Ocean – the four to seven largest named bodies of water in the World Ocean, all of which have "Ocean" in the name. See Borders of the oceans for details.
A marginal sea is a division of an ocean, partially enclosed by islands, archipelagos, or peninsulas, adjacent to or widely open to the open ocean at the surface, and/or bounded by submarine ridges on the sea floor.[4]
A division of an ocean, delineated by landforms,[5] currents (e.g., Sargasso Sea), or specific latitude or longitude boundaries. This includes but is not limited to marginal seas, and this is the definition used for inclusion in this list.
The World Ocean. For example, the Law of the Sea states that all of the World Ocean is "sea",[6][7][8][b] and this is also common usage for "the sea".
Any large body of water with "Sea" in the name, including lakes.
River – a narrow strip of water that flows over land from a higher elevation to a lower one
Tributary – a small river that flows into a larger one
Estuary – the piece of a river that flows into the sea or ocean
Strait – a narrow area of water connecting two wider areas of water, also sometimes known as a passage
Fjard – a large open water between groups of islands
There are several terms used for bulges of ocean that result from indentations of land, which overlap in definition, and which are not consistently differentiated:[10]
Bay – generic term; though most features with "Bay" in the name are small, some are very large
Gulf – a very large bay, often a top-level division of an ocean or sea
Fjord – a long bay with steep sides, typically formed by a glacier
Bight – a bay that is typically shallower than a sound
Sound – a large, wide bay which is typically deeper than a bight, or a strait
Cove – a small, typically sheltered bay with a relatively narrow entrance
Inlet – a narrow and long bay similar to a land peninsula, but adjoining the sea
Polynya – least used of these terms, a patch of water surrounded by ice
Many features could be considered to be more than one of these, and all of these terms are used in place names inconsistently; especially bays, gulfs, and bights, which can be very large or very small. This list includes large areas of water no matter the term used in the name.
Seas may be considered marginal between ocean and land, or between oceans in which case they may be treated as marginal parts of either. There is no single ultimate authority on the matter.[11]
In addition to the marginal seas listed in the three sub-sections below, the Arctic Ocean itself is sometimes also considered a marginal sea of the Atlantic.[12][13]
^There is no accepted technical definition of sea among oceanographers. A rather weak definition is that a sea is a subdivision of an ocean, which means that it must have oceanic basin crust on its floor. This definition, for example, accepts the Caspian Sea, which was once part of an ancient ocean, as a sea.[1] The Introduction to Marine Biology defines a sea as a "landlocked" body of water, adding that the term "sea" is only one of convenience, but the book is written by marine biologists, not oceanographers.[2]The Glossary of Mapping Sciences similarly states that the boundaries between seas and other bodies of water are arbitrary.[3]
^According to this definition, the Caspian would be excluded as it is legally an "international lake".[9]
^ abcdefProposed names to the IHO 2002 draft. This draft was never approved by the IHO (or any other organization), and the 1953 IHO document (which does not contain these names which mostly originated from 1962 onward) remains currently in force.[15] Leading geographic authorities and atlases do not use these names, including the 2014 10th edition World Atlas from the National Geographic Society and the 2014 12th edition of the Times Atlas of the World. But Soviet and Russian-issued state maps do include them.[16][17]
References
^Conforti, B; Bravo, Luigi Ferrari (2005). The Italian Yearbook of International Law 2004. ISBN9789004150270.
^Karleskint, George; Turner, Richard L; Small, James W (2009). Introduction to Marine Biology. ISBN9780495561972.
^The Glossary of the Mapping Sciences – Google Books. 1994. ISBN9780784475706. Retrieved 2013-04-19.
^American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (1994). Glossary of the mapping sciences. ASCE Publications. p. 469. ISBN978-0-7844-0050-0. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
^"What's the difference between an ocean and a sea?". Oceanservice.noaa.gov. 11 January 2013. Retrieved 19 April 2013.
^Vukas, B (2004). The Law of the Sea: Selected Writings. ISBN9789004138636.
^Gupta, Manoj (2010). Indian Ocean Region: Maritime Regimes for Regional Cooperation. ISBN9781441959898.
^"Discover The Seven Seas of the Earth". Geography.about.com. Retrieved 2013-04-19.
^. gturs.com. Archived from the original on 2015-09-10. Retrieved 2015-06-06. (map)
External links
The dictionary definition of marginal sea at Wiktionary
January 18, 2023
list, seas, seas, redirects, here, other, uses, seas, disambiguation, this, list, incomplete, help, adding, missing, items, july, 2016, this, list, seas, world, ocean, including, marginal, seas, areas, water, various, gulfs, bights, bays, straits, marginal, se. Seas redirects here For other uses see Seas disambiguation This list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items July 2016 This is a list of seas of the World Ocean including marginal seas areas of water various gulfs bights bays and straits Marginal seas as defined by the International Hydrographic Organization Contents 1 Terminology 2 Largest seas by area 3 Marginal seas by ocean 3 1 Arctic Ocean 3 2 Atlantic Ocean 3 2 1 Africa and Eurasia 3 2 2 Americas 3 2 3 Northern islands 3 3 Indian Ocean 3 4 Pacific Ocean 3 4 1 Americas 3 4 2 Australia and Eurasia 3 5 Southern Ocean 4 A 5 Not included 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksTerminology EditOcean the four to seven largest named bodies of water in the World Ocean all of which have Ocean in the name See Borders of the oceans for details Sea has several definitions a A marginal sea is a division of an ocean partially enclosed by islands archipelagos or peninsulas adjacent to or widely open to the open ocean at the surface and or bounded by submarine ridges on the sea floor 4 A division of an ocean delineated by landforms 5 currents e g Sargasso Sea or specific latitude or longitude boundaries This includes but is not limited to marginal seas and this is the definition used for inclusion in this list The World Ocean For example the Law of the Sea states that all of the World Ocean is sea 6 7 8 b and this is also common usage for the sea Any large body of water with Sea in the name including lakes River a narrow strip of water that flows over land from a higher elevation to a lower one Tributary a small river that flows into a larger one Estuary the piece of a river that flows into the sea or ocean Strait a narrow area of water connecting two wider areas of water also sometimes known as a passage Channel usually wider than a strait Passage connects waters between islands also sometimes known as a strait Canal a man made channel Fjard a large open water between groups of islandsThere are several terms used for bulges of ocean that result from indentations of land which overlap in definition and which are not consistently differentiated 10 Bay generic term though most features with Bay in the name are small some are very large Gulf a very large bay often a top level division of an ocean or sea Fjord a long bay with steep sides typically formed by a glacier Bight a bay that is typically shallower than a sound Sound a large wide bay which is typically deeper than a bight or a strait Cove a small typically sheltered bay with a relatively narrow entrance Inlet a narrow and long bay similar to a land peninsula but adjoining the sea Polynya least used of these terms a patch of water surrounded by iceMany features could be considered to be more than one of these and all of these terms are used in place names inconsistently especially bays gulfs and bights which can be very large or very small This list includes large areas of water no matter the term used in the name Largest seas by area EditThe largest terrestrial seas are Philippine Sea 5 695 million km2 Coral Sea 4 791 million km2 American Mediterranean Sea 4 200 million km2 Arabian Sea 3 862 million km2 Sargasso Sea 3 5 million km2 South China Sea 3 5 million km2 Weddell Sea 2 8 million km2 Caribbean Sea 2 754 million km2 Mediterranean Sea 2 510 million km2 Gulf of Guinea 2 35 million km2 Tasman Sea 2 3 million km2 Bay of Bengal 2 172 million km2 Bering Sea 2 million km2 Sea of Okhotsk 1 583 million km2 Gulf of Mexico 1 550 million km2 Gulf of Alaska 1 533 million km2 Barents Sea 1 4 million km2 Norwegian Sea 1 383 million km2 East China Sea 1 249 million km2 Hudson Bay 1 23 million km2 Greenland Sea 1 205 million km2 Somov Sea 1 15 million km2 Mar de Grau 1 14 million km2 Riiser Larsen Sea 1 138 million km2 Sea of Japan 1 05 million km2 Argentine Sea 1 million km2 East Siberian Sea 987 000 km2 Lazarev Sea 929 000 km2 Kara Sea 926 000 km2 Scotia Sea 900 000 km2 Labrador Sea 841 000 km2 Andaman Sea 797 700 km2 Laccadive Sea 786 000 km2 Irminger Sea 780 000 km2 Solomon Sea 720 000 km2 Mozambique Channel 700 000 km2 Cosmonauts Sea 699 000 km2 Banda Sea 695 000 km2 Baffin Bay 689 000 km2 Laptev Sea 662 000 km2 Arafura Sea 650 000 km2 Ross Sea 637 000 km2 Chukchi Sea 620 000 km2 Timor Sea 610 000 km2 North Sea 575 000 km2 Bellingshausen Sea 487 000 km2 Beaufort Sea 476 000 km2 Red Sea 438 000 km2 Black Sea 436 000 km2 Gulf of Aden 410 000 km2 Yellow Sea 380 000 km2 Baltic Sea 377 000 km2 Caspian Sea 371 000 km2 Libyan Sea 350 000 km2 Mawson Sea 333 000 km2 Levantine Sea 320 000 km2 Java Sea 320 000 km2 Gulf of Thailand 320 000 km2 Celtic Sea 300 000 km2 Gulf of Carpentaria 300 000 km2 Celebes Sea 280 000 km2 Tyrrhenian Sea 275 000 km2 Sulu Sea 260 000 km2 Cooperation Sea 258 000 km2 Persian Gulf 251 000 km2 Flores Sea 240 000 km2 Gulf of Saint Lawrence 226 000 km2 Bay of Biscay 223 000 km2 Aegean Sea 214 000 km2 Gulf of Anadyr 200 000 km2 Molucca Sea 200 000 km2 Oman Sea 181 000 km2 Ionian Sea 169 000 km2 Gulf of California 160 000 km2 Balearic Sea 150 000 km2 Adriatic Sea 138 000 km2Marginal seas by ocean EditSeas may be considered marginal between ocean and land or between oceans in which case they may be treated as marginal parts of either There is no single ultimate authority on the matter 11 Arctic Ocean Edit clockwise from 180 Chukchi Sea East Siberian Sea Laptev Sea Kara Sea Barents Sea connected to the Kara Sea by the Kara Strait Pechora Sea White Sea Queen Victoria Sea Wandel Sea Greenland Sea Lincoln Sea recognized by the IHO but not the IMO Baffin Bay The Northwest Passages Prince Gustav Adolf Sea Amundsen Gulf more to be listed Hudson Bay Foxe Basin Bowman Bay Wager Bay Roes Welcome Sound Foxe Channel Bay of Gods Mercy Hudson Strait Ungava Bay Native Bay Evans Strait Fisher Strait James Bay Beaufort SeaAtlantic Ocean Edit In addition to the marginal seas listed in the three sub sections below the Arctic Ocean itself is sometimes also considered a marginal sea of the Atlantic 12 13 Africa and Eurasia Edit The Norwegian Sea Aegean Adriatic Ionian and Tyrrhenian seas Norwegian Sea North Sea Kattegat Skagerrak Wadden Sea Dogger Bank Baltic Sea Gulf of Bothnia Kvarken Bothnian Sea South Kvarken Sea of Aland Archipelago Sea Gulf of Finland Vyborg Bay Neva Bay Koporye Bay Luga Bay Narva Bay Vainameri Sea Gulf of Riga Curonian Lagoon Vistula Lagoon Gdansk Bay Bay of Pomerania Szczecin Lagoon Bay of Greifswald Rugischer Bodden Strelasund Bay of Lubeck Bay of Kiel Kalmar Strait Bight of Hano Danish straits Oresund Strait Fehmarn Belt Great Belt Little Belt English Channel Strait of Dover Irish Sea Celtic Sea Iroise Sea Bay of Biscay Cantabrian Sea Gulf of Cadiz Mediterranean Sea Alboran Sea Mar Menor Balearic Catalan Sea Gulf of Valencia Gulf of Lion Etang de Thau Ligurian Sea Gulf of Genoa Tyrrhenian Sea Gulf of Naples Gulf of Salerno Gulf of Cagliari Adriatic Sea Bay of Kotor Gulf of Venice Gulf of Trieste Venetian Lagoon Kvarner Gulf Ionian Sea Gulf of Taranto Gulf of Corinth Messenian Gulf Laconian Gulf Aegean Sea Myrtoan Sea Argolic Gulf Saronic Gulf Petalioi Gulf South Euboean Gulf North Euboean Gulf Malian Gulf Pagasetic Gulf Thermaic Gulf Thracian Sea Strymonian Gulf Gulf of Saros Edremit Gulf Gulf of Izmir Icarian Sea Gulf of Gokova Sea of Crete Sea of Marmara 14 Gulf of Izmit 14 Levantine Sea Gulf of Antalya Gulf of Alexandretta Libyan Sea Gulf of Sidra Gulf of Gabes Strait of Sicily Gulf of Tunis Inland Sea Gozo Sea of Sardinia Gulf of Asinara Black Sea 14 Gulf of Burgas 14 Karkinit Bay 14 Kalamita Bay 14 Sea of Azov 14 Syvash 14 Taganrog Bay 14 Bay of Arguin Dakhlet Nouadhibou Yawri Bay Gulf of Guinea Bight of Benin Bight of Bonny Corisco Bay Luanda Bay Walvis Bay Saldanha Bay Table Bay False BayAmericas Edit coast wise from north to south North Water Polynya Baffin Bay Davis Strait Home Bay Labrador Sea Cumberland Sound Frobisher Bay Gulf of St Lawrence Gulf of Maine Bay of Fundy Massachusetts Bay Cape Cod Bay Nantucket Sound Vineyard Sound Buzzards Bay Narragansett Bay Rhode Island Sound Block Island Sound Fishers Island Sound Long Island Sound Shelter Island Sound Noyack Bay Peconic Bay Gardiners Bay Tobaccolot Bay Sag Harbor Bay Three Mile Harbor Long Beach Bay Pipes Cove Southold Bay Flanders Bay Napeague Bay Fort Pond Bay North Sea Harbor New York Bay Upper New York Bay Lower New York Bay Jamaica Bay Raritan Bay Sandy Hook Bay Delaware Bay Chesapeake Bay Albemarle Sound Pamlico Sound American Mediterranean Sea Gulf of Mexico Florida Bay Tampa Bay Charlotte Harbor Estuary Pensacola Bay Mobile Bay Vermilion Bay Galveston Bay Bay of Campeche Caribbean Sea Gulf of Gonave Haiti Gulf of Honduras Golfo de los Mosquitos Gulf of Venezuela Lake Maracaibo Gulf of Paria Gulf of Darien Bay of All Saints Guanabara Bay Lagoa dos Patos Argentine Sea Samborombon Bay San Matias Gulf Golfo Nuevo San Jorge GulfNorthern islands Edit The Irish Sea from east to west Irish Sea between Great Britain and Ireland Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland Sea of the Hebrides Great Britain Denmark Strait between Greenland and Iceland Irminger SeaIndian Ocean Edit The Arabian Sea as a marginal sea of the Indian Ocean Andaman Sea Gulf of Martaban an arm of the Andaman Sea in the southern part of Myanmar Arabian Sea Gulf of Kutch Gulf of Khambhat Bay of Bengal Gulf of Aden Gulf of Oman Laccadive Sea Mozambique Channel Persian Gulf Red Sea Sea of Zanj Timor Sea Palk Strait Palk Bay Gulf of MannarPacific Ocean Edit Coral Sea Americas Edit Bering Sea Bristol Bay Norton Sound Chilean Sea Gulf of Corcovado Gulf of Penas Moraleda Channel Reloncavi Sound Sea of Chiloe Gulf of Alaska Cook Inlet Glacier Bay Prince William Sound Salish Sea Gulf of California also known as the Sea of Cortes Gulf of the Farallones Gulf of Fonseca Gulf of Guayaquil Gulf of Nicoya Gulf of Panama Bay of San Miguel Gulf of Parita Panama Bay Grau Sea Salish Sea San Francisco Bay San Pablo BayAustralia and Eurasia Edit Arafura Sea Bali Sea Banda Sea Bay of Kampong Som Bay of Plenty Bismarck Sea Bohai Sea Bohol Sea also known as the Mindanao Sea Camotes Sea Celebes Sea Ceram Sea Coral Sea Devil s Dragon s Sea East China Sea Ariake Sea Hangzhou Bay Kagoshima Bay Flores Sea Gulf of Carpentaria Gulf of Thailand Bandon Bay Bay of Bangkok Halmahera Sea Hauraki Gulf Hawke s Bay Java Sea Koro Sea Molucca Sea Philippine Sea Ise Bay Mikawa Bay Suruga Bay Poverty Bay Sagami Bay Savu Sea Sea of Japan Peter the Great Gulf Toyama Bay Wakasa Bay Sea of Okhotsk Shelikhov Gulf Seto Inland Sea Osaka Bay Sibuyan Sea Solomon Sea South China Sea Gulf of Tonkin Qiongzhou Strait Natuna Sea North Natuna Sea West Philippine Sea South Seas Gulf of Tonkin Sulu Sea Tasman Sea Tokyo Bay Visayan Sea Waihau Bay Yellow Sea Bohai Sea Bohai Bay Laizhou Bay Liaodong Bay Jiaozhou Bay Korea SeaSouthern Ocean Edit Amundsen Sea Bellingshausen Sea Cooperation Sea c Cosmonauts Sea c Davis Sea D Urville Sea Drake Passage King Haakon VII Sea c Lazarev Sea c Mawson Sea c McMurdo Sound Polynyas in McMurdo Sound Riiser Larsen Sea Ross Sea Scotia Sea Somov Sea c Spencer Gulf Weddell Sea Weddell Polynya Maud Rise PolynyaA EditSargasso Sea North Atlantic GyreNot included EditEntities called seas which are not divisions of the World Ocean are not included in this list Excluded are Salt lakes with Sea in the name Aral Sea Dead Sea Salton Sea Freshwater lakes with Sea in the name Sea of Galilee Extraterrestrial oceans list of largest lakes and seas in the Solar System Gulfs bays straits and other bodies of water in lakesOther items not included Coral reefs Glaciers Ice shelves Marshes Ocean banks Ocean gyres Oceans Reefs River deltas Rivers Swamps Swimming pools water parks WetlandsSee also Edit Oceans portal Water portal Geography portal Lists portal World portalInland sea geology Mediterranean sea oceanography Oceanography Atlantic Ocean Indian OceanNotes Edit There is no accepted technical definition of sea among oceanographers A rather weak definition is that a sea is a subdivision of an ocean which means that it must have oceanic basin crust on its floor This definition for example accepts the Caspian Sea which was once part of an ancient ocean as a sea 1 The Introduction to Marine Biology defines a sea as a landlocked body of water adding that the term sea is only one of convenience but the book is written by marine biologists not oceanographers 2 The Glossary of Mapping Sciences similarly states that the boundaries between seas and other bodies of water are arbitrary 3 According to this definition the Caspian would be excluded as it is legally an international lake 9 a b c d e f Proposed names to the IHO 2002 draft This draft was never approved by the IHO or any other organization and the 1953 IHO document which does not contain these names which mostly originated from 1962 onward remains currently in force 15 Leading geographic authorities and atlases do not use these names including the 2014 10th edition World Atlas from the National Geographic Society and the 2014 12th edition of the Times Atlas of the World But Soviet and Russian issued state maps do include them 16 17 References Edit Conforti B Bravo Luigi Ferrari 2005 The Italian Yearbook of International Law 2004 ISBN 9789004150270 Karleskint George Turner Richard L Small James W 2009 Introduction to Marine Biology ISBN 9780495561972 The Glossary of the Mapping Sciences Google Books 1994 ISBN 9780784475706 Retrieved 2013 04 19 American Congress on Surveying and Mapping 1994 Glossary of the mapping sciences ASCE Publications p 469 ISBN 978 0 7844 0050 0 Retrieved 9 December 2010 What s the difference between an ocean and a sea Oceanservice noaa gov 11 January 2013 Retrieved 19 April 2013 Vukas B 2004 The Law of the Sea Selected Writings ISBN 9789004138636 Gupta Manoj 2010 Indian Ocean Region Maritime Regimes for Regional Cooperation ISBN 9781441959898 Discover The Seven Seas of the Earth Geography about com Retrieved 2013 04 19 Gokay Bulent 2001 The Politics of Caspian Oil ISBN 9780333739730 gulf coastal feature Wang James C F 1992 Handbook on Ocean Politics amp Law Greenwood Publishing Group p 14 ISBN 978 0 313 26434 4 James C F Wang 1992 Handbook on ocean politics amp law Greenwood Publishing Group pp 14 ISBN 9780313264344 Retrieved 9 December 2010 Longhurt Alan R 2007 Ecological Geography of the Sea Academic Press p 104 ISBN 978 0 12 455521 1 a b c d e f g h i Often treated as a part of the Mediterranean Sea Limits of Oceans and Seas 3rd currently in force edition PDF International Hydrographic Organization 1953 Archived from the original PDF on 8 October 2011 Retrieved 28 December 2020 Antarktida rubricon com map Antarktida gturs com Archived from the original on 2015 09 10 Retrieved 2015 06 06 map External links Edit The dictionary definition of marginal sea at Wiktionary Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of seas amp oldid 1134146725 Marginal seas by ocean, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
