The Vedic culture developed in India in 1500 BCE and 500 BCE.[8] After this period, the Vedic religion merged with local traditions and the renouncer traditions, resulting in the emergence of Hinduism,[9] which has had a profound impact on India's history, culture and philosophy. The name India itself is derived from SanskritSindhu, the historic local appellation for the Indus River.[10]
India saw the rule of both Hindu and Muslim rulers from c. 1200 CE to 1750 CE.[11] The fall of Vijayanagara Empire to Muslim sultans had marked the end of Hindu dominance in the Deccan. Hinduism once again rose to political prestige, under the Maratha Empire.[12][13]
The 1947 Partition of India gave rise to bloody rioting and indiscriminate inter-communal killing of Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs across the Indian subcontinent. As a result, an estimated 7.2 million Hindus and Sikhs moved to India and 7.5 million Muslims moved to Pakistan permanently, leading to demographic change of both the nations to a certain extent.[14]
"I find no parallel in history for a body of converts and their descendants claiming to be a nation apart from the parent stock."
— Mahatma Gandhi, opposing the division of India on the basis of religion in 1944.[15]
Hindu population decline in South Asian continentEdit
Hinduism dropped from 72% in British Raj of 1891[16] to 69% in 1921.[17] In 1941 British census, Hindus comprised 69.5% of Undivided India.[18] It further declined to 60% in Undivided India since Muslims would make 40% of Undivided India's population in 2023 if not patritioned.[19]
DemographicsEdit
The Hindu population has increased more than three times from 303,675,084 in 1951 to 966,257,353 in 2011, but the Hindu percentage share of total population has declined from 84.1% in 1951 to 79.8% in 2011.[20][21] When India achieved independence in 1947, Hindus formed 84% of the total population and pre-Partition British India had 73% of Hindus.[22]
Although the Constitution of India has declared the nation as a secular state with no state religion, it has been argued several times that the Indian state privileges Hinduism as state sponsored religion constitutionally, legislatively and culturally.[23][24] The original copy of the Indian constitution has an illustration of Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana in Part III on Fundamental Rights and Rama has been considered as the true guardian of people's rights.[25] Article 343 (1) of the Indian Constitution also states that, "The official language of the Union shall be Hindi in Devanagari script".[26] Also, Article 48 of Indian constitution prohibits the slaughter of cows or calves (a sacred animal in Hinduism) and it is a criminal offense in most of the states of India.[27][28]
^"By 2050, India to have world's largest populations of Hindus and Muslims". Pew Research Center. from the original on 22 April 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
^Olivelle, Patrick. "Moksha | Indian religion". Encyclopedia Britannica. from the original on 1 January 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
^. www.adherents.com. Archived from the original on 19 August 1999. Retrieved 13 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^N. Siegel, Paul (1986). The meek and the militant: religion and power across the world. Zed Books, 1987. ISBN9780862323493.
^Hoiberg, Dale (2000). Students' Britannica India. Popular Prakashan, 2000. ISBN9780852297605.
^"India", Oxford English Dictionary, second edition, 2100a.d. Oxford University Press.
^Neusner, Jacob (7 October 2009). World Religions in America, Fourth Edition. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 189. ISBN9781611640472. from the original on 24 August 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2017.
^Tinker, Hugh (1966). South Asia: A Short History. University of Hawaii Press. p. 18. ISBN9780824812874. from the original on 24 August 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2017.
^Ganesha on the Dashboard 15 December 2019 at the Wayback Machine p. 176, V. Raghunathan, M. A. Eswaran, Penguin
^Talbot, Ian; Singh, Gurharpal (23 July 2009). The Partition of India. Cambridge University Press. p. 2. ISBN978-0-521-85661-4. from the original on 13 December 2016. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
^Prof. Prasoon (1 January 2010). My Letters.... M.K.Gandhi. Pustak Mahal. p. 120. ISBN978-81-223-1109-9. from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
^Commissioner., India. Census (1 January 1893). "General report on the census of India, 1891: Census Reports - 1891". JSTOR saoa.crl.25352825.
^"Daily Consular and Trade Reports". Department of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of Manufactures. 1924.
^Ispahani, Farahnaz (30 January 2020). "Modi critics decry India mistreating minorities but mustn't whitewash Pakistan's Islamisation". ThePrint.
^Service, Statesman News (9 September 2019). "Partition & Hindus". The Statesman.
^"Key findings about the religious composition of India".
^"Census: Hindu share dips below 80%, Muslim share grows but slower". 24 January 2015.
^"Census: Hindu share dips below 80%, Muslim share grows but slower". 24 January 2015.
^"Why India is Not a Secular State". 3 February 2022.
^"Is there a Hindu bias in India's secular Constitution? A 2005 academic paper suggests as much".
^"Why painting of Ram in India's Constitution matters". 26 January 2021.
^"Declare India a 'Hindu Rashtra': Hindu convention resolution". Hindustan Times. 17 June 2017. from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
^"'Hindu Rashtra' draft proposes Varanasi as capital instead of Delhi". 13 August 2022.
^"India to become Hindu Rashtra by 2025, hints organiser of All India Hindu conference". 12 June 2022.
^"Plea in SC seeks to remove words 'socialist', 'secular' from Constitution's preamble". Firstpost. 29 July 2020. from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
External linksEdit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hinduism in India.
"Hinduism – Origins, Facts & Beliefs". History topics.
hinduism, india, hinduism, largest, religion, india, according, 2011, census, india, million, people, identify, hindu, representing, country, population, india, contains, global, hindu, population, indian, subcontinent, birthplace, four, world, major, religion. Hinduism is the largest religion in India 2 3 According to the 2011 Census of India 966 3 million people identify as Hindu 1 representing 79 8 of the country s population India contains 94 of the global Hindu population 4 5 The Indian subcontinent is the birthplace of four of the world s major religions namely Hinduism Buddhism Jainism and Sikhism collectively known as Indian religions that believe Moksha is the most supreme state of the Atman soul 6 The vast majority of Indian Hindus belong to Shaivite and Vaishnavite denominations 7 India is one of the three countries in the world Nepal and Mauritius being the other two where Hinduism is the dominant religion Indian HindusSri Krishna Balaram Mandir Vrindavan Uttar PradeshTotal population966 3 million 1 2011 79 80 of populationRegions with significant populationsUttar Pradesh159 312 654Maharashtra89 703 056Bihar86 078 686Madhya Pradesh66 007 121West Bengal64 385 546Tamil Nadu63 188 168Rajasthan60 657 103ScripturesVedas Puranas Upanishads Mahabharata incl Bhagavad Gita Ramayana and othersLanguagesSanskrit sacred Indian languages according to the region Contents 1 History of Hinduism 2 Partition of India 2 1 Hindu population decline in South Asian continent 3 Demographics 3 1 Hindu population by States and Territories 4 Law and politics 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksHistory of Hinduism EditMain article History of HinduismThe Vedic culture developed in India in 1500 BCE and 500 BCE 8 After this period the Vedic religion merged with local traditions and the renouncer traditions resulting in the emergence of Hinduism 9 which has had a profound impact on India s history culture and philosophy The name India itself is derived from Sanskrit Sindhu the historic local appellation for the Indus River 10 India saw the rule of both Hindu and Muslim rulers from c 1200 CE to 1750 CE 11 The fall of Vijayanagara Empire to Muslim sultans had marked the end of Hindu dominance in the Deccan Hinduism once again rose to political prestige under the Maratha Empire 12 13 Partition of India EditMain article Partition of India The 1947 Partition of India gave rise to bloody rioting and indiscriminate inter communal killing of Hindus Muslims and Sikhs across the Indian subcontinent As a result an estimated 7 2 million Hindus and Sikhs moved to India and 7 5 million Muslims moved to Pakistan permanently leading to demographic change of both the nations to a certain extent 14 I find no parallel in history for a body of converts and their descendants claiming to be a nation apart from the parent stock Mahatma Gandhi opposing the division of India on the basis of religion in 1944 15 Hindu population decline in South Asian continent Edit Hinduism dropped from 72 in British Raj of 1891 16 to 69 in 1921 17 In 1941 British census Hindus comprised 69 5 of Undivided India 18 It further declined to 60 in Undivided India since Muslims would make 40 of Undivided India s population in 2023 if not patritioned 19 Demographics EditThe Hindu population has increased more than three times from 303 675 084 in 1951 to 966 257 353 in 2011 but the Hindu percentage share of total population has declined from 84 1 in 1951 to 79 8 in 2011 20 21 When India achieved independence in 1947 Hindus formed 84 of the total population and pre Partition British India had 73 of Hindus 22 Historical Hindu PopulationYearPop 1951303 675 084 1961366 541 417 20 7 1971453 492 481 23 7 1981562 379 847 24 0 1991690 091 965 22 7 2001827 722 142 19 9 2011966 257 353 16 7 Source census of IndiaHindu population by States and Territories Edit See also Hindus by district in India nbsp Percentage of Hindus in each district Data derived from 2011 census Hindu population by state UT according to the 2011 census Region Hindus Total HindusIndia 966 257 353 1 210 854 977 79 80 Himachal Pradesh 6 532 765 6 864 602 95 17 Dadra and Nagar Haveli 322 857 343 709 93 93 Odisha 39 300 341 41 974 218 93 63 Chhattisgarh 23 819 789 25 545 198 93 25 Madhya Pradesh 66 007 121 72 626 809 90 89 Daman and Diu 220 150 243 247 90 50 Gujarat 53 533 988 60 439 692 88 57 Rajasthan 60 657 103 68 548 437 88 49 Andhra Pradesh 74 824 149 84 580 777 88 46 Tamil Nadu 63 188 168 72 147 030 87 58 Haryana 22 171 128 25 351 462 87 46 Puducherry 1 089 409 1 247 953 87 30 Karnataka 51 317 472 61 095 297 84 00 Tripura 3 063 903 3 673 917 83 40 Uttarakhand 8 368 636 10 086 292 82 97 Bihar 86 078 686 104 099 452 82 69 Delhi 13 712 100 16 787 941 81 68 Chandigarh 852 574 1 055 450 80 78 Maharashtra 89 703 056 112 374 333 79 83 Uttar Pradesh 159 312 654 199 812 341 79 73 West Bengal 64 385 546 91 276 115 70 54 Andaman and Nicobar Islands 264 296 380 581 69 45 Jharkhand 22 376 051 32 988 134 67 83 Goa 963 877 1 458 545 66 08 Assam 19 180 759 31 205 576 61 47 Sikkim 352 662 610 577 57 76 Kerala 18 282 492 33 406 061 54 73 Manipur 1 181 876 2 855 794 41 39 Punjab 10 678 138 27 743 338 38 49 Arunachal Pradesh 401 876 1 383 727 29 04 Jammu and Kashmir 3 566 674 12 541 302 28 44 Meghalaya 342 078 2 966 889 11 53 Nagaland 173 054 1 978 502 8 75 Lakshadweep 1 788 64 473 2 77 Mizoram 30 136 1 097 206 2 75 Law and politics EditAlthough the Constitution of India has declared the nation as a secular state with no state religion it has been argued several times that the Indian state privileges Hinduism as state sponsored religion constitutionally legislatively and culturally 23 24 The original copy of the Indian constitution has an illustration of Rama Sita and Lakshmana in Part III on Fundamental Rights and Rama has been considered as the true guardian of people s rights 25 Article 343 1 of the Indian Constitution also states that The official language of the Union shall be Hindi in Devanagari script 26 Also Article 48 of Indian constitution prohibits the slaughter of cows or calves a sacred animal in Hinduism and it is a criminal offense in most of the states of India 27 28 Most Right Wing Hindu organisations like RSS Bajrang Dal Vishwa Hindu Parishad have demanded that India should be declared a Hindu nation by constitution to safeguard the rights and life of Hindus in this largest democracy 29 30 31 As of 28 July 2020 there were pleas going on Supreme Court of India to remove the words secular and socialist from the Preamble to the Constitution of India 32 See also Edit nbsp Hinduism portal nbsp India portal nbsp Religion portalHinduism by country Religion in India Caste system in India Other Backward Class Hindus by district in India Hinduism in South India List of Hindu temples in India Freedom of religion in India Hindu Marriage Act 1955 Hindu Code BillsReferences Edit a b India s religions by numbers The Hindu 26 August 2015 Archived from the original on 15 November 2018 Retrieved 8 March 2021 via www thehindu com The Major Religions In India WorldAtlas 20 September 2020 Archived from the original on 24 February 2021 Retrieved 28 July 2021 Indian Culture Religion Cultural Atlas Archived from the original on 19 July 2021 Retrieved 28 July 2021 Hindus 18 December 2012 By 2050 India to have world s largest populations of Hindus and Muslims Pew Research Center Archived from the original on 22 April 2015 Retrieved 17 November 2020 Olivelle Patrick Moksha Indian religion Encyclopedia Britannica Archived from the original on 1 January 2021 Retrieved 6 January 2021 Major Branches of Religions www adherents com Archived from the original on 19 August 1999 Retrieved 13 August 2017 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link N Siegel Paul 1986 The meek and the militant religion and power across the world Zed Books 1987 ISBN 9780862323493 Hoiberg Dale 2000 Students Britannica India Popular Prakashan 2000 ISBN 9780852297605 India Oxford English Dictionary second edition 2100a d Oxford University Press Neusner Jacob 7 October 2009 World Religions in America Fourth Edition Westminster John Knox Press p 189 ISBN 9781611640472 Archived from the original on 24 August 2021 Retrieved 11 October 2017 Tinker Hugh 1966 South Asia A Short History University of Hawaii Press p 18 ISBN 9780824812874 Archived from the original on 24 August 2021 Retrieved 11 October 2017 Ganesha on the Dashboard Archived 15 December 2019 at the Wayback Machine p 176 V Raghunathan M A Eswaran Penguin Talbot Ian Singh Gurharpal 23 July 2009 The Partition of India Cambridge University Press p 2 ISBN 978 0 521 85661 4 Archived from the original on 13 December 2016 Retrieved 3 September 2021 Prof Prasoon 1 January 2010 My Letters M K Gandhi Pustak Mahal p 120 ISBN 978 81 223 1109 9 Archived from the original on 6 December 2019 Retrieved 28 December 2019 Commissioner India Census 1 January 1893 General report on the census of India 1891 Census Reports 1891 JSTOR saoa crl 25352825 Daily Consular and Trade Reports Department of Commerce and Labor Bureau of Manufactures 1924 Ispahani Farahnaz 30 January 2020 Modi critics decry India mistreating minorities but mustn t whitewash Pakistan s Islamisation ThePrint Service Statesman News 9 September 2019 Partition amp Hindus The Statesman Key findings about the religious composition of India Census Hindu share dips below 80 Muslim share grows but slower 24 January 2015 Census Hindu share dips below 80 Muslim share grows but slower 24 January 2015 Why India is Not a Secular State 3 February 2022 Is there a Hindu bias in India s secular Constitution A 2005 academic paper suggests as much Why painting of Ram in India s Constitution matters 26 January 2021 https indiankanoon org doc 1881449 bare URL Cow protection was a sensitive subject in India even when the Constitution was being framed https indiankanoon org doc 1452355 bare URL Declare India a Hindu Rashtra Hindu convention resolution Hindustan Times 17 June 2017 Archived from the original on 1 May 2021 Retrieved 2 September 2021 Hindu Rashtra draft proposes Varanasi as capital instead of Delhi 13 August 2022 India to become Hindu Rashtra by 2025 hints organiser of All India Hindu conference 12 June 2022 Plea in SC seeks to remove words socialist secular from Constitution s preamble Firstpost 29 July 2020 Archived from the original on 10 June 2021 Retrieved 2 September 2021 External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hinduism in India Hinduism Origins Facts amp Beliefs History topics History of Hinduism in India Khan Academy Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hinduism in India amp oldid 1173633274, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
