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IRIS Makran

Makran (Persian: مکران) is the first and only forward base ship of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy, in service with its Southern Fleet since 2021 and named after a coastal region in southeastern Iran.

History
Name
  • Beta (2013–2020)
  • Al Buhaira (2010–2013)
Port of registryMonrovia, Liberia
BuilderSumitomo Heavy Industries, Japan
Yard number1354
Launched10 September 2009
Completed8 March 2010
Identification
History
Iran
NameMakran
NamesakeMakran
OperatorIslamic Republic of Iran Navy
Commissioned13 January 2021
Refit2020
HomeportBandar Abbas
IdentificationPennant number: 441
StatusIn active service
General characteristics (as built)
TypeCrude oil tanker
Tonnage
  • 55,909 GT
  • 105,319 DWT
Length
  • 229.6 m (753 ft 3 in) LOA
  • 217.8 m (714 ft 7 in) LPP
Beam42.03 m (137 ft 11 in)
Propulsion1 × Propeller
Speed14.5 knots (26.9 km/h; 16.7 mph)
General characteristics (after modification)
TypeForward Base Ship
Displacement121,000 metric tons full load
Length228 m (748 ft 0 in)
Beam42 m (137 ft 10 in)
Height21.5 m (70 ft 6 in)
Endurance1,000 days
Aviation facilitiesHelicopter landing deck

A former crude oil tanker converted into a warship, she was known with the tentative title Khalij-e Fars (lit.'Persian Gulf', a name reserved for the lead ship of Project Loghman) before her name being changed to the current. Though not officially acknowledged, TankerTrackers, a firm that tracks maritime traffic, has identified her as a Japanese-built ship completed in 2010, previously named Beta and earlier Al Buhaira, and whose AIS signal was last detected in 2019 near United Arab Emirates.[1]

Construction and design

The ship was launched on 10 September 2009 at the Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. shipyard in Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan. She was completed on 8 March 2010. According to a report by Bloomberg, FAL Oil Co., a UAE-based energy trader, took a loan worth $62.4 million from German DVB Bank in July 2010, in order to refinance the construction of the Al Buhaira and another tanker.[2]

Original characteristics

Al Buhaira was an Aframax-rated tanker capable of transporting about 80,000–100,000 metric tons (79,000–98,000 long tons; 88,000–110,000 short tons) of oil.[2] Her recorded length overall was 229.6 m (753 ft), and she was 217.8 m (715 ft) long between perpendiculars, with a beam of 42.0 m (137.8 ft). The ship had a capacity of 105,319 tonnes deadweight (DWT), while her gross tonnage (GT) was 55,909.[3]

Conversion

According to H. I. Sutton, satellite imagery shows that the conversion took place at ISOICO shipyard in Bandar Abbas, where she was "rebuilt with hangar-like sheds on the deck" and painted blue-gray to be subsequently floated in November 2020, before going on sea trials between 9 and 14 December 2020.[4][5] Iranian media stated that Makran displaces 121,000 metric tons (119,000 long tons; 133,000 short tons), and put her dimensions at 228 m (748 ft) long, 42 m (138 ft) wide and 21.5 m (71 ft) tall.[6] It was suspected she was launched in late 2020 after being refitted as a sea base and underwent sea trials in December of the same year.[7] The ship is equipped with information collection and processing gear.[6]

Operational capabilities

 
Helicopters landing at Makran's deck

Makran's exact capabilities are unclear.[7] While the ship is generally similar to the American Expeditionary Mobile Base (EMB) vessels, it lacks the utility deck used for loading and unloading of stores and thus is believed to have a lower operational flexibility in comparison to the EMBs.[7]

Makran can sail almost three years without docking.[6] According to Thomas Newdick, the ship provides the navy with "persistent maritime operations in and outside of the country's own littoral areas" and can "serve as a platform for more directly challenging Iran's regional opponents, including Saudi Arabia".[7]

She may act as a mother ship for special operations or asymmetric operations, being used to launch speedboats, deliver or retrieve combat divers and commandos, or use of limpet mines.[7]

Its helicopter deck can embark as many as seven helicopters, while platforms for launching VTOL unmanned aerial vehicles are also available.[7] The space on the deck is large enough to accommodate weapon systems such as fixed/mobile missile launchers or large-caliber rocket artillery and their radars systems.[7] Though surface-to-air missile systems may also be installed, Makran apparently lacks air defense which is considered a major disadvantage.[7]

Service history

Commercial service

For a flag of convenience, she flew a Liberian flag during her entire career as a tanker, her registered port being Monrovia. The registered owner of Al Buhaira was Al Buhaira International Shipping Inc, a company based in Dubai. Later she was owned by Ionian Shipping Management LLC, another Emirati company in Fujairah.[3]

On 4 March 2013, Somali pirates unsuccessfully attempted to hijack her while she was sailing in the Arabian Sea in the international waters in the vicinity of Mukalla.[8] According to a report by International Maritime Organization, "[f]our skiffs with around six persons in each skiff approached the tanker from her port bow, mid-ships and astern. A ladder and an RPG were sighted in the approaching skiffs", subsequently the master "raised the alarm, took anti-piracy measures, informed UKMTO and all non-essential crew retreated to the citadel. Onboard armed security team fired warning shots resulting in the skiffs stopping the approach at a distance of around four cables from the ship".[8]

Military service

On 12 January 2021, she was officially commissioned into the navy.[7] A day later, she participated in a missile exercise in the Gulf of Oman[9] that included carrying commandos to the ship.[6]

In June 2021, Makran and the accompanying frigate IRIS Sahand were the first Iranian naval ships to reach the Atlantic without docking in an international port, according to official Iranian sources.[10][11] Early media report incorrectly suggested they were bound for Venezuela,[12] but the ships were bound for Saint Petersburg to attend Navy Day to commemorate the 325th anniversary of the Russian Navy foundation. Makran was reported to be carrying several Fast Attack Craft.[13]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Iran Unveils its Largest Naval Vessel Yet - A Converted Tanker", The Maritime Executive, 14 January 2013, retrieved 14 January 2013
  2. ^ a b DiPaola, Anthony (14 September 2012), "U.A.E.'s FAL Oil Faces Forced Tanker Sale to Repay DVB Loan", Bloomberg, retrieved 13 January 2013
  3. ^ a b "Al Buhaira (9486910)". Miramar Ship Index.
  4. ^ Sutton, H. I. (29 November 2020), "New OSINT: Iran Launches Another Forward Base Ship, I.R.I.N.S Makran", Covert Shores, retrieved 13 January 2021
  5. ^ Sutton, H. I. (21 December 2020), "Iranian Navy's largest Ship, I.R.I.N.S Makran, Observed On Sea Trials", Covert Shores, retrieved 13 January 2021
  6. ^ a b c d Karimi, Nasser (13 January 2021), "Iran holds missile drill in Gulf of Oman amid tensions", Associated Press, retrieved 13 January 2021
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i Newdick, Thomas. "Iran Commissions Its Massive Oil Tanker Turned Sea Base Into Service". The Drive. Retrieved 2021-01-15.
  8. ^ a b "Report on Acts of Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships: Acts Reported during March 2013" (PDF), International Maritime Organization, no. MSC.4/Circ.196, Annex 2: Acts of piracy and armed robbery allegedly attempted against ships reported by Member States or international organizations in consultative status, page 1 of 2, 29 April 2013, retrieved 13 January 2021
  9. ^ "Iran Unveils its Largest Naval Vessel Yet - A Converted Tanker". The Maritime Executive. Retrieved 2021-01-15.
  10. ^ Salem, Mostafa; Alkhshali, Hamdi; Cotovio, Vasco (11 June 2021). "Iran says its naval vessels have reached the Atlantic for the first time". CNN. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  11. ^ "Iranian navy destroyer and sea based deployed for the first time in Atlantic Ocean". Navy Recognition. 13 June 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  12. ^ LaGrone, Sam (11 June 2021). "Iranian Warship Could Be Bringing Millions of Gallons of Fuel to Venezuela". USNI News. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  13. ^ LaGrone, Sam (22 July 2021). "Iran's Largest Warship Now in the Baltic Sea Bound for Russia". USNI News. Retrieved 22 July 2021.

External links

  • Profile at GlobalSecurity.org

iris, makran, makran, persian, مکران, first, only, forward, base, ship, islamic, republic, iran, navy, service, with, southern, fleet, since, 2021, named, after, coastal, region, southeastern, iran, historynamebeta, 2013, 2020, buhaira, 2010, 2013, port, regis. Makran Persian مکران is the first and only forward base ship of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy in service with its Southern Fleet since 2021 and named after a coastal region in southeastern Iran HistoryNameBeta 2013 2020 Al Buhaira 2010 2013 Port of registryMonrovia LiberiaBuilderSumitomo Heavy Industries JapanYard number1354Launched10 September 2009Completed8 March 2010IdentificationIMO number 9486910 MMSI number 636014395 Callsign A8TO5HistoryIranNameMakranNamesakeMakranOperatorIslamic Republic of Iran NavyCommissioned13 January 2021Refit2020HomeportBandar AbbasIdentificationPennant number 441StatusIn active serviceGeneral characteristics as built TypeCrude oil tankerTonnage55 909 GT 105 319 DWTLength229 6 m 753 ft 3 in LOA 217 8 m 714 ft 7 in LPPBeam42 03 m 137 ft 11 in Propulsion1 PropellerSpeed14 5 knots 26 9 km h 16 7 mph General characteristics after modification TypeForward Base ShipDisplacement121 000 metric tons full loadLength228 m 748 ft 0 in Beam42 m 137 ft 10 in Height21 5 m 70 ft 6 in Endurance1 000 daysAviation facilitiesHelicopter landing deckA former crude oil tanker converted into a warship she was known with the tentative title Khalij e Fars lit Persian Gulf a name reserved for the lead ship of Project Loghman before her name being changed to the current Though not officially acknowledged TankerTrackers a firm that tracks maritime traffic has identified her as a Japanese built ship completed in 2010 previously named Beta and earlier Al Buhaira and whose AIS signal was last detected in 2019 near United Arab Emirates 1 Contents 1 Construction and design 1 1 Original characteristics 1 2 Conversion 2 Operational capabilities 3 Service history 3 1 Commercial service 3 2 Military service 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksConstruction and design EditThe ship was launched on 10 September 2009 at the Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd shipyard in Yokosuka Kanagawa Japan She was completed on 8 March 2010 According to a report by Bloomberg FAL Oil Co a UAE based energy trader took a loan worth 62 4 million from German DVB Bank in July 2010 in order to refinance the construction of the Al Buhaira and another tanker 2 Original characteristics Edit Al Buhaira was an Aframax rated tanker capable of transporting about 80 000 100 000 metric tons 79 000 98 000 long tons 88 000 110 000 short tons of oil 2 Her recorded length overall was 229 6 m 753 ft and she was 217 8 m 715 ft long between perpendiculars with a beam of 42 0 m 137 8 ft The ship had a capacity of 105 319 tonnes deadweight DWT while her gross tonnage GT was 55 909 3 Conversion Edit According to H I Sutton satellite imagery shows that the conversion took place at ISOICO shipyard in Bandar Abbas where she was rebuilt with hangar like sheds on the deck and painted blue gray to be subsequently floated in November 2020 before going on sea trials between 9 and 14 December 2020 4 5 Iranian media stated that Makran displaces 121 000 metric tons 119 000 long tons 133 000 short tons and put her dimensions at 228 m 748 ft long 42 m 138 ft wide and 21 5 m 71 ft tall 6 It was suspected she was launched in late 2020 after being refitted as a sea base and underwent sea trials in December of the same year 7 The ship is equipped with information collection and processing gear 6 Operational capabilities Edit Helicopters landing at Makran s deck Makran s exact capabilities are unclear 7 While the ship is generally similar to the American Expeditionary Mobile Base EMB vessels it lacks the utility deck used for loading and unloading of stores and thus is believed to have a lower operational flexibility in comparison to the EMBs 7 Makran can sail almost three years without docking 6 According to Thomas Newdick the ship provides the navy with persistent maritime operations in and outside of the country s own littoral areas and can serve as a platform for more directly challenging Iran s regional opponents including Saudi Arabia 7 She may act as a mother ship for special operations or asymmetric operations being used to launch speedboats deliver or retrieve combat divers and commandos or use of limpet mines 7 Its helicopter deck can embark as many as seven helicopters while platforms for launching VTOL unmanned aerial vehicles are also available 7 The space on the deck is large enough to accommodate weapon systems such as fixed mobile missile launchers or large caliber rocket artillery and their radars systems 7 Though surface to air missile systems may also be installed Makran apparently lacks air defense which is considered a major disadvantage 7 Service history EditCommercial service Edit For a flag of convenience she flew a Liberian flag during her entire career as a tanker her registered port being Monrovia The registered owner of Al Buhaira was Al Buhaira International Shipping Inc a company based in Dubai Later she was owned by Ionian Shipping Management LLC another Emirati company in Fujairah 3 On 4 March 2013 Somali pirates unsuccessfully attempted to hijack her while she was sailing in the Arabian Sea in the international waters in the vicinity of Mukalla 8 According to a report by International Maritime Organization f our skiffs with around six persons in each skiff approached the tanker from her port bow mid ships and astern A ladder and an RPG were sighted in the approaching skiffs subsequently the master raised the alarm took anti piracy measures informed UKMTO and all non essential crew retreated to the citadel Onboard armed security team fired warning shots resulting in the skiffs stopping the approach at a distance of around four cables from the ship 8 Military service Edit On 12 January 2021 she was officially commissioned into the navy 7 A day later she participated in a missile exercise in the Gulf of Oman 9 that included carrying commandos to the ship 6 In June 2021 Makran and the accompanying frigate IRIS Sahand were the first Iranian naval ships to reach the Atlantic without docking in an international port according to official Iranian sources 10 11 Early media report incorrectly suggested they were bound for Venezuela 12 but the ships were bound for Saint Petersburg to attend Navy Day to commemorate the 325th anniversary of the Russian Navy foundation Makran was reported to be carrying several Fast Attack Craft 13 See also Edit Iran portal Military portalShahid Roudaki a naval vessel with similar role in the other naval service of Iran IRGNC List of current ships of the Islamic Republic of Iran NavyReferences Edit Iran Unveils its Largest Naval Vessel Yet A Converted Tanker The Maritime Executive 14 January 2013 retrieved 14 January 2013 a b DiPaola Anthony 14 September 2012 U A E s FAL Oil Faces Forced Tanker Sale to Repay DVB Loan Bloomberg retrieved 13 January 2013 a b Al Buhaira 9486910 Miramar Ship Index Sutton H I 29 November 2020 New OSINT Iran Launches Another Forward Base Ship I R I N S Makran Covert Shores retrieved 13 January 2021 Sutton H I 21 December 2020 Iranian Navy s largest Ship I R I N S Makran Observed On Sea Trials Covert Shores retrieved 13 January 2021 a b c d Karimi Nasser 13 January 2021 Iran holds missile drill in Gulf of Oman amid tensions Associated Press retrieved 13 January 2021 a b c d e f g h i Newdick Thomas Iran Commissions Its Massive Oil Tanker Turned Sea Base Into Service The Drive Retrieved 2021 01 15 a b Report on Acts of Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships Acts Reported during March 2013 PDF International Maritime Organization no MSC 4 Circ 196 Annex 2 Acts of piracy and armed robbery allegedly attempted against ships reported by Member States or international organizations in consultative status page 1 of 2 29 April 2013 retrieved 13 January 2021 Iran Unveils its Largest Naval Vessel Yet A Converted Tanker The Maritime Executive Retrieved 2021 01 15 Salem Mostafa Alkhshali Hamdi Cotovio Vasco 11 June 2021 Iran says its naval vessels have reached the Atlantic for the first time CNN Retrieved 22 July 2021 Iranian navy destroyer and sea based deployed for the first time in Atlantic Ocean Navy Recognition 13 June 2021 Retrieved 22 July 2021 LaGrone Sam 11 June 2021 Iranian Warship Could Be Bringing Millions of Gallons of Fuel to Venezuela USNI News Retrieved 22 July 2021 LaGrone Sam 22 July 2021 Iran s Largest Warship Now in the Baltic Sea Bound for Russia USNI News Retrieved 22 July 2021 External links EditProfile at GlobalSecurity org Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title IRIS Makran amp oldid 1131178367, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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