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List of tie-breaking votes cast by the vice president of the United States

Under Article I, Section 3, Clause 4 of the Constitution of the United States, the vice president of the United States is the ex officio president of the Senate but may only cast a vote in the Senate to break a tie. As of December 5, 2023, vice presidents have cast a total of 301 tie-breaking votes in the Senate.[1] There are also two tie-breaking votes cast by Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase during the 1868 impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson, although it is still debated whether he had the authority to do so.[2]

Constitutional basis edit

Article I, Section 3, Clause 4 of the Constitution of the United States states:

The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided.[3]

History edit

When there is a tie in the Senate, as seen here for the confirmation of Betsy DeVos as Secretary of Education, the vice president (in this case, Mike Pence) has to step in to break the tie, or the motion fails by default.

John Adams, the first vice president of the United States, cast 29 tie-breaking votes during his tenure. His first vote was on July 18, 1789.[4] He used his votes to preserve the president's sole authority over the removal of appointees,[5] influence the location of the national capital,[6] and prevent war with Great Britain.[7] At times, he even convinced senators to vote against legislation that he opposed and often provided guidance on procedural and policy matters. Adams' political views and active role in the Senate made him a target for critics of the Washington administration. Toward the end of his first term, threatened by a resolution that would have silenced him on all but procedural and policy matters, he exercised more restraint, hoping to be elected president of the United States in his own right.[4]

John C. Calhoun was the only vice president to cast tie-breaking votes against his own president, Andrew Jackson. In 1832, Calhoun cast a tie-breaking vote to delay and later defeat the nomination of Martin Van Buren as United States Minister to the United Kingdom. Calhoun's supporters in the Senate allowed him to defy Jackson, where just enough of Calhoun's faction abstained to create a tie that he then broke.[8]

In the early 21st century, the threat of a filibuster increased the use of cloture to end debate in the Senate, especially on highly divisive issues,[9][10] making it rare for the vice president to have the opportunity to cast a decisive vote, as cloture requires a three-fifths majority. However, rules changes in 2013 and 2017[10] reduced the requirement for cloture on nominations to a simple majority, which led to the first use of a tie-breaking vote to confirm a Cabinet member when Vice President Mike Pence confirmed Betsy DeVos as secretary of education in 2017.[11] In 2018, Pence cast a tie-breaking vote to confirm Jonathan A. Kobes to the Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, the first such vote to confirm a judicial nominee in U.S. history.[12]

Following the 2020 Senate elections, the Senate was divided 50-50 between Republicans and Democrats in the 117th Congress. Votes by Vice President Kamala Harris played a critical role in passing Democratic legislation, including the American Rescue Plan and the Inflation Reduction Act. In addition, Harris gave the Democratic Party majority-control of the Senate.[13] On July 20, 2021, Harris broke Pence's record for the most tie-breaking votes in the first year of a vice presidency, casting seven tie-breaking votes in her first six months.[14] She cast a total of 15 tie-breaking votes in her first year, setting a new record for the most tie-breaking votes in a single year in U.S. history, surpassing the 12 votes cast by John Adams in 1790.[15] On May 11, 2022, Harris set a new record for tie-breaking votes in a single day, casting four votes.[16] On July 13, 2023, Harris matched Calhoun's record for the most tie-breaking votes cast by a vice president in U.S history at 31 votes.[17] On December 5, 2023, Harris broke Calhoun's record.[18]

The recent dramatic rise in the frequency of vice presidential votes is due in part to the Senate often being equally divided on procedural votes, such as on invoking cloture, in addition to final votes on divisive issues, resulting in the vice president needing to vote multiple times on the same nominee or resolution.[19]

List of vice presidents by number of tie-breaking votes edit

 
Kamala Harris has cast the most tie-breaking votes of any vice president.[18]

As of December 5, 2023, there have been 301 tie-breaking votes cast by vice presidents.[15]

Rank Number
cast
Name Party Order in
office
Term of office President(s)
1 33 Kamala Harris Democratic 49 January 20, 2021 –
Incumbent
Joe Biden
2 31 John C. Calhoun Democratic-Republican 7 March 4, 1825 –
December 28, 1832
John Quincy Adams / Andrew Jackson
3 29 John Adams Federalist 1 April 21, 1789 –
March 4, 1797
George Washington
4 19 George M. Dallas Democratic 11 March 4, 1845 –
March 4, 1849
James K. Polk
5 18 Schuyler Colfax Republican 17 March 4, 1869 –
March 4, 1873
Ulysses S. Grant
6
(tie)
14 George Clinton Democratic-Republican 4 March 4, 1805 –
April 20, 1812
Thomas Jefferson / James Madison
14 Richard Mentor Johnson Democratic 9 March 4, 1837 –
March 4, 1841
Martin Van Buren
8 13 Mike Pence Republican 48 January 20, 2017 –
January 20, 2021
Donald Trump
9 10 John C. Breckinridge Democratic 14 March 4, 1857 –
March 4, 1861
James Buchanan
10
(tie)
9 Elbridge Gerry Democratic-Republican 5 March 4, 1813 –
November 23, 1814
James Madison
9 Thomas R. Marshall Democratic 28 March 4, 1913 –
March 4, 1921
Woodrow Wilson
12
(tie)
8 Alben W. Barkley Democratic 35 January 20, 1949 –
January 20, 1953
Harry S. Truman
8 Richard Nixon Republican 36 January 20, 1953 –
January 20, 1961
Dwight D. Eisenhower
8 Dick Cheney Republican 46 January 20, 2001 –
January 20, 2009
George W. Bush
15
(tie)
7 Hannibal Hamlin Republican 15 March 4, 1861 –
March 4, 1865
Abraham Lincoln
7 George H. W. Bush Republican 43 January 20, 1981 –
January 20, 1989
Ronald Reagan
17
(tie)
6 Daniel D. Tompkins Democratic-Republican 6 March 4, 1817 –
March 4, 1825
James Monroe
6 William A. Wheeler Republican 19 March 4, 1877 –
March 4, 1881
Rutherford B. Hayes
19
(tie)
4 Martin Van Buren Democratic 8 March 4, 1833 –
March 4, 1837
Andrew Jackson
4 Levi P. Morton Republican 22 March 4, 1889 –
March 4, 1893
Benjamin Harrison
4 James S. Sherman Republican 27 March 4, 1909 –
October 30, 1912
William Howard Taft
4 Henry A. Wallace Democratic 33 January 20, 1941 –
January 20, 1945
Franklin D. Roosevelt
4 Hubert Humphrey Democratic 38 January 20, 1965 –
January 20, 1969
Lyndon B. Johnson
4 Al Gore Democratic 45 January 20, 1993 –
January 20, 2001
Bill Clinton
25
(tie)
3 Thomas Jefferson Democratic-Republican 2 March 4, 1797 –
March 4, 1801
John Adams
3 Aaron Burr Democratic-Republican 3 March 4, 1801 –
March 4, 1805
Thomas Jefferson
3 Millard Fillmore Whig 12 March 4, 1849 –
July 9, 1850
Zachary Taylor
3 Chester A. Arthur Republican 20 March 4, 1881 –
September 19, 1881
James A. Garfield
3 Charles Curtis Republican 31 March 4, 1929 –
March 4, 1933
Herbert Hoover
3 John Nance Garner Democratic 32 March 4, 1933 –
January 20, 1941
Franklin D. Roosevelt
31
(tie)
2 Adlai Stevenson I Democratic 23 March 4, 1893 –
March 4, 1897
Grover Cleveland
2 Charles G. Dawes Republican 30 March 4, 1925 –
March 4, 1929
Calvin Coolidge
2 Spiro Agnew Republican 39 January 20, 1969 –
October 10, 1973
Richard Nixon
34
(tie)
1 Henry Wilson Republican 18 March 4, 1873 –
November 22, 1875
Ulysses S. Grant
1 Garret Hobart Republican 24 March 4, 1897 –
November 21, 1899
William McKinley
1 Harry S. Truman Democratic 34 January 20, 1945 –
April 12, 1945
Franklin D. Roosevelt
1 Walter Mondale Democratic 42 January 20, 1977 –
January 20, 1981
Jimmy Carter
38
(tie)
0 John Tyler Whig 10 March 4, 1841 –
April 4, 1841
William Henry Harrison
0 William R. King Democratic 13 March 4, 1853 –
April 18, 1853
Franklin Pierce
0 Andrew Johnson National Union 16 March 4, 1865 –
April 15, 1865
Abraham Lincoln
0 Thomas A. Hendricks Democratic 21 March 4, 1885 –
November 25, 1885
Grover Cleveland
0 Theodore Roosevelt Republican 25 March 4, 1901 –
September 14, 1901
William McKinley
0 Charles W. Fairbanks Republican 26 March 4, 1905 –
March 4, 1909
Theodore Roosevelt
0 Calvin Coolidge Republican 29 March 4, 1921 –
August 2, 1923
Warren G. Harding
0 Lyndon B. Johnson Democratic 37 January 20, 1961 –
November 22, 1963
John F. Kennedy
0 Gerald Ford Republican 40 December 6, 1973 –
August 9, 1974
Richard Nixon
0 Nelson Rockefeller Republican 41 December 19, 1974 –
January 20, 1977
Gerald Ford
0 Dan Quayle Republican 44 January 20, 1989 –
January 20, 1993
George H. W. Bush
0 Joe Biden Democratic 47 January 20, 2009 –
January 20, 2017
Barack Obama

List of tie-breaking votes edit

Senate President Date Action Vote Ultimate result
Chester A. Arthur March 18, 1881 The Republican minority in the Senate was attempting to secure their slate of standing committees. Senator Anthony moved to indefinitly postpone the resolution of Sen. Pendleton to appoint the Democratic slate standing committees of the Senate.[8][20] Yea: 38-37 Democratic resolution postponed.
Resolution to adopt the Republican organization of the standing committees.[8][20] Yea: 38-37 Republican resolution adopted.
March 24, 1881 Motion to proceed to executive session.[21] Nay: 32-33 Motion defeated.
Thomas A. Hendricks No Votes
Levi P. Morton January 14, 1891 Motion to proceed to consideration of H.R. 11045 (the Lodge Bill).[22][23] Yea: 34-33 The bill was laid before the Senate, but it never became law.
January 16, 1891 Motion to table Reagan amendment to H.R. 11045.[24] Yea: 31-30 Amendment tabled.
December 15, 1892 Motion that after adjourning that day, the Senate would meet on the following Monday.[25] Yea: 28-27 Motion agreed to.
February 9, 1893 Motion that after adjourning that day, the Senate would meet at noon the next day.[26] Yea: 31-30 Motion agreed to.
Adlai E. Stevenson February 15, 1894 Passage of H.R. 3606 ("to require railroad companies operating railroads in the Territories over a right of way granted by the Government to establish stations and depots at all town sites on the lines of said roads established by the Interior Department.")[27] Yea: 28-27 Bill passed.
August 11, 1894 Motion that the Senate proceed to executive session.[28] Yea: 36-35 Senate proceeded to executive session.
Garret Hobart February 14, 1899 Bacon amendment to joint resolution S.R. 240 (stating the intentions of the United States toward the Philippine Islands after the ratification of the treaty of peace with Spain) expanding the resolution to disclaim any intention of exercising permanent sovereignty over the islands.[29] Nay: 29-30 Amendment defeated. Joint resolution passed.
Theodore Roosevelt No Votes
Charles W. Fairbanks No Votes
James S. Sherman February 2, 1911 Gallinger amendment to S. 6708 (ocean mail subsidy bill[8]) authorizing the Postmaster General to pay for certain ocean mail services.[30] Yea: 40-39 Amendment passed.
Passage of S. 6708.[30] Yea: 40-39 Passed.
Adjournment for the day.[31] Yea: 38-37 Senate adjourned for the day.
June 12, 1911 Bristow amendment to H. J. Res. 39 (the Seventeenth Amendment) removing the "race rider" and retaining the power of the federal government to supervise senatorial elections.[32][8][33][34] Yea: 45-44 Amendment passed.
Thomas R. Marshall December 19, 1913 Brandegee amendment to a committee amendment to H.R. 7837 (Federal Reserve Act)[35] Nay: 43-44 Amendment defeated. H.R. 7837 passed and enacted.
March 19, 1914 Motion to consider S. J. Res. 41 ("authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to sell or lease certain public lands to the Republic Coal Co.")[36] Yea: 28-27 Motion agreed to. The Senate proceeded to consider S. J. Res. 41.
May 19, 1914 Motion to adjourn after the Sergeant at Arms was "directed to request the attendance of absent Senators" since a quorum was not present.[37] Nay: 17-18 The Senate did not adjourn at that time. A quorum was established when more senators arrived in the chamber.
August 17, 1914 Thomas amendment to H.R. 15657 (Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914)[38] Yea: 24-23 Amendment passed. H.R. 15657 passed and enacted.
February 12, 1915 Motion to consider the motion from Senator Reed to amend Senate rules to end debate[39] on S. 6856 ("to authorize the United States ... to purchase, construct, equip, maintain, and operate merchant vessels in the foreign trade of the United States"[40]) Yea: 48-47 The Senate considered the motion to limit debate. Cloture procedures were eventually established in 1917.
February 15, 1915 The vice president had ruled that Senator Reed was entitled to move to table a motion to amend Senate Rule XXII regarding limitation of debate and all the amendments to that motion. Senator Lodge appealed the ruling.[41] Yea: 46-45 The ruling of the vice president was sustained. The Senate proceeded to consider Senator Reed's motion.
Motion to table the motion to amend Senate Rule XXII regarding limitation of debate and all the amendments to that motion.[41] Yea: 46-45 Motion tabled.
February 2, 1916 Clarke amendment to S. 381 (Philippine Autonomy Act).[42] Yea: 42-41 Amendment passed. S. 381 passed and enacted.
February 14, 1919 Motion to table the motion from Senator Johnson to suspend consideration of H.R. 13462 ("making appropriations for the construction, repair, and preservation of certain public works on rivers and harbors") to consider S. Res. 411 (regarding withdrawing U.S. soldiers from Russia).[43] Yea: 34-33 Motion tabled. The Senate resumed consideration of H.R. 13462.
Calvin Coolidge No Votes
Charles G. Dawes May 21, 1928 Simmons amendment to H.R. 1 (Revenue Act of 1928[44]) "relating to graduated income taxes."[45] Nay: 33-34 Amendment defeated. H.R. 1 passed and enacted.
May 28, 1928 Concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 41) "to close the first session of the Seventieth Congress by adjourning" both houses on May 29.[46] Nay: 40-41 Resolution defeated. On May 29, the Senate voted on another resolution (S. Con. Res. 22) to adjourn later that day. The resolution passed, and the Senate adjourned at 5:30 pm,[47] ending the session of Congress.[48]
Charles Curtis March 12, 1930 Committee amendment to H.R. 2667 (Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act) to reduced proposed tariffs on plate glass.[49] Nay: 36-37 Amendment defeated.
March 13, 1930 Committee amendment to H.R. 2667 (Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act) to reduced proposed tariffs on spring clothespins.[50] Yea: 41-40 Amendment passed. H.R. 2667 passed and enacted.
May 19, 1930 On part of resolution S. 270, relieving the majority members of a conference committee of their promise in regard to the flexible provision of the tariff bill H.R. 2667.[51] Yea: 43-42 Majority members of the committee relieved of their promise.
John Nance Garner June 2, 1933 Trammell amendment, as amended by Sen. Connally, to H.R. 5389 (Independent Offices Appropriations) limiting potential reductions of war veterans' pensions and providing that "Spanish-American War veterans shall not be required to make proof of service-connected disability."[52] Yea: 43-42 Amendment passed.
April 17, 1934 Motion to proceed to the consideration of S. 2018 (relative to Members of Congress acting as attorneys in matters where the United States has an interest).[53] Yea: 32-31 Motion agreed to. The Senate proceeded to consider the bill.
February 6, 1940 Committee amendment to H.R. 7922 (Independent Offices Appropriations) to reduce the line item "general administration" for the Civil Aeronautics Authority budget from $1,659,191 to $1,543,932.[54] Yea: 35-34 Committee amendment passed.
Henry A. Wallace June 26, 1942 McCarran amendment to H.R. 7181 (appropriation bill for the Department of Labor and Federal Security Agency).[55] Yea: 33-32 Amendment passed.
Motion to table a motion to reconsider the vote by which the Senate agreed to the McCarran amendment to H.R. 7181.[56] Yea: 33-32 Motion to table agreed to.
July 16, 1942 Committee amendment to H. R. 7319 (making supplemental appropriations for the national defense for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1943).[57] Nay: 30-31 Committee amendment rejected.
July 17, 1942 Amendment to H.R. 6999 (Act authorizing the construction of a Florida Pipe Line and Barge Canal).[58] Nay: 30-31 Amendment defeated.
Harry S. Truman April 10, 1945 Taft amendment to H.R. 2013 (Lend-Lease Extension Act of 1945) to block the postwar delivery of Lend-Lease Act items contracted for during World War II.[59][60] Nay: 39–40 Amendment defeated.
Alben W. Barkley September 15, 1949 Motion to reconsider the vote by which the Senate agreed to the McCarthy amendment to H.R. 1211 (Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1949) to direct the president to establish import quotas on furs and fur products.[59] Yea: 42–41 Motion agreed to. The amendment was defeated in the re-vote.
September 15, 1949 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote by which the Senate agreed to the McCarthy amendment to H.R. 1211 (Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1949).[59] Nay: 41–42 Motion defeated. H.R. 1211 passed and enacted without amendments added. The reciprocal trade agreements program is extended to 1951.
October 4, 1949 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote by which the Senate rejected the Young-Russell amendment to H.R. 5345 (Agricultural Act of 1949) to make mandatory price support at 90% parity on cotton, wheat, corn, rice, peanuts.[59] Nay: 37–38 Motion defeated. The Young-Russell amendment is reconsidered for a new roll call vote.
October 4, 1949 Young-Russell amendment to H.R. 5345 (Agricultural Act of 1949) to make mandatory price support at 90% parity on cotton, wheat, corn, rice, peanuts. (This was a re-vote after the motion to reconsider the original defeat of the amendment was passed.)[59] Yea: 38–37 Amendment passed. This amendment was later changed in a compromise with the House version. H.R. 5345 was passed and enacted.
May 3, 1950 Motion to substitute the Senate Democratic Policy Committee amendment to S.Res. 202 (Nationwide Investigation into Organized Crime Act) to provide for an investigation into gambling and racketeering interstate crime by a special five-member committee called the "Special Committee to Investigate Crime in Interstate Commerce" who would be selected by the vice president. The group's composition would be three Democrats and two Republicans.[59] Yea: 36–35 Motion agreed to. The Senate Democratic Policy Committee plan replaced the original S.Res. 202 and S.Res. 202 was passed.
June 5, 1950 Conference bill of H.R. 5332 (Foreign-Trade Zones Amendment Act of 1950) to ease restrictions on assembling and processing of foreign goods in the "foreign-trade zones" which the original Act set up in major U.S. ports.[59] Yea: 31–30 H.R. 5332 passed and enacted.
June 26, 1950 Conference bill of H.R. 6567 (Commodity Credit Corporation Amendment Act of 1950) to increase the Commodity Credit Corporation's borrowing authority by $2 billion and other farm-related amendments.[59][61] Yea: 36–35 H.R. 6567 passed and enacted.
June 4, 1952 Ives amendment to S. 2954 (Defense Production Act Amendments of 1952) to maintain the same equal membership of the Wage Stabilization Board between labor, industry, and the public. The WSB would only be permitted to mediate only in wage disputes.[62][59] Yea: 42–41 Amendment passed. A later amendment during conference committee that was included in the final bill changed the composition of the WSB from equal representation between labor, industry, and the public to the board having more representation from the public.
Richard Nixon June 18, 1953 Motion to proceed to the consideration of the conference report of S. 1081 (Defense Production Act Amendments of 1953).[63][64][65] Yea: 40–39 Motion agreed to.
June 18, 1953 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote by which the Senate agreed to proceed with the consideration of the conference report of S. 1081 (Defense Production Act Amendments of 1953).[63][66][65] Yea: 42–41 Motion agreed to. The conference report of S. 1081 moves forward.
March 9, 1956 Aiken amendment to delete from H.R. 12 (Agricultural Act of 1956) 90% rigid mandatory price supports for millable varieties of wheat of 1956 crops.[59] Yea: 46–45 Amendment passed, but the final bill was unpalatable to everybody. Vetoed by President Eisenhower.
May 29, 1956 Knowland amendment to H.R. 10660 (Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956) to permit state agencies to determine prevailing wages for projects in the Interstate Highway System.[59] Yea: 40–39 Passed, but during conference committee the Knowland amendment wasn't included in the final bill.
March 12, 1958 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote on the Monroney amendment to delete the interest rate ceiling hike on American GI mortgages from 4.5% to 4.75% in S. 3418 (Emergency Housing Bill)[59] Yea: 48–47 Motion agreed to. GI mortgages now had an interest rate ceiling of 4.75%
April 22, 1959 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote on the McClellan amendment to S. 1555 (Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959) to add a bill of rights for union members to include guarantees of freedom of speech and periodic secret elections of officers.[67][59] Yea: 46–45 Motion agreed to. A bill of rights for union workers was included in the final bill that was passed and enacted.
February 3, 1960 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote on the Clark amendment to S. 8 (Emergency Federal Assistance for School Construction Act) to authorize $1.1 billion per year of federal funds for an indefinite period for school construction and teachers' salaries.[68] Yea: 45–44 Motion agreed to. A scaled-down version of the federal education funds passed later.
May 2, 1960 Gruening amendment to H.R. 11510 (Mutual Security Act of 1960) to prevent the president from using contingency funds to help replace cuts Congress may make later in other aid funds.[69][59] Nay: 44–45 Amendment defeated.
Lyndon B. Johnson No Votes
Hubert Humphrey August 17, 1965 Motion to reconsider the vote rejecting the Fannin amendment to keep governors' full veto rights over three anti-poverty programs (work-training, community action and adult education) intact in H.R. 8283 (Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1965).[59][70][71] Nay: 45–46 Motion defeated. The Senate version of a full repeal of veto rights was rejected eventually. The House version's limited repeal of veto rights was included in the final bill.
September 13, 1965 Bass amendment to H.R. 9811 (Food and Agriculture Act of 1965)[72] to strike from the bill a provision transferring from the Secretary of Labor to the Secretary of Agriculture authority to determine whether foreign farm workers are required by U.S. farmers.[73] Yea: 46–45 H.R. 9811 was passed and enacted.
May 9, 1967 Gore-Williams amendment to H.R. 6950 (Restoring the Investment Tax Credit and the Allowance of Accelerated Depreciation in the Case of Certain Real Property Act)[74] to make the 1966 Presidential Election Campaign Fund Act inoperative after September 15, 1967.[59] Nay: 48–49 Eventually H.R. 6950 was passed and enacted but with an amendment to make the 1966 Presidential Election Campaign Fund Act inoperative.
March 11, 1968 Clark amendment to H.R. 15399 (Urgent Supplemental Appropriations Act) to appropriate $25 million for the Office of Economic Opportunity's Head Start Program.[75] Yea: 43–42 H.R. 15399 died in Congress. The $25 million funding for Head Start was approved in a different bill.[59]
Spiro Agnew August 6, 1969 Smith amendment to prohibit funding for the Safeguard anti-ballistic missile program[76][77][78] Nay: 50–51 The Safeguard anti-ballistic missile program was authorized and came into fruition.
July 17, 1973 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the Gravel-Stevens amendment to S. 1081 (Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act) that states that the Interior Department has met all the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act for the Trans-Alaska Pipeline project.[59][79][78] Yea: 50–49 Motion agreed to. The Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act was ultimately passed and enacted in November 1973. The act authorized construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline.
Gerald Ford No Votes
Nelson Rockefeller No Votes
Walter Mondale November 4, 1977 Motion to table the Curtis amendment to H.R. 9346 (Social Security Tax Act of 1977) to continue the tradition of employers and employees paying equal shares of Social Security taxes.[59][80] Yea: 42–41 Motion agreed to.
George H. W. Bush July 13, 1983 Motion to table Pryor Amdt.1468 on nerve gas Yea: 50–49 Motion agreed to.
November 8, 1983 Stevens/Tower/Goldwater Amdt.2517 on nerve gas Yea: 47–46 Agreed to.
June 14, 1984 Motion to table Moynihan Amdt.3208 on MX missiles Yea: 49–48 Motion agreed to.
May 10, 1985 Dole Amdt.93 on cutting deficit Yea: 50–49 Agreed to.
July 23, 1986 Motion to reconsider vote on Manion nomination Nay: 49–50 Motion defeated so Manion remained confirmed.
August 7, 1986 Pryor Amdt.2612 on nerve gas Nay: 50–51 Amendment defeated.
September 22, 1987 Motion to table Johnston Amdt.710 on SDI funding Yea: 51–50 Motion agreed to.
Dan Quayle No Votes
Al
Gore
June 25, 1993 H.R. 2264 (Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993) Yea: 50–49 Conference Report (see below) enacted as Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 103–66.
August 6, 1993 H.R. 2264 (Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993) Conference Report Yea: 51–50 Enacted.
Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 103–66
August 3, 1994 Motion to table S.Amdt. 2446 (Johnston Ethanol Limitation Amendment) to H.R. 4624 (Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act of 1995) Yea: 51–50 S.Amdt. 2446 tabled.
May 20, 1999 S.Amdt. 362 (Lautenberg Gun Show Sales Amendment) to S. 254 (School Safety Act of 1999) Yea: 51–50 S. 254 returned to Senate by House via blue slip. Expired at end of session.
Dick Cheney April 3, 2001 S.Amdt. 173 (Grassley Prescription Drug Reserve Fund Amendment) to H.Con.Res. 83 (2002 budget) Yea: 51–50 Agreed to.
April 5, 2001 S.Amdt. 347 (Hutchison Marriage Penalty Tax Elimination Amendment) to H.Con.Res. 83 (2002 budget) Yea: 51–50 Agreed to.
May 21, 2002 Motion to table S.Amdt. 3406 (Allen Mortgage Loan Amendment) to H.R. 3009 (Trade Act of 2002) Yea: 50–49 Motion agreed to.
April 11, 2003 H.Con.Res. 95 (2004 budget) Yea: 51–50 Enacted.
May 15, 2003 S.Amdt. 664 (Nickles Dividend Exclusion Amendment) to S. 1054 (Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003) Yea: 51–50 S. 1054 incorporated into H.R. 2 (see below), which was enacted as Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 108–27 (text) (PDF).
May 23, 2003 H.R. 2 (Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003) Conference Report Yea: 51–50 Enacted.
Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 108–27 (text) (PDF)
December 21, 2005 Motion to concur in the House amendment to S. 1932 with an amendment (Personal Responsibility, Work, and Family Promotion Act of 2005) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
Bill enacted, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 109–171 (text) (PDF).
March 13, 2008 Motion to reconsider S.Amdt. 4189 to S.Con.Res. 70 Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
Joe
Biden
No Votes
Mike Pence February 7, 2017 PN37 (Nomination of Elisabeth Prince DeVos, of Michigan, to be Secretary of Education)[81][82] Yea:
51–50
Nomination confirmed.
March 30, 2017 Motion to proceed to H.J.Res. 43 Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
H.J.Res. 43 (Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the final rule submitted by Secretary of Health and Human Services relating to compliance with Title X requirements by project recipients in selecting subrecipients) Yea:
51–50
Enacted.
Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 115–23 (text) (PDF)
July 25, 2017 Motion to proceed to H.R. 1628 (American Health Care Act of 2017)[83] Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
October 24, 2017 H.J.Res. 111 (Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Arbitration Agreements")[84] Yea:
51–50
Enacted.
Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 115–74 (text) (PDF)
December 2, 2017 S.Amdt. 1852 (Cruz 529 Savings Plan Amendment) to H.R. 1 (Tax Cuts and Jobs Act) Yea:
51–50
Agreed to.
January 24, 2018 Motion to invoke cloture on PN1341 (Nomination of Sam Brownback, of Kansas, to be United States Ambassador-at-Large for International Religious Freedom) Yea:
50–49
Motion agreed to.
PN1341 (Nomination of Sam Brownback, of Kansas, to be United States Ambassador-at-Large for International Religious Freedom) Yea:
50–49
Nomination confirmed.
February 28, 2018 PN367 (Nomination of Russell Vought, of Virginia, to be Deputy Director of the Office of Management and Budget) Yea:
50–49
Nomination confirmed.
November 28, 2018 Motion to invoke cloture on PN1412 (Nomination of Thomas Farr, of North Carolina, to be United States District Judge for the Eastern District of North Carolina) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
November 29, 2018 Motion to invoke cloture on PN2117 (Nomination of Jonathan A. Kobes, of South Dakota, to be United States Circuit Judge for the Eighth Circuit) Yea:
50–49
Motion agreed to.
December 11, 2018 PN2117 (Nomination of Jonathan A. Kobes, of South Dakota, to be United States Circuit Judge for the Eighth Circuit) Yea:
51–50
Nomination confirmed.
December 21, 2018 Motion to proceed to the House Message to accompany H.R. 695 (Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2018; a legislative vehicle used to fund various government departments.) Yea:
48–47
Motion agreed to.
Kamala Harris February 5, 2021 S.Amdt. 888 (Schumer amendment, in the nature of a substitute) to S.Con.Res. 5 Yea:
51–50
Amendment agreed to.
S.Con.Res. 5 (as amended): a concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2021 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2022 through 2030 Yea:
51–50
Concurrent resolution adopted.
March 4, 2021 Motion to proceed to H.R. 1319, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.[85]
April 21, 2021 Motion to discharge PN79-6 (Nomination of Colin Hackett Kahl, of California, to be Under Secretary of Defense for Policy) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
June 22, 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN220 (Nomination of Kiran Arjandas Ahuja, of Massachusetts, to be Director of the Office of Personnel Management for a term of four years) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
PN220 (Nomination of Kiran Arjandas Ahuja, of Massachusetts, to be Director of the Office of Personnel Management for a term of four years) Yea:
51–50
Nomination confirmed.
July 20, 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN126 (Nomination of Jennifer Ann Abruzzo, of New York, to be General Counsel of the National Labor Relations Board for a term of four years) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
July 21, 2021 PN126 (Nomination of Jennifer Ann Abruzzo, of New York, to be General Counsel of the National Labor Relations Board for a term of four years) Yea:
51–50
Nomination confirmed.
September 30, 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN116 (Nomination of Rohit Chopra, of Washington, D.C., to be Director of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection for a term of five years) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
October 20, 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN572 (Nomination of Catherine Elizabeth Lhamon, of California, to be Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, Department of Education) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
PN572 (Nomination of Catherine Elizabeth Lhamon, of California, to be Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, Department of Education) Yea:
51–50
Nomination confirmed.
November 3, 2021 Motion to discharge PN807 (Nomination of Jennifer Sung, of Oregon, to be United States Circuit Judge for the Ninth Circuit) Yea:
50–49
Motion agreed to.
November 17, 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN604 (Nomination of Brian Eddie Nelson, of California, to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
December 8, 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN930 (Nomination of Rachael S. Rollins, of Massachusetts, to be United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
PN930 (Nomination of Rachael S. Rollins, of Massachusetts, to be United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts) Yea:
51–50
Nomination confirmed.
March 30, 2022 Motion to discharge PN1541 (Nomination of Alvaro M. Bedoya, of Maryland, to be Federal Trade Commissioner for the term of seven years from September 26, 2019) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
April 5, 2022 Motion to discharge PN1523 (Nomination of Julia Ruth Gordon, of Maryland, to be an Assistant Secretary of Housing and Urban Development) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
May 10, 2022 PN1679 (Nomination of Lisa DeNell Cook, of Michigan, to be a Member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for the unexpired term of fourteen years from February 1, 2010) Yea:
51–50
Nomination confirmed.
May 11, 2022 Motion to invoke cloture on PN1541 (Nomination of Alvaro M. Bedoya, of Maryland, to be Federal Trade Commissioner for the term of seven years from September 26, 2019) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
PN1541 (Nomination of Alvaro M. Bedoya, of Maryland, to be Federal Trade Commissioner for the term of seven years from September 26, 2019) Yea:
51–50
Nomination confirmed.
Motion to invoke cloture on PN1523 (Nomination of Julia Ruth Gordon, of Maryland, to be Assistant Secretary of Housing and Urban Development) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
PN1523 (Nomination of Julia Ruth Gordon, of Maryland, to be Assistant Secretary of Housing and Urban Development) Yea:
51–50
Nomination confirmed.
May 12, 2022 Motion to discharge PN1542 (Nomination of Mary T. Boyle, of Maryland, to be a Commissioner of the Consumer Product Safety Commission) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
August 6, 2022 Motion to proceed to H.R. 5376, the legislative vehicle for the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
August 7, 2022 S.Amdt. 5488 to H.R. 5376, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 Yea:
51–50
Amendment agreed to.
H.R. 5376, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 Yea:
51–50
H.R. 5376 passed, as amended.
February 28, 2023 PN76 (Nomination of Araceli Martínez-Olguín, of California, to be United States District Judge for the Northern District of California) Yea:
49–48
Nomination confirmed.
Motion to invoke cloture on PN77 (Nomination of Margaret R. Guzman, of Massachusetts, to be United States District Judge for the District of Massachusetts) Yea:
49–48
Motion agreed to.
March 1, 2023 PN77 (Nomination of Margaret R. Guzman, of Massachusetts, to be United States District Judge for the District of Massachusetts) Yea:
49–48
Nomination confirmed.
June 21, 2023 Motion to invoke cloture on PN82 (Nomination of Natasha C. Merle, of New York, to be United States District Judge for the Eastern District of New York) Yea:
51–50
Motion agreed to.
July 12, 2023 Motion to invoke cloture on PN64 (Nomination of Kalpana Kotagal, of Ohio, to be a Member of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission for a term expiring July 1, 2027) Yea: 51–50 Motion agreed to. Kotagal was confirmed the next day (July 13).
December 5, 2023 Motion to invoke cloture on PN588 (Nomination of Loren L. AliKhan, of the District of Columbia, to be United States District Judge for the District of Columbia) Yea: 51–50 Motion agreed to.
PN588 (Nomination of Loren L. AliKhan, of the District of Columbia, to be United States District Judge for the District of Columbia) Yea: 51–50 Nomination confirmed.

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External links edit

  • U.S. Senate: Tie Votes (Secretary of the U.S. Senate)

list, breaking, votes, cast, vice, president, united, states, under, article, section, clause, constitution, united, states, vice, president, united, states, officio, president, senate, only, cast, vote, senate, break, december, 2023, vice, presidents, have, c. Under Article I Section 3 Clause 4 of the Constitution of the United States the vice president of the United States is the ex officio president of the Senate but may only cast a vote in the Senate to break a tie As of December 5 2023 vice presidents have cast a total of 301 tie breaking votes in the Senate 1 There are also two tie breaking votes cast by Chief Justice Salmon P Chase during the 1868 impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson although it is still debated whether he had the authority to do so 2 Contents 1 Constitutional basis 2 History 3 List of vice presidents by number of tie breaking votes 4 List of tie breaking votes 5 References 6 External linksConstitutional basis editArticle I Section 3 Clause 4 of the Constitution of the United States states The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate but shall have no Vote unless they be equally divided 3 History edit source source source source source source source When there is a tie in the Senate as seen here for the confirmation of Betsy DeVos as Secretary of Education the vice president in this case Mike Pence has to step in to break the tie or the motion fails by default John Adams the first vice president of the United States cast 29 tie breaking votes during his tenure His first vote was on July 18 1789 4 He used his votes to preserve the president s sole authority over the removal of appointees 5 influence the location of the national capital 6 and prevent war with Great Britain 7 At times he even convinced senators to vote against legislation that he opposed and often provided guidance on procedural and policy matters Adams political views and active role in the Senate made him a target for critics of the Washington administration Toward the end of his first term threatened by a resolution that would have silenced him on all but procedural and policy matters he exercised more restraint hoping to be elected president of the United States in his own right 4 John C Calhoun was the only vice president to cast tie breaking votes against his own president Andrew Jackson In 1832 Calhoun cast a tie breaking vote to delay and later defeat the nomination of Martin Van Buren as United States Minister to the United Kingdom Calhoun s supporters in the Senate allowed him to defy Jackson where just enough of Calhoun s faction abstained to create a tie that he then broke 8 In the early 21st century the threat of a filibuster increased the use of cloture to end debate in the Senate especially on highly divisive issues 9 10 making it rare for the vice president to have the opportunity to cast a decisive vote as cloture requires a three fifths majority However rules changes in 2013 and 2017 10 reduced the requirement for cloture on nominations to a simple majority which led to the first use of a tie breaking vote to confirm a Cabinet member when Vice President Mike Pence confirmed Betsy DeVos as secretary of education in 2017 11 In 2018 Pence cast a tie breaking vote to confirm Jonathan A Kobes to the Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit the first such vote to confirm a judicial nominee in U S history 12 Following the 2020 Senate elections the Senate was divided 50 50 between Republicans and Democrats in the 117th Congress Votes by Vice President Kamala Harris played a critical role in passing Democratic legislation including the American Rescue Plan and the Inflation Reduction Act In addition Harris gave the Democratic Party majority control of the Senate 13 On July 20 2021 Harris broke Pence s record for the most tie breaking votes in the first year of a vice presidency casting seven tie breaking votes in her first six months 14 She cast a total of 15 tie breaking votes in her first year setting a new record for the most tie breaking votes in a single year in U S history surpassing the 12 votes cast by John Adams in 1790 15 On May 11 2022 Harris set a new record for tie breaking votes in a single day casting four votes 16 On July 13 2023 Harris matched Calhoun s record for the most tie breaking votes cast by a vice president in U S history at 31 votes 17 On December 5 2023 Harris broke Calhoun s record 18 The recent dramatic rise in the frequency of vice presidential votes is due in part to the Senate often being equally divided on procedural votes such as on invoking cloture in addition to final votes on divisive issues resulting in the vice president needing to vote multiple times on the same nominee or resolution 19 List of vice presidents by number of tie breaking votes edit nbsp Kamala Harris has cast the most tie breaking votes of any vice president 18 As of December 5 2023 update there have been 301 tie breaking votes cast by vice presidents 15 Rank Numbercast Name Party Order inoffice Term of office President s 1 33 Kamala Harris Democratic 49 January 20 2021 Incumbent Joe Biden2 31 John C Calhoun Democratic Republican 7 March 4 1825 December 28 1832 John Quincy Adams Andrew Jackson3 29 John Adams Federalist 1 April 21 1789 March 4 1797 George Washington4 19 George M Dallas Democratic 11 March 4 1845 March 4 1849 James K Polk5 18 Schuyler Colfax Republican 17 March 4 1869 March 4 1873 Ulysses S Grant6 tie 14 George Clinton Democratic Republican 4 March 4 1805 April 20 1812 Thomas Jefferson James Madison14 Richard Mentor Johnson Democratic 9 March 4 1837 March 4 1841 Martin Van Buren8 13 Mike Pence Republican 48 January 20 2017 January 20 2021 Donald Trump9 10 John C Breckinridge Democratic 14 March 4 1857 March 4 1861 James Buchanan10 tie 9 Elbridge Gerry Democratic Republican 5 March 4 1813 November 23 1814 James Madison9 Thomas R Marshall Democratic 28 March 4 1913 March 4 1921 Woodrow Wilson12 tie 8 Alben W Barkley Democratic 35 January 20 1949 January 20 1953 Harry S Truman8 Richard Nixon Republican 36 January 20 1953 January 20 1961 Dwight D Eisenhower8 Dick Cheney Republican 46 January 20 2001 January 20 2009 George W Bush15 tie 7 Hannibal Hamlin Republican 15 March 4 1861 March 4 1865 Abraham Lincoln7 George H W Bush Republican 43 January 20 1981 January 20 1989 Ronald Reagan17 tie 6 Daniel D Tompkins Democratic Republican 6 March 4 1817 March 4 1825 James Monroe6 William A Wheeler Republican 19 March 4 1877 March 4 1881 Rutherford B Hayes19 tie 4 Martin Van Buren Democratic 8 March 4 1833 March 4 1837 Andrew Jackson4 Levi P Morton Republican 22 March 4 1889 March 4 1893 Benjamin Harrison4 James S Sherman Republican 27 March 4 1909 October 30 1912 William Howard Taft4 Henry A Wallace Democratic 33 January 20 1941 January 20 1945 Franklin D Roosevelt4 Hubert Humphrey Democratic 38 January 20 1965 January 20 1969 Lyndon B Johnson4 Al Gore Democratic 45 January 20 1993 January 20 2001 Bill Clinton25 tie 3 Thomas Jefferson Democratic Republican 2 March 4 1797 March 4 1801 John Adams3 Aaron Burr Democratic Republican 3 March 4 1801 March 4 1805 Thomas Jefferson3 Millard Fillmore Whig 12 March 4 1849 July 9 1850 Zachary Taylor3 Chester A Arthur Republican 20 March 4 1881 September 19 1881 James A Garfield3 Charles Curtis Republican 31 March 4 1929 March 4 1933 Herbert Hoover3 John Nance Garner Democratic 32 March 4 1933 January 20 1941 Franklin D Roosevelt31 tie 2 Adlai Stevenson I Democratic 23 March 4 1893 March 4 1897 Grover Cleveland2 Charles G Dawes Republican 30 March 4 1925 March 4 1929 Calvin Coolidge2 Spiro Agnew Republican 39 January 20 1969 October 10 1973 Richard Nixon34 tie 1 Henry Wilson Republican 18 March 4 1873 November 22 1875 Ulysses S Grant1 Garret Hobart Republican 24 March 4 1897 November 21 1899 William McKinley1 Harry S Truman Democratic 34 January 20 1945 April 12 1945 Franklin D Roosevelt1 Walter Mondale Democratic 42 January 20 1977 January 20 1981 Jimmy Carter38 tie 0 John Tyler Whig 10 March 4 1841 April 4 1841 William Henry Harrison0 William R King Democratic 13 March 4 1853 April 18 1853 Franklin Pierce0 Andrew Johnson National Union 16 March 4 1865 April 15 1865 Abraham Lincoln0 Thomas A Hendricks Democratic 21 March 4 1885 November 25 1885 Grover Cleveland0 Theodore Roosevelt Republican 25 March 4 1901 September 14 1901 William McKinley0 Charles W Fairbanks Republican 26 March 4 1905 March 4 1909 Theodore Roosevelt0 Calvin Coolidge Republican 29 March 4 1921 August 2 1923 Warren G Harding0 Lyndon B Johnson Democratic 37 January 20 1961 November 22 1963 John F Kennedy0 Gerald Ford Republican 40 December 6 1973 August 9 1974 Richard Nixon0 Nelson Rockefeller Republican 41 December 19 1974 January 20 1977 Gerald Ford0 Dan Quayle Republican 44 January 20 1989 January 20 1993 George H W Bush0 Joe Biden Democratic 47 January 20 2009 January 20 2017 Barack ObamaList of tie breaking votes editThis section needs expansion with tie breaking votes cast prior to 1881 You can help by adding to it December 2023 Senate President Date Action Vote Ultimate resultChester A Arthur March 18 1881 The Republican minority in the Senate was attempting to secure their slate of standing committees Senator Anthony moved to indefinitly postpone the resolution of Sen Pendleton to appoint the Democratic slate standing committees of the Senate 8 20 Yea 38 37 Democratic resolution postponed Resolution to adopt the Republican organization of the standing committees 8 20 Yea 38 37 Republican resolution adopted March 24 1881 Motion to proceed to executive session 21 Nay 32 33 Motion defeated Thomas A Hendricks No VotesLevi P Morton January 14 1891 Motion to proceed to consideration of H R 11045 the Lodge Bill 22 23 Yea 34 33 The bill was laid before the Senate but it never became law January 16 1891 Motion to table Reagan amendment to H R 11045 24 Yea 31 30 Amendment tabled December 15 1892 Motion that after adjourning that day the Senate would meet on the following Monday 25 Yea 28 27 Motion agreed to February 9 1893 Motion that after adjourning that day the Senate would meet at noon the next day 26 Yea 31 30 Motion agreed to Adlai E Stevenson February 15 1894 Passage of H R 3606 to require railroad companies operating railroads in the Territories over a right of way granted by the Government to establish stations and depots at all town sites on the lines of said roads established by the Interior Department 27 Yea 28 27 Bill passed August 11 1894 Motion that the Senate proceed to executive session 28 Yea 36 35 Senate proceeded to executive session Garret Hobart February 14 1899 Bacon amendment to joint resolution S R 240 stating the intentions of the United States toward the Philippine Islands after the ratification of the treaty of peace with Spain expanding the resolution to disclaim any intention of exercising permanent sovereignty over the islands 29 Nay 29 30 Amendment defeated Joint resolution passed Theodore Roosevelt No VotesCharles W Fairbanks No VotesJames S Sherman February 2 1911 Gallinger amendment to S 6708 ocean mail subsidy bill 8 authorizing the Postmaster General to pay for certain ocean mail services 30 Yea 40 39 Amendment passed Passage of S 6708 30 Yea 40 39 Passed Adjournment for the day 31 Yea 38 37 Senate adjourned for the day June 12 1911 Bristow amendment to H J Res 39 the Seventeenth Amendment removing the race rider and retaining the power of the federal government to supervise senatorial elections 32 8 33 34 Yea 45 44 Amendment passed Thomas R Marshall December 19 1913 Brandegee amendment to a committee amendment to H R 7837 Federal Reserve Act 35 Nay 43 44 Amendment defeated H R 7837 passed and enacted March 19 1914 Motion to consider S J Res 41 authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to sell or lease certain public lands to the Republic Coal Co 36 Yea 28 27 Motion agreed to The Senate proceeded to consider S J Res 41 May 19 1914 Motion to adjourn after the Sergeant at Arms was directed to request the attendance of absent Senators since a quorum was not present 37 Nay 17 18 The Senate did not adjourn at that time A quorum was established when more senators arrived in the chamber August 17 1914 Thomas amendment to H R 15657 Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 38 Yea 24 23 Amendment passed H R 15657 passed and enacted February 12 1915 Motion to consider the motion from Senator Reed to amend Senate rules to end debate 39 on S 6856 to authorize the United States to purchase construct equip maintain and operate merchant vessels in the foreign trade of the United States 40 Yea 48 47 The Senate considered the motion to limit debate Cloture procedures were eventually established in 1917 February 15 1915 The vice president had ruled that Senator Reed was entitled to move to table a motion to amend Senate Rule XXII regarding limitation of debate and all the amendments to that motion Senator Lodge appealed the ruling 41 Yea 46 45 The ruling of the vice president was sustained The Senate proceeded to consider Senator Reed s motion Motion to table the motion to amend Senate Rule XXII regarding limitation of debate and all the amendments to that motion 41 Yea 46 45 Motion tabled February 2 1916 Clarke amendment to S 381 Philippine Autonomy Act 42 Yea 42 41 Amendment passed S 381 passed and enacted February 14 1919 Motion to table the motion from Senator Johnson to suspend consideration of H R 13462 making appropriations for the construction repair and preservation of certain public works on rivers and harbors to consider S Res 411 regarding withdrawing U S soldiers from Russia 43 Yea 34 33 Motion tabled The Senate resumed consideration of H R 13462 Calvin Coolidge No VotesCharles G Dawes May 21 1928 Simmons amendment to H R 1 Revenue Act of 1928 44 relating to graduated income taxes 45 Nay 33 34 Amendment defeated H R 1 passed and enacted May 28 1928 Concurrent resolution H Con Res 41 to close the first session of the Seventieth Congress by adjourning both houses on May 29 46 Nay 40 41 Resolution defeated On May 29 the Senate voted on another resolution S Con Res 22 to adjourn later that day The resolution passed and the Senate adjourned at 5 30 pm 47 ending the session of Congress 48 Charles Curtis March 12 1930 Committee amendment to H R 2667 Smoot Hawley Tariff Act to reduced proposed tariffs on plate glass 49 Nay 36 37 Amendment defeated March 13 1930 Committee amendment to H R 2667 Smoot Hawley Tariff Act to reduced proposed tariffs on spring clothespins 50 Yea 41 40 Amendment passed H R 2667 passed and enacted May 19 1930 On part of resolution S 270 relieving the majority members of a conference committee of their promise in regard to the flexible provision of the tariff bill H R 2667 51 Yea 43 42 Majority members of the committee relieved of their promise John Nance Garner June 2 1933 Trammell amendment as amended by Sen Connally to H R 5389 Independent Offices Appropriations limiting potential reductions of war veterans pensions and providing that Spanish American War veterans shall not be required to make proof of service connected disability 52 Yea 43 42 Amendment passed April 17 1934 Motion to proceed to the consideration of S 2018 relative to Members of Congress acting as attorneys in matters where the United States has an interest 53 Yea 32 31 Motion agreed to The Senate proceeded to consider the bill February 6 1940 Committee amendment to H R 7922 Independent Offices Appropriations to reduce the line item general administration for the Civil Aeronautics Authority budget from 1 659 191 to 1 543 932 54 Yea 35 34 Committee amendment passed Henry A Wallace June 26 1942 McCarran amendment to H R 7181 appropriation bill for the Department of Labor and Federal Security Agency 55 Yea 33 32 Amendment passed Motion to table a motion to reconsider the vote by which the Senate agreed to the McCarran amendment to H R 7181 56 Yea 33 32 Motion to table agreed to July 16 1942 Committee amendment to H R 7319 making supplemental appropriations for the national defense for the fiscal year ending June 30 1943 57 Nay 30 31 Committee amendment rejected July 17 1942 Amendment to H R 6999 Act authorizing the construction of a Florida Pipe Line and Barge Canal 58 Nay 30 31 Amendment defeated Harry S Truman April 10 1945 Taft amendment to H R 2013 Lend Lease Extension Act of 1945 to block the postwar delivery of Lend Lease Act items contracted for during World War II 59 60 Nay 39 40 Amendment defeated Alben W Barkley September 15 1949 Motion to reconsider the vote by which the Senate agreed to the McCarthy amendment to H R 1211 Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1949 to direct the president to establish import quotas on furs and fur products 59 Yea 42 41 Motion agreed to The amendment was defeated in the re vote September 15 1949 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote by which the Senate agreed to the McCarthy amendment to H R 1211 Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1949 59 Nay 41 42 Motion defeated H R 1211 passed and enacted without amendments added The reciprocal trade agreements program is extended to 1951 October 4 1949 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote by which the Senate rejected the Young Russell amendment to H R 5345 Agricultural Act of 1949 to make mandatory price support at 90 parity on cotton wheat corn rice peanuts 59 Nay 37 38 Motion defeated The Young Russell amendment is reconsidered for a new roll call vote October 4 1949 Young Russell amendment to H R 5345 Agricultural Act of 1949 to make mandatory price support at 90 parity on cotton wheat corn rice peanuts This was a re vote after the motion to reconsider the original defeat of the amendment was passed 59 Yea 38 37 Amendment passed This amendment was later changed in a compromise with the House version H R 5345 was passed and enacted May 3 1950 Motion to substitute the Senate Democratic Policy Committee amendment to S Res 202 Nationwide Investigation into Organized Crime Act to provide for an investigation into gambling and racketeering interstate crime by a special five member committee called the Special Committee to Investigate Crime in Interstate Commerce who would be selected by the vice president The group s composition would be three Democrats and two Republicans 59 Yea 36 35 Motion agreed to The Senate Democratic Policy Committee plan replaced the original S Res 202 and S Res 202 was passed June 5 1950 Conference bill of H R 5332 Foreign Trade Zones Amendment Act of 1950 to ease restrictions on assembling and processing of foreign goods in the foreign trade zones which the original Act set up in major U S ports 59 Yea 31 30 H R 5332 passed and enacted June 26 1950 Conference bill of H R 6567 Commodity Credit Corporation Amendment Act of 1950 to increase the Commodity Credit Corporation s borrowing authority by 2 billion and other farm related amendments 59 61 Yea 36 35 H R 6567 passed and enacted June 4 1952 Ives amendment to S 2954 Defense Production Act Amendments of 1952 to maintain the same equal membership of the Wage Stabilization Board between labor industry and the public The WSB would only be permitted to mediate only in wage disputes 62 59 Yea 42 41 Amendment passed A later amendment during conference committee that was included in the final bill changed the composition of the WSB from equal representation between labor industry and the public to the board having more representation from the public Richard Nixon June 18 1953 Motion to proceed to the consideration of the conference report of S 1081 Defense Production Act Amendments of 1953 63 64 65 Yea 40 39 Motion agreed to June 18 1953 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote by which the Senate agreed to proceed with the consideration of the conference report of S 1081 Defense Production Act Amendments of 1953 63 66 65 Yea 42 41 Motion agreed to The conference report of S 1081 moves forward March 9 1956 Aiken amendment to delete from H R 12 Agricultural Act of 1956 90 rigid mandatory price supports for millable varieties of wheat of 1956 crops 59 Yea 46 45 Amendment passed but the final bill was unpalatable to everybody Vetoed by President Eisenhower May 29 1956 Knowland amendment to H R 10660 Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 to permit state agencies to determine prevailing wages for projects in the Interstate Highway System 59 Yea 40 39 Passed but during conference committee the Knowland amendment wasn t included in the final bill March 12 1958 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote on the Monroney amendment to delete the interest rate ceiling hike on American GI mortgages from 4 5 to 4 75 in S 3418 Emergency Housing Bill 59 Yea 48 47 Motion agreed to GI mortgages now had an interest rate ceiling of 4 75 April 22 1959 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote on the McClellan amendment to S 1555 Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959 to add a bill of rights for union members to include guarantees of freedom of speech and periodic secret elections of officers 67 59 Yea 46 45 Motion agreed to A bill of rights for union workers was included in the final bill that was passed and enacted February 3 1960 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the vote on the Clark amendment to S 8 Emergency Federal Assistance for School Construction Act to authorize 1 1 billion per year of federal funds for an indefinite period for school construction and teachers salaries 68 Yea 45 44 Motion agreed to A scaled down version of the federal education funds passed later May 2 1960 Gruening amendment to H R 11510 Mutual Security Act of 1960 to prevent the president from using contingency funds to help replace cuts Congress may make later in other aid funds 69 59 Nay 44 45 Amendment defeated Lyndon B Johnson No VotesHubert Humphrey August 17 1965 Motion to reconsider the vote rejecting the Fannin amendment to keep governors full veto rights over three anti poverty programs work training community action and adult education intact in H R 8283 Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1965 59 70 71 Nay 45 46 Motion defeated The Senate version of a full repeal of veto rights was rejected eventually The House version s limited repeal of veto rights was included in the final bill September 13 1965 Bass amendment to H R 9811 Food and Agriculture Act of 1965 72 to strike from the bill a provision transferring from the Secretary of Labor to the Secretary of Agriculture authority to determine whether foreign farm workers are required by U S farmers 73 Yea 46 45 H R 9811 was passed and enacted May 9 1967 Gore Williams amendment to H R 6950 Restoring the Investment Tax Credit and the Allowance of Accelerated Depreciation in the Case of Certain Real Property Act 74 to make the 1966 Presidential Election Campaign Fund Act inoperative after September 15 1967 59 Nay 48 49 Eventually H R 6950 was passed and enacted but with an amendment to make the 1966 Presidential Election Campaign Fund Act inoperative March 11 1968 Clark amendment to H R 15399 Urgent Supplemental Appropriations Act to appropriate 25 million for the Office of Economic Opportunity s Head Start Program 75 Yea 43 42 H R 15399 died in Congress The 25 million funding for Head Start was approved in a different bill 59 Spiro Agnew August 6 1969 Smith amendment to prohibit funding for the Safeguard anti ballistic missile program 76 77 78 Nay 50 51 The Safeguard anti ballistic missile program was authorized and came into fruition July 17 1973 Motion to table the motion to reconsider the Gravel Stevens amendment to S 1081 Trans Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act that states that the Interior Department has met all the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act for the Trans Alaska Pipeline project 59 79 78 Yea 50 49 Motion agreed to The Trans Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act was ultimately passed and enacted in November 1973 The act authorized construction of the Trans Alaska Pipeline Gerald Ford No VotesNelson Rockefeller No VotesWalter Mondale November 4 1977 Motion to table the Curtis amendment to H R 9346 Social Security Tax Act of 1977 to continue the tradition of employers and employees paying equal shares of Social Security taxes 59 80 Yea 42 41 Motion agreed to George H W Bush July 13 1983 Motion to table Pryor Amdt 1468 on nerve gas Yea 50 49 Motion agreed to November 8 1983 Stevens Tower Goldwater Amdt 2517 on nerve gas Yea 47 46 Agreed to June 14 1984 Motion to table Moynihan Amdt 3208 on MX missiles Yea 49 48 Motion agreed to May 10 1985 Dole Amdt 93 on cutting deficit Yea 50 49 Agreed to July 23 1986 Motion to reconsider vote on Manion nomination Nay 49 50 Motion defeated so Manion remained confirmed August 7 1986 Pryor Amdt 2612 on nerve gas Nay 50 51 Amendment defeated September 22 1987 Motion to table Johnston Amdt 710 on SDI funding Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to Dan Quayle No VotesAlGore June 25 1993 H R 2264 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 Yea 50 49 Conference Report see below enacted as Pub L Tooltip Public Law United States 103 66 August 6 1993 H R 2264 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 Conference Report Yea 51 50 Enacted Pub L Tooltip Public Law United States 103 66August 3 1994 Motion to table S Amdt 2446 Johnston Ethanol Limitation Amendment to H R 4624 Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act of 1995 Yea 51 50 S Amdt 2446 tabled May 20 1999 S Amdt 362 Lautenberg Gun Show Sales Amendment to S 254 School Safety Act of 1999 Yea 51 50 S 254 returned to Senate by House via blue slip Expired at end of session Dick Cheney April 3 2001 S Amdt 173 Grassley Prescription Drug Reserve Fund Amendment to H Con Res 83 2002 budget Yea 51 50 Agreed to April 5 2001 S Amdt 347 Hutchison Marriage Penalty Tax Elimination Amendment to H Con Res 83 2002 budget Yea 51 50 Agreed to May 21 2002 Motion to table S Amdt 3406 Allen Mortgage Loan Amendment to H R 3009 Trade Act of 2002 Yea 50 49 Motion agreed to April 11 2003 H Con Res 95 2004 budget Yea 51 50 Enacted May 15 2003 S Amdt 664 Nickles Dividend Exclusion Amendment to S 1054 Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 Yea 51 50 S 1054 incorporated into H R 2 see below which was enacted as Pub L Tooltip Public Law United States 108 27 text PDF May 23 2003 H R 2 Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 Conference Report Yea 51 50 Enacted Pub L Tooltip Public Law United States 108 27 text PDF December 21 2005 Motion to concur in the House amendment to S 1932 with an amendment Personal Responsibility Work and Family Promotion Act of 2005 Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to Bill enacted Pub L Tooltip Public Law United States 109 171 text PDF March 13 2008 Motion to reconsider S Amdt 4189 to S Con Res 70 Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to JoeBiden No VotesMike Pence February 7 2017 PN37 Nomination of Elisabeth Prince DeVos of Michigan to be Secretary of Education 81 82 Yea 51 50 Nomination confirmed March 30 2017 Motion to proceed to H J Res 43 Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to H J Res 43 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5 United States Code of the final rule submitted by Secretary of Health and Human Services relating to compliance with Title X requirements by project recipients in selecting subrecipients Yea 51 50 Enacted Pub L Tooltip Public Law United States 115 23 text PDF July 25 2017 Motion to proceed to H R 1628 American Health Care Act of 2017 83 Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to October 24 2017 H J Res 111 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5 United States Code of the rule submitted by Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to Arbitration Agreements 84 Yea 51 50 Enacted Pub L Tooltip Public Law United States 115 74 text PDF December 2 2017 S Amdt 1852 Cruz 529 Savings Plan Amendment to H R 1 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Yea 51 50 Agreed to January 24 2018 Motion to invoke cloture on PN1341 Nomination of Sam Brownback of Kansas to be United States Ambassador at Large for International Religious Freedom Yea 50 49 Motion agreed to PN1341 Nomination of Sam Brownback of Kansas to be United States Ambassador at Large for International Religious Freedom Yea 50 49 Nomination confirmed February 28 2018 PN367 Nomination of Russell Vought of Virginia to be Deputy Director of the Office of Management and Budget Yea 50 49 Nomination confirmed November 28 2018 Motion to invoke cloture on PN1412 Nomination of Thomas Farr of North Carolina to be United States District Judge for the Eastern District of North Carolina Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to November 29 2018 Motion to invoke cloture on PN2117 Nomination of Jonathan A Kobes of South Dakota to be United States Circuit Judge for the Eighth Circuit Yea 50 49 Motion agreed to December 11 2018 PN2117 Nomination of Jonathan A Kobes of South Dakota to be United States Circuit Judge for the Eighth Circuit Yea 51 50 Nomination confirmed December 21 2018 Motion to proceed to the House Message to accompany H R 695 Department of Defense Appropriations Act 2018 a legislative vehicle used to fund various government departments Yea 48 47 Motion agreed to Kamala Harris February 5 2021 S Amdt 888 Schumer amendment in the nature of a substitute to S Con Res 5 Yea 51 50 Amendment agreed to S Con Res 5 as amended a concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2021 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2022 through 2030 Yea 51 50 Concurrent resolution adopted March 4 2021 Motion to proceed to H R 1319 the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to 85 April 21 2021 Motion to discharge PN79 6 Nomination of Colin Hackett Kahl of California to be Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to June 22 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN220 Nomination of Kiran Arjandas Ahuja of Massachusetts to be Director of the Office of Personnel Management for a term of four years Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to PN220 Nomination of Kiran Arjandas Ahuja of Massachusetts to be Director of the Office of Personnel Management for a term of four years Yea 51 50 Nomination confirmed July 20 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN126 Nomination of Jennifer Ann Abruzzo of New York to be General Counsel of the National Labor Relations Board for a term of four years Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to July 21 2021 PN126 Nomination of Jennifer Ann Abruzzo of New York to be General Counsel of the National Labor Relations Board for a term of four years Yea 51 50 Nomination confirmed September 30 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN116 Nomination of Rohit Chopra of Washington D C to be Director of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection for a term of five years Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to October 20 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN572 Nomination of Catherine Elizabeth Lhamon of California to be Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights Department of Education Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to PN572 Nomination of Catherine Elizabeth Lhamon of California to be Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights Department of Education Yea 51 50 Nomination confirmed November 3 2021 Motion to discharge PN807 Nomination of Jennifer Sung of Oregon to be United States Circuit Judge for the Ninth Circuit Yea 50 49 Motion agreed to November 17 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN604 Nomination of Brian Eddie Nelson of California to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to December 8 2021 Motion to invoke cloture on PN930 Nomination of Rachael S Rollins of Massachusetts to be United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to PN930 Nomination of Rachael S Rollins of Massachusetts to be United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts Yea 51 50 Nomination confirmed March 30 2022 Motion to discharge PN1541 Nomination of Alvaro M Bedoya of Maryland to be Federal Trade Commissioner for the term of seven years from September 26 2019 Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to April 5 2022 Motion to discharge PN1523 Nomination of Julia Ruth Gordon of Maryland to be an Assistant Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to May 10 2022 PN1679 Nomination of Lisa DeNell Cook of Michigan to be a Member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for the unexpired term of fourteen years from February 1 2010 Yea 51 50 Nomination confirmed May 11 2022 Motion to invoke cloture on PN1541 Nomination of Alvaro M Bedoya of Maryland to be Federal Trade Commissioner for the term of seven years from September 26 2019 Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to PN1541 Nomination of Alvaro M Bedoya of Maryland to be Federal Trade Commissioner for the term of seven years from September 26 2019 Yea 51 50 Nomination confirmed Motion to invoke cloture on PN1523 Nomination of Julia Ruth Gordon of Maryland to be Assistant Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to PN1523 Nomination of Julia Ruth Gordon of Maryland to be Assistant Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Yea 51 50 Nomination confirmed May 12 2022 Motion to discharge PN1542 Nomination of Mary T Boyle of Maryland to be a Commissioner of the Consumer Product Safety Commission Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to August 6 2022 Motion to proceed to H R 5376 the legislative vehicle for the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to August 7 2022 S Amdt 5488 to H R 5376 the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 Yea 51 50 Amendment agreed to H R 5376 the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 Yea 51 50 H R 5376 passed as amended February 28 2023 PN76 Nomination of Araceli Martinez Olguin of California to be United States District Judge for the Northern District of California Yea 49 48 Nomination confirmed Motion to invoke cloture on PN77 Nomination of Margaret R Guzman of Massachusetts to be United States District Judge for the District of Massachusetts Yea 49 48 Motion agreed to March 1 2023 PN77 Nomination of Margaret R Guzman of Massachusetts to be United States District Judge for the District of Massachusetts Yea 49 48 Nomination confirmed June 21 2023 Motion to invoke cloture on PN82 Nomination of Natasha C Merle of New York to be United States District Judge for the Eastern District of New York Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to July 12 2023 Motion to invoke cloture on PN64 Nomination of Kalpana Kotagal of Ohio to be a Member of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission for a term expiring July 1 2027 Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to Kotagal was confirmed the next day July 13 December 5 2023 Motion to invoke cloture on PN588 Nomination of Loren L AliKhan of the District of Columbia to be United States District Judge for the District of Columbia Yea 51 50 Motion agreed to PN588 Nomination of Loren L AliKhan of the District of Columbia to be United States District Judge for the District of Columbia Yea 51 50 Nomination confirmed References edit U S Senate Votes to Break Ties in the Senate www senate gov Retrieved April 15 2023 The Senate has actually tied in an impeachment trial twice theconversation com January 31 2020 Retrieved October 30 2023 The United States Constitution U S Congress 1787 Article I Section 3 Clause 4 The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate but shall have no Vote unless they be equally divided a b Senate gov John Adams 1st Vice President 1789 1797 Archived from the original on October 1 2013 Founders Online Notes of Debates in the United States Senate July 15 1789 founders archives gov Retrieved April 15 2023 John Adams Our First Vice President Americana Corner Retrieved April 15 2023 Founders Online Neutrality 2 June 1794 founders archives gov Retrieved April 15 2023 a b c d e Learned Henry Barrett 1915 Casting Votes of the Vice Presidents 1789 1915 The American Historical Review 20 3 571 576 doi 10 2307 1835860 JSTOR 1835860 via JSTOR The Impact of the Filibuster on Federal Policymaking Center for American Progress December 5 2019 Retrieved April 15 2023 a b The Filibuster Explained www brennancenter org October 30 2020 Retrieved April 15 2023 Betsy DeVos confirmed as education secretary as Pence casts tie breaking vote NBC News February 8 2017 Retrieved April 15 2023 Federal judge becomes first in U S history confirmed by tiebreaker in the Senate www cbsnews com December 11 2018 Pramuk Jacob January 20 2021 Democrats take Senate majority sealing control of the White House and Congress CNBC Cohn Alicia December 31 2017 Pence became ultimate tie breaker in 2017 The Hill Retrieved October 25 2021 a b Votes to Break Ties in the Senate senate gov Retrieved October 25 2021 Senate gov VPTies pdf PDF Archived PDF from the original on May 2 2017 Retrieved February 5 2018 Vice President Kamala Harris matches record set by John C Calhoun for breaking most tie votes in Senate CBS News www cbsnews com July 13 2023 Retrieved July 18 2023 a b Vice President Harris breaks record for casting the most tiebreaking votes NBC News December 5 2023 Retrieved December 6 2023 Cohen Zach C Giroux Greg Rozen Courtney May 17 2023 Harris Nears Record for Tie Breaking Votes as Vice President Bloomberg Government Retrieved July 14 2023 a b Friday March 18 1881 Congressional Record Senate Government Printing Office 12 32 34 1881 Thursday March 24 1881 Congressional Record Senate Government Printing Office 12 43 1881 Senate Wednesday January 14 1891 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 22 1323 1324 1891 Election Policy Case Study H R 11045 Federal Elections Bill Fulbright s U S History Retrieved February 10 2024 Senate Friday January 16 1891 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 22 1398 1461 1891 Senate Thursday December 15 1892 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 24 1323 1324 1892 Senate Thursday February 9 1983 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 24 1357 1893 Senate Thursday February 15 1894 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 26 2212 2221 1894 Senate Saturday August 11 1894 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 26 8418 1894 Senate Tuesday February 14 1899 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 32 1845 1848 1899 a b Senate Thursday February 2 1911 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 46 1813 1825 1911 Senate Thursday February 2 1911 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 46 1825 1826 1911 Senate Monday June 12 1911 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 47 1879 1923 1911 Zachary Clopton amp Steven E Art The Meaning of the Seventeenth Amendment and a Century of State Defiance Archived April 4 2017 at the Wayback Machine 107 Northwestern University Law Review 1181 2013 pp 1191 1192 17th Amendment Direct Election of U S Senators August 15 2016 Archived from the original on April 4 2017 Retrieved February 7 2024 Senate Friday December 19 1913 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 51 1189 1216 1912 Senate Thursday March 19 1913 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 51 5085 1913 Senate Tuesday May 19 1914 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 51 8828 8829 1914 Senate Monday August 17 1914 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 51 13844 13859 1914 Senate Friday February 12 1915 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 52 3627 3629 1915 Senate Thursday January 7 1915 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 52 1095 1915 a b Senate Monday February 15 1915 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 52 3779 3781 1915 Senate Wednesday February 2 1916 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 53 1987 1998 1916 Senate Friday February 14 1919 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 57 3330 3342 1919 United States Congress Senate Committee on Finance 1928 Revenue act of 1928 hearings before the Committee on Finance United States Senate seventieth Congress first session on H R 1 an act to reduce and equalize taxation provide revenue and for other purposes April 9 13 1928 Washington United States Government Printing Office Senate Monday May 21 1928 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 69 9322 9339 1928 Senate Monday May 28 1928 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 69 10200 1928 Senate Tuesday May 29 1928 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 69 10511 10678 1928 Dates of Sessions of the Congress United States Senate Senate Wednesday March 12 1930 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 72 5054 5064 1930 Senate Thursday March 13 1930 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 72 5149 5155 1930 Senate Monday May 19 1930 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 72 9116 9138 1930 Senate Friday June 2 1933 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 77 4803 4833 1933 Senate Tuesday April 17 1934 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 78 6716 6717 1934 Retrieved January 31 2024 Senate Tuesday February 6 1940 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 86 1045 1069 1940 Retrieved January 31 2024 Senate Friday June 26 1942 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 88 5596 5612 1942 Retrieved January 31 2024 Senate Friday June 26 1942 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 88 5612 5613 1942 Retrieved January 31 2024 Senate Thursday July 16 1942 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 88 6227 1942 Retrieved January 31 2024 Senate Friday July 17 1942 Congressional Record Government Printing Office 88 6284 6309 1942 Retrieved January 31 2024 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s CQ Almanac Online Edition library cqpress com Senate 1789 1989 V 1 Addresses on the History of the United States Senate Government Printing Office 1988 p 534 via Internet Archive Wilmington News Journal from Wilmington Ohio on June 27 1950 Page 1 Newspapers com June 27 1950 1 dead link a b Long Beach Independent from Long Beach California on June 19 1953 Page 24 Newspapers com June 19 1953 Image from Congressional Record a b Text of S 1081 83rd An Act to provide authority for temporary economic controls and for other purposes Passed Congress version GovTrack us GovTrack us Image from Congressional Record Shamokin News Dispatch from Shamokin Pennsylvania on April 23 1959 Page 1 Newspapers com April 23 1959 CQ Fact Sheet on Conservative Coalition PDF The News Journal from Wilmington Delaware on May 3 1960 Page 2 Newspapers com Text of H R 8283 89th An Act to expand the war on poverty and enhance the effectiveness of Passed Congress version GovTrack us GovTrack us Charleston Gazette Newspaper Archives Aug 18 1965 August 18 1965 Text of H R 9811 89th An Act to maintain farm income to stabilize prices and assure adequate supplies Passed Congress version GovTrack us GovTrack us CQ Almanac 1965 Senate Key Vote Tables PDF Text of H R 6950 90th An Act to restore the investment credit and the allowance of accelerated depreciation Passed Congress version GovTrack us GovTrack us CQ Almanac 1968 Interest Group Ratings PDF Foreign Relations of the United States 1969 1976 Volume XXXIV National Security Policy 1969 1972 Office of the Historian history state gov Kieninger Stephan March 23 2016 Dynamic Detente The United States and Europe 1964 1975 Rowman amp Littlefield ISBN 9781498532426 via Google Books a b Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on November 18 2021 Retrieved July 1 2022 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link Alaska gets pipeline just barely July 28 2013 Petroleum News www petroleumnews com The Cincinnati Enquirer from Cincinnati Ohio on November 5 1977 Page 12 Newspapers com November 5 1977 On the Nomination PN37 Elisabeth Prince DeVos of Michigan to Senate Vote 54 Feb 7 2017 Archived from the original on February 8 2017 U S Senate U S Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress 1st Session Archived from the original on February 8 2017 U S Senate U S Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress 1st Session U S Senate July 25 2017 U S Senate U S Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress 1st Session U S Senate October 24 2017 Kamala Harris casts tie breaking vote to launch debate over 1 9 trillion COVID 19 bill Fox News March 4 2021 Retrieved March 4 2021 External links editU S Senate Tie Votes Secretary of the U S Senate Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of tie breaking votes cast by the vice president of the United States amp oldid 1206333413, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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