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Myosotis

November 25, 2023

For muscle inflammation, see Myositis.
"Forget me not" redirects here. For other uses, see Forget me not (disambiguation).

Myosotis (/ˌmaɪəˈsoʊtɪs/ MY-ə-SOH-tiss[2]) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae. The name comes from the Ancient Greek μυοσωτίς "mouse's ear", which the foliage is thought to resemble.[3] In the Northern Hemisphere,[citation needed] they are colloquially known as forget-me-nots or scorpion grasses. Myosotis alpestris is the official flower of Alaska[4] and Dalsland, Sweden. Plants of the genus are commonly confused with Chatham Islands' forget-me-nots, which belong to the related genus Myosotidium.

Description edit

The genus was originally described by Carl Linnaeus. The type species is Myosotis scorpioides. Myosotis species are annual or perennial, herbaceous, flowering plants with pentamerous actinomorphic flowers with five sepals and petals.[3] Flowers are typically 1 cm in diameter or less, flatly faced, coloured blue, pink, white or yellow with yellow centres and borne on scorpioid cymes. Their foliage is alternate, and their roots are generally diffuse. They typically flower in spring or soon after the melting of snow in alpine ecosystems.

 
Myosotis sylvatica

The seeds are contained in small, tulip-shaped pods along the stem to the flower. The pods attach to clothing when brushed against and eventually fall off, leaving the small seed within the pod to germinate elsewhere. Seeds can be collected by placing a sheet of paper under stems and shaking the seed pods onto the paper.

Myosotis scorpioides is colloquially called scorpion grass because of the spiraling curvature of its inflorescence.[3]

Distribution edit

The genus is largely restricted to western Eurasia, with about 60 confirmed species,[citation needed] and New Zealand with around 40 endemic species.[5] A few species occur elsewhere, including North America, South America, and Papua New Guinea.[6] Despite this, Myosotis species are now common throughout temperate latitudes because of the introduction of cultivars and alien species. Many are popular in horticulture. They prefer moist habitats. In locales where they are not native, they frequently escape to wetlands and riverbanks. Only those native to the Northern Hemisphere are colloquially called "forget-me-nots".[citation needed]

One or two European species, especially Myosotis sylvatica, the "woodland" forget-me-not, have been introduced into most of the temperate regions of Europe, Asia, and the Americas.

Genetic analysis indicates that the genus originated in the Northern Hemisphere, and that species native to New Zealand, Australia, New Guinea, and South America form a lineage of closely related species that are likely derived from a single dispersal event to the Southern Hemisphere.[6][7]

Ecology edit

 
Hover fly (Sphaerophoria scripta) feeding on a Myosotis flower

Myosotis species are food for the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the setaceous Hebrew character. Many of the species in New Zealand are threatened.[8]

Taxonomy edit

Of more than 510 recorded species names, only 152 species are presently accepted, listed below.[9] The remainder are either synonyms or hybrids of presently accepted or proposed names.[10][11]

Gallery edit

Symbolism edit

The small, blue forget-me-not flower was first used by the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne, in 1926, as a Masonic emblem at the annual convention in Bremen, Germany. In 1938, a forget-me-not badge—made by the same factory as the Masonic badge—was chosen for the annual Nazi Party Winterhilfswerk, the annual charity drive of the National Socialist People's Welfare, the welfare branch of the Nazi party. This coincidence enabled Freemasons to wear the forget-me-not badge as a secret sign of membership.[12][better source needed][13]

After World War II, the forget-me-not flower was used again as a Masonic emblem in 1948 at the first Annual Convention of the United Grand Lodges of Germany. The badge is now worn in the coat lapel by Freemasons around the world to remember all who suffered in the name of Freemasonry, especially those during the Nazi era.[14]

The flower is also used as a symbol of remembrance by the people of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is used to commemorate those from the province who were killed in the First World War, and worn around July 1.[citation needed]

It is also used in Germany to commemorate the fallen soldiers of the world wars in a similar manner to the use of remembrance poppies in the UK.[citation needed]

The flower is also the symbol for the Armenian genocide's 100th anniversary. The design of the flower is a black dot symbolising the past, and the suffering of Armenian people. The light purple appendages symbolise the present, and unity of Armenians. The five purple petals symbolise the future, and the five continents to which Armenians escaped. The yellow in the centre symbolises eternity, and the Tsitsernakaberd itself symbolises the 12 provinces lost to Turkey.[15]

In Lithuania, the flower has become one of the symbols for the commemoration of the January events of 1991.[16]

In the Netherlands, the forget-me-not has become a symbol for Alzheimer Nederland, a foundation advocating for people suffering from dementia.

In New Zealand, the forget-me-not is the symbol for Alzheimers New Zealand, the foundation advocating for people suffering from Alzheimer's disease and dementia.[17]

In history of art, the forget-me-not is used to remember loved ones who have died, so is very common in funerary portraits.

References edit

  1. ^ Lehnebach, C. (2012). "Lectotypification of three species of forget-me-nots (Myosotis: Boraginaceae) from Australasia". Tuhinga. 23: 17–28.
  2. ^ "Myosotis". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  3. ^ a b c Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Forget-me-not" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 663.
  4. ^ "Alaska Kid's Corner". State of Alaska. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
  5. ^ "Flora of New Zealand | Taxon Profile | Myosotis". www.nzflora.info.
  6. ^ a b Winkworth, Richard C.; Grau, Jürke; Robertson, Alastair W.; Lockhart, Peter J. (2002). "The Origins and Evolution of the Genus Myosotis L. (Boraginaceae)" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 24 (2): 180–93. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00210-5. PMID 12144755.
  7. ^ Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M.; Lehnebach, Carlos A. (7 November 2014). "Native New Zealand forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae) comprise a Pleistocene species radiation with very low genetic divergence". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 301 (5): 1455–1471. doi:10.1007/s00606-014-1166-x. ISSN 0378-2697. S2CID 14686750.
  8. ^ Lehnebach, Carlos A. (21 August 2012). "Two new species of forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae) from New Zealand". PhytoKeys (16): 53–64. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.16.3602. PMC 3492931. PMID 23233811.
  9. ^ "Myosotis L.". Plants of the world online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 September 2022.
  10. ^ "Species in Myosotis". The Plant List. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 September 2022.
  11. ^ "Home". www.worldfloraonline.org. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
  12. ^ "Das Vergissmeinnicht-Abzeichen und die Freimaurerei". www.internetloge.de (in German). from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  13. ^ Bernheim, Alain. ""The Blue Forget-Me-Not": Another Side of the Story". Pietre-Stones Review of Freemasonry. from the original on 30 January 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  14. ^ "The Story Behind Forget Me Not Emblem!". Masonic Network Blog. 11 December 2009. from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  15. ^ "Հայոց ցեղասպանության 100-րդ տարելիցի խորհրդանիշը անմոռուկ ծաղիկն է, կարգախոսը՝ "Հիշում եմ և պահանջում"". www.armenpress.am (in Armenian). Armenpress. from the original on 28 May 2014. Retrieved 28 February 2021.
  16. ^ "Flower of discord: Lithuanian politicians clash over forget-me-not symbol". lrt.lt. 4 February 2020. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
  17. ^ "Home". Alzheimers New Zealand. Retrieved 15 June 2021.

November 25, 2023
myosotis, muscle, inflammation, myositis, forget, redirects, here, other, uses, forget, disambiguation, tiss, genus, flowering, plants, family, boraginaceae, name, comes, from, ancient, greek, μυοσωτίς, mouse, which, foliage, thought, resemble, northern, hemis. For muscle inflammation see Myositis Forget me not redirects here For other uses see Forget me not disambiguation Myosotis ˌ m aɪ e ˈ s oʊ t ɪ s MY e SOH tiss 2 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae The name comes from the Ancient Greek myoswtis mouse s ear which the foliage is thought to resemble 3 In the Northern Hemisphere citation needed they are colloquially known as forget me nots or scorpion grasses Myosotis alpestris is the official flower of Alaska 4 and Dalsland Sweden Plants of the genus are commonly confused with Chatham Islands forget me nots which belong to the related genus Myosotidium MyosotisMyosotis arvensisScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade AsteridsOrder BoraginalesFamily BoraginaceaeSubfamily BoraginoideaeGenus MyosotisL Type speciesMyosotis scorpioidesL 1 Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 Ecology 4 Taxonomy 5 Gallery 6 Symbolism 7 ReferencesDescription editThe genus was originally described by Carl Linnaeus The type species is Myosotis scorpioides Myosotis species are annual or perennial herbaceous flowering plants with pentamerous actinomorphic flowers with five sepals and petals 3 Flowers are typically 1 cm in diameter or less flatly faced coloured blue pink white or yellow with yellow centres and borne on scorpioid cymes Their foliage is alternate and their roots are generally diffuse They typically flower in spring or soon after the melting of snow in alpine ecosystems nbsp Myosotis sylvaticaThe seeds are contained in small tulip shaped pods along the stem to the flower The pods attach to clothing when brushed against and eventually fall off leaving the small seed within the pod to germinate elsewhere Seeds can be collected by placing a sheet of paper under stems and shaking the seed pods onto the paper Myosotis scorpioides is colloquially called scorpion grass because of the spiraling curvature of its inflorescence 3 Distribution editThe genus is largely restricted to western Eurasia with about 60 confirmed species citation needed and New Zealand with around 40 endemic species 5 A few species occur elsewhere including North America South America and Papua New Guinea 6 Despite this Myosotis species are now common throughout temperate latitudes because of the introduction of cultivars and alien species Many are popular in horticulture They prefer moist habitats In locales where they are not native they frequently escape to wetlands and riverbanks Only those native to the Northern Hemisphere are colloquially called forget me nots citation needed One or two European species especially Myosotis sylvatica the woodland forget me not have been introduced into most of the temperate regions of Europe Asia and the Americas Genetic analysis indicates that the genus originated in the Northern Hemisphere and that species native to New Zealand Australia New Guinea and South America form a lineage of closely related species that are likely derived from a single dispersal event to the Southern Hemisphere 6 7 Ecology edit nbsp Hover fly Sphaerophoria scripta feeding on a Myosotis flowerMyosotis species are food for the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the setaceous Hebrew character Many of the species in New Zealand are threatened 8 Taxonomy editOf more than 510 recorded species names only 152 species are presently accepted listed below 9 The remainder are either synonyms or hybrids of presently accepted or proposed names 10 11 Myosotis abyssinica Boiss amp Reut Myosotis afropalustris C H Wright Myosotis albicans Riedl Myosotis albiflora Banks amp Sol ex Hook f Myosotis albosericea Hook f Myosotis alpestris F W Schmidt alpine forget me not Myosotis amabilis Cheeseman Myosotis ambigens Beg Grau Myosotis angustata Cheeseman Myosotis anomala Riedl Myosotis antarctica Hook f Myosotis arnoldii L B Moore Myosotis arvensis L Hill field forget me not Myosotis asiatica Vestergr ex Hulten Schischk amp Serg Asiatic forget me not Myosotis atlantica Vestergr Myosotis australis R Br Myosotis austrosibirica O D Nikif Myosotis azorica H C Watson Azores forget me not Myosotis baicalensis O D Nikif Myosotis balbisiana Jord Myosotis bothriospermoides Kitag Myosotis brachypoda Gren Myosotis brevis de Lange amp Barkla Myosotis brockiei L B Moore amp M J A Simpson Myosotis bryonoma Meudt Prebble amp Thorsen Myosotis butorinae Stepanov Myosotis cadmea Kitag Myosotis cameroonensis Cheek amp R Becker Myosotis capitata Hook f Myosotis chaffeyorum Lehnebach Myosotis chakassica O D Nikif Myosotis cheesemanii Petrie Myosotis cinerascens Petrie Myosotis colensoi Kirk J F Macbr Myosotis concinna Cheeseman Myosotis congesta Shuttlew Myosotis corsicana Fiori Grau Myosotis czekanowskii Trautv Kamelin amp V N Tikhom Myosotis daralaghezica T N Popova Myosotis debilis Pomel Myosotis decumbens Host Myosotis diminuta Grau Myosotis discolor Pers changing forget me not Myosotis densiflora C Koch Myosotis dissitiflora Baker Myosotis ergakensis Stepanov Myosotis exarrhena F Muell Myosotis eximia Petrie Myosotis explanata Cheeseman Myosotis forsteri Lehm Myosotis gallica Vestergr Myosotis galpinii C H Wright Myosotis glabrescens L B Moore Myosotis glauca G Simpson amp J S Thomson de Lange amp Barkla Myosotis goyenii Petrie Myosotis graminifolia DC Myosotis graui Selvi Myosotis guneri A P Khokhr Myosotis heteropoda Trautv Myosotis hikuwai Meudt Prebble amp G M Rogers Myosotis imitata Serg Myosotis incrassata Guss Myosotis jenissejensis O D Nikif Myosotis jordanovii N Andreev amp Peev Myosotis kamelinii O D Nikif Myosotis kazakhstanica O D Nikif Myosotis kebeshensis Stepanov Myosotis keniensis T C E Fr Myosotis koelzii Riedl Myosotis kolakovskyi A P Khokhr Myosotis krasnoborovii O D Nikif amp Lomon Myosotis krylovii Serg Myosotis kurdica Riedl Myosotis laeta Cheeseman Myosotis laingii Cheeseman Myosotis latifolia Poir broadleaf forget me not Myosotis laxa Lehm tufted forget me not or bay forget me not Myosotis lazica Popov Myosotis lithospermifolia Hornem Myosotis lithuanica Schmalh Besser ex Dobrocz Myosotis litoralis Steven ex M Bieb Myosotis ludomilae Zaver Myosotis lyallii Hook f Myosotis macrantha Hook f Benth amp Hook f Myosotis macrosiphon Font Quer amp Maire Myosotis macrosperma Engelm largeseed forget me not Myosotis magniflora A P Khokhr Myosotis margaritae Stepankova Myosotis maritima Hochst ex Seub Myosotis martini Sennen Myosotis matthewsii L B Moore Myosotis michaelae Stepankova Myosotis micrantha Pall ex Lehm Myosotis minutiflora Boiss amp Reut Myosotis monroi Cheeseman Monro s forget me not Myosotis nemorosa Besser Myosotis nikiforovae Stepanov Myosotis ochotensis O D Nikif Myosotis olympica Boiss Myosotis oreophila Petrie Myosotis pansa L B Moore Meudt Prebble R J Stanley amp Thorsen Myosotis paucipilosa Grau Ristow amp Hand Myosotis persoonii Georges RouyRouy amp E G Camus Myosotis petiolata Hook f Myosotis platyphylla Boiss Myosotis popovii Dobrocz Myosotis pottsiana L B Moore Meudt Prebble R J Stanley amp Thorsen Myosotis propinqua Turcz Fisch amp C A Mey Myosotis pulvinaris Hook f Myosotis pusilla Loisel Myosotis radix palaris A P Khokhr Myosotis ramosissima Rochel early forget me not Myosotis rakiura L B Moore Myosotis refracta Boiss Myosotis rehsteineri Hausm Wartm ex Reut Myosotis retrorsa Meudt Prebble amp Hindmarsh Walls Myosotis rivularis Vestergr A P Khokhr Myosotis robusta D Don Myosotis sajanensis O D Nikif Myosotis saxatilis Petrie Myosotis saxosa Hook f Myosotis schistosa A P Khokhr Myosotis schmakovii O D Nikif Myosotis scorpioides L true forget me not Myosotis secunda Al Murray creeping forget me not Myosotis semiamplexicaulis DC Myosotis sicula Guss Jersey forget me not Myosotis solange Greuter amp Zaffran Myosotis soleirolii Godr Myosotis sparsiflora J C Mikan ex Pohl Myosotis spatulata G Forst Myosotis speciosa Pomel Myosotis speluncicola Schott ex Boiss Myosotis stenophylla Knaf Myosotis stolonifera J Gay ex DC J Gay ex Leresche amp Levier Myosotis stricta Link ex Roem amp Schult Myosotis suavis Petrie Myosotis subcordata Riedl Myosotis sylvatica Ehrh ex Hoffm wood forget me not Myosotis tenericaulis Petrie Myosotis taverae Valdes Myosotis tineoi C Brullo amp Brullo Myosotis traillii Kirk Myosotis traversii Hook f Myosotis tuxeniana O Bolos amp Vigo O Bolos amp Vigo Myosotis ucrainica Czern Myosotis ultramafica Meudt Prebble amp Rance Myosotis umbrosa Meudt Prebble amp Thorsen Myosotis uniflora Hook f Myosotis urceolaris Shuttlew Myosotis venosa Colenso Myosotis venticola Meudt amp Prebble Myosotis verna Nutt spring forget me not Myosotis vestergrenii Stroh Myosotis welwitschii Boiss amp Reut Myosotis wumengensis L WeiGallery edit nbsp Myosotis scorpioides nbsp Myosotis eximia nbsp Myosotis colensoi nbsp Myosotis pulvinaris nbsp Myosotis pansa nbsp Myosotis sylvatica nbsp Myosotis alpestrisSymbolism editThe small blue forget me not flower was first used by the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne in 1926 as a Masonic emblem at the annual convention in Bremen Germany In 1938 a forget me not badge made by the same factory as the Masonic badge was chosen for the annual Nazi Party Winterhilfswerk the annual charity drive of the National Socialist People s Welfare the welfare branch of the Nazi party This coincidence enabled Freemasons to wear the forget me not badge as a secret sign of membership 12 better source needed 13 After World War II the forget me not flower was used again as a Masonic emblem in 1948 at the first Annual Convention of the United Grand Lodges of Germany The badge is now worn in the coat lapel by Freemasons around the world to remember all who suffered in the name of Freemasonry especially those during the Nazi era 14 The flower is also used as a symbol of remembrance by the people of Newfoundland and Labrador It is used to commemorate those from the province who were killed in the First World War and worn around July 1 citation needed It is also used in Germany to commemorate the fallen soldiers of the world wars in a similar manner to the use of remembrance poppies in the UK citation needed The flower is also the symbol for the Armenian genocide s 100th anniversary The design of the flower is a black dot symbolising the past and the suffering of Armenian people The light purple appendages symbolise the present and unity of Armenians The five purple petals symbolise the future and the five continents to which Armenians escaped The yellow in the centre symbolises eternity and the Tsitsernakaberd itself symbolises the 12 provinces lost to Turkey 15 In Lithuania the flower has become one of the symbols for the commemoration of the January events of 1991 16 In the Netherlands the forget me not has become a symbol for Alzheimer Nederland a foundation advocating for people suffering from dementia In New Zealand the forget me not is the symbol for Alzheimers New Zealand the foundation advocating for people suffering from Alzheimer s disease and dementia 17 In history of art the forget me not is used to remember loved ones who have died so is very common in funerary portraits References edit Lehnebach C 2012 Lectotypification of three species of forget me nots Myosotis Boraginaceae from Australasia Tuhinga 23 17 28 Myosotis Oxford English Dictionary Online ed Oxford University Press Subscription or participating institution membership required a b c Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Forget me not Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 10 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 663 Alaska Kid s Corner State of Alaska Retrieved 21 May 2016 Flora of New Zealand Taxon Profile Myosotis www nzflora info a b Winkworth Richard C Grau Jurke Robertson Alastair W Lockhart Peter J 2002 The Origins and Evolution of the Genus Myosotis L Boraginaceae PDF Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 24 2 180 93 doi 10 1016 S1055 7903 02 00210 5 PMID 12144755 Meudt Heidi M Prebble Jessica M Lehnebach Carlos A 7 November 2014 Native New Zealand forget me nots Myosotis Boraginaceae comprise a Pleistocene species radiation with very low genetic divergence Plant Systematics and Evolution 301 5 1455 1471 doi 10 1007 s00606 014 1166 x ISSN 0378 2697 S2CID 14686750 Lehnebach Carlos A 21 August 2012 Two new species of forget me nots Myosotis Boraginaceae from New Zealand PhytoKeys 16 53 64 doi 10 3897 phytokeys 16 3602 PMC 3492931 PMID 23233811 Myosotis L Plants of the world online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 1 September 2022 Species in Myosotis The Plant List Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 1 September 2022 Home www worldfloraonline org Retrieved 24 November 2019 Das Vergissmeinnicht Abzeichen und die Freimaurerei www internetloge de in German Archived from the original on 2 May 2019 Retrieved 21 July 2019 Bernheim Alain The Blue Forget Me Not Another Side of the Story Pietre Stones Review of Freemasonry Archived from the original on 30 January 2019 Retrieved 21 July 2019 The Story Behind Forget Me Not Emblem Masonic Network Blog 11 December 2009 Archived from the original on 4 April 2019 Retrieved 21 July 2019 Հայոց ցեղասպանության 100 րդ տարելիցի խորհրդանիշը անմոռուկ ծաղիկն է կարգախոսը Հիշում եմ և պահանջում www armenpress am in Armenian Armenpress Archived from the original on 28 May 2014 Retrieved 28 February 2021 Flower of discord Lithuanian politicians clash over forget me not symbol lrt lt 4 February 2020 Retrieved 15 June 2021 Home Alzheimers New Zealand Retrieved 15 June 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Myosotis amp oldid 1183571449, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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