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Hamilton Clarke

James Hamilton Siree Clarke (25 January 1840 – 9 July 1912), better known as Hamilton Clarke, was an English conductor, composer and organist. Although Clarke was a prolific composer, he is best remembered as an associate of Arthur Sullivan, for whom he arranged music and compiled overtures for some of the Savoy Operas, including Gilbert and Sullivan's The Mikado.

Hamilton Clarke

Clarke began as an organist, pianist and theatre conductor, becoming a musical director for Gilbert and Sullivan, among others. While conducting at London theatres, he also composed a tremendous volume of church music, organ solos, songs, operettas and orchestral works. Beginning in the late 1870s, he composed incidental music as musical director for many of Henry Irving's spectacular productions at the Lyceum Theatre. He also composed music for many of the German Reed Entertainments and conducted at many other London theatres in the 1870s and 1880s. Clark published a Manual of Orchestration and music criticism, as well as some fiction. In 1889, he took charge of the Victorian National Orchestra in Australia, returning to England in 1892 and soon becoming conductor of the Carl Rosa Opera Company for several years.

Biography edit

Clarke was born in Birmingham, the son of an amateur organist.[1] He began playing the piano at age four, and by six had improvised a tune that he reused in one of his mature works forty years later.[1] He took up the violin when he was eight and played in an orchestra at twelve.[1] In the same year, he became the organist at his church and was composing music by age 19.[2] His parents did not approve of his taking music up as a profession, and he was sent to work first with an analytical chemist and then with a land surveyor.[1] According to The Musical Times, he did not take up music as a profession until he was in his twenties.[3] In 1864 he was awarded the first prize for anthems by the College of Organists.[2]

Early career edit

Clarke held posts as organist in Ireland[4] and was conductor of the Belfast Anacreontic Society.[2] From 1866 he was organist at Queen's College, Oxford, where he also conducted the Queen's College Musical Society.[5] After travelling for several years, he returned to London in 1871 and became the organist of Kensington Parish Church, London, and in 1872 he succeeded Arthur Sullivan as organist of St. Peter's, South Kensington.[3] He left that post soon, however, to become a theatrical conductor.

 
Richard D'Oyly Carte engaged Clarke as conductor in 1874

Clarke was Richard D'Oyly Carte's musical director and conductor at the Opera Comique in 1874 for The Broken Branch adapted from La Branche Cassée.[6] Clarke interpolated into the operetta a ballet of his own composition, "Les Prètresses de l'Amour".[7] In October 1875, Sullivan hired Clarke as a replacement musical director of Trial by Jury at the Royalty Theatre, London, when Charles Morton succeeded Carte as general manager of the opera's original production. Clarke then moved with the production to the Opera Comique in January 1876, where it ran until May.[5] In 1876 Clarke was reported to be suffering from "a long and painful illness", and Carte organised a benefit concert for him at the Langham Hall.[8] By December of that year, Clarke was working again, adapting the score and providing new choruses and ballet music for the first English performances of Die Fledermaus at the Alhambra Theatre.[9] The reviewer of The Observer found Strauss's music "thin and commonplace" and thought Clarke's additional music much superior: "in remarkable contrast to that with which it is associated, being full of bright, characteristic melody, well harmonised and enriched by masterly orchestration."[10] In 1877, Clarke participated in a very early experiment with telephony, with his organ playing being sent a distance of four miles down a wire.[11]

Clarke performed on the piano as an accompanist at the promenade concerts at Covent Garden that year,[12] and in 1878, encouraged by Sullivan, who was then in charge of the concerts, he conducted a major orchestral work of his own, a symphony in F major. The Times reported this concert thus:

Amateurs know that Mr Clarke is a composer of more than ordinary promise, and were, therefore, not surprised to hear a work of more than ordinary merit. The Symphony is in four movements, the first of which, allegro molto appassionato, constructed mainly upon two themes, combined and worked out with great ingenuity, fully bears out its title. The second movement, a larghetto, in the key of the subdominant, is of a more tranquil character, though diversified by episodes, and especially one, given out by the violoncellos, effectively contrasting with the leading subject. The third, molto grazioso, is a minuet, so graceful and tuneful that a more fitting designation could hardly be applied to it. It has also a most engaging alternativo equally noticeable. The finale, preceded by a kind of recitative, most effective in its place, is an allegro molto, full of vigour, instrumented for the orchestra with all varieties of combination and contrast, while preserving consistency throughout. The whole terminates effectively with a reference to the opening phrase of the allegro appassionato. The symphony was capitally played under the direction of its composer, to whom Mr Sullivan, who deserves much credit for having produced it, courteously yielded the baton.[13]

Theatre work edit

Clarke conducted at ten or more London theatres,[14] including the Lyceum Theatre, where he composed music for a number of Henry Irving's productions, including Hamlet and The Merchant of Venice.[3] Irving's co-star, Ellen Terry, wrote in her memoir, The Story of My Life, "No one was cleverer than Hamilton Clarke, Henry's first musical director, and a most gifted composer, at carrying out [Irving's] instructions. Hamilton Clarke often grew angry and flung out of the theatre, saying that it was quite impossible to do what Mr. Irving wanted. 'Patch it together, indeed!' he used to say to me indignantly.... 'Mr. Irving knows nothing about music, or he couldn't ask me to do such a thing.' But the next day he would return with the score altered on the lines suggested by Henry, and would confess that the music was improved. 'Upon my soul, it's better! The 'Guv'nor' was perfectly right.'"[15] He was one of the many composers recruited to write German Reed Entertainments at St. George's Hall.[16] These included Castle Botherem: or An Irish Stew (1880), Cherry Tree Farm (1881), and Nobody's Fault (1882) to texts by Arthur Law,[17][18][19] and Fairly Puzzled (text by Oliver Brand) in 1884[20] and A Pretty Bequest (text by T. Malcolm Watson) in 1885.[21] Reviews both for Clarke's music and the performances of Corney Grain and the rest of the company were excellent.[22]

 
Clarke's friend and associate, Arthur Sullivan

Clarke was a close associate of Arthur Sullivan. In 1878, at Sullivan's instance, he was engaged by Carte as musical director of his touring Comedy-Opera Company from March to November 1878, while the Company presented a revival of Trial, the first provincial production of The Sorcerer, and, from September 1878, the first provincial production of H.M.S. Pinafore.[5] He assisted Sullivan by arranging musical selections from H.M.S. Pinafore for the promenade concerts at Covent Garden in 1878 that stimulated audience interest in that opera. Sullivan described Clarke's arrangement as "most spirited" and conducted it at several of the promenade concerts in late August.[23][24] Clarke also made an arrangement from The Pirates of Penzance for the promenade concerts in 1880.[25]

Clarke later arranged the overtures for Gilbert and Sullivan's operas The Sorcerer (for its 1884 revival), The Mikado (1885) and Ruddigore (1887). He also assisted in the piano arrangement of Sullivan's 1886 cantata, The Golden Legend and helped prepare the score for printing.[26] Sullivan biographer Gervase Hughes later strongly criticised Clarke's work, finding the Mikado overture carelessly constructed and his Ruddigore overture a "jumble" and "a crude selection, hardly redeemed by its spirited ending". Hughes also criticised Clarke's overture to The Sorcerer, though misattributing it to Alfred Cellier.[27] Sullivan considered rewriting the Mikado overture[28] and was thought to have sketched out a new overture on more symphonic lines, but no trace of it survives.[29] Clarke's Ruddigore overture was dropped by the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company in 1919 in favour of a wholly rewritten overture by Geoffrey Toye.[30]

In 1882 Clarke provided the music for Lord Tennyson's play The Promise of May, which was "a miserable fiasco", though Clarke's music was praised.[31] He provided additional music, in 1883, for the English adaptation of Edmond Audran's Gillette de Narbonne.[32] He also contributed to the music of the successful 1885 burlesque Little Jack Sheppard. In 1887, he accepted the post of musical director at the Comedy Theatre under the management of Herbert Beerbohm Tree.[33]

Publications and compositions edit

 
1898 production of Clarke's operetta for boys, Hornpipe Harry

Clarke composed over 600 musical works, of which some 400 were published.[5] His second symphony, in G minor, premiered in 1879,[34] and he composed the music for some half dozen ballets and at least eleven operas.[2] Compositions by Clarke mentioned over the years in The Musical Times showed the breadth of his interests, from part-songs, to organ works, to comedy: "Love and Gold": Four-Part Song;[35] "Original Compositions for the Organ": No. 110;[36] Magnificat and Nunc Dimittis in B Flat;[37] "Sonatina for the Pianoforte";[38] "God so Loved the World";[39] "To the Audience: Humorous Four-Part Song;[40] "They That Go down to the Sea in Ships";[41] Romance for Violin and Pianoforte;[42] and "To a Red Rose".[43]

In 1894, Clarke published The Daisy-Chain (Op. 352), an operetta for children in two acts, for which he wrote both words and music.[44] He also wrote both the libretto and the score for Hornpipe Harry, in 1897, a well-reviewed show depicting the adventures of sailors cast ashore on a remote island.[45] One of his last compositions was the one-act operetta The Outpost, first produced by the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company at the Savoy Theatre in July 1900. It was produced as a curtain raiser to The Pirates of Penzance and Patience until December 1900 and also ran on tour in 1901–02.[5]

In 1888 Clarke published his Manual of Orchestration described by The Musical Times as an excellent little book. "As far as can be gathered, either from direct statements or implied directions, Gounod would be the model suggested for imitation, Wagner for avoidance."[46] Clarke's conservatism caused comment from other reviewers; The Musical Standard mocked him for denying that Wagner was a master of orchestration: "Mr. Clarke should re-edit his work, cutting out all this nonsense. It might then form an admirable book for the beginner".[47] Clarke also wrote several other books and articles about orchestration, as well as some fiction and song lyrics.[5]

Later life edit

In 1889, Clarke went to Australia, where he succeeded Frederick Cowen as conductor of the Victorian National Orchestra in Melbourne. He was also made inspector of Australian army bands, and given the honorary rank of captain.[48] He did not enjoy Melbourne; after returning to England in 1892, he gave a talk describing his experiences, giving "many valuable hints … to those who might think of accepting appointments in the Australian Colonies".[49] His comments drew a rejoinder from an Australian writer who accused him of "incompetence and lack of interest" while in Melbourne.[50]

Clarke was appointed conductor of the Carl Rosa Opera Company in 1893.[51] In 1899 he composed and conducted the incidental music for John Martin Harvey's adaptation of A Tale of Two Cities.[52] Clarke was forced to retire around 1901 because of failing eyesight.[5] In later life, Clarke suffered from health problems that affected his mind.[3] According to Ellen Terry, Clarke's "brilliant gifts... 'o'er-leaped' themselves, and he ended his days in a lunatic asylum."[15]

Clarke died at Banstead Asylum in Surrey in 1912, aged 72.[1]

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b c d e "Death of Mr. Hamilton Clarke", The Musical Herald, 1 August 1912, p. 237
  2. ^ a b c d Moratti, Mel. Clarke's profile from Argus, 20 May 1889, reprinted at the Gilbert and Sullivan Australia site
  3. ^ a b c d The Musical Times, 1 August 1912, p. 521
  4. ^ Mackerness, E. D. "Clarke, Hamilton", Grove Music Online, accessed 10 January 2009
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Stone, David. "Hamilton Clarke", 17 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine Who Was Who in the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, 15 October 2001
  6. ^ "Amusements", Le Follet: Journal du Grand Monde, Fashion, Polite Literature, Beaux Arts &c. &c., 1 September 1874
  7. ^ "Music and Drama", Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle, 26 September 1874
  8. ^ The Observer, 9 July 1876, p. 6
  9. ^ The Observer, 10 December 1876
  10. ^ The Observer, 24 December 1876, p. 5
  11. ^ The Observer, 15 July 1877, p. 3
  12. ^ The Times, 22 September 1873, p. 12
  13. ^ The Times, 26 August 1878, p. 4
  14. ^ Scowcroft, Philip L. "Some British Conductor-Composers, Part 6 (conclusion)", MusicWeb, February 1994
  15. ^ a b Marshall, Christabel. reprinted in Ellen Terry's Memoirs, pp. 121–22
  16. ^ Woodbridge Wilson, Fredric. "Thomas German Reed", Grove Music Online, accessed 10 January 2009
  17. ^ The Observer, 15 February 1880, p. 1
  18. ^ The Times, 2 June 1881, p. 8
  19. ^ The Times, 13 July 1882, p. 1
  20. ^ The Times, 14 June 1884, p. 1
  21. ^ The Times, 20 October 1885, p. 1
  22. ^ The Observer, 22 February 1880 p. 3; 5 June 1881 and 11 June 1882, p. 6
  23. ^ Jacobs, p. 122
  24. ^ Ainger, pp. 162–63
  25. ^ The Times, 21 September 1880, p. 8
  26. ^ Jacobs, p. 238
  27. ^ Hughes, pp. 131–32
  28. ^ Shepherd, Marc. "The Sadler's Wells Mikado (1962)," 12 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine A Gilbert and Sullivan Discography
  29. ^ Hughes, pp. 136–38
  30. ^ The Times, 25 October 1921, p. 8
  31. ^ The Observer, 12 November 1882, p. 6
  32. ^ "The Royalty", The Era, 24 November 1883, p. 6; "Royalty Theatre", The Daily News, 21 November 1883, p. 6; and "A New Comic Opera", The Pall Mall Gazette, 21 November 1883, p. 4
  33. ^ The Times, 18 April 1887, p. 12
  34. ^ The Observer, 7 September 1876, p. 6
  35. ^ The Musical Times, Vol. 40, No. 671 (1 January 1899)
  36. ^ The Musical Times, Vol. 30, No. 553 (1 March 1889), p. 170
  37. ^ The Musical Times, Vol. 18, No. 414 (1 August 1877), p. 393
  38. ^ The Musical Times, Vol. 18, No. 413 (1 July 1877), p. 347
  39. ^ The Musical Times, Vol. 15, No. 353 (1 July 1872), p. 533
  40. ^ The Musical Times, Vol. 34, No. 599 (1 January 1893), pp. 29–35
  41. ^ The Musical Times, Vol. 43, No. 709 (1 March 1902), p. 172
  42. ^ The Musical Times, Vol. 38, No. 658 (1 December 1897), p. 824
  43. ^ The Musical Times, Vol. 42, No. 706 (1 December 1901), p. 818
  44. ^ British Library catalogue
  45. ^ Kidner, Walter J, "Hornpipe Harry at Bristol", School Music Review, September 1898, p. 70
  46. ^ The Musical Times, 1 August 1888, p. 486
  47. ^ "The Study of the Orchestra", The Musical Standard, 2 January 1897, p. 15
  48. ^ The Observer, 22 February 1891, p. 6
  49. ^ "Royal College of Organists", Musical News, 9 December 1893, p. 500
  50. ^ G. G. M.,"Music in Australia", Magazine of Music, June 1894, p. 129
  51. ^ The Manchester Guardian, 24 June 1893, p. 3
  52. ^ "'The Only Way'", The Bury and Horwich Post, 23 May 1899, p. 6

References edit

  • Ainger, Michael (2002). Gilbert and Sullivan – A Dual Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-514769-3.
  • Hughes, Gervase (1960). The Music of Arthur Sullivan. London: Macmillan.
  • Jacobs, Arthur (1986). Arthur Sullivan – A Victorian Musician. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-282033-8.
  • Scowcroft, Philip. "Hamilton Clarke," Sir Arthur Sullivan Society Magazine, No. 22 (Spring 1986)
  • Scowcroft, Philip. "Hamilton Clarke: Composer, Organist, Conductor and Assistant to Sir Arthur Sullivan", The Gaiety, Issue 1: Spring 2003

External links edit

hamilton, clarke, james, hamilton, siree, clarke, january, 1840, july, 1912, better, known, english, conductor, composer, organist, although, clarke, prolific, composer, best, remembered, associate, arthur, sullivan, whom, arranged, music, compiled, overtures,. James Hamilton Siree Clarke 25 January 1840 9 July 1912 better known as Hamilton Clarke was an English conductor composer and organist Although Clarke was a prolific composer he is best remembered as an associate of Arthur Sullivan for whom he arranged music and compiled overtures for some of the Savoy Operas including Gilbert and Sullivan s The Mikado Hamilton ClarkeClarke began as an organist pianist and theatre conductor becoming a musical director for Gilbert and Sullivan among others While conducting at London theatres he also composed a tremendous volume of church music organ solos songs operettas and orchestral works Beginning in the late 1870s he composed incidental music as musical director for many of Henry Irving s spectacular productions at the Lyceum Theatre He also composed music for many of the German Reed Entertainments and conducted at many other London theatres in the 1870s and 1880s Clark published a Manual of Orchestration and music criticism as well as some fiction In 1889 he took charge of the Victorian National Orchestra in Australia returning to England in 1892 and soon becoming conductor of the Carl Rosa Opera Company for several years Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Early career 1 2 Theatre work 1 3 Publications and compositions 1 4 Later life 2 Notes 3 References 4 External linksBiography editClarke was born in Birmingham the son of an amateur organist 1 He began playing the piano at age four and by six had improvised a tune that he reused in one of his mature works forty years later 1 He took up the violin when he was eight and played in an orchestra at twelve 1 In the same year he became the organist at his church and was composing music by age 19 2 His parents did not approve of his taking music up as a profession and he was sent to work first with an analytical chemist and then with a land surveyor 1 According to The Musical Times he did not take up music as a profession until he was in his twenties 3 In 1864 he was awarded the first prize for anthems by the College of Organists 2 Early career edit Clarke held posts as organist in Ireland 4 and was conductor of the Belfast Anacreontic Society 2 From 1866 he was organist at Queen s College Oxford where he also conducted the Queen s College Musical Society 5 After travelling for several years he returned to London in 1871 and became the organist of Kensington Parish Church London and in 1872 he succeeded Arthur Sullivan as organist of St Peter s South Kensington 3 He left that post soon however to become a theatrical conductor nbsp Richard D Oyly Carte engaged Clarke as conductor in 1874Clarke was Richard D Oyly Carte s musical director and conductor at the Opera Comique in 1874 for The Broken Branch adapted from La Branche Cassee 6 Clarke interpolated into the operetta a ballet of his own composition Les Pretresses de l Amour 7 In October 1875 Sullivan hired Clarke as a replacement musical director of Trial by Jury at the Royalty Theatre London when Charles Morton succeeded Carte as general manager of the opera s original production Clarke then moved with the production to the Opera Comique in January 1876 where it ran until May 5 In 1876 Clarke was reported to be suffering from a long and painful illness and Carte organised a benefit concert for him at the Langham Hall 8 By December of that year Clarke was working again adapting the score and providing new choruses and ballet music for the first English performances of Die Fledermaus at the Alhambra Theatre 9 The reviewer of The Observer found Strauss s music thin and commonplace and thought Clarke s additional music much superior in remarkable contrast to that with which it is associated being full of bright characteristic melody well harmonised and enriched by masterly orchestration 10 In 1877 Clarke participated in a very early experiment with telephony with his organ playing being sent a distance of four miles down a wire 11 Clarke performed on the piano as an accompanist at the promenade concerts at Covent Garden that year 12 and in 1878 encouraged by Sullivan who was then in charge of the concerts he conducted a major orchestral work of his own a symphony in F major The Times reported this concert thus Amateurs know that Mr Clarke is a composer of more than ordinary promise and were therefore not surprised to hear a work of more than ordinary merit The Symphony is in four movements the first of which allegro molto appassionato constructed mainly upon two themes combined and worked out with great ingenuity fully bears out its title The second movement a larghetto in the key of the subdominant is of a more tranquil character though diversified by episodes and especially one given out by the violoncellos effectively contrasting with the leading subject The third molto grazioso is a minuet so graceful and tuneful that a more fitting designation could hardly be applied to it It has also a most engaging alternativo equally noticeable The finale preceded by a kind of recitative most effective in its place is an allegro molto full of vigour instrumented for the orchestra with all varieties of combination and contrast while preserving consistency throughout The whole terminates effectively with a reference to the opening phrase of the allegro appassionato The symphony was capitally played under the direction of its composer to whom Mr Sullivan who deserves much credit for having produced it courteously yielded the baton 13 Theatre work edit Clarke conducted at ten or more London theatres 14 including the Lyceum Theatre where he composed music for a number of Henry Irving s productions including Hamlet and The Merchant of Venice 3 Irving s co star Ellen Terry wrote in her memoir The Story of My Life No one was cleverer than Hamilton Clarke Henry s first musical director and a most gifted composer at carrying out Irving s instructions Hamilton Clarke often grew angry and flung out of the theatre saying that it was quite impossible to do what Mr Irving wanted Patch it together indeed he used to say to me indignantly Mr Irving knows nothing about music or he couldn t ask me to do such a thing But the next day he would return with the score altered on the lines suggested by Henry and would confess that the music was improved Upon my soul it s better The Guv nor was perfectly right 15 He was one of the many composers recruited to write German Reed Entertainments at St George s Hall 16 These included Castle Botherem or An Irish Stew 1880 Cherry Tree Farm 1881 and Nobody s Fault 1882 to texts by Arthur Law 17 18 19 and Fairly Puzzled text by Oliver Brand in 1884 20 and A Pretty Bequest text by T Malcolm Watson in 1885 21 Reviews both for Clarke s music and the performances of Corney Grain and the rest of the company were excellent 22 nbsp Clarke s friend and associate Arthur SullivanClarke was a close associate of Arthur Sullivan In 1878 at Sullivan s instance he was engaged by Carte as musical director of his touring Comedy Opera Company from March to November 1878 while the Company presented a revival of Trial the first provincial production of The Sorcerer and from September 1878 the first provincial production of H M S Pinafore 5 He assisted Sullivan by arranging musical selections from H M S Pinafore for the promenade concerts at Covent Garden in 1878 that stimulated audience interest in that opera Sullivan described Clarke s arrangement as most spirited and conducted it at several of the promenade concerts in late August 23 24 Clarke also made an arrangement from The Pirates of Penzance for the promenade concerts in 1880 25 Clarke later arranged the overtures for Gilbert and Sullivan s operas The Sorcerer for its 1884 revival The Mikado 1885 and Ruddigore 1887 He also assisted in the piano arrangement of Sullivan s 1886 cantata The Golden Legend and helped prepare the score for printing 26 Sullivan biographer Gervase Hughes later strongly criticised Clarke s work finding the Mikado overture carelessly constructed and his Ruddigore overture a jumble and a crude selection hardly redeemed by its spirited ending Hughes also criticised Clarke s overture to The Sorcerer though misattributing it to Alfred Cellier 27 Sullivan considered rewriting the Mikado overture 28 and was thought to have sketched out a new overture on more symphonic lines but no trace of it survives 29 Clarke s Ruddigore overture was dropped by the D Oyly Carte Opera Company in 1919 in favour of a wholly rewritten overture by Geoffrey Toye 30 In 1882 Clarke provided the music for Lord Tennyson s play The Promise of May which was a miserable fiasco though Clarke s music was praised 31 He provided additional music in 1883 for the English adaptation of Edmond Audran s Gillette de Narbonne 32 He also contributed to the music of the successful 1885 burlesque Little Jack Sheppard In 1887 he accepted the post of musical director at the Comedy Theatre under the management of Herbert Beerbohm Tree 33 Publications and compositions edit nbsp 1898 production of Clarke s operetta for boys Hornpipe HarryClarke composed over 600 musical works of which some 400 were published 5 His second symphony in G minor premiered in 1879 34 and he composed the music for some half dozen ballets and at least eleven operas 2 Compositions by Clarke mentioned over the years in The Musical Times showed the breadth of his interests from part songs to organ works to comedy Love and Gold Four Part Song 35 Original Compositions for the Organ No 110 36 Magnificat and Nunc Dimittis in B Flat 37 Sonatina for the Pianoforte 38 God so Loved the World 39 To the Audience Humorous Four Part Song 40 They That Go down to the Sea in Ships 41 Romance for Violin and Pianoforte 42 and To a Red Rose 43 In 1894 Clarke published The Daisy Chain Op 352 an operetta for children in two acts for which he wrote both words and music 44 He also wrote both the libretto and the score for Hornpipe Harry in 1897 a well reviewed show depicting the adventures of sailors cast ashore on a remote island 45 One of his last compositions was the one act operetta The Outpost first produced by the D Oyly Carte Opera Company at the Savoy Theatre in July 1900 It was produced as a curtain raiser to The Pirates of Penzance and Patience until December 1900 and also ran on tour in 1901 02 5 In 1888 Clarke published his Manual of Orchestration described by The Musical Times as an excellent little book As far as can be gathered either from direct statements or implied directions Gounod would be the model suggested for imitation Wagner for avoidance 46 Clarke s conservatism caused comment from other reviewers The Musical Standard mocked him for denying that Wagner was a master of orchestration Mr Clarke should re edit his work cutting out all this nonsense It might then form an admirable book for the beginner 47 Clarke also wrote several other books and articles about orchestration as well as some fiction and song lyrics 5 Later life edit In 1889 Clarke went to Australia where he succeeded Frederick Cowen as conductor of the Victorian National Orchestra in Melbourne He was also made inspector of Australian army bands and given the honorary rank of captain 48 He did not enjoy Melbourne after returning to England in 1892 he gave a talk describing his experiences giving many valuable hints to those who might think of accepting appointments in the Australian Colonies 49 His comments drew a rejoinder from an Australian writer who accused him of incompetence and lack of interest while in Melbourne 50 Clarke was appointed conductor of the Carl Rosa Opera Company in 1893 51 In 1899 he composed and conducted the incidental music for John Martin Harvey s adaptation of A Tale of Two Cities 52 Clarke was forced to retire around 1901 because of failing eyesight 5 In later life Clarke suffered from health problems that affected his mind 3 According to Ellen Terry Clarke s brilliant gifts o er leaped themselves and he ended his days in a lunatic asylum 15 Clarke died at Banstead Asylum in Surrey in 1912 aged 72 1 Notes edit a b c d e Death of Mr Hamilton Clarke The Musical Herald 1 August 1912 p 237 a b c d Moratti Mel Clarke s profile from Argus 20 May 1889 reprinted at the Gilbert and Sullivan Australia site a b c d The Musical Times 1 August 1912 p 521 Mackerness E D Clarke Hamilton Grove Music Online accessed 10 January 2009 a b c d e f g Stone David Hamilton Clarke Archived 17 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine Who Was Who in the D Oyly Carte Opera Company 15 October 2001 Amusements Le Follet Journal du Grand Monde Fashion Polite Literature Beaux Arts amp c amp c 1 September 1874 Music and Drama Bell s Life in London and Sporting Chronicle 26 September 1874 The Observer 9 July 1876 p 6 The Observer 10 December 1876 The Observer 24 December 1876 p 5 The Observer 15 July 1877 p 3 The Times 22 September 1873 p 12 The Times 26 August 1878 p 4 Scowcroft Philip L Some British Conductor Composers Part 6 conclusion MusicWeb February 1994 a b Marshall Christabel reprinted in Ellen Terry s Memoirs pp 121 22 Woodbridge Wilson Fredric Thomas German Reed Grove Music Online accessed 10 January 2009 The Observer 15 February 1880 p 1 The Times 2 June 1881 p 8 The Times 13 July 1882 p 1 The Times 14 June 1884 p 1 The Times 20 October 1885 p 1 The Observer 22 February 1880 p 3 5 June 1881 and 11 June 1882 p 6 Jacobs p 122 Ainger pp 162 63 The Times 21 September 1880 p 8 Jacobs p 238 Hughes pp 131 32 Shepherd Marc The Sadler s Wells Mikado 1962 Archived 12 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine A Gilbert and Sullivan Discography Hughes pp 136 38 The Times 25 October 1921 p 8 The Observer 12 November 1882 p 6 The Royalty The Era 24 November 1883 p 6 Royalty Theatre The Daily News 21 November 1883 p 6 and A New Comic Opera The Pall Mall Gazette 21 November 1883 p 4 The Times 18 April 1887 p 12 The Observer 7 September 1876 p 6 The Musical Times Vol 40 No 671 1 January 1899 The Musical Times Vol 30 No 553 1 March 1889 p 170 The Musical Times Vol 18 No 414 1 August 1877 p 393 The Musical Times Vol 18 No 413 1 July 1877 p 347 The Musical Times Vol 15 No 353 1 July 1872 p 533 The Musical Times Vol 34 No 599 1 January 1893 pp 29 35 The Musical Times Vol 43 No 709 1 March 1902 p 172 The Musical Times Vol 38 No 658 1 December 1897 p 824 The Musical Times Vol 42 No 706 1 December 1901 p 818 British Library catalogue Kidner Walter J Hornpipe Harry at Bristol School Music Review September 1898 p 70 The Musical Times 1 August 1888 p 486 The Study of the Orchestra The Musical Standard 2 January 1897 p 15 The Observer 22 February 1891 p 6 Royal College of Organists Musical News 9 December 1893 p 500 G G M Music in Australia Magazine of Music June 1894 p 129 The Manchester Guardian 24 June 1893 p 3 The Only Way The Bury and Horwich Post 23 May 1899 p 6References editAinger Michael 2002 Gilbert and Sullivan A Dual Biography Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 514769 3 Hughes Gervase 1960 The Music of Arthur Sullivan London Macmillan Jacobs Arthur 1986 Arthur Sullivan A Victorian Musician Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 282033 8 Scowcroft Philip Hamilton Clarke Sir Arthur Sullivan Society Magazine No 22 Spring 1986 Scowcroft Philip Hamilton Clarke Composer Organist Conductor and Assistant to Sir Arthur Sullivan The Gaiety Issue 1 Spring 2003External links editWorks by or about Hamilton Clarke at Internet Archive Free scores by Hamilton Clarke at the International Music Score Library Project IMSLP Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hamilton Clarke amp oldid 1146538298, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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