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List of presidents of the United States

The president of the United States is the head of state and head of government of the United States,[1] indirectly elected to a four-year term via the Electoral College.[2] The officeholder leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces.[3] Since the office was established in 1789, 45 men have served in 46 presidencies. The first president, George Washington, won a unanimous vote of the Electoral College;[4] one, Grover Cleveland, served two non-consecutive terms and is therefore counted as the 22nd and 24th president of the United States, giving rise to the discrepancy between the number of presidencies and the number of persons who have served as president.[5] The incumbent president is Joe Biden.[6]

White House, official residence of the president of the United States, May 2006

The presidency of William Henry Harrison, who died 31 days after taking office in 1841, was the shortest in American history.[7] Franklin D. Roosevelt served the longest, over twelve years, before dying early in his fourth term in 1945. He is the only U.S. president to have served more than two terms.[8] Since the ratification of the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1951, no person may be elected president more than twice, and no one who has served more than two years of a term to which someone else was elected may be elected more than once.[9]

Four presidents died in office of natural causes (William Henry Harrison, Zachary Taylor, Warren G. Harding, and Franklin D. Roosevelt), four were assassinated (Abraham Lincoln, James A. Garfield, William McKinley and John F. Kennedy), and one resigned (Richard Nixon, facing impeachment and removal from office).[10] John Tyler was the first vice president to assume the presidency during a presidential term, and set the precedent that a vice president who does so becomes the fully functioning president with his presidency.[11]

Throughout most of its history, American politics has been dominated by political parties. The Constitution is silent on the issue of political parties, and at the time it came into force in 1789, no organized parties existed. Soon after the 1st Congress convened, political factions began rallying around dominant Washington administration officials, such as Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson.[12] Concerned about the capacity of political parties to destroy the fragile unity holding the nation together, Washington remained unaffiliated with any political faction or party throughout his eight-year presidency. He was, and remains, the only U.S. president never affiliated with a political party.[13]

Presidents

List of presidents of the United States from 1789 – till date.
No.[a] Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term[14] Party[b][15] Election Vice President[16]
1   George Washington
(1732–1799)
[17]
April 30, 1789

March 4, 1797
Unaffiliated 1788–1789

1792

John Adams[c]
2   John Adams
(1735–1826)
[19]
March 4, 1797

March 4, 1801
Federalist 1796 Thomas Jefferson[d]
3   Thomas Jefferson
(1743–1826)
[21]
March 4, 1801

March 4, 1809
Democratic-
Republican
1800

1804

Aaron Burr

George Clinton

4   James Madison
(1751–1836)
[22]
March 4, 1809

March 4, 1817
Democratic-
Republican
1808

1812

George Clinton[e]

Vacant after
April 20, 1812


Elbridge Gerry[e]


Vacant after
November 23, 1814

5   James Monroe
(1758–1831)
[24]
March 4, 1817

March 4, 1825
Democratic-
Republican
1816

1820

Daniel D. Tompkins
6   John Quincy Adams
(1767–1848)
[25]
March 4, 1825

March 4, 1829
Democratic-
Republican
[f]

National Republican

1824 John C. Calhoun[g]
7   Andrew Jackson
(1767–1845)
[28]
March 4, 1829

March 4, 1837
Democratic 1828

1832

John C. Calhoun[h]

Vacant after
December 28, 1832


Martin Van Buren

8   Martin Van Buren
(1782–1862)
[29]
March 4, 1837

March 4, 1841
Democratic 1836 Richard Mentor Johnson
9   William Henry Harrison
(1773–1841)
[30]
March 4, 1841

April 4, 1841[e]
Whig 1840 John Tyler
10   John Tyler
(1790–1862)
[31]
April 4, 1841[i]

March 4, 1845
Whig[j]

Unaffiliated

Vacant throughout
presidency
11   James K. Polk
(1795–1849)
[34]
March 4, 1845

March 4, 1849
Democratic 1844 George M. Dallas
12   Zachary Taylor
(1784–1850)
[35]
March 4, 1849

July 9, 1850[e]
Whig 1848 Millard Fillmore
13   Millard Fillmore
(1800–1874)
[36]
July 9, 1850[k]

March 4, 1853
Whig Vacant throughout
presidency
14   Franklin Pierce
(1804–1869)
[38]
March 4, 1853

March 4, 1857
Democratic 1852 William R. King[e]

Vacant after
April 18, 1853

15   James Buchanan
(1791–1868)
[39]
March 4, 1857

March 4, 1861
Democratic 1856 John C. Breckinridge
16   Abraham Lincoln
(1809–1865)
[40]
March 4, 1861

April 15, 1865[e]
Republican

National Union[l]

1860

1864

Hannibal Hamlin

Andrew Johnson

17   Andrew Johnson
(1808–1875)
[42]
April 15, 1865[m]

March 4, 1869
National Union[n]

Democratic

Vacant throughout
presidency
18   Ulysses S. Grant
(1822–1885)
[43]
March 4, 1869

March 4, 1877
Republican 1868

1872

Schuyler Colfax

Henry Wilson[e]


Vacant after
November 22, 1875

19   Rutherford B. Hayes
(1822–1893)
[44]
March 4, 1877

March 4, 1881
Republican 1876 William A. Wheeler
20   James A. Garfield
(1831–1881)
[45]
March 4, 1881

September 19, 1881[e]
Republican 1880 Chester A. Arthur
21   Chester A. Arthur
(1829–1886)
[46]
September 19, 1881[o]

March 4, 1885
Republican Vacant throughout
presidency
22   Grover Cleveland
(1837–1908)
[48]
March 4, 1885

March 4, 1889
Democratic 1884 Thomas A. Hendricks[e]

Vacant after
November 25, 1885

23   Benjamin Harrison
(1833–1901)
[49]
March 4, 1889

March 4, 1893
Republican 1888 Levi P. Morton
24   Grover Cleveland
(1837–1908)
[48]
March 4, 1893

March 4, 1897
Democratic 1892 Adlai Stevenson I
25   William McKinley
(1843–1901)
[50]
March 4, 1897

September 14, 1901[e]
Republican 1896

1900

Garret Hobart[e]

Vacant after
November 21, 1899


Theodore Roosevelt

26   Theodore Roosevelt
(1858–1919)
[51]
September 14, 1901[p]

March 4, 1909
Republican

1904

Vacant through
March 4, 1905

Charles W. Fairbanks

27   William Howard Taft
(1857–1930)
[53]
March 4, 1909

March 4, 1913
Republican 1908 James S. Sherman[e]

Vacant after
October 30, 1912

28   Woodrow Wilson
(1856–1924)
[54]
March 4, 1913

March 4, 1921
Democratic 1912

1916

Thomas R. Marshall
29   Warren G. Harding
(1865–1923)
[55]
March 4, 1921

August 2, 1923[e]
Republican 1920 Calvin Coolidge
30   Calvin Coolidge
(1872–1933)
[56]
August 2, 1923[q]

March 4, 1929
Republican

1924

Vacant through
March 4, 1925

Charles G. Dawes

31   Herbert Hoover
(1874–1964)
[58]
March 4, 1929

March 4, 1933
Republican 1928 Charles Curtis
32   Franklin D. Roosevelt
(1882–1945)
[59]
March 4, 1933

April 12, 1945[e]
Democratic 1932

1936


1940


1944

John Nance Garner

Henry A. Wallace


Harry S. Truman

33   Harry S. Truman
(1884–1972)
[60]
April 12, 1945[r]

January 20, 1953
Democratic

1948

Vacant through
January 20, 1949

Alben W. Barkley

34   Dwight D. Eisenhower
(1890–1969)
[62]
January 20, 1953

January 20, 1961
Republican 1952

1956

Richard Nixon
35   John F. Kennedy
(1917–1963)
[63]
January 20, 1961

November 22, 1963[e]
Democratic 1960 Lyndon B. Johnson
36   Lyndon B. Johnson
(1908–1973)
[64]
November 22, 1963[s]

January 20, 1969
Democratic

1964

Vacant through
January 20, 1965

Hubert Humphrey

37   Richard Nixon
(1913–1994)
[66]
January 20, 1969

August 9, 1974[h]
Republican 1968

1972

Spiro Agnew[h]

Vacant:
October 10 – December 6, 1973


Gerald Ford[t]

38   Gerald Ford
(1913–2006)
[67]
August 9, 1974[u]

January 20, 1977
Republican Vacant through
December 19, 1974

Nelson Rockefeller[t]

39   Jimmy Carter
(b. 1924)
[68]
January 20, 1977

January 20, 1981
Democratic 1976 Walter Mondale
40   Ronald Reagan
(1911–2004)
[69]
January 20, 1981

January 20, 1989
Republican 1980

1984

George H. W. Bush
41   George H. W. Bush
(1924–2018)
[70]
January 20, 1989

January 20, 1993
Republican 1988 Dan Quayle
42   Bill Clinton
(b. 1946)
[71]
January 20, 1993

January 20, 2001
Democratic 1992

1996

Al Gore
43   George W. Bush
(b. 1946)
[72]
January 20, 2001

January 20, 2009
Republican 2000

2004

Dick Cheney
44   Barack Obama
(b. 1961)
[73]
January 20, 2009

January 20, 2017
Democratic 2008

2012

Joe Biden
45   Donald Trump
(b. 1946)
[74]
January 20, 2017

January 20, 2021
Republican 2016 Mike Pence
46   Joe Biden
(b. 1942)
[6]
January 20, 2021

Incumbent
Democratic 2020 Kamala Harris

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Presidents are numbered according to uninterrupted periods served by the same person. For example, George Washington served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first president (not the first and second). Upon the resignation of 37th president, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford became the 38th president even though he simply served out the remainder of Nixon's second term and was never elected to the presidency in his own right. Grover Cleveland was both the 22nd president and the 24th president because his two terms were not consecutive. A vice president who temporarily becomes acting president under the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution is not counted, because the president remains in office during such a period.
  2. ^ Reflects the president's political party at the start of their presidency. Changes during their time in office are noted. Also reflects the vice president's political party unless otherwise noted beside the individual's name.
  3. ^ Political parties had not been anticipated when the Constitution was drafted, nor did they exist at the time of the first presidential election in 1788–89. When they did develop, during Washington's first term, Adams joined the faction that became the Federalist Party. The elections of 1792 were the first ones in the United States that were contested on anything resembling a partisan basis.[18]
  4. ^ The 1796 presidential election was the first contested American presidential election and the only one in which a president and vice president were elected from opposing political parties. Federalist John Adams was elected president, and Jefferson of the Democratic-Republicans was elected vice president.[20]
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Died in office[23]
  6. ^ Early during John Quincy Adams' term the Democratic-Republican Party dissolved; his allies in Congress and at the state-level were referred to as "Adams' Men" during the Adams presidency. When Andrew Jackson became president in 1829, this group became the "Anti-Jackson" opposition, and organized themselves as the National Republican Party.[26]
  7. ^ John Calhoun, formerly a Democratic-Republican, founded the Nullifier Party in 1828 to oppose the Tariff of 1828 and advance the cause of states' rights, but was brought on as Andrew Jackson's running mate in the 1828 presidential election in an effort to broaden the democratic coalition led by Jackson.[27]
  8. ^ a b c Resigned from office[23]
  9. ^ John Tyler succeeded to the presidency upon the death of William Henry Harrison.[32]
  10. ^ John Tyler was elected vice president on the Whig Party ticket in 1840. His policy priorities as president soon proved to be opposed to most of the Whig agenda, and he was expelled from the party five months after assuming office.[33]
  11. ^ Millard Fillmore succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Zachary Taylor.[37]
  12. ^ When he ran for reelection in 1864, Republican Abraham Lincoln formed a bipartisan electoral alliance with War Democrats by selecting Democrat Andrew Johnson as his running mate, and running on the National Union Party ticket.[41]
  13. ^ Andrew Johnson succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Abraham Lincoln.[42]
  14. ^ While president, Andrew Johnson tried and failed to build a party of loyalists under the National Union banner. Near the end of his presidency, Johnson rejoined the Democratic Party.[42]
  15. ^ Chester A. Arthur succeeded to the presidency upon the death of James A. Garfield.[47]
  16. ^ Theodore Roosevelt succeeded to the presidency upon the death of William McKinley.[52]
  17. ^ Calvin Coolidge succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Warren G. Harding.[57]
  18. ^ Harry S. Truman succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt.[61]
  19. ^ Lyndon B. Johnson succeeded to the presidency upon the death of John F. Kennedy.[65]
  20. ^ a b Appointed as vice president under terms of the Twenty-fifth Amendment, Section 2[23]
  21. ^ Gerald Ford succeeded to the presidency upon the resignation of Richard Nixon.[67]

References

  1. ^ Rossiter (1962), p. 86.
  2. ^ Shugart (2004), pp. 633–636.
  3. ^ Epstein (2005), p. 318.
  4. ^ Matuz (2001), p. xxii.
  5. ^ Schaller & Williams (2003), p. 192.
  6. ^ a b whitehouse.gov (g).
  7. ^ McHugh & Mackowiak (2014), pp. 990–995.
  8. ^ Skau (1974), pp. 246–275.
  9. ^ Peabody & Gant (1999), p. 565.
  10. ^ Abbott (2005), pp. 627–644.
  11. ^ Dinnerstein (1962), pp. 447–451.
  12. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 197; Nardulli (1992), p. 179.
  13. ^ LOC (2); Jamison (2014).
  14. ^ LOC; whitehouse.gov.
  15. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), pp. 257–258.
  16. ^ LOC.
  17. ^ McDonald (2000).
  18. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), pp. 197, 272; Nardulli (1992), p. 179.
  19. ^ Pencak (2000).
  20. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 274.
  21. ^ Peterson (2000).
  22. ^ Banning (2000).
  23. ^ a b c Neale (2004), p. 22.
  24. ^ Ammon (2000).
  25. ^ Hargreaves (2000).
  26. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 228; Goldman (1951), p. 159.
  27. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 892; Houpt (2010), pp. 26, 280.
  28. ^ Remini (2000).
  29. ^ Cole (2000).
  30. ^ Gutzman (2000).
  31. ^ Shade (2000).
  32. ^ Abbott (2013), p. 23.
  33. ^ Cash (2018), pp. 34–36.
  34. ^ Rawley (2000).
  35. ^ Smith (2000).
  36. ^ Anbinder (2000).
  37. ^ Abbott (2005), p. 639.
  38. ^ Gara (2000).
  39. ^ Gienapp (2000).
  40. ^ McPherson (b) (2000).
  41. ^ McSeveney (1986), p. 139.
  42. ^ a b c Trefousse (2000).
  43. ^ McPherson (a) (2000).
  44. ^ Hoogenboom (2000).
  45. ^ Peskin (2000).
  46. ^ Reeves (2000).
  47. ^ Greenberger (2017), pp. 174–175.
  48. ^ a b Campbell (2000).
  49. ^ Spetter (2000).
  50. ^ Gould (a) (2000).
  51. ^ Harbaugh (2000).
  52. ^ Abbott (2005), p. 639–640.
  53. ^ Gould (b) (2000).
  54. ^ Ambrosius (2000).
  55. ^ Hawley (2000).
  56. ^ McCoy (2000).
  57. ^ Senate.
  58. ^ Hoff (a) (2000).
  59. ^ Brinkley (2000).
  60. ^ Hamby (2000).
  61. ^ Abbott (2005), p. 636.
  62. ^ Ambrose (2000).
  63. ^ Parmet (2000).
  64. ^ Gardner (2000).
  65. ^ Abbott (2005), p. 633.
  66. ^ Hoff (b) (2000).
  67. ^ a b Greene (2013).
  68. ^ whitehouse.gov (a).
  69. ^ Schaller (2004).
  70. ^ whitehouse.gov (b).
  71. ^ whitehouse.gov (c).
  72. ^ whitehouse.gov (d).
  73. ^ whitehouse.gov (e).
  74. ^ whitehouse.gov (f).

Works cited

General

  • Guide to U.S. Elections. SAGE Publications. 2010. ISBN 978-1-60426-536-1.
  • "Chronological List of Presidents, First Ladies, and Vice Presidents of the United States". Library of Congress. Retrieved February 20, 2020.
  • "Presidents". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved May 14, 2022.

Expert studies

Presidential biographies

Online sources

  • Jamison, Dennis (December 31, 2014). "George Washington' Views on Political Parties in America". The Washington Times. Retrieved February 20, 2020.
  • "Creating the United States: Formation of Political Parties". Library of Congress. Retrieved July 31, 2022.
  • "President's Swearing-in Ceremony". United States Senate. Retrieved July 31, 2022.

External links

  •   Media related to President of the United States at Wikimedia Commons
  •   Quotations related to List of presidents of the United States at Wikiquote

list, presidents, united, states, president, united, states, head, state, head, government, united, states, indirectly, elected, four, year, term, electoral, college, officeholder, leads, executive, branch, federal, government, commander, chief, united, states. The president of the United States is the head of state and head of government of the United States 1 indirectly elected to a four year term via the Electoral College 2 The officeholder leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander in chief of the United States Armed Forces 3 Since the office was established in 1789 45 men have served in 46 presidencies The first president George Washington won a unanimous vote of the Electoral College 4 one Grover Cleveland served two non consecutive terms and is therefore counted as the 22nd and 24th president of the United States giving rise to the discrepancy between the number of presidencies and the number of persons who have served as president 5 The incumbent president is Joe Biden 6 White House official residence of the president of the United States May 2006 The presidency of William Henry Harrison who died 31 days after taking office in 1841 was the shortest in American history 7 Franklin D Roosevelt served the longest over twelve years before dying early in his fourth term in 1945 He is the only U S president to have served more than two terms 8 Since the ratification of the Twenty second Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1951 no person may be elected president more than twice and no one who has served more than two years of a term to which someone else was elected may be elected more than once 9 Four presidents died in office of natural causes William Henry Harrison Zachary Taylor Warren G Harding and Franklin D Roosevelt four were assassinated Abraham Lincoln James A Garfield William McKinley and John F Kennedy and one resigned Richard Nixon facing impeachment and removal from office 10 John Tyler was the first vice president to assume the presidency during a presidential term and set the precedent that a vice president who does so becomes the fully functioning president with his presidency 11 Throughout most of its history American politics has been dominated by political parties The Constitution is silent on the issue of political parties and at the time it came into force in 1789 no organized parties existed Soon after the 1st Congress convened political factions began rallying around dominant Washington administration officials such as Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson 12 Concerned about the capacity of political parties to destroy the fragile unity holding the nation together Washington remained unaffiliated with any political faction or party throughout his eight year presidency He was and remains the only U S president never affiliated with a political party 13 Contents 1 Presidents 2 See also 3 Notes 4 References 5 Works cited 6 External linksPresidentsList of presidents of the United States from 1789 till date No a Portrait Name Birth Death Term 14 Party b 15 Election Vice President 16 1 George Washington 1732 1799 17 April 30 1789 March 4 1797 Unaffiliated 1788 1789 1792 John Adams c 2 John Adams 1735 1826 19 March 4 1797 March 4 1801 Federalist 1796 Thomas Jefferson d 3 Thomas Jefferson 1743 1826 21 March 4 1801 March 4 1809 Democratic Republican 18001804 Aaron Burr George Clinton4 James Madison 1751 1836 22 March 4 1809 March 4 1817 Democratic Republican 1808 1812 George Clinton e Vacant afterApril 20 1812 Elbridge Gerry e Vacant afterNovember 23 18145 James Monroe 1758 1831 24 March 4 1817 March 4 1825 Democratic Republican 1816 1820 Daniel D Tompkins6 John Quincy Adams 1767 1848 25 March 4 1825 March 4 1829 Democratic Republican f National Republican 1824 John C Calhoun g 7 Andrew Jackson 1767 1845 28 March 4 1829 March 4 1837 Democratic 1828 1832 John C Calhoun h Vacant afterDecember 28 1832 Martin Van Buren8 Martin Van Buren 1782 1862 29 March 4 1837 March 4 1841 Democratic 1836 Richard Mentor Johnson9 William Henry Harrison 1773 1841 30 March 4 1841 April 4 1841 e Whig 1840 John Tyler10 John Tyler 1790 1862 31 April 4 1841 i March 4 1845 Whig j Unaffiliated Vacant throughoutpresidency11 James K Polk 1795 1849 34 March 4 1845 March 4 1849 Democratic 1844 George M Dallas12 Zachary Taylor 1784 1850 35 March 4 1849 July 9 1850 e Whig 1848 Millard Fillmore13 Millard Fillmore 1800 1874 36 July 9 1850 k March 4 1853 Whig Vacant throughoutpresidency14 Franklin Pierce 1804 1869 38 March 4 1853 March 4 1857 Democratic 1852 William R King e Vacant afterApril 18 185315 James Buchanan 1791 1868 39 March 4 1857 March 4 1861 Democratic 1856 John C Breckinridge16 Abraham Lincoln 1809 1865 40 March 4 1861 April 15 1865 e Republican National Union l 1860 1864 Hannibal Hamlin Andrew Johnson17 Andrew Johnson 1808 1875 42 April 15 1865 m March 4 1869 National Union n Democratic Vacant throughoutpresidency18 Ulysses S Grant 1822 1885 43 March 4 1869 March 4 1877 Republican 1868 1872 Schuyler Colfax Henry Wilson e Vacant afterNovember 22 187519 Rutherford B Hayes 1822 1893 44 March 4 1877 March 4 1881 Republican 1876 William A Wheeler20 James A Garfield 1831 1881 45 March 4 1881 September 19 1881 e Republican 1880 Chester A Arthur21 Chester A Arthur 1829 1886 46 September 19 1881 o March 4 1885 Republican Vacant throughoutpresidency22 Grover Cleveland 1837 1908 48 March 4 1885 March 4 1889 Democratic 1884 Thomas A Hendricks e Vacant afterNovember 25 188523 Benjamin Harrison 1833 1901 49 March 4 1889 March 4 1893 Republican 1888 Levi P Morton24 Grover Cleveland 1837 1908 48 March 4 1893 March 4 1897 Democratic 1892 Adlai Stevenson I25 William McKinley 1843 1901 50 March 4 1897 September 14 1901 e Republican 1896 1900 Garret Hobart e Vacant afterNovember 21 1899 Theodore Roosevelt26 Theodore Roosevelt 1858 1919 51 September 14 1901 p March 4 1909 Republican 1904 Vacant throughMarch 4 1905 Charles W Fairbanks27 William Howard Taft 1857 1930 53 March 4 1909 March 4 1913 Republican 1908 James S Sherman e Vacant afterOctober 30 191228 Woodrow Wilson 1856 1924 54 March 4 1913 March 4 1921 Democratic 1912 1916 Thomas R Marshall29 Warren G Harding 1865 1923 55 March 4 1921 August 2 1923 e Republican 1920 Calvin Coolidge30 Calvin Coolidge 1872 1933 56 August 2 1923 q March 4 1929 Republican 1924 Vacant throughMarch 4 1925 Charles G Dawes31 Herbert Hoover 1874 1964 58 March 4 1929 March 4 1933 Republican 1928 Charles Curtis32 Franklin D Roosevelt 1882 1945 59 March 4 1933 April 12 1945 e Democratic 1932 1936 1940 1944 John Nance Garner Henry A Wallace Harry S Truman33 Harry S Truman 1884 1972 60 April 12 1945 r January 20 1953 Democratic 1948 Vacant throughJanuary 20 1949 Alben W Barkley34 Dwight D Eisenhower 1890 1969 62 January 20 1953 January 20 1961 Republican 1952 1956 Richard Nixon35 John F Kennedy 1917 1963 63 January 20 1961 November 22 1963 e Democratic 1960 Lyndon B Johnson36 Lyndon B Johnson 1908 1973 64 November 22 1963 s January 20 1969 Democratic 1964 Vacant throughJanuary 20 1965 Hubert Humphrey37 Richard Nixon 1913 1994 66 January 20 1969 August 9 1974 h Republican 1968 1972 Spiro Agnew h Vacant October 10 December 6 1973 Gerald Ford t 38 Gerald Ford 1913 2006 67 August 9 1974 u January 20 1977 Republican Vacant throughDecember 19 1974 Nelson Rockefeller t 39 Jimmy Carter b 1924 68 January 20 1977 January 20 1981 Democratic 1976 Walter Mondale40 Ronald Reagan 1911 2004 69 January 20 1981 January 20 1989 Republican 1980 1984 George H W Bush41 George H W Bush 1924 2018 70 January 20 1989 January 20 1993 Republican 1988 Dan Quayle42 Bill Clinton b 1946 71 January 20 1993 January 20 2001 Democratic 1992 1996 Al Gore43 George W Bush b 1946 72 January 20 2001 January 20 2009 Republican 2000 2004 Dick Cheney44 Barack Obama b 1961 73 January 20 2009 January 20 2017 Democratic 2008 2012 Joe Biden45 Donald Trump b 1946 74 January 20 2017 January 20 2021 Republican 2016 Mike Pence46 Joe Biden b 1942 6 January 20 2021 Incumbent Democratic 2020 Kamala HarrisSee alsoActing President of the United States Founding Fathers of the United States President of the Continental CongressNotes Presidents are numbered according to uninterrupted periods served by the same person For example George Washington served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first president not the first and second Upon the resignation of 37th president Richard Nixon Gerald Ford became the 38th president even though he simply served out the remainder of Nixon s second term and was never elected to the presidency in his own right Grover Cleveland was both the 22nd president and the 24th president because his two terms were not consecutive A vice president who temporarily becomes acting president under the Twenty fifth Amendment to the Constitution is not counted because the president remains in office during such a period Reflects the president s political party at the start of their presidency Changes during their time in office are noted Also reflects the vice president s political party unless otherwise noted beside the individual s name Political parties had not been anticipated when the Constitution was drafted nor did they exist at the time of the first presidential election in 1788 89 When they did develop during Washington s first term Adams joined the faction that became the Federalist Party The elections of 1792 were the first ones in the United States that were contested on anything resembling a partisan basis 18 The 1796 presidential election was the first contested American presidential election and the only one in which a president and vice president were elected from opposing political parties Federalist John Adams was elected president and Jefferson of the Democratic Republicans was elected vice president 20 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Died in office 23 Early during John Quincy Adams term the Democratic Republican Party dissolved his allies in Congress and at the state level were referred to as Adams Men during the Adams presidency When Andrew Jackson became president in 1829 this group became the Anti Jackson opposition and organized themselves as the National Republican Party 26 John Calhoun formerly a Democratic Republican founded the Nullifier Party in 1828 to oppose the Tariff of 1828 and advance the cause of states rights but was brought on as Andrew Jackson s running mate in the 1828 presidential election in an effort to broaden the democratic coalition led by Jackson 27 a b c Resigned from office 23 John Tyler succeeded to the presidency upon the death of William Henry Harrison 32 John Tyler was elected vice president on the Whig Party ticket in 1840 His policy priorities as president soon proved to be opposed to most of the Whig agenda and he was expelled from the party five months after assuming office 33 Millard Fillmore succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Zachary Taylor 37 When he ran for reelection in 1864 Republican Abraham Lincoln formed a bipartisan electoral alliance with War Democrats by selecting Democrat Andrew Johnson as his running mate and running on the National Union Party ticket 41 Andrew Johnson succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Abraham Lincoln 42 While president Andrew Johnson tried and failed to build a party of loyalists under the National Union banner Near the end of his presidency Johnson rejoined the Democratic Party 42 Chester A Arthur succeeded to the presidency upon the death of James A Garfield 47 Theodore Roosevelt succeeded to the presidency upon the death of William McKinley 52 Calvin Coolidge succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Warren G Harding 57 Harry S Truman succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Franklin D Roosevelt 61 Lyndon B Johnson succeeded to the presidency upon the death of John F Kennedy 65 a b Appointed as vice president under terms of the Twenty fifth Amendment Section 2 23 Gerald Ford succeeded to the presidency upon the resignation of Richard Nixon 67 References Rossiter 1962 p 86 Shugart 2004 pp 633 636 Epstein 2005 p 318 Matuz 2001 p xxii Schaller amp Williams 2003 p 192 a b whitehouse gov g McHugh amp Mackowiak 2014 pp 990 995 Skau 1974 pp 246 275 Peabody amp Gant 1999 p 565 Abbott 2005 pp 627 644 Dinnerstein 1962 pp 447 451 Guide to U S Elections 2010 p 197 Nardulli 1992 p 179 LOC 2 Jamison 2014 LOC whitehouse gov Guide to U S Elections 2010 pp 257 258 LOC McDonald 2000 Guide to U S Elections 2010 pp 197 272 Nardulli 1992 p 179 Pencak 2000 Guide to U S Elections 2010 p 274 Peterson 2000 Banning 2000 a b c Neale 2004 p 22 Ammon 2000 Hargreaves 2000 Guide to U S Elections 2010 p 228 Goldman 1951 p 159 Guide to U S Elections 2010 p 892 Houpt 2010 pp 26 280 Remini 2000 Cole 2000 Gutzman 2000 Shade 2000 Abbott 2013 p 23 Cash 2018 pp 34 36 Rawley 2000 Smith 2000 Anbinder 2000 Abbott 2005 p 639 Gara 2000 Gienapp 2000 McPherson b 2000 McSeveney 1986 p 139 a b c Trefousse 2000 McPherson a 2000 Hoogenboom 2000 Peskin 2000 Reeves 2000 Greenberger 2017 pp 174 175 a b Campbell 2000 Spetter 2000 Gould a 2000 Harbaugh 2000 Abbott 2005 p 639 640 Gould b 2000 Ambrosius 2000 Hawley 2000 McCoy 2000 Senate Hoff a 2000 Brinkley 2000 Hamby 2000 Abbott 2005 p 636 Ambrose 2000 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Retrieved May 14 2022 Donald Trump whitehouse gov Retrieved May 14 2022 Joe Biden whitehouse gov Retrieved May 14 2022 Online sources Jamison Dennis December 31 2014 George Washington Views on Political Parties in America The Washington Times Retrieved February 20 2020 Creating the United States Formation of Political Parties Library of Congress Retrieved July 31 2022 President s Swearing in Ceremony United States Senate Retrieved July 31 2022 External links Media related to President of the United States at Wikimedia Commons Quotations related to List of presidents of the United States at Wikiquote Portals Biography United States Politics Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of presidents of the United States amp oldid 1151381415, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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