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List of cities by scientific output

The following article lists the cities and metropolitan areas with the greatest scientific output, according to the Nature Index. The Nature Index attempts to objectively measure the scientific output of institutions, cities and countries by the amount of scientific articles and papers published in leading journals. Differences in quality are taken into account. Only articles published in 82[note 1] selected quality journals are counted. All these journals are in the English language. They were selected by a committee. If authors from several institutions from different cities are involved in a scientific article, it is divided accordingly, assuming that all researchers were equally involved in the article.

In 2019, Beijing was the city in the world with the largest scientific output, accounting for 2.8% of the world's total.[2] New York City was second in the world, with about 2% of the world’s total. Overall, the United States has the most cities in the top 100 list, followed by China.

List edit

The top 100 cities and metropolitan areas with the highest share of articles published in scientific journals in 2021 according to the Nature Index 2022 Science Cities:[3]

Rank City/Metro area Country
1 Beijing   China
2 New York metropolitan area   United States
3 Shanghai   China
4 Boston metropolitan Area   United States
5 San Francisco Bay Area   United States
6 Baltimore-Washington   United States
7 Tokyo metropolitan area   Japan
8 Nanjing   China
9 Paris metropolitan area   France
10 Guangzhou   China
11 Wuhan   China
12 Los Angeles Metropolitan area   United States
13 London metropolitan area   United Kingdom
14 Seoul metropolitan area   South Korea
15 Chicago metropolitan area   United States
16 Hefei   China
17 Zürich    Switzerland
18 Singapore   Singapore
19 Hangzhou   China
20 Tianjin   China
21 San Diego metropolitan area   United States
22 Cambridge   United Kingdom
23 Hong Kong   China
24 Munich   Germany
25 Philadelphia metropolitan area   United States
26 Oxford   United Kingdom
27 Berlin metropolitan area   Germany
28 Shenzhen   China
29 Xi'an   China
30 Chengdu   China
31 Houston metropolitan area   United States
32 Seattle metropolitan area   United States
33 Melbourne   Australia
34 Changsha   China
35 Changchun   China
36 Jinan   China
37 Atlanta metropolitan area   United States
38 Ann Arbor   United States
39 Toronto metropolitan area   Canada
40 Sydney   Australia
41 Daejeon   South Korea
42 Lausanne    Switzerland
43 Kyoto   Japan
44 Ithaca   United States
45 Barcelona metropolitan area   Spain
46 Copenhagen   Denmark
47 Moscow   Russia
48 Suzhou   China
49 Dalian   China
50 Fuzhou   China
51 Chongqing   China
52 Madrid   Spain
53 Osaka   Japan
54 Stockholm   Sweden
55 Montreal   Canada
56 Dallas–Fort Worth   United States
57 Tsukuba   Japan
58 Vienna   Austria
59 Taipei   Taiwan[note 2]
60 St. Louis   United States
61 Boulder   United States
62 Austin   United States
63 Xiamen   China
64 Pittsburgh   United States
65 Heidelberg   Germany
66 Urbana   United States
67 Lanzhou   China
68 Qingdao   China
69 Nagoya metropolitan Area   Japan
70 Brisbane   Australia
71 Vancouver   Canada
72 Dresden   Germany
73 Amsterdam metropolitan area   Netherlands
74 Minneapolis–Saint Paul   United States
75 Madison   United States
76 Göttingen   Germany
77 Durham   United States
78 State College   United States
79 Hamburg   Germany
80 Milan   Italy
81 Rehovot   Israel
82 Santa Barbara   United States
83 Edinburgh   United Kingdom
84 Chapel Hill   United States
85 Harbin   China
86 Geneva    Switzerland
87 Grenoble   France
88 Bengaluru   India
89 Leuven   Belgium
90 Münster   Germany
91 Manchester   United Kingdom
92 Davis   United States
93 Rome   Italy
94 Irvine   United States
95 Bristol metropolitan area   United Kingdom
96 Zhengzhou   China
97 Utrecht   Netherlands
98 College Station   United States
99 Jerusalem   Israel
100 Tel Aviv   Israel

Leading cities in different fields edit

The 10 cities and metropolitan areas with the highest share of articles published in the fields of life sciences, Earth & environmental sciences, chemistry and physical sciences:

Rank Life sciences[4] Earth & environmental sciences[5] Chemistry[6] Physical sciences[7]
1   New York metropolitan area   Beijing   Beijing   Beijing
2   Boston metropolitan area   Nanjing   Shanghai   Shanghai
3   San Francisco Bay Area   Baltimore-Washington   Nanjing   Boston metropolitan area
4   Baltimore-Washington   New York metropolitan area   Tokyo metropolitan area   New York metropolitan area
5   Beijing   San Francisco Bay Area   Guangzhou   San Francisco Bay Area
6   London metropolitan area   Guangzhou   Wuhan   Tokyo metropolitan area
7   Shanghai   Los Angeles metropolitan area   New York metropolitan area   Seoul metropolitan area
8   Paris metropolitan area   Wuhan   San Francisco Bay Area   Nanjing
9   San Diego metropolitan area   Shanghai   Tianjin   Paris metropolitan area
10   Los Angeles metropolitan area   Boston metropolitan area   Boston metropolitan area   Singapore

Notes edit

  1. ^ The current complete list of the 82 leading scientific journals, as of September 2022, are: ACS Nano, Advanced Functional Materials, Advanced Materials, American Journal of Human Genetics, Analytical Chemistry, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Applied Physics Letters, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Cancer Cell, Cancer Research, Cell, Cell Host & Microbe, Cell Metabolism, Cell Stem Cell, Chemical Communications, Chemical Science, Current Biology, Developmental Cell, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Ecology Letters, eLife, Environmental Science & Technology, European Physical Journal C, Genes & Development, Genome Research, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Geology, Geophysical Research Letters, Immunity, Inorganic Chemistry, Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal of Cell Biology, Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal of Experimental Medicine, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Journal of High Energy Physics, Journal of Neuroscience, Journal of the American Chemical Society, Macromolecules, Molecular Cell, Molecular Psychiatry, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters, Nano Letters, Nature, Nature Biotechnology, Nature Cell Biology, Nature Chemical Biology, Nature Chemistry, Nature Climate Change, Nature Communications, Nature Genetics, Nature Geoscience, Nature Immunology, Nature Materials, Nature Medicine, Nature Methods, Nature Nanotechnology, Nature Neuroscience, Nature Photonics, Nature Physics, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Neuron, Organic Letters, Physical Review A, Physical Review B, Physical Review D, Physical Review Letters, Physical Review X, PLOS Biology, PLOS Genetics, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Science, Science Advances, Science Translational Medicine, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, The EMBO Journal, The ISME Journal: Multidisciplinary Journal of Microbial Ecology, The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, The Plant Cell, and Water Research.[1]
  2. ^ Controlled by the   Republic of China on Taiwan. See also Political status of Taiwan and One China.

References edit

  1. ^ "Revisions to the Nature Index". nature.com. 6 June 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2022.
  2. ^ Jia, Hepeng (2020-09-19). "Beijing, the seat of science capital". Nature. 585 (7826): S52–S54. Bibcode:2020Natur.585S..52J. doi:10.1038/d41586-020-02577-x.
  3. ^ "Leading 200 science cities | Nature Index 2022 Science Cities | Supplements | Nature Index". www.nature.com. Retrieved 2023-07-18.
  4. ^ "Leading 50 science cities in biological sciences | Nature Index 2022 Science Cities | Supplements | Nature Index". www.nature.com. Retrieved 2023-07-18.
  5. ^ "Leading 25 science cities in Earth & environmental sciences | Nature Index 2022 Science Cities | Supplements | Nature Index". www.nature.com. Retrieved 2023-07-18.
  6. ^ "Leading 50 science cities in chemistry | Nature Index 2022 Science Cities | Supplements | Nature Index". www.nature.com. Retrieved 2023-07-18.
  7. ^ "Leading 50 science cities in physical sciences | Nature Index 2022 Science Cities | Supplements | Nature Index". www.nature.com. Retrieved 2023-07-18.

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The following article lists the cities and metropolitan areas with the greatest scientific output according to the Nature Index The Nature Index attempts to objectively measure the scientific output of institutions cities and countries by the amount of scientific articles and papers published in leading journals Differences in quality are taken into account Only articles published in 82 note 1 selected quality journals are counted All these journals are in the English language They were selected by a committee If authors from several institutions from different cities are involved in a scientific article it is divided accordingly assuming that all researchers were equally involved in the article In 2019 Beijing was the city in the world with the largest scientific output accounting for 2 8 of the world s total 2 New York City was second in the world with about 2 of the world s total Overall the United States has the most cities in the top 100 list followed by China Contents 1 List 2 Leading cities in different fields 3 Notes 4 ReferencesList editThe top 100 cities and metropolitan areas with the highest share of articles published in scientific journals in 2021 according to the Nature Index 2022 Science Cities 3 Rank City Metro area Country1 Beijing nbsp China2 New York metropolitan area nbsp United States3 Shanghai nbsp China4 Boston metropolitan Area nbsp United States5 San Francisco Bay Area nbsp United States6 Baltimore Washington nbsp United States7 Tokyo metropolitan area nbsp Japan8 Nanjing nbsp China9 Paris metropolitan area nbsp France10 Guangzhou nbsp China11 Wuhan nbsp China12 Los Angeles Metropolitan area nbsp United States13 London metropolitan area nbsp United Kingdom14 Seoul metropolitan area nbsp South Korea15 Chicago metropolitan area nbsp United States16 Hefei nbsp China17 Zurich nbsp Switzerland18 Singapore nbsp Singapore19 Hangzhou nbsp China20 Tianjin nbsp China21 San Diego metropolitan area nbsp United States22 Cambridge nbsp United Kingdom23 Hong Kong nbsp China24 Munich nbsp Germany25 Philadelphia metropolitan area nbsp United States26 Oxford nbsp United Kingdom27 Berlin metropolitan area nbsp Germany28 Shenzhen nbsp China29 Xi an nbsp China30 Chengdu nbsp China31 Houston metropolitan area nbsp United States32 Seattle metropolitan area nbsp United States33 Melbourne nbsp Australia34 Changsha nbsp China35 Changchun nbsp China36 Jinan nbsp China37 Atlanta metropolitan area nbsp United States38 Ann Arbor nbsp United States39 Toronto metropolitan area nbsp Canada40 Sydney nbsp Australia41 Daejeon nbsp South Korea42 Lausanne nbsp Switzerland43 Kyoto nbsp Japan44 Ithaca nbsp United States45 Barcelona metropolitan area nbsp Spain46 Copenhagen nbsp Denmark47 Moscow nbsp Russia48 Suzhou nbsp China49 Dalian nbsp China50 Fuzhou nbsp China51 Chongqing nbsp China52 Madrid nbsp Spain53 Osaka nbsp Japan54 Stockholm nbsp Sweden55 Montreal nbsp Canada56 Dallas Fort Worth nbsp United States57 Tsukuba nbsp Japan58 Vienna nbsp Austria59 Taipei nbsp Taiwan note 2 60 St Louis nbsp United States61 Boulder nbsp United States62 Austin nbsp United States63 Xiamen nbsp China64 Pittsburgh nbsp United States65 Heidelberg nbsp Germany66 Urbana nbsp United States67 Lanzhou nbsp China68 Qingdao nbsp China69 Nagoya metropolitan Area nbsp Japan70 Brisbane nbsp Australia71 Vancouver nbsp Canada72 Dresden nbsp Germany73 Amsterdam metropolitan area nbsp Netherlands74 Minneapolis Saint Paul nbsp United States75 Madison nbsp United States76 Gottingen nbsp Germany77 Durham nbsp United States78 State College nbsp United States79 Hamburg nbsp Germany80 Milan nbsp Italy81 Rehovot nbsp Israel82 Santa Barbara nbsp United States83 Edinburgh nbsp United Kingdom84 Chapel Hill nbsp United States85 Harbin nbsp China86 Geneva nbsp Switzerland87 Grenoble nbsp France88 Bengaluru nbsp India89 Leuven nbsp Belgium90 Munster nbsp Germany91 Manchester nbsp United Kingdom92 Davis nbsp United States93 Rome nbsp Italy94 Irvine nbsp United States95 Bristol metropolitan area nbsp United Kingdom96 Zhengzhou nbsp China97 Utrecht nbsp Netherlands98 College Station nbsp United States99 Jerusalem nbsp Israel100 Tel Aviv nbsp IsraelLeading cities in different fields editThe 10 cities and metropolitan areas with the highest share of articles published in the fields of life sciences Earth amp environmental sciences chemistry and physical sciences Rank Life sciences 4 Earth amp environmental sciences 5 Chemistry 6 Physical sciences 7 1 nbsp New York metropolitan area nbsp Beijing nbsp Beijing nbsp Beijing2 nbsp Boston metropolitan area nbsp Nanjing nbsp Shanghai nbsp Shanghai3 nbsp San Francisco Bay Area nbsp Baltimore Washington nbsp Nanjing nbsp Boston metropolitan area4 nbsp Baltimore Washington nbsp New York metropolitan area nbsp Tokyo metropolitan area nbsp New York metropolitan area5 nbsp Beijing nbsp San Francisco Bay Area nbsp Guangzhou nbsp San Francisco Bay Area6 nbsp London metropolitan area nbsp Guangzhou nbsp Wuhan nbsp Tokyo metropolitan area7 nbsp Shanghai nbsp Los Angeles metropolitan area nbsp New York metropolitan area nbsp Seoul metropolitan area8 nbsp Paris metropolitan area nbsp Wuhan nbsp San Francisco Bay Area nbsp Nanjing9 nbsp San Diego metropolitan area nbsp Shanghai nbsp Tianjin nbsp Paris metropolitan area10 nbsp Los Angeles metropolitan area nbsp Boston metropolitan area nbsp Boston metropolitan area nbsp SingaporeNotes edit The current complete list of the 82 leading scientific journals as of September 2022 are ACS Nano Advanced Functional Materials Advanced Materials American Journal of Human Genetics Analytical Chemistry Angewandte Chemie International Edition Applied Physics Letters Astronomy amp Astrophysics Cancer Cell Cancer Research Cell Cell Host amp Microbe Cell Metabolism Cell Stem Cell Chemical Communications Chemical Science Current Biology Developmental Cell Earth and Planetary Science Letters Ecology Letters eLife Environmental Science amp Technology European Physical Journal C Genes amp Development Genome Research Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Geology Geophysical Research Letters Immunity Inorganic Chemistry Journal of Biological Chemistry Journal of Cell Biology Journal of Clinical Investigation Journal of Experimental Medicine Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth Journal of High Energy Physics Journal of Neuroscience Journal of the American Chemical Society Macromolecules Molecular Cell Molecular Psychiatry Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters Nano Letters Nature Nature Biotechnology Nature Cell Biology Nature Chemical Biology Nature Chemistry Nature Climate Change Nature Communications Nature Genetics Nature Geoscience Nature Immunology Nature Materials Nature Medicine Nature Methods Nature Nanotechnology Nature Neuroscience Nature Photonics Nature Physics Nature Structural amp Molecular Biology Neuron Organic Letters Physical Review A Physical Review B Physical Review D Physical Review Letters Physical Review X PLOS Biology PLOS Genetics Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Proceedings of the Royal Society B Science Science Advances Science Translational Medicine The Astrophysical Journal Letters The EMBO Journal The ISME Journal Multidisciplinary Journal of Microbial Ecology The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters The Plant Cell and Water Research 1 Controlled by the nbsp Republic of China on Taiwan See also Political status of Taiwan and One China References edit Revisions to the Nature Index nature com 6 June 2018 Retrieved 30 August 2022 Jia Hepeng 2020 09 19 Beijing the seat of science capital Nature 585 7826 S52 S54 Bibcode 2020Natur 585S 52J doi 10 1038 d41586 020 02577 x Leading 200 science cities Nature Index 2022 Science Cities Supplements Nature Index www nature com Retrieved 2023 07 18 Leading 50 science cities in biological sciences Nature Index 2022 Science Cities Supplements Nature Index www nature com Retrieved 2023 07 18 Leading 25 science cities in Earth amp environmental sciences Nature Index 2022 Science Cities Supplements Nature Index www nature com Retrieved 2023 07 18 Leading 50 science cities in chemistry Nature Index 2022 Science Cities Supplements Nature Index www nature com Retrieved 2023 07 18 Leading 50 science cities in physical sciences Nature Index 2022 Science Cities Supplements Nature Index www nature com Retrieved 2023 07 18 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of cities by scientific output amp oldid 1186020334, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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