Varma Kalai (Tamil: varmakkalai, Malayalam and Sanskrit: marma-vidya) is a Tamil traditional art of vital points. It combines massage, alternative medicine, traditional yoga and martial arts[1] in which the body's pressure points (varmam) are manipulated to heal or cause harm. The healing application called Vaidhiya Murai is part of Siddha medicine (siddha vaidyam).[2]
Its combat application is known as Adimurai (it includes a component called Varma Adi, meaning "pressure-point striking") can be done either empty-handed or with a blunt weapon such as a stick or staff. Varma Kalai is usually taught in the advanced stage of Adimurai,[3]Kalaripayattu, and Silambam in Kerala and Tamil Nadu respectively;[4][5] strikes are targeted at the nerves, veins, tendons, soft tissues or ligaments, organs and bone joints.
Folk traces varma kalai to the god Shiva who is said to have taught it to his son Murugan. While disguised as an old man, Murugan passed the knowledge of 108 Varmams to the sage Agastya[4] who then recorded it and disseminated the skill among his students. Nadars tribe believes varma kalai was given to them by Agastya . Siddha medicine is also attributed to Agastya.[6] With numerous other scattered references to Varmam in Vedic and epic sources, it is certain that Tamil Nadu's early fighters knew and practiced attacking and defending vital points.[6]
Knowledge of the body's vital points in India included not only humans but also elephants. Known as nila, learning these points on an elephant's body was and remains necessary for mahouts. Prodding particular nila with a stick elicits various responses such as bringing the animal under control or making them kneel. Warriors would learn to attack certain nila on opposing war-elephants during battle, which could either kill or frighten the animals. The national museums of Sri Lanka have documented at least 86 nila and their functions.
SchoolsEdit
Varma kalai is attributed to several Siddhars, namely Agastya, Bogar, Theriyar and Pulipani. Out of these, only the Agastya school is commonly practiced in Tamil Nadu and in the neighboring state of Kerala.
^ abZarrilli, Phillip B. (1992). "To Heal and/or To Harm: The Vital Spots (Marmmam/Varmam) in Two South Indian Martial Traditions Part I: Focus on Kerala's Kalarippayattu". Journal of Asian Martial Arts. 1 (1).
October 25, 2023
varma, kalai, varma, kalai, tamil, varmakkalai, malayalam, sanskrit, marma, vidya, tamil, traditional, vital, points, combines, massage, alternative, medicine, traditional, yoga, martial, arts, which, body, pressure, points, varmam, manipulated, heal, cause, h. Varma Kalai Tamil varmakkalai Malayalam and Sanskrit marma vidya is a Tamil traditional art of vital points It combines massage alternative medicine traditional yoga and martial arts 1 in which the body s pressure points varmam are manipulated to heal or cause harm The healing application called Vaidhiya Murai is part of Siddha medicine siddha vaidyam 2 Its combat application is known as Adimurai it includes a component called Varma Adi meaning pressure point striking can be done either empty handed or with a blunt weapon such as a stick or staff Varma Kalai is usually taught in the advanced stage of Adimurai 3 Kalaripayattu and Silambam in Kerala and Tamil Nadu respectively 4 5 strikes are targeted at the nerves veins tendons soft tissues or ligaments organs and bone joints Contents 1 History 2 Schools 3 See also 4 ReferencesHistory EditFolk traces varma kalai to the god Shiva who is said to have taught it to his son Murugan While disguised as an old man Murugan passed the knowledge of 108 Varmams to the sage Agastya 4 who then recorded it and disseminated the skill among his students Nadars tribe believes varma kalai was given to them by Agastya Siddha medicine is also attributed to Agastya 6 With numerous other scattered references to Varmam in Vedic and epic sources it is certain that Tamil Nadu s early fighters knew and practiced attacking and defending vital points 6 Knowledge of the body s vital points in India included not only humans but also elephants Known as nila learning these points on an elephant s body was and remains necessary for mahouts Prodding particular nila with a stick elicits various responses such as bringing the animal under control or making them kneel Warriors would learn to attack certain nila on opposing war elephants during battle which could either kill or frighten the animals The national museums of Sri Lanka have documented at least 86 nila and their functions Schools EditVarma kalai is attributed to several Siddhars namely Agastya Bogar Theriyar and Pulipani Out of these only the Agastya school is commonly practiced in Tamil Nadu and in the neighboring state of Kerala See also Edit nbsp India portal nbsp Martial arts portalAngampora Banshay Bataireacht Bōjutsu Gatka Jukendō Kalaripayattu Kendo Kenjutsu Krabi krabong Kuttu Varisai Mardani khel Siddha medicine Silambam Silambam Asia Tahtib Thang ta World Silambam AssociationReferences Edit Tamilnadu Varma Kalai Tamilnadu com 26 December 2012 Guruji Murugan Chillayah 20 October 2012 Silambam and Varma Kalai Art Silambam Retrieved 31 May 2013 Adi Murai The science of combat a b Luijendijk D H 2005 Kalarippayat India s Ancient Martial Art Paladin Press ISBN 1 58160 480 7 Stevens B From Lee to Li HarperCollins 2009 ISBN 9780007347414 a b Zarrilli Phillip B 1992 To Heal and or To Harm The Vital Spots Marmmam Varmam in Two South Indian Martial Traditions Part I Focus on Kerala s Kalarippayattu Journal of Asian Martial Arts 1 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Varma kalai amp oldid 1169507481, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
