fbpx
Wikipedia

Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed

January 23, 2023

This article is about a person whose name includes a patronymic. The article properly refers to the person by their given name, Mohamed, and not as Abdullahi Mohamed.

Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed (Somali: Maxaamed Cabdullaahii Maxaamed, Arabic: محمد عبدالله محمد; born 11 March 1962), also known as Farmaajo, is a Somali politician who served as president of Somalia from 2017 to 2022. He was prime minister of Somalia for six months, from November 2010 to June 2011. Mohamed is the founder and leader of the Tayo Party since 2012.

Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed
Official portrait, 2017
9th President of Somalia
In office
16 February 2017 – 23 May 2022
Prime MinisterHassan Ali Khaire
Mahdi Mohammed Gulaid (acting)
Mohamed Hussein Roble
Preceded byHassan Sheikh Mohamud
Succeeded byHassan Sheikh Mohamud
14th Prime Minister of Somalia
In office
1 November 2010 – 19 June 2011
PresidentSharif Sheikh Ahmed
Preceded byAbdiwahid Elmi Gonjeh (acting)
Succeeded byAbdiweli Mohamed Ali
Leader of the Tayo Party
Assumed office
5 May 2012
Preceded byPosition established
Personal details
Born (1962-03-11) 11 March 1962 (age 60)
Mogadishu, Somalia
CitizenshipSomali
American (renounced 2019)[1]
Political partyTayo
Republican (United States)
SpouseSaynab Abdi Moallim
Children4
EducationUniversity at Buffalo (BA, MA)

Early life and education

Mohamed was born in Mogadishu. Mohamed comes from the Marehan, a sub-clan of the Darod clan. His parents were activists affiliated with the Somali Youth League (SYL), Somalia's first political party. During the 1970s, his father worked as a civil servant in the national Department of Transportation.[2] Mohamed attended a boarding school in Somalia.[2] When the civil war started in 1991 he claimed asylum in Canada and was eventually granted a Canadian passport. Later, he studied in the US where he also claimed political asylum and achieved American citizenship.[3][4]

While living in Buffalo in the United States, Mohamed was a registered Republican Party member.[5] Mohamed is a Somali citizen.[6][7] Mohamed renounced his American citizenship in August 2019.[8][9]

Mohamed is married to Saynab Abdi Moallim, the former First Lady of Somalia.[9][10][11] The couple have four children—two daughters and two sons—who still reside in the United States, as of 2019.[9][12]

Early career

He worked at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Somalia in an administrative capacity from 1982 to 1985.[13][14] Between 1985 and 1988, Mohamed acted as First Secretary in the Somali embassy in Washington.[6][13][15] After his arrival in America he put himself through school and achieved entry to the University at Buffalo. He graduated with a bachelor's degree in history in 1993.[16]

From 1994 to 1997, Mohamed was chosen as an at-large Commissioner for the Buffalo Municipal Housing Authority, and worked there as the finance chairman.[17][7] He also served as case manager for a lead abatement program in the city from 1995 to 1999. Between 2000 and 2002, Mohamed was a minority business coordinator for the Erie County Division of Equal Employment Opportunity.[7]

From 2002 until his appointment as Prime Minister in late 2010, he worked as Commissioner for Equal Employment at the New York State Department of Transportation in Buffalo.[13] During this time he also completed his master's degree in Political Science from the University at Buffalo with his thesis titled, ‘U.S. Strategic Interest in Somalia: From the Cold War Era to the War on Terror’ and taught leadership skills and conflict resolution at Erie Community College, part of the State University of New York (SUNY).[6]

In 2007, while Mohamed was leading a Somali community group in Buffalo, he was accused by some of the Somali-American leaders of manipulating the election process in the group, in order to stay in power, resulting in a split in the community.[4]

Political career

Prime Minister (2010–2011)

On 15 October 2010, Mohamed was appointed as new Prime Minister of Somalia.[18] Mohamed was sworn into office on 1 November 2010, at a ceremony held in the presidential residence, Villa Somalia.[19] On 12 November 2010, Mohamed named a new Cabinet, as per the Transitional Federal Government's (TFG) Charter.[20] The allotted ministerial positions were significantly reduced in number, with only 18 administrative posts unveiled versus the previous government's 39 portfolios. Only two Ministers from the previous Cabinet were reappointed.[21]

Reforms

In his statement to the UN Security Council on his first 50 days in office, Mohamed stated that his administration had initiated the implementation of a full biometric register for the security forces which was to be completed within a window of four months. Members of the Independent Constitutional Commission were also appointed to engage Somali constitutional lawyers, religious scholars and experts in Somali culture over the nation's scheduled new constitution, a key part of the government's Transitional Federal Tasks. High-level federal delegations were dispatched to defuse clan-related tensions in several regions.[22]

To improve transparency, Cabinet ministers fully disclosed their assets and signed a code of ethics. An Anti-Corruption Commission with the power to carry out formal investigations and to review government decisions and protocols was also established so as to more closely monitor all activities by public officials. Furthermore, unnecessary trips abroad by members of government were prohibited, and all travel by ministers now require the Premier's consent.[22][23] A budget outlining 2011's federal expenditures was also put before and approved by members of parliament, with the payment of civil service employees prioritized. In addition, a full audit of government property and vehicles was to be put into place.[22]

Senior Advisor Abdirahman Omar Osman, mentioned Mohamed's attention to road repair, reopening public schools and the regular payment of soldiers and civil servants as issues which brought him support from the people during his brief tenure.[24]

Resignation

See also: Kampala Accord
 
Mohamed in 2014

The Kampala Accord was an agreement overseen by the Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni and the U.N. Special Envoy to Somalia Augustine Mahiga to bring an end to the 'transitional' phase of the TFG. The parliamentary speaker Sharif Hassan Sheikh Aden said he could not work with Mohamed and so as part of the terms of the agreement, Mohamed was asked to resign.[25] Sharif Hassan had been skeptical of President Sharif Sheikh Ahmed's decision to appoint Mohamed as Prime Minister and Mohamed had appointed the cabinet without much input from him, which would have led to Sharif Hassan having difficulty getting parliamentary support for programs.[24][26] After his resignation, Mohamed returned to the United States and his old position at the New York State Department of Transportation.[27][28][29][30][31]

Tayo Party

In early 2012, Mohamed and members of his former Cabinet established the Tayo ("Quality") political party. According to Mohamed, the party's primary agenda would revolve around delivering services to Somalia's general population and encouraging the repatriation of Somali diasporans so as to assist in the post-conflict reconstruction process. After stepping down from office, Mohamed had been campaigning in various global destinations to amass support for his new party, including the United States, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Sweden.[32]

2012 presidential elections

Main article: 2012 Somali presidential election

In early August 2012, Mohamed presented himself as a presidential candidate in Somalia's 2012 elections but was eliminated in the first round of voting.[33]

2017 elections

Main article: 2017 Somali presidential election

The parliamentary election was considered by experts to be one of the most corrupt political events in the history of the country. Amid widespread reports of vote-buying, investigators estimated at least $20 million had been paid as bribes. Much of the money used came from foreign nations with interests in Somalia, which hoped that the candidates they supported monetarily would help advance their interests. Once seated, the parliament voted on who would become president.[34]

Mohamed, campaigning as an anti-corruption candidate,[35][36][37] won the presidency in the second round of voting, after the field had been whittled down from over twenty to three. In the second round of voting he received 184 of the total 329 votes, a victory that was surprising to analysts. American news sources also highlighted his knowledge of American politics as one possible asset to help him as president.[38][39][40][41][42]

Mohamed had campaigned on the promises of a new constitution, one person, one vote elections, and eliminating Al-Shabaab.

Presidential term (2017–2022)

The fledgling administration was initially praised by the International Monetary Fund for its fiscal reforms, and from diplomatic observers for its efforts to address corruption and waste in the armed forces. Domestically, the nation was divided in its support for the new president, with much of the opposition coming from clans based in the south-central parts of the country.[43][44]

 
President Farmajo with the Emir of Qatar in 2018

Attempted motion for impeachment

In December 2018, lawmakers filed an impeachment motion against Mohamed. The announcement was made following a raid on targeting opposition leader Abdirahman Abdishakur Warsame, a member of the rival Habar Gidir clan.[43] The motion was eventually declared invalid after fourteen of the MPs whose names appeared on it claimed that they had never signed it.[45]

Somaliland

See also: Somaliland Declaration of Independence § The Declaration of Independence

In February 2020, a meeting between Mohamed and Muse Bihi Abdi, the President of the Republic of Somaliland,[46] was brokered by Abiy Ahmed, the Prime Minister of Ethiopia, to discuss unification. No agreement was reached.[47] 70% of the population were born since the Declaration of Independence in 1991, which despite prevailing issues such as clan based politics, women's rights and unemployment, marked the start of an era of 30 years of peace in Somaliland.[48] In April 2021 Muse blamed Mohamed for on going unrest in Somalia.[49]

Kenya—Somalia relations

See also: Kenya–Somalia relations § Diplomatic row with President Mohamed

In December 2020, Mohamed accused Kenya of interference in Somalia's internal affairs in a diplomatic row which resulted in Somalia cutting diplomatic ties with neighbouring Kenya, giving Kenyan diplomats seven days to leave Mogadishu. The Kenyan government denied the allegations, saying that the Somali government is ungrateful to Kenya for the support her country has provided to Somali refugees and its efforts to bring peace to Somalia.[50] An IGAD fact finding commission report found no evidence that Kenya was interfering in Somalia affairs.[51]

Support for Ethiopia's military in Tigray

Main article: Tigray War
See also: Ethiopia–Somalia relations

In November 2020, Gedar Andargachew, National Security Affairs Advisor to Ethiopia's Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, met with Mohamed in Mogadishu. Mohamed is reported to have shown support for Ethiopia's action in Tigray, and Andargachew also expressed Ethiopia's will to continue its military support in Somalia, which has been important to the fight against Al-Shabaab.[52]

 
President Mohamed with Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed

Reports of an estimated 4000-7000 trainee Somali soldiers fighting in Tigray have led to protests in Mogadishu.[53] The protesters, made up of the families of soldiers, say they have not had contact with their relatives since they left for training in Eritrea having been told they were signing up for security jobs in Qatar.[54] A former deputy in Somalia's National Intelligence and Security Agency claimed that 370 Somali soldiers have died in Tigray. Ethiopia and Somalia deny that any Somali soldiers are involved in the conflict. A parliamentary committee in Somalia has called on Mohamed to investigate the whereabouts of the soldiers, while a member of the defense committee has blamed the long deployment and lack of communication on delays caused by COVID-19.[55][56] In June 2021, the UNHCR confirmed that Somali troops had been taken from Eritrea to fight in Tigray.[57]

Press freedom

Amnesty International produced a report in February 2020 titled "We live in perpetual fear" which focuses on deterioration of press freedom in the country since President Mohamed took office in February 2017. The report states that the greatest threats to the press in Somalia are the government and Al-Shabaab. It covered cases of eight journalists who had been forced to flee the country and eight who were killed. One of those killed was shot by federal police, two were killed by unknown assailants, and a further five were slain in Al-Shabaab attacks.[58][59][60][61][62]

There were also allegations in the report that Mohamed's office had bribed major media outlets through their directors and owners and that journalists who work for them were therefore unable to report freely.[63] In April 2020 the National Security and Intelligence Agency declared Harun Maruf, a journalist working for Voice of America, a security threat. This prompted a response where he received near universal support from journalists, academics and politicians with the U.S. Embassy calling him "a respected professional" and "one of the most influential Somali journalists."[64][65]

Reporters without Borders noted in August 2020 that despite the overall danger for journalists in Somalia that efforts were being made to reduce attacks on them, but expressed concern that new media laws fell short of internationally accepted standards. They note that a police officer who shot a journalist dead was convicted and two soldiers were discharged from the military for abusing reporters. The attorney-general's office has also been ordered to investigate the deaths of more than fifty reporters who were killed in the last year.[66][67]

In September 2020 human rights groups and journalists criticised Mohamed for remarks he made calling Somali journalists unprofessional and claiming that some of them had links to Al-Shabaab, although he provided no evidence of this. Amnesty International's researcher for Somalia, Abdullahi Hassan, said that journalist were routinely denied access to government buildings, including the parliament and Villa Somalia and that they were forbidden from holding interviews with government officials.[58][68]

Debt relief

In 2020, Mohamed secured debt relief which cancelled $1.4 billion of arrears for Somalia.[4] He commended the cabinet, Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khayre and the Finance Minister Hon. Abdirahman Duale Beyleh for this achievement.[69]

Resignation of Prime Minister

See also: Hassan Ali Khaire § Resignation
 
President Mohamed with Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khaire

Khaire resigned following a vote of no confidence on 25 July 2020, accusing him of failing to deliver promises including improving the national security and implementing a timely one person, one vote election.[70][71] Removal of Prime Ministers in Somalia is not unusual, with only two of the over ten who have served since 2000 not being dismissed from the post.[72] The Secretary General of the United Nations António Guterres expressed concern, saying that the acting Prime Minister would not be able to perform certain constitutional duties because he was serving on an interim basis.[73]

Election model agreement and talks

Main article: 2022 Somali presidential election

Meetings took place in Dhusamareb in July and August 2020 which laid the foundation for the agreement of an indirect election model.[74] On 17 September 2020 the Federal Government of Somalia agreed with member states promising to hold parliamentary elections on 1 December 2020, followed by presidential elections in February 2021.[75][76]

In November 2020, Jubaland President Ahmed Madobe accused Mohamed of violating the September election deal in which the FGS had promised to withdraw Somali National Army from Gedo, handing administration to Kismayo.[77][78]

In November 2020, the Council of Presidential Candidates issued a statement calling for the dismissal of the electoral commissions and accusing Mohamed of being an impedance to the implementation of the election deal.[79] In it they called on NISA chief Fahad Yasin to step down due to conflict of interest being that he is also the head of Mohamed's re-election campaign.[80] The Council of Presidential Candidates accused Mohamed of "bypassing the electoral law by stacking the poll committee with his allies".[81]

On 2 February 2021, Mohamed convened a three-day meeting in Dusmareb with federal state leaders to discuss the elections. The talks failed two days before the elections were scheduled to take place with both the Somali government and regional state presidents placing blame for the breakdown on lack of concessions from the other side. Mohamed blamed part of the impasse on foreign intervention, which angered the leader of Jubaland, whom he had repeatedly accused of being supported by Kenya. The night before the talks began Al-Shabaab attacked Dusmareb but was repelled, with government forces killing four and detaining two of the attackers.[82][83]

On 8 April 2021 it was announced that talks had collapsed between the Somali government and the regional presidents of Puntland and Jubaland. A political science teacher at the Somali National University explained that distrust was the main reason for the breakdown. He said the two sides are too focused on defeating one another rather than resolving the issues at hand.[84]

On 27 April 2021, in a statement backed by Roble, the States of Hirshabelle and Galmudug announced that they are against an extension of Mohamed's term, calling for a return to the election talks.[85][86]

Disputes with Prime Minister Mohamed Hussein Roble

See also: Mohamed Hussein Roble
 
President Mohamed and Prime Minister Roble

On 18 September 2020 Mohamed named Mohamed Hussein Roble, a political newcomer, as Prime Minister.[87]

On the night of 18 February the government stated that they had to repel attacks from armed militia groups near the presidential palace. On 19 February the government forces opened fire on peaceful protesters who were demonstrating against the election delays. Opposition candidates claimed Mohamed attempted to have them assassinated at the demonstrations and said he is staging a coup. Roble expressed sorrow over the violence and said that peaceful demonstrations are a democratic right but armed demonstrations are not. He also assured the people that elections would take place. A report from a health care worker in Mogadishu says that at least five soldiers are dead and more than a dozen, mostly civilians, have been injured in violence related to the clashes.[88][89][90][91]

After the European Union, United States, and United Nations office in Somalia said they would not support a term extension for Mohamed, on 25 March 2021 Information Minister Osman Dubbe warned foreign diplomats not to interfere with Somalia's sovereignty. A senior lecturer at the University of Somalia, Mohamed Maten, opined that the diplomats' comments about delayed elections were the 'norms of international law' and therefore in no way constitute interference in Somalia's sovereignty.[92]

On 12 April 2021 the lower house of the Somali parliament voted nearly unanimously to extend Mohamed's term. A few minutes later, the upper house objected, declaring the vote to be an unconstitutional move.[93] In response to many objections from the international community, the Somali foreign ministry issued a statement in which they said that they 'reject any attempts to use the humanitarian assistance to blackmail the country.' The UK government have said that the move may result in a re-evaluation of the nature of their assistance to Somalia and their relationship with the Somali government, and said they would work with the international partners in order to do so.[94] Bob Menendez, the chair of the US Senate Foreign Relations Committee referred to the attempt as a 'breach of democratic norms', saying that such actions 'risk destabilising Somalia'.[95]

Mohamed said in a radio interview on 16 April 2021 that he understands Somalia needs external support to prosper, but it does not need interference. Focusing on the prospect of a "one person, one vote" election, he said that the vote of parliament does not extend any mandate, and added that he has always endeavoured to enhance relations with all bilateral and multilateral partners, "this is the only way to deliver on the common interests of all nations and people".[96]

Violence once again broke out in Somalia on 25 April 2021 when militia forces opposed to Mohamed's term extension battled government security forces. The opposition blamed the escalation on attacks on the homes of two of their leaders, while the Somali minister of internal security denied the government had attacked, and placed the blame on unidentified foreign countries.[97][98] Following three days of clashes in Mogadishu over Mohamed's term extension, which caused a split in security forces and 60,000 to 100,000 people to flee from their homes, Mohamed announced that he will not continue to pursue a two-year extension of his term.[99][100]

On 29 April 2021, Mohamed asked Roble to resign, which Roble refused.[101] On 1 May 2021, Mohamed delegated the task of overseeing elections according to the 17 September agreement and responsibility for election security to Roble.[102]

In August 2021 Roble publicly disagreed with Mohamed over a ban on commercial agreements with foreign parties that Mohamed had imposed during the election period, which Roble claimed was against the constitution, but the rift was resolved within four days.[103]

In September 2021 a row broke out between Mohamed and Roble over the murder investigation of Ikran Tahlil Farah,[104] after Roble suspended the director of the National Intelligence and Security Agency (NISA) Fahad Yasin and Mohamed overturned his decision, declaring it unconstitutional.[105] Roble accused Mohamed of "obstructing effective investigation of Ikran Tahlil Farah's case".[106] On 8 September 2021, Villa Somalia announced that Yasin had resigned as head of NISA and Mohamed immediately reappointed him as his National Security Advisor.[107] Somalia's international partners called for a credible investigation on Ikran's disappearance.[108] On 16 September 2021, Mohamed revoked Roble's executive powers as prime minister in response to this ongoing feud,[109][110] a move which Roble rejected as unlawful.[111] The dispute was said to be resolved in October so that elections could go ahead without further delay.[112]

In December 2021, Mohamed revoked Roble's authority to organize upcoming elections and suggested that a new committee should be formed to oversee them. This prompted Roble to accuse Mohamed of sabotaging the electoral process on 26 December 2021. On 27 December, Mohamed announced that he was suspending Roble over alleged obstruction of corruption allegations.[113]

On 28 December 2021, Roble called on Mohamed to immediately step aside and concentrate on the campaign trail for the forthcoming elections.[114]

On 10 January 2022, Somali leaders announced they struck a deal to complete parliamentary elections by February 25, after repeated delays that have threatened the stability of the country. The agreement was reached after several days of talks hosted by Roble with state leaders aimed at ending an impasse over the polls.[115]

Lawsuits

Four cases have been received and registered at the International Criminal Court in the Hague, against the Federal Government of Somalia while under the administration of Mohamed over crimes against humanity and serious human rights violations during his tenure. The cases were filed at the ICC by a group of international lawyers led by Yusuf Abdi Farah in September 2021. Lawyers are working on three additional cases.[116]

Awards and honours

At the 2019 UN General Assembly in New York, Mohamed jointly received the Concordia Leadership Award with co-recipients Abiy Ahmed, Prime Minister of Ethiopia, and Isaias Afwerki, President of Eritrea.[117]

References

  1. ^ "Somalia president abandons U.S. citizenship 'voluntarily'". Africa News. 1 August 2019. from the original on 3 August 2019. Retrieved 3 August 2019.
  2. ^ a b Majabe, A. M. . Allgedo.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  3. ^ "Somalia's 'Mr Cheese' president has a lot on his plate". BBC. 9 February 2017. from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  4. ^ a b c Walsh, Declan; Dahir, Abdi Latif (30 April 2021). "The Bureaucrat From Buffalo Who Pushed Somalia to the Brink". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  5. ^ "Viewpoint: What Donald Trump gets wrong about Somalia". BBC News. 6 July 2020. from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  6. ^ a b c . 14 October 2010. Archived from the original on 25 October 2010.
  7. ^ a b c . The Buffalo News. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  8. ^ . ABC News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
  9. ^ a b c "Biography of His Excellency President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed 'Farmajo'". Office of the President of the Republic of Somalia. from the original on 3 October 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  10. ^ "Ugandan president meets Somalia's First Lady Saynab Abdi Moallim". Horn Diplomat. 24 October 2020. from the original on 17 December 2021. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  11. ^ "Sheikha Moza meets Somalia's First Lady". Gulf Times. 13 February 2019. from the original on 27 February 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  12. ^ "Somalia's president renounces American citizenship". The East African. 1 August 2019. from the original on 22 June 2021. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  13. ^ a b c "New Somali Prime Minister's "Experience" Praised by Analyst". VOA. from the original on 4 March 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  14. ^ "The Presidency". Somali Embassy in Belgium. from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  15. ^ "UPDATE 1-Somali president nominates Mohamed Abdullahi as PM". from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  16. ^ "Somalia's 'cheese' President, Mohammed Abdullahi Mohammed 'Farmajo'". Africa News. 28 February 2017. from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  17. ^ . 17 October 2010. Archived from the original on 17 October 2010.
  18. ^ F_404. "UN chief encourages new Somalia PM to form government". from the original on 8 November 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  19. ^ . Alshahid Network. Archived from the original on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  20. ^ . Archived from the original on 23 October 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  21. ^ . 12 November 2010. Archived from the original on 14 May 2011.
  22. ^ a b c . Archived from the original on 5 January 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  23. ^ . Archived from the original on 15 May 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  24. ^ a b "Somali PM Defies Kampala Accord, Refuses to Step Down". VOA. 14 June 2011. from the original on 19 February 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  25. ^ "PM Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed resigns". BBC. 19 June 2011. from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
  26. ^ "More Clashes in Somalia; Minister Is Killed". The New York Times. 11 June 2011. from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  27. ^ Rey, Jay (7 August 2011). . Buffalo Times. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
  28. ^ After a Break to Run Somalia, Back at His Cubicle 23 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine, By John Leland, 6 December 2011.
  29. ^ For Somalia's president, leaving WNY was difficult, but 'worth it' 23 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine By Tim O'Shei 28 September 2019.
  30. ^ A Somali American's journey to the US and back to his home country comes full circle 23 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Reporter Daniel Robison, The World, 23 August 2011 · Updated: 8 February 2017.
  31. ^ Journey From N.Y. To Be Somalia's Prime Minister 22 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 22 October, 20115.
  32. ^ . Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  33. ^ . Garowe Online. 10 September 2012. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  34. ^ Gettleman, Jeffrey (7 February 2017). "Fueled by bribes, Somalia's election seen as a milestone of corruption". The New York Times. from the original on 13 December 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  35. ^ "In Somalia, Presidential Election Underscores Government Corruption". NPR.org. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
  36. ^ Gee, Taylor. "How an American Bureaucrat Became President of Somalia". POLITICO Magazine. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
  37. ^ "In Somalia's Historic Presidential Election, A Surprise Victor Declared". NPR.org. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
  38. ^ How an American Bureaucrat Became President of Somalia 23 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine. He was a refugee who embraced U.S.-style democracy. Now's he's trying to bring it home. By TAYLOR GEE 19 February 2017.
  39. ^ Buffalo resident is now Somalia's next president after country's first election in decades 22 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine By JASON SILVERSTEIN, NEW YORK DAILY NEWS 8 February 2017.
  40. ^ "Somali President promises to deliver new constitution before next elections". Relief Web. 16 May 2018. from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
  41. ^ Kennedy, Merrit (8 February 2017). "In Somalia's Historic Presidential Electio, A Surprise Victor Declared". NPR. from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  42. ^ "Somalis green 'new dawn' as US dual national wins presidency". TheGuardian.com. 8 February 2017. from the original on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  43. ^ a b "Somali lawmakers seek to impeach president amid political crisis". Reuters. 20 December 2018. from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  44. ^ "Somali President Farmajo likely to survive impeachment". The East Africa. 15 December 2018. from the original on 22 June 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  45. ^ "Somalia's Parliament Drops Impeachment of President". VOA. 20 December 2018.
  46. ^ "Somaliland slums Farmajo's "oppressive" regime, calls for benchmark in Hargeisa". Garowe Online. from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  47. ^ "Somalia cuts diplomatic ties with Kenya amid rising tensions". Associated Press. 15 December 2020. from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  48. ^ "Somaliland, an unrecognised state, is winning friends abroad". The Economist. 8 May 2021. ISSN 0013-0613. from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  49. ^ "Somaliland leader blames Farmajo for hostilities in Somalia's capital". Garowe Online. from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  50. ^ "Somalia-Kenya diplomatic row deepens". deutsche welle. 17 December 2020. from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  51. ^ "Somalia rejects probe report on tiff with Kenya". Andolou Agency. 27 January 2021. from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  52. ^ "Somalia supports Ethiopia's military actions in Tigray days after Foreign Minister sacked". Garowe Online. 24 November 2020. from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  53. ^ "Somalia: Mystery over thousands of young Somalis secretly sent to Eritrea for military training". Somali Affairs. 11 June 2021. from the original on 11 June 2021. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
  54. ^ "Somali men 'forced into Eritrean army' under impression they were signing up for security jobs in Qatar". The Daily Telegraph. 29 January 2021. from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  55. ^ "Somali Lawmakers Demand Inquiry on Alleged Troops Fighting in Tigray". Voice of America. 26 January 2021. from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  56. ^ "Anger in Somalia as sons secretly sent to serve in Eritrea military force". Reuters. 28 January 2021. from the original on 16 February 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  57. ^ "Somalia: SNA recruits fought in Tigray - UN report". hornobserver.com. 8 June 2021. from the original on 11 June 2021. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
  58. ^ a b "Somali Journalists Say President's Remarks Put Them at Risk". Voice of America. 29 September 2020. from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  59. ^ "Farmaajo fires at journalists, links some to al-shabaab". Garowe Online. 27 September 2020. from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  60. ^ "Journalists fleeing from threats and abuses from state ahead of Somalia elections". Horn Observer. 7 August 2020. from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  61. ^ "Journalist slapped with six months imprisonment fined $200 in Somalia". Garowe Online. 30 July 2020. from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  62. ^ "Somalia killings corruption and censorship besiege media freedoms". Amnesty International. 13 February 2020. from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  63. ^ "Somalia's govt employed fake journalists to troll journalists and smear political opponents". hornobserver.com. 11 June 2020. from the original on 1 June 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  64. ^ AfricaNews (7 April 2020). "Ex-Somali president cautions govt after spy outfit threatened top journalist". Africanews. from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  65. ^ "US says Somali spy agency's attack on veteran journalist threat to press freedom". Somali Affairs. 5 April 2020. from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  66. ^ "Somalia's new media law ignores calls for journalists to be protected". 28 August 2020. from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2021.
  67. ^ "Sections of Somalia's media law heavily criticised". September 2020. from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2021.
  68. ^ "Joint Letter Re: Concerns and Recommendations on Somalia's New Media Law". Human Rights Watch. 29 September 2020. from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  69. ^ "President Farmaajo welcomes Somalia's debt relief success". Hiraan Online. 26 March 2020. from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  70. ^ "Somalia's parliament votes to remove PM Hassan Ali Khaire". Al Jazeera. 25 July 2020. from the original on 20 August 2020. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
  71. ^ Sheikh, Abdi (25 July 2020). "Somalia's parliament ousts prime minister in no-confidence vote". Reuters. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
  72. ^ Hassan, Mohamed (25 July 2020). "Somalia's Parliament Votes Out Prime Minister". VOA. from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2021.
  73. ^ "UN Boss Condemns Ouster of Somalias PM". Garowe Online. 23 August 2020. from the original on 24 August 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
  74. ^ "Protecting stability and inclusivity in Somalia's indirect election process". RVI. Reliefweb. 3 December 2020. from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
  75. ^ "Farmajo shrugs off opponents as opposition intensifies onslaught". Garowe. 7 December 2020. from the original on 7 December 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  76. ^ "Agreement on Indirect-Voting Plan for Upcoming Elections Ended Political Stalemate in Somalia, Special Representative Tells Security Council". United Nations. 23 November 2020. from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  77. ^ "Jubaland accuses farmajo of violating election deal in somalia". garowe. 29 November 2020. from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  78. ^ "What is Farmaajos intention of parallel meetings". Garowe Online. 2 March 2021. from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  79. ^ "Farmajo under more pressure from Somalias opposition candidates". Garowe. 9 December 2020. from the original on 10 December 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  80. ^ "Presidential Candidates Call for Disbanding of the Electoral Committee". Dalsan Radio. 26 November 2020. from the original on 22 June 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  81. ^ "Somalia's Indirect Election Delayed by Political Standoff". VOA. 11 December 2020. from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  82. ^ "Somalia holds emergency talks over election crisis". Deutsche Welle. 2 January 2021. from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  83. ^ "Somalia's talks on troubled election fail 2 days before vote". Associated Press. 6 February 2021. from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
  84. ^ "Somali Elections Remain on Hold After Latest Political Talks Collapse". Voice of America. 8 April 2021. from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  85. ^ "Somalia's president to address nation as support crumbles". The Independent. 27 April 2021. from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  86. ^ "Somalia president to address nation as PM rejects term extension". Al Jazeera. 27 April 2021. from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  87. ^ "Somalia names prime minister unveils plan elections". Al Jazeera. 18 September 2020. from the original on 20 September 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2020.
  88. ^ "Somali security forces fire on protest over delayed election". Associated Press. 19 February 2021. from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  89. ^ "Deaths reported as Somali security forces open fire on protesters in Mogadishu". The Irish Times. 19 February 2021. from the original on 22 June 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  90. ^ "Gunfire at Mogadishu Protest Intensifies Somali Election Impasse". New York Times. 19 February 2021. from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  91. ^ "Doctor says 5 killed in Somalia's election-related violence". Associated Press. 20 February 2021. from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  92. ^ "Somalia Warns Envoys Against Interference in Political Affairs". Voice of America. 25 March 2021.
  93. ^ "Somali Lower House of Parliament Extends President's Term for Two Years". Voice of America. 12 April 2021. from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
  94. ^ "International outcry as Somalia's president signs mandate extension". Belfast Telegraph. 14 April 2021. from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  95. ^ "Farmajo's term extension unconstitutional US senator tells Somalia". Garowe. 13 April 2021. from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
  96. ^ "Mohamed Farmaajo Defends Shock Term Limit Extension". Daily Nation. 17 April 2021. from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  97. ^ "Gunfire Erupts in Mogadishu as Somalia's Political Feud Turns Violent". The New York Times. 25 April 2021. from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  98. ^ "Forces opposed to Somali president control parts of Mogadishu". Reuters. 26 April 2021. from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  99. ^ "Bowing to pressure, Somali president drops bid to extend term". Al Jazeera. 28 April 2021. from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
  100. ^ "Somali president in poll U-turn to stop Mogadishu clashes". BBC News. 28 April 2021. from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
  101. ^ "Somalia: President Farmajo asks PM Roble to resign". Somali Affairs. 29 April 2021. from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  102. ^ "Somali PM Mohamed Roble accepts new role in elections". The East African. 3 May 2021. from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
  103. ^ "Rift between top leadership resolved - PM Roble". hornobserver.com. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
  104. ^ "Spy's Death, Control Over IMF Funds Roil Election-Bound Somalia". Bloomberg.com. 14 September 2021. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
  105. ^ "Somalia on edge as president, PM clash over intelligence chief". Reuters. 8 September 2021. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  106. ^ "Somalia on edge as president, PM clash over intelligence chief". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  107. ^ "Farmaajo changes tune, appoints another spy chief as PM Roble accuses him of sabotage". Garowe Online. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  108. ^ "International Partners Urge Somali Leaders to Reduce Political Tensions and Focus on Electoral Process - Somalia". ReliefWeb. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  109. ^ "Somali President Farmajo cuts PM Roble's powers amid row over missing spy". BBC News. 16 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
  110. ^ "Maxaan ka naqaannaa Farmaajo iyo Rooble oo khilaafkooda cirka isku sii shareeray?". BBC News Somali (in Somali). Retrieved 28 September 2021.
  111. ^ "Somalia crisis deepens as president withdraws PM's powers". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  112. ^ Sheikh, Abdi (22 October 2021). "Somalia's president, prime minister agree to speed up election". Reuters. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
  113. ^ "Somalia's president says PM Roble suspended as election spat deepens". France 24. Agence France-Presse. 27 December 2021. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
  114. ^ "Somalia: Join campaign trail, PM Roble tells Farmaajo". Garowe Online. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
  115. ^ "Somalia's leaders agree to hold delayed election by February 25". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  116. ^ "International lawyers sue Farmaajo govt over crimes against humanity". Somali Affairs. 26 September 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
  117. ^ "Somali leader receives Concordia Leadership Award in US". Andalou Agency. 24 September 2019. from the original on 2 October 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2021.

External links

  •   Media related to Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed at Wikimedia Commons
  • Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed official Twitter account
  • Thesis - U.S. Strategic Interest in Somalia
Political offices
Preceded by Prime Minister of Somalia
2010–2011 		Succeeded by
Preceded by President of Somalia
2017–2022 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
New office Leader of the Tayo Party
2012–present 		Incumbent

January 23, 2023
mohamed, abdullahi, mohamed, this, article, about, person, whose, name, includes, patronymic, article, properly, refers, person, their, given, name, mohamed, abdullahi, mohamed, neutrality, this, article, disputed, relevant, discussion, found, talk, page, plea. This article is about a person whose name includes a patronymic The article properly refers to the person by their given name Mohamed and not as Abdullahi Mohamed The neutrality of this article is disputed Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met December 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed Somali Maxaamed Cabdullaahii Maxaamed Arabic محمد عبدالله محمد born 11 March 1962 also known as Farmaajo is a Somali politician who served as president of Somalia from 2017 to 2022 He was prime minister of Somalia for six months from November 2010 to June 2011 Mohamed is the founder and leader of the Tayo Party since 2012 Mohamed Abdullahi MohamedOfficial portrait 20179th President of SomaliaIn office 16 February 2017 23 May 2022Prime MinisterHassan Ali KhaireMahdi Mohammed Gulaid acting Mohamed Hussein RoblePreceded byHassan Sheikh MohamudSucceeded byHassan Sheikh Mohamud14th Prime Minister of SomaliaIn office 1 November 2010 19 June 2011PresidentSharif Sheikh AhmedPreceded byAbdiwahid Elmi Gonjeh acting Succeeded byAbdiweli Mohamed AliLeader of the Tayo PartyIncumbentAssumed office 5 May 2012Preceded byPosition establishedPersonal detailsBorn 1962 03 11 11 March 1962 age 60 Mogadishu SomaliaCitizenshipSomaliAmerican renounced 2019 1 Political partyTayoRepublican United States SpouseSaynab Abdi MoallimChildren4EducationUniversity at Buffalo BA MA Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Early career 3 Political career 3 1 Prime Minister 2010 2011 3 2 Reforms 3 3 Resignation 3 4 Tayo Party 3 5 2012 presidential elections 3 6 2017 elections 4 Presidential term 2017 2022 4 1 Attempted motion for impeachment 4 2 Somaliland 4 3 Kenya Somalia relations 4 4 Support for Ethiopia s military in Tigray 4 5 Press freedom 4 6 Debt relief 4 7 Resignation of Prime Minister 4 8 Election model agreement and talks 4 9 Disputes with Prime Minister Mohamed Hussein Roble 4 10 Lawsuits 5 Awards and honours 6 References 7 External linksEarly life and educationMohamed was born in Mogadishu Mohamed comes from the Marehan a sub clan of the Darod clan His parents were activists affiliated with the Somali Youth League SYL Somalia s first political party During the 1970s his father worked as a civil servant in the national Department of Transportation 2 Mohamed attended a boarding school in Somalia 2 When the civil war started in 1991 he claimed asylum in Canada and was eventually granted a Canadian passport Later he studied in the US where he also claimed political asylum and achieved American citizenship 3 4 While living in Buffalo in the United States Mohamed was a registered Republican Party member 5 Mohamed is a Somali citizen 6 7 Mohamed renounced his American citizenship in August 2019 8 9 Mohamed is married to Saynab Abdi Moallim the former First Lady of Somalia 9 10 11 The couple have four children two daughters and two sons who still reside in the United States as of 2019 9 12 Early careerHe worked at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Somalia in an administrative capacity from 1982 to 1985 13 14 Between 1985 and 1988 Mohamed acted as First Secretary in the Somali embassy in Washington 6 13 15 After his arrival in America he put himself through school and achieved entry to the University at Buffalo He graduated with a bachelor s degree in history in 1993 16 From 1994 to 1997 Mohamed was chosen as an at large Commissioner for the Buffalo Municipal Housing Authority and worked there as the finance chairman 17 7 He also served as case manager for a lead abatement program in the city from 1995 to 1999 Between 2000 and 2002 Mohamed was a minority business coordinator for the Erie County Division of Equal Employment Opportunity 7 From 2002 until his appointment as Prime Minister in late 2010 he worked as Commissioner for Equal Employment at the New York State Department of Transportation in Buffalo 13 During this time he also completed his master s degree in Political Science from the University at Buffalo with his thesis titled U S Strategic Interest in Somalia From the Cold War Era to the War on Terror and taught leadership skills and conflict resolution at Erie Community College part of the State University of New York SUNY 6 In 2007 while Mohamed was leading a Somali community group in Buffalo he was accused by some of the Somali American leaders of manipulating the election process in the group in order to stay in power resulting in a split in the community 4 Political careerPrime Minister 2010 2011 On 15 October 2010 Mohamed was appointed as new Prime Minister of Somalia 18 Mohamed was sworn into office on 1 November 2010 at a ceremony held in the presidential residence Villa Somalia 19 On 12 November 2010 Mohamed named a new Cabinet as per the Transitional Federal Government s TFG Charter 20 The allotted ministerial positions were significantly reduced in number with only 18 administrative posts unveiled versus the previous government s 39 portfolios Only two Ministers from the previous Cabinet were reappointed 21 Reforms This section may be unbalanced towards certain viewpoints Please improve the article or discuss the issue on the talk page March 2021 This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message In his statement to the UN Security Council on his first 50 days in office Mohamed stated that his administration had initiated the implementation of a full biometric register for the security forces which was to be completed within a window of four months Members of the Independent Constitutional Commission were also appointed to engage Somali constitutional lawyers religious scholars and experts in Somali culture over the nation s scheduled new constitution a key part of the government s Transitional Federal Tasks High level federal delegations were dispatched to defuse clan related tensions in several regions 22 To improve transparency Cabinet ministers fully disclosed their assets and signed a code of ethics An Anti Corruption Commission with the power to carry out formal investigations and to review government decisions and protocols was also established so as to more closely monitor all activities by public officials Furthermore unnecessary trips abroad by members of government were prohibited and all travel by ministers now require the Premier s consent 22 23 A budget outlining 2011 s federal expenditures was also put before and approved by members of parliament with the payment of civil service employees prioritized In addition a full audit of government property and vehicles was to be put into place 22 Senior Advisor Abdirahman Omar Osman mentioned Mohamed s attention to road repair reopening public schools and the regular payment of soldiers and civil servants as issues which brought him support from the people during his brief tenure 24 Resignation See also Kampala Accord Mohamed in 2014 The Kampala Accord was an agreement overseen by the Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni and the U N Special Envoy to Somalia Augustine Mahiga to bring an end to the transitional phase of the TFG The parliamentary speaker Sharif Hassan Sheikh Aden said he could not work with Mohamed and so as part of the terms of the agreement Mohamed was asked to resign 25 Sharif Hassan had been skeptical of President Sharif Sheikh Ahmed s decision to appoint Mohamed as Prime Minister and Mohamed had appointed the cabinet without much input from him which would have led to Sharif Hassan having difficulty getting parliamentary support for programs 24 26 After his resignation Mohamed returned to the United States and his old position at the New York State Department of Transportation 27 28 29 30 31 Tayo Party In early 2012 Mohamed and members of his former Cabinet established the Tayo Quality political party According to Mohamed the party s primary agenda would revolve around delivering services to Somalia s general population and encouraging the repatriation of Somali diasporans so as to assist in the post conflict reconstruction process After stepping down from office Mohamed had been campaigning in various global destinations to amass support for his new party including the United States the United Kingdom the Netherlands and Sweden 32 2012 presidential elections Main article 2012 Somali presidential election In early August 2012 Mohamed presented himself as a presidential candidate in Somalia s 2012 elections but was eliminated in the first round of voting 33 2017 elections Main article 2017 Somali presidential election The parliamentary election was considered by experts to be one of the most corrupt political events in the history of the country Amid widespread reports of vote buying investigators estimated at least 20 million had been paid as bribes Much of the money used came from foreign nations with interests in Somalia which hoped that the candidates they supported monetarily would help advance their interests Once seated the parliament voted on who would become president 34 Mohamed campaigning as an anti corruption candidate 35 36 37 won the presidency in the second round of voting after the field had been whittled down from over twenty to three In the second round of voting he received 184 of the total 329 votes a victory that was surprising to analysts American news sources also highlighted his knowledge of American politics as one possible asset to help him as president 38 39 40 41 42 Mohamed had campaigned on the promises of a new constitution one person one vote elections and eliminating Al Shabaab Presidential term 2017 2022 This section may be unbalanced towards certain viewpoints Please improve the article or discuss the issue on the talk page March 2021 The fledgling administration was initially praised by the International Monetary Fund for its fiscal reforms and from diplomatic observers for its efforts to address corruption and waste in the armed forces Domestically the nation was divided in its support for the new president with much of the opposition coming from clans based in the south central parts of the country 43 44 President Farmajo with the Emir of Qatar in 2018 Attempted motion for impeachment In December 2018 lawmakers filed an impeachment motion against Mohamed The announcement was made following a raid on targeting opposition leader Abdirahman Abdishakur Warsame a member of the rival Habar Gidir clan 43 The motion was eventually declared invalid after fourteen of the MPs whose names appeared on it claimed that they had never signed it 45 Somaliland See also Somaliland Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence In February 2020 a meeting between Mohamed and Muse Bihi Abdi the President of the Republic of Somaliland 46 was brokered by Abiy Ahmed the Prime Minister of Ethiopia to discuss unification No agreement was reached 47 70 of the population were born since the Declaration of Independence in 1991 which despite prevailing issues such as clan based politics women s rights and unemployment marked the start of an era of 30 years of peace in Somaliland 48 In April 2021 Muse blamed Mohamed for on going unrest in Somalia 49 Kenya Somalia relations See also Kenya Somalia relations Diplomatic row with President Mohamed In December 2020 Mohamed accused Kenya of interference in Somalia s internal affairs in a diplomatic row which resulted in Somalia cutting diplomatic ties with neighbouring Kenya giving Kenyan diplomats seven days to leave Mogadishu The Kenyan government denied the allegations saying that the Somali government is ungrateful to Kenya for the support her country has provided to Somali refugees and its efforts to bring peace to Somalia 50 An IGAD fact finding commission report found no evidence that Kenya was interfering in Somalia affairs 51 Support for Ethiopia s military in Tigray Main article Tigray War See also Ethiopia Somalia relations In November 2020 Gedar Andargachew National Security Affairs Advisor to Ethiopia s Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed met with Mohamed in Mogadishu Mohamed is reported to have shown support for Ethiopia s action in Tigray and Andargachew also expressed Ethiopia s will to continue its military support in Somalia which has been important to the fight against Al Shabaab 52 President Mohamed with Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed Reports of an estimated 4000 7000 trainee Somali soldiers fighting in Tigray have led to protests in Mogadishu 53 The protesters made up of the families of soldiers say they have not had contact with their relatives since they left for training in Eritrea having been told they were signing up for security jobs in Qatar 54 A former deputy in Somalia s National Intelligence and Security Agency claimed that 370 Somali soldiers have died in Tigray Ethiopia and Somalia deny that any Somali soldiers are involved in the conflict A parliamentary committee in Somalia has called on Mohamed to investigate the whereabouts of the soldiers while a member of the defense committee has blamed the long deployment and lack of communication on delays caused by COVID 19 55 56 In June 2021 the UNHCR confirmed that Somali troops had been taken from Eritrea to fight in Tigray 57 Press freedom Amnesty International produced a report in February 2020 titled We live in perpetual fear which focuses on deterioration of press freedom in the country since President Mohamed took office in February 2017 The report states that the greatest threats to the press in Somalia are the government and Al Shabaab It covered cases of eight journalists who had been forced to flee the country and eight who were killed One of those killed was shot by federal police two were killed by unknown assailants and a further five were slain in Al Shabaab attacks 58 59 60 61 62 There were also allegations in the report that Mohamed s office had bribed major media outlets through their directors and owners and that journalists who work for them were therefore unable to report freely 63 In April 2020 the National Security and Intelligence Agency declared Harun Maruf a journalist working for Voice of America a security threat This prompted a response where he received near universal support from journalists academics and politicians with the U S Embassy calling him a respected professional and one of the most influential Somali journalists 64 65 Reporters without Borders noted in August 2020 that despite the overall danger for journalists in Somalia that efforts were being made to reduce attacks on them but expressed concern that new media laws fell short of internationally accepted standards They note that a police officer who shot a journalist dead was convicted and two soldiers were discharged from the military for abusing reporters The attorney general s office has also been ordered to investigate the deaths of more than fifty reporters who were killed in the last year 66 67 In September 2020 human rights groups and journalists criticised Mohamed for remarks he made calling Somali journalists unprofessional and claiming that some of them had links to Al Shabaab although he provided no evidence of this Amnesty International s researcher for Somalia Abdullahi Hassan said that journalist were routinely denied access to government buildings including the parliament and Villa Somalia and that they were forbidden from holding interviews with government officials 58 68 Debt relief In 2020 Mohamed secured debt relief which cancelled 1 4 billion of arrears for Somalia 4 He commended the cabinet Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khayre and the Finance Minister Hon Abdirahman Duale Beyleh for this achievement 69 Resignation of Prime Minister See also Hassan Ali Khaire Resignation President Mohamed with Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khaire Khaire resigned following a vote of no confidence on 25 July 2020 accusing him of failing to deliver promises including improving the national security and implementing a timely one person one vote election 70 71 Removal of Prime Ministers in Somalia is not unusual with only two of the over ten who have served since 2000 not being dismissed from the post 72 The Secretary General of the United Nations Antonio Guterres expressed concern saying that the acting Prime Minister would not be able to perform certain constitutional duties because he was serving on an interim basis 73 Election model agreement and talks Main article 2022 Somali presidential election Meetings took place in Dhusamareb in July and August 2020 which laid the foundation for the agreement of an indirect election model 74 On 17 September 2020 the Federal Government of Somalia agreed with member states promising to hold parliamentary elections on 1 December 2020 followed by presidential elections in February 2021 75 76 In November 2020 Jubaland President Ahmed Madobe accused Mohamed of violating the September election deal in which the FGS had promised to withdraw Somali National Army from Gedo handing administration to Kismayo 77 78 In November 2020 the Council of Presidential Candidates issued a statement calling for the dismissal of the electoral commissions and accusing Mohamed of being an impedance to the implementation of the election deal 79 In it they called on NISA chief Fahad Yasin to step down due to conflict of interest being that he is also the head of Mohamed s re election campaign 80 The Council of Presidential Candidates accused Mohamed of bypassing the electoral law by stacking the poll committee with his allies 81 On 2 February 2021 Mohamed convened a three day meeting in Dusmareb with federal state leaders to discuss the elections The talks failed two days before the elections were scheduled to take place with both the Somali government and regional state presidents placing blame for the breakdown on lack of concessions from the other side Mohamed blamed part of the impasse on foreign intervention which angered the leader of Jubaland whom he had repeatedly accused of being supported by Kenya The night before the talks began Al Shabaab attacked Dusmareb but was repelled with government forces killing four and detaining two of the attackers 82 83 On 8 April 2021 it was announced that talks had collapsed between the Somali government and the regional presidents of Puntland and Jubaland A political science teacher at the Somali National University explained that distrust was the main reason for the breakdown He said the two sides are too focused on defeating one another rather than resolving the issues at hand 84 On 27 April 2021 in a statement backed by Roble the States of Hirshabelle and Galmudug announced that they are against an extension of Mohamed s term calling for a return to the election talks 85 86 Disputes with Prime Minister Mohamed Hussein Roble See also Mohamed Hussein Roble President Mohamed and Prime Minister Roble On 18 September 2020 Mohamed named Mohamed Hussein Roble a political newcomer as Prime Minister 87 On the night of 18 February the government stated that they had to repel attacks from armed militia groups near the presidential palace On 19 February the government forces opened fire on peaceful protesters who were demonstrating against the election delays Opposition candidates claimed Mohamed attempted to have them assassinated at the demonstrations and said he is staging a coup Roble expressed sorrow over the violence and said that peaceful demonstrations are a democratic right but armed demonstrations are not He also assured the people that elections would take place A report from a health care worker in Mogadishu says that at least five soldiers are dead and more than a dozen mostly civilians have been injured in violence related to the clashes 88 89 90 91 After the European Union United States and United Nations office in Somalia said they would not support a term extension for Mohamed on 25 March 2021 Information Minister Osman Dubbe warned foreign diplomats not to interfere with Somalia s sovereignty A senior lecturer at the University of Somalia Mohamed Maten opined that the diplomats comments about delayed elections were the norms of international law and therefore in no way constitute interference in Somalia s sovereignty 92 On 12 April 2021 the lower house of the Somali parliament voted nearly unanimously to extend Mohamed s term A few minutes later the upper house objected declaring the vote to be an unconstitutional move 93 In response to many objections from the international community the Somali foreign ministry issued a statement in which they said that they reject any attempts to use the humanitarian assistance to blackmail the country The UK government have said that the move may result in a re evaluation of the nature of their assistance to Somalia and their relationship with the Somali government and said they would work with the international partners in order to do so 94 Bob Menendez the chair of the US Senate Foreign Relations Committee referred to the attempt as a breach of democratic norms saying that such actions risk destabilising Somalia 95 Mohamed said in a radio interview on 16 April 2021 that he understands Somalia needs external support to prosper but it does not need interference Focusing on the prospect of a one person one vote election he said that the vote of parliament does not extend any mandate and added that he has always endeavoured to enhance relations with all bilateral and multilateral partners this is the only way to deliver on the common interests of all nations and people 96 Violence once again broke out in Somalia on 25 April 2021 when militia forces opposed to Mohamed s term extension battled government security forces The opposition blamed the escalation on attacks on the homes of two of their leaders while the Somali minister of internal security denied the government had attacked and placed the blame on unidentified foreign countries 97 98 Following three days of clashes in Mogadishu over Mohamed s term extension which caused a split in security forces and 60 000 to 100 000 people to flee from their homes Mohamed announced that he will not continue to pursue a two year extension of his term 99 100 On 29 April 2021 Mohamed asked Roble to resign which Roble refused 101 On 1 May 2021 Mohamed delegated the task of overseeing elections according to the 17 September agreement and responsibility for election security to Roble 102 In August 2021 Roble publicly disagreed with Mohamed over a ban on commercial agreements with foreign parties that Mohamed had imposed during the election period which Roble claimed was against the constitution but the rift was resolved within four days 103 In September 2021 a row broke out between Mohamed and Roble over the murder investigation of Ikran Tahlil Farah 104 after Roble suspended the director of the National Intelligence and Security Agency NISA Fahad Yasin and Mohamed overturned his decision declaring it unconstitutional 105 Roble accused Mohamed of obstructing effective investigation of Ikran Tahlil Farah s case 106 On 8 September 2021 Villa Somalia announced that Yasin had resigned as head of NISA and Mohamed immediately reappointed him as his National Security Advisor 107 Somalia s international partners called for a credible investigation on Ikran s disappearance 108 On 16 September 2021 Mohamed revoked Roble s executive powers as prime minister in response to this ongoing feud 109 110 a move which Roble rejected as unlawful 111 The dispute was said to be resolved in October so that elections could go ahead without further delay 112 In December 2021 Mohamed revoked Roble s authority to organize upcoming elections and suggested that a new committee should be formed to oversee them This prompted Roble to accuse Mohamed of sabotaging the electoral process on 26 December 2021 On 27 December Mohamed announced that he was suspending Roble over alleged obstruction of corruption allegations 113 On 28 December 2021 Roble called on Mohamed to immediately step aside and concentrate on the campaign trail for the forthcoming elections 114 On 10 January 2022 Somali leaders announced they struck a deal to complete parliamentary elections by February 25 after repeated delays that have threatened the stability of the country The agreement was reached after several days of talks hosted by Roble with state leaders aimed at ending an impasse over the polls 115 Lawsuits Four cases have been received and registered at the International Criminal Court in the Hague against the Federal Government of Somalia while under the administration of Mohamed over crimes against humanity and serious human rights violations during his tenure The cases were filed at the ICC by a group of international lawyers led by Yusuf Abdi Farah in September 2021 Lawyers are working on three additional cases 116 Awards and honoursAt the 2019 UN General Assembly in New York Mohamed jointly received the Concordia Leadership Award with co recipients Abiy Ahmed Prime Minister of Ethiopia and Isaias Afwerki President of Eritrea 117 References Somalia president abandons U S citizenship voluntarily Africa News 1 August 2019 Archived from the original on 3 August 2019 Retrieved 3 August 2019 a b Majabe A M Why We Need PM Farmajo of Somalia To Run For President in 2012 Allgedo com Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 31 May 2015 Somalia s Mr Cheese president has a lot on his plate BBC 9 February 2017 Archived from the original on 26 May 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 a b c Walsh Declan Dahir Abdi Latif 30 April 2021 The Bureaucrat From Buffalo Who Pushed Somalia to the Brink The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on 30 April 2021 Retrieved 30 April 2021 Viewpoint What Donald Trump gets wrong about Somalia BBC News 6 July 2020 Archived from the original on 3 June 2021 Retrieved 26 April 2021 a b c Somali American is new prime minister in Somalia 14 October 2010 Archived from the original on 25 October 2010 a b c UB grad is named prime minister of Somalia The Buffalo News Archived from the original on 11 June 2011 Retrieved 31 May 2015 Somalia s president gives up US citizenship but unclear why ABC News Associated Press Archived from the original on 1 August 2019 Retrieved 1 August 2019 a b c Biography of His Excellency President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed Farmajo Office of the President of the Republic of Somalia Archived from the original on 3 October 2020 Retrieved 14 March 2021 Ugandan president meets Somalia s First Lady Saynab Abdi Moallim Horn Diplomat 24 October 2020 Archived from the original on 17 December 2021 Retrieved 14 March 2021 Sheikha Moza meets Somalia s First Lady Gulf Times 13 February 2019 Archived from the original on 27 February 2019 Retrieved 14 March 2021 Somalia s president renounces American citizenship The East African 1 August 2019 Archived from the original on 22 June 2021 Retrieved 26 April 2021 a b c New Somali Prime Minister s Experience Praised by Analyst VOA Archived from the original on 4 March 2012 Retrieved 31 May 2015 The Presidency Somali Embassy in Belgium Archived from the original on 22 January 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 UPDATE 1 Somali president nominates Mohamed Abdullahi as PM Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 31 May 2015 Somalia s cheese President Mohammed Abdullahi Mohammed Farmajo Africa News 28 February 2017 Archived from the original on 21 April 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Somalia president appoints new prime minister Radio Netherlands Worldwide 17 October 2010 Archived from the original on 17 October 2010 F 404 UN chief encourages new Somalia PM to form government Archived from the original on 8 November 2010 Retrieved 31 May 2015 Somalia Prime Minister sworn in pledges to negotiate with rebels Alshahid Network Archived from the original on 1 February 2016 Retrieved 31 May 2015 Somali PM names new cabinet Archived from the original on 23 October 2013 Retrieved 31 May 2015 Somali Premier Unveils New Cabinet 12 November 2010 Archived from the original on 14 May 2011 a b c Prime Minister s Speech to the UN Security Council Archived from the original on 5 January 2014 Retrieved 11 February 2017 Site Unavailable Archived from the original on 15 May 2011 Retrieved 31 May 2015 a b Somali PM Defies Kampala Accord Refuses to Step Down VOA 14 June 2011 Archived from the original on 19 February 2021 Retrieved 18 March 2021 PM Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed resigns BBC 19 June 2011 Archived from the original on 11 November 2020 Retrieved 20 June 2018 More Clashes in Somalia Minister Is Killed The New York Times 11 June 2011 Archived from the original on 31 July 2017 Retrieved 11 February 2017 Rey Jay 7 August 2011 Return home surreal after Somalia sojourn Buffalo Times Archived from the original on 7 August 2011 Retrieved 7 August 2011 After a Break to Run Somalia Back at His Cubicle Archived 23 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine By John Leland 6 December 2011 For Somalia s president leaving WNY was difficult but worth it Archived 23 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine By Tim O Shei 28 September 2019 A Somali American s journey to the US and back to his home country comes full circle Archived 23 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine Reporter Daniel Robison The World 23 August 2011 Updated 8 February 2017 Journey From N Y To Be Somalia s Prime Minister Archived 22 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine 22 October 20115 SomaliaReport Former PM Farmajo Forms New Political Party Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 Retrieved 31 May 2015 Somalia Federal Parliament elects Hassan Sheikh Mohamud as President Garowe Online 10 September 2012 Archived from the original on 13 September 2012 Retrieved 10 September 2012 Gettleman Jeffrey 7 February 2017 Fueled by bribes Somalia s election seen as a milestone of corruption The New York Times Archived from the original on 13 December 2020 Retrieved 11 December 2020 In Somalia Presidential Election Underscores Government Corruption NPR org Retrieved 3 September 2021 Gee Taylor How an American Bureaucrat Became President of Somalia POLITICO Magazine Retrieved 3 September 2021 In Somalia s Historic Presidential Election A Surprise Victor Declared NPR org Retrieved 3 September 2021 How an American Bureaucrat Became President of Somalia Archived 23 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine He was a refugee who embraced U S style democracy Now s he s trying to bring it home By TAYLOR GEE 19 February 2017 Buffalo resident is now Somalia s next president after country s first election in decades Archived 22 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine By JASON SILVERSTEIN NEW YORK DAILY NEWS 8 February 2017 Somali President promises to deliver new constitution before next elections Relief Web 16 May 2018 Archived from the original on 18 April 2021 Retrieved 18 April 2021 Kennedy Merrit 8 February 2017 In Somalia s Historic Presidential Electio A Surprise Victor Declared NPR Archived from the original on 23 April 2021 Retrieved 23 April 2021 Somalis green new dawn as US dual national wins presidency TheGuardian com 8 February 2017 Archived from the original on 30 July 2018 Retrieved 23 April 2021 a b Somali lawmakers seek to impeach president amid political crisis Reuters 20 December 2018 Archived from the original on 9 November 2020 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Somali President Farmajo likely to survive impeachment The East Africa 15 December 2018 Archived from the original on 22 June 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Somalia s Parliament Drops Impeachment of President VOA 20 December 2018 Somaliland slums Farmajo s oppressive regime calls for benchmark in Hargeisa Garowe Online Archived from the original on 11 May 2021 Retrieved 11 May 2021 Somalia cuts diplomatic ties with Kenya amid rising tensions Associated Press 15 December 2020 Archived from the original on 16 April 2021 Retrieved 23 April 2021 Somaliland an unrecognised state is winning friends abroad The Economist 8 May 2021 ISSN 0013 0613 Archived from the original on 11 May 2021 Retrieved 11 May 2021 Somaliland leader blames Farmajo for hostilities in Somalia s capital Garowe Online Archived from the original on 11 May 2021 Retrieved 11 May 2021 Somalia Kenya diplomatic row deepens deutsche welle 17 December 2020 Archived from the original on 20 May 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Somalia rejects probe report on tiff with Kenya Andolou Agency 27 January 2021 Archived from the original on 4 February 2021 Retrieved 14 April 2021 Somalia supports Ethiopia s military actions in Tigray days after Foreign Minister sacked Garowe Online 24 November 2020 Archived from the original on 3 February 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Somalia Mystery over thousands of young Somalis secretly sent to Eritrea for military training Somali Affairs 11 June 2021 Archived from the original on 11 June 2021 Retrieved 11 June 2021 Somali men forced into Eritrean army under impression they were signing up for security jobs in Qatar The Daily Telegraph 29 January 2021 Archived from the original on 17 April 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Somali Lawmakers Demand Inquiry on Alleged Troops Fighting in Tigray Voice of America 26 January 2021 Archived from the original on 16 April 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Anger in Somalia as sons secretly sent to serve in Eritrea military force Reuters 28 January 2021 Archived from the original on 16 February 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Somalia SNA recruits fought in Tigray UN report hornobserver com 8 June 2021 Archived from the original on 11 June 2021 Retrieved 11 June 2021 a b Somali Journalists Say President s Remarks Put Them at Risk Voice of America 29 September 2020 Archived from the original on 17 April 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Farmaajo fires at journalists links some to al shabaab Garowe Online 27 September 2020 Archived from the original on 29 April 2021 Retrieved 29 April 2021 Journalists fleeing from threats and abuses from state ahead of Somalia elections Horn Observer 7 August 2020 Archived from the original on 29 April 2021 Retrieved 29 April 2021 Journalist slapped with six months imprisonment fined 200 in Somalia Garowe Online 30 July 2020 Archived from the original on 29 April 2021 Retrieved 29 April 2021 Somalia killings corruption and censorship besiege media freedoms Amnesty International 13 February 2020 Archived from the original on 2 May 2021 Retrieved 29 April 2021 Somalia s govt employed fake journalists to troll journalists and smear political opponents hornobserver com 11 June 2020 Archived from the original on 1 June 2021 Retrieved 29 April 2021 AfricaNews 7 April 2020 Ex Somali president cautions govt after spy outfit threatened top journalist Africanews Archived from the original on 29 April 2021 Retrieved 29 April 2021 US says Somali spy agency s attack on veteran journalist threat to press freedom Somali Affairs 5 April 2020 Archived from the original on 29 April 2021 Retrieved 29 April 2021 Somalia s new media law ignores calls for journalists to be protected 28 August 2020 Archived from the original on 15 April 2021 Retrieved 12 March 2021 Sections of Somalia s media law heavily criticised September 2020 Archived from the original on 15 April 2021 Retrieved 12 March 2021 Joint Letter Re Concerns and Recommendations on Somalia s New Media Law Human Rights Watch 29 September 2020 Archived from the original on 8 June 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 President Farmaajo welcomes Somalia s debt relief success Hiraan Online 26 March 2020 Archived from the original on 30 April 2021 Retrieved 30 April 2021 Somalia s parliament votes to remove PM Hassan Ali Khaire Al Jazeera 25 July 2020 Archived from the original on 20 August 2020 Retrieved 30 August 2020 Sheikh Abdi 25 July 2020 Somalia s parliament ousts prime minister in no confidence vote Reuters Retrieved 30 August 2020 Hassan Mohamed 25 July 2020 Somalia s Parliament Votes Out Prime Minister VOA Archived from the original on 28 July 2020 Retrieved 12 March 2021 UN Boss Condemns Ouster of Somalias PM Garowe Online 23 August 2020 Archived from the original on 24 August 2020 Retrieved 16 September 2020 Protecting stability and inclusivity in Somalia s indirect election process RVI Reliefweb 3 December 2020 Archived from the original on 18 April 2021 Retrieved 18 April 2021 Farmajo shrugs off opponents as opposition intensifies onslaught Garowe 7 December 2020 Archived from the original on 7 December 2020 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Agreement on Indirect Voting Plan for Upcoming Elections Ended Political Stalemate in Somalia Special Representative Tells Security Council United Nations 23 November 2020 Archived from the original on 27 April 2021 Retrieved 17 April 2021 Jubaland accuses farmajo of violating election deal in somalia garowe 29 November 2020 Archived from the original on 29 November 2020 Retrieved 22 June 2021 What is Farmaajos intention of parallel meetings Garowe Online 2 March 2021 Archived from the original on 15 April 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Farmajo under more pressure from Somalias opposition candidates Garowe 9 December 2020 Archived from the original on 10 December 2020 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Presidential Candidates Call for Disbanding of the Electoral Committee Dalsan Radio 26 November 2020 Archived from the original on 22 June 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Somalia s Indirect Election Delayed by Political Standoff VOA 11 December 2020 Archived from the original on 26 January 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Somalia holds emergency talks over election crisis Deutsche Welle 2 January 2021 Archived from the original on 6 March 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Somalia s talks on troubled election fail 2 days before vote Associated Press 6 February 2021 Archived from the original on 18 April 2021 Retrieved 18 April 2021 Somali Elections Remain on Hold After Latest Political Talks Collapse Voice of America 8 April 2021 Archived from the original on 17 April 2021 Retrieved 17 April 2021 Somalia s president to address nation as support crumbles The Independent 27 April 2021 Archived from the original on 27 April 2021 Retrieved 27 April 2021 Somalia president to address nation as PM rejects term extension Al Jazeera 27 April 2021 Archived from the original on 27 April 2021 Retrieved 27 April 2021 Somalia names prime minister unveils plan elections Al Jazeera 18 September 2020 Archived from the original on 20 September 2020 Retrieved 19 September 2020 Somali security forces fire on protest over delayed election Associated Press 19 February 2021 Archived from the original on 5 March 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Deaths reported as Somali security forces open fire on protesters in Mogadishu The Irish Times 19 February 2021 Archived from the original on 22 June 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Gunfire at Mogadishu Protest Intensifies Somali Election Impasse New York Times 19 February 2021 Archived from the original on 9 March 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Doctor says 5 killed in Somalia s election related violence Associated Press 20 February 2021 Archived from the original on 21 April 2021 Retrieved 21 April 2021 Somalia Warns Envoys Against Interference in Political Affairs Voice of America 25 March 2021 Somali Lower House of Parliament Extends President s Term for Two Years Voice of America 12 April 2021 Archived from the original on 13 April 2021 Retrieved 15 April 2021 International outcry as Somalia s president signs mandate extension Belfast Telegraph 14 April 2021 Archived from the original on 17 April 2021 Retrieved 17 April 2021 Farmajo s term extension unconstitutional US senator tells Somalia Garowe 13 April 2021 Archived from the original on 15 April 2021 Retrieved 15 April 2021 Mohamed Farmaajo Defends Shock Term Limit Extension Daily Nation 17 April 2021 Archived from the original on 19 April 2021 Retrieved 19 April 2021 Gunfire Erupts in Mogadishu as Somalia s Political Feud Turns Violent The New York Times 25 April 2021 Archived from the original on 27 April 2021 Retrieved 27 April 2021 Forces opposed to Somali president control parts of Mogadishu Reuters 26 April 2021 Archived from the original on 27 April 2021 Retrieved 27 April 2021 Bowing to pressure Somali president drops bid to extend term Al Jazeera 28 April 2021 Archived from the original on 28 April 2021 Retrieved 28 April 2021 Somali president in poll U turn to stop Mogadishu clashes BBC News 28 April 2021 Archived from the original on 28 April 2021 Retrieved 28 April 2021 Somalia President Farmajo asks PM Roble to resign Somali Affairs 29 April 2021 Archived from the original on 1 May 2021 Retrieved 30 April 2021 Somali PM Mohamed Roble accepts new role in elections The East African 3 May 2021 Archived from the original on 3 May 2021 Retrieved 3 May 2021 Rift between top leadership resolved PM Roble hornobserver com 12 August 2021 Retrieved 2 October 2021 Spy s Death Control Over IMF Funds Roil Election Bound Somalia Bloomberg com 14 September 2021 Retrieved 15 September 2021 Somalia on edge as president PM clash over intelligence chief Reuters 8 September 2021 Retrieved 8 September 2021 Somalia on edge as president PM clash over intelligence chief Al Jazeera Retrieved 8 September 2021 Farmaajo changes tune appoints another spy chief as PM Roble accuses him of sabotage Garowe Online Retrieved 11 September 2021 International Partners Urge Somali Leaders to Reduce Political Tensions and Focus on Electoral Process Somalia ReliefWeb Retrieved 11 September 2021 Somali President Farmajo cuts PM Roble s powers amid row over missing spy BBC News 16 September 2021 Retrieved 16 September 2021 Maxaan ka naqaannaa Farmaajo iyo Rooble oo khilaafkooda cirka isku sii shareeray BBC News Somali in Somali Retrieved 28 September 2021 Somalia crisis deepens as president withdraws PM s powers www aljazeera com Retrieved 29 September 2021 Sheikh Abdi 22 October 2021 Somalia s president prime minister agree to speed up election Reuters Retrieved 23 October 2021 Somalia s president says PM Roble suspended as election spat deepens France 24 Agence France Presse 27 December 2021 Retrieved 27 December 2021 Somalia Join campaign trail PM Roble tells Farmaajo Garowe Online Retrieved 28 December 2021 Somalia s leaders agree to hold delayed election by February 25 www aljazeera com Retrieved 10 January 2022 International lawyers sue Farmaajo govt over crimes against humanity Somali Affairs 26 September 2021 Retrieved 21 October 2021 Somali leader receives Concordia Leadership Award in US Andalou Agency 24 September 2019 Archived from the original on 2 October 2019 Retrieved 22 June 2021 External links Media related to Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed at Wikimedia Commons Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed official Twitter account Thesis U S Strategic Interest in SomaliaPolitical officesPreceded byAbdiwahid Elmi GonjehActing Prime Minister of Somalia2010 2011 Succeeded byAbdiweli Mohamed AliPreceded byHassan Sheikh Mohamud President of Somalia2017 2022 Succeeded byHassan Sheikh MohamudParty political officesNew office Leader of the Tayo Party2012 present IncumbentPortals Politics Somalia Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed amp oldid 1129201455, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.