As The Age reported A spokesman for Water Minister Tim Holding said the audited savings would be released shortly but neither he nor the Department of Sustainability and Environment could offer a specific reason for the delay 26 Environmental effects editThe Federal Government set conditions on construction of the pipeline under the Environmental Protection Biodiversity Conservation EPBC Act citation needed In June Friends of the Earth FoE released its report Out of sight out of mind The group s assessment of the ecological impacts of the North South pipeline claimed that a 12 kilometre long 30 metre wide corridor cleared through the Toolangi State Forest had affected at least four Special Protection Zones SPZ 27 The Sugarloaf Pipeline Alliance prepared a compliance report on the pipeline which concluded that the known or possible habitats of a number of vulnerable species including matted flax lily the golden sun moth striped legless lizard and growling grass frog had been compromised during the construction of the pipeline 28 Project timeline edit2006 edit 20 October report released by the State Government The Central Region Sustainable Water Strategy which suggested it was not viable to take water from the Goulburn Valley to Melbourne 2007 edit The Foodbowl Modernisation Plan is announced by the State Government June the Victorian Government announces their intention to build the North South Pipeline as part of the Our Water Our Future water plan 2009 edit 31 December Water savings from the Goulburn Murray district irrigation upgrades expected to be released are withheld without explanation 2010 edit 10 February Pipeline is turned on at Sugarloaf Reservoir 7 September Due to heavy Spring rains flows through the pipeline were temporarily suspended 4 References edit a b Melbourne Water North South Pipeline Garrett gives pipeline go ahead ABC News 12 September 2008 The Next Stage of the Government s Plan Melbourne Water 16 June 2009 Archived from the original on 3 July 2009 Retrieved 4 July 2009 John Holland Archived from the original on 16 October 2012 Retrieved 13 September 2012 Our Water Our Future water plan by Victorian Government a b Bureau of Rural Sciences Bureau of Meteorology Goulburn River River Basin Summary PDF Archived from the original PDF on 29 October 2009 Retrieved 5 September 2009 Co operative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology Goulburn Broken River Archived from the original on 14 October 2009 Retrieved 5 September 2009 Our Water Our Future 2007 2008 Victorian Water Accounts Archived from the original on 25 February 2011 Retrieved 12 April 2010 a b Melbourne Water Water Report Archived from the original on 6 September 2009 Retrieved 5 September 2009 Melbourne Water Water System Storage Archived from the original on 7 September 2010 Retrieved 5 September 2009 Melbourne Water Supply Demand Strategy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 15 September 2009 Retrieved 5 September 2009 ibid p 30 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 15 September 2009 Retrieved 5 September 2009 ibid p 49 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 15 September 2009 Retrieved 5 September 2009 Stoddard Ed 10 March 2009 FACTBOX The world s water and climate change Reuters Melbourne Water Archived from the original on 1 July 2009 Retrieved 26 June 2009 OurWater com au background Archived from the original on 4 July 2009 Retrieved 26 June 2009 ABC News article on 3a water restrictions Our Water Our Future the Next Stage of the Government s Plan Archived from the original on 19 May 2009 Retrieved 26 June 2009 The Age article on removing water restrictions D ssent Article by Kenneth Davidson Water Lies Issue 31 Summer 09 10 Oppn Greens move to stop North South pipeline Australian Broadcasting Corporation Parliament of Australia Senate Committees Environment Communications and the Arts Committee Water Amendment Saving the Goulburn and Murray Rivers Bill 2008 Archived from the original on 22 May 2009 Retrieved 11 May 2009 Parliament of Australia Senate Committees Environment Communications and the Arts Inquiry into the Water Amendment Save the Goulburn and Murray Rivers Bill 2008 Submissions received Archived from the original on 22 May 2009 Retrieved 11 May 2009 Ker Peter 4 January 2010 City will not need pipe water The Age Melbourne Baillieu vows open government Australian Broadcasting Corporation a b The Age Peter Ker No sign of water savings figures January 1 2010 Friends of the Earth North South Pipeline report June 2009 Archived from the original on 9 October 2009 Retrieved 16 October 2009 Sugarloaf Pipeline SLPA Annual Report August 2009 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 14 October 2009 Retrieved 16 October 2009 External links edithttps web archive org web 20091014181953 http www sugarloafpipeline com au https web archive org web 20080721045046 http www ourwater vic gov au programs irrigation renewal nvirp https web archive org web 20090629061029 http www melbournewater com au content current projects water supply sugarloaf pipeline project sugarloaf pipeline project asp Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title North South Pipeline amp oldid 1211731318, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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