National research and education network

A national research and education network (NREN) is a specialised internet service provider dedicated to supporting the needs of the research and education communities within a country.

It is usually distinguished by support for a high-speed backbone network, often offering dedicated channels for individual research projects.

In recent years NRENs have developed many 'above the net' services.

List of NRENs by geographic area

East and Southern Africa

• UbuntuNet Alliance for Research and Education Networking - the Alliance of NRENs of East and Southern Africa
• Eb@le - DRC NREN
• EthERNet - Ethiopian NREN
• iRENALA - Malagasy NREN
• KENET - Kenyan NREN
• MAREN - Malawian NREN
• MoRENet - Mozambican NREN
• RENU - Ugandan NREN
• RwEdNet - Rwanda NREN
• SomaliREN - Somali NREN
• SudREN - Sudanese NREN
• TENET/SANReN - South African NREN
• TERNET - Tanzanian NREN
• Xnet - Namibian NREN
• ZAMREN - Zambian NREN

North Africa

• ASREN - Arab States Research and Education Network
• TUREN - Tunisian NREN
• MARWAN - Moroccan NREN
• ENREN - Egyptian NREN
• ARN (Algeria) - Algerian NREN
• SudREN - Sudanese NREN
• SomaliREN - Somali NREN

West and Central Africa

• WACREN - West and Central African Research and Education Network
• GARNET - Ghanaian NREN
• TogoRER - Togolese NREN
• GhREN - Ghanaian NREN
• MaliREN - Mali NREN
• Niger-REN - Nigerien NREN
• RITER - Côte d'Ivoire NREN
• SnRER - Senegalese NREN
• NgREN - Nigerian NREN
• Eko-Konnect Research and Education Network - Nigerian NREN
• LRREN - Liberia Research and Education Network

Asia Pacific

• APAN - Asia-Pacific Advanced Network
• AARNet - Australian NREN
• AfgREN - Afghanistan NREN
• BDREN - Bangladeshi NREN
• CSTNET - China Science and Technology Network
• CERNET - China Education and Research Network
• ERNET - Indian NREN
• HARNET - Hong Kong NREN
• KOREN - Korean NREN
• KREONET- Korean NREN
• IDREN - Indonesian NREN
• LEARN - Sri Lankan NREN
• SINET - Japanese NREN
• MYREN - Malaysian NREN
• NKN - Indian NREN
• NREN - Nepal NREN
• NREN - Islamic Republic of Iran NREN
• REANNZ - New Zealand NREN
• PERN - Pakistani NREN
• PREGINET - Philippine NREN
• SingAREN - Singaporean NREN
• TWAREN - Taiwanese NREN
• UniNet - Thai NREN
• VinaRen - Vietnamese NREN
• CamREN- Cambodia NREN
• TEIN - Trans Eurasia Information Network

North America

• United States – although advocated since the 1980s,^[1] the U.S. does not have one single NREN.

Name	Type
Internet2	national
National LambdaRail	national [closed]
vBNS	national [closed]
Edge	state (New Jersey)
ESnet	national
NEREN	regional (New England)
CENIC	state (California)
CEN	state (Connecticut)
NEREN	regional (Midwest|-
Illinois Century Network	state (Illinois)
KanREN	state (Kansas)
LEARN	state (Texas) ^[2]
Merit Network	state (Michigan)
NERO	state (Oregon)
NCREN	state (North Carolina)
NYSERNet	state (New York)
OARnet	state (Ohio)
OneNet	state (Oklahoma)
OSHEAN	state (Rhode Island)
PennREN	state (Pennsylvania)
THEnet	state (Texas) ^[3]
UEN	state (Utah)
WVNET	state (West Virginia)
WiscNet	state (Wisconsin)

• Canada

Name	Type
CANARIE	national
ACORN-NL	provincial (Newfoundland and Labrador)
ACORN-NS	provincial (Nova Scotia)
BCNET	provincial (British Columbia)
Cybera	provincial (Alberta)
GTAnet	provincial (Ontario)
ECN	provincial (New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island)
MRnet	provincial (Manitoba) ^[4]
ORION	provincial (Ontario)
RISQ	provincial (Quebec)
SRNet	provincial (Saskatchewan)

Latin America

 

High-speed Fibre Optic Data Link to ALMA and REUNA.^[5]

• RedCLARA - Cooperación Latino Americana de Redes Avanzadas (Association of Latin American NRENs)
• Innova-Red - Argentinian NREN
• ADSIB - Bolivian NREN
• RNP - Brazilian NREN
• REUNA - Chilean NREN
• RENATA - Colombian NREN
• RedCONARE - Costa Rican NREN
• CEDIA - Ecuadorian NREN
• RAICES - El Salvadoran NREN
• RAGIE - Guatemalan NREN
• Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana (UNITEC) - Honduran NREN
• CUDI - Mexican NREN
• RENIA - Nicaraguan NREN
• RedCyT - Panamanian NREN
• Arandu - Paraguayan NREN
• RAAP - Peruvian NREN
• RAU - Uruguayan NREN
• REACCIUN CNTI?- Venezuelan NREN

Caribbean

• C@ribNET - Caribbean NREN
• TTRENT - Trinidad and Tobago NREN
• JREN - Jamaica NREN
• RADEI - NREN of the Dominican Republic

Europe

• European Academic and Research Network
• GÉANT - Develops and maintains the GÉANT backbone network on behalf of European NRENs. Formerly DANTE and TERENA.
• CEENet - Central and Eastern European Research Networking Association ^[6]
• Eumedconnect - South Mediterranean Backbone
• ANA Albanian NREN
• ASNET-AM - Armenian NREN
• ACOnet - Austrian NREN
• AzScienceNet Azerbaijan NREN
• BASNET - Belarus NREN
• Belnet - Belgian NREN
• BREN - Bulgarian NREN
• CESNET - Czech NREN
• CARNET - Croatian NREN
• CYNET - Cypriot NREN
• SURF - Dutch NREN
• EENet - Estonian NREN
• RENATER - French NREN
• Deutsches Forschungsnetz (DFN) - German NREN
• GRENA - Georgian NREN
• GRNET - Greek NREN
• KIFU/NIIF Program - Hungarian NREN
• HEAnet - Irish NREN
• GARR - Italian NREN
• KazRENA - Kazakhstan NREN
• SigmaNet - Latvian NREN
• LITNET - Lithuanian NREN
• RESTENA - Luxembourg NREN
• MARNET - Macedonian NREN
• RiċerkaNet - Maltese NREN
• RENAM - Moldovian NREN
• MREN - Montenegro NREN
• SURF - Netherlands NREN (formerly SURFnet)
• PIONIER (PSNC) - Polish NREN
• FCCN - Portuguese NREN
• RoEduNet - Romanian NREN
• RUNNet - Russian NREN
• AMRES - Serbian NREN
• ARNES - Slovenian NREN
• SANET - Slovakian NREN
• RedIRIS - Spanish NREN
• SWITCH - Swiss NREN
• ULAKBIM - Turkish NREN
• URAN - Ukrainian NREN
• Jisc - United Kingdom NREN, operator of the Janet network
• KREN - Kosovo NREN

Nordic countries

• NORDUnet - Nordic backbone network
  • DeiC - Danish NREN
  • FUNET - Finnish NREN
  • RHnet - Icelandic NREN
  • SUNET - Swedish NREN
  • UNINETT - Norwegian NREN

Middle East

• Maeen Saudi Arabia NREN
• Eumedconnect - Mediterranean/North African Backbone
• ANKABUT UAE NREN
• OMREN Omani NREN
• IUCC - Israeli NREN
• JUnet Jordanian NREN
• IRAN SHOA Iranian NREN
• PALNREN Palestinian NREN
• Lebanon
• Birzeit Uni/AlQuds Palestinian Authority
• QNREN - Qatar NREN
• HIAST Syrian NREN

Central Asia

• RUNNet - Russian University Network, Russian NREN
• ASNET-AM - Armenian
• AzScienceNet Azerbaijan NREN
• GRENA - Georgian NREN
• KazRENA - Kazakhstan NREN
• KRENA - Kyrgyzian NREN
• TuRENA - Turkmenistan NREN
• UZSCINET - Uzbekistan NREN

See also

• Information superhighway
• Libraries and the US National Research and Education Network

References

1. National Research Council (U.S.). National Research Network Review Committee, Leonard Kleinrock; et al. (1988). Toward a National Research Network. National Academies. ISBN 9780309581257.
2. "LEARN: Lonestar Education and Research Network". Tx-learn.org. 2022-09-30. Retrieved 2022-11-28.
3. https://www.the.net/
4. "MRnet Manitoba Research Network - Enhancing Education and Research Through Advanced High Speed Optical Networks". Mrnet.mb.ca. Retrieved 2022-11-28.
5. "New High-speed Fibre Optic Data Link to ALMA". www.eso.org. European Southern Observatory. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
6. . 2012-04-03. Archived from the original on 2012-04-03. Retrieved 2022-11-28.

External links

• Terena Compendium
• Research and Education Networking FAQ