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First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln

The first inauguration of Abraham Lincoln as the 16th president of the United States was held on Monday, March 4, 1861, at the East Portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. This was the 19th inauguration and marked the commencement of the first, and eventually only full term of Abraham Lincoln as president and the only term of Hannibal Hamlin as vice president. The presidential oath of office was administered to Lincoln by Chief Justice Roger B. Taney.[2] John C. Breckinridge became the first outgoing vice president to administer the vice-presidential oath of office to his successor.

First presidential inauguration of Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln swearing-in at the partly finished Capitol building.
DateMarch 2, 1861; 162 years ago (1861-03-02) (Hamlin)[1]
March 4, 1861 (1861-03-04) (Lincoln)
LocationUnited States Capitol,
Washington, D.C.
ParticipantsAbraham Lincoln
16th president of the United States
— Assuming office

Roger B. Taney
Chief Justice of the United States
— Administering oath

Hannibal Hamlin
15th vice president of the United States
— Assuming office

John C. Breckinridge
14th vice president of the United States
— Administering oath
← 1857
1865 →

This was the first time Lincoln appeared in public with a beard, which he had begun growing after being elected president, in response to a written request by 11-year-old Grace Bedell. This effectively made him the first president to have any facial hair beyond sideburns.

On Inauguration Day, Lincoln's procession to the Capitol was surrounded by heavily armed cavalry and infantry, providing an unprecedented amount of protection for the President-elect as the nation stood on the brink of war. During the 16 weeks between Lincoln's victory in the 1860 presidential election and Inauguration Day, seven slave states had declared their secession from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America.

Train ride to Washington edit

An entourage of family and friends left Springfield, Illinois, with Lincoln on February 11 to travel by train to Washington, D.C. for the inauguration. This group including his wife, three sons, and brother-in-law, as well as John G. Nicolay, John M. Hay, Ward Hill Lamon, David Davis, Norman B. Judd, Edwin Vose Sumner,[3] as well as his African-American valet and bodyguard, William Henry Johnson.[4] Just before leaving, he gave his farewell address, which was one of Lincoln's most emotional as he and the public knew that he might be killed before he could return to Springfield. Such fears would be realized in 1865 when he was assassinated; he never would return to Springfield alive after his address.[5][6][7]

For the next ten days, he traveled widely throughout the country, with stops in Indianapolis, Columbus, Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Buffalo, Albany, New York City, and south to Philadelphia, where on the afternoon of February 21, he pulled into Kensington Station. Lincoln took an open carriage to the Continental Hotel, with almost 100,000 spectators waiting to catch a glimpse of the President-elect. There he met Mayor Alexander Henry, and delivered some remarks to the crowd outside from a hotel balcony.[3] Lincoln continued on to Harrisburg. Then, because of an alleged assassination conspiracy, Lincoln traveled through Baltimore, Maryland, on a special train in the middle of the night, transferring from the President Street Station to the Camden Station at 3:30 a.m.,[8][full citation needed][9][full citation needed][10][full citation needed] before finally completing his journey in Washington. Johnson was the only person from the Illinois entourage to travel with Lincoln from Baltimore to Washington.[4]

Plot to seize the District of Columbia and install Breckinridge as president edit

Stephen Douglas, Lincoln's rival from Illinois, who defeated him for Senator and was defeated by him in the 1860 U.S. presidential election, warned in January 1861 that "a widespread and intricate conspiracy" was planning to seize the District of Columbia and install Breckinridge as president (Lincoln having never arrived in Washington).

The most intense excitement exists in certain Congressional circles In consequence of the fact leaking out that the Howard Select Committee of the House have positive evidence before them of a conspiracy existing in this city and vicinity to overthrow the government, in which certain prominent officials and citizens in Washington and elsewhere flgure. Decisive action will be taken to relation to the matter, and every man, from ex-Cabinet officers down to the humblest department clerk or Senate employe[e], will be held to the strictest account. In this emergency it is gratifying to know that, while there may be many citizens in Maryland who, when they can honorably do it, if they cannot consistently remain In the Union will go out [leave it], [but] have determined that while they do remain in it they will be loyal citizens, and when they go out will not do so dishonorably.
The existence of the conspiracy has been known to certain officials in Washington for some time.[11]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774-1875. Senate Journal --SATURDAY, March 2, 1861". American Memory. Library of Congress. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
  2. ^ . United States Senate. Archived from the original on January 12, 2017. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
  3. ^ a b Hoch, Bradley R. (2001). The Lincoln Trail in Pennsylvania: A History and Guide. Penn State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-02119-5.
  4. ^ a b Paradis, James M. (August 7, 2012). African Americans and the Gettysburg Campaign. Scarecrow Press. p. 82. ISBN 978-0-8108-8336-9.
  5. ^ "Broadside, "President Lincoln's Farewell Address to His Old Neighbors, Springfield, February 12, 1861" - The Henry Ford". www.thehenryford.org. Retrieved December 5, 2020.
  6. ^ "The Unsuccessful Plot to Kill Abraham Lincoln". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved December 5, 2020.
  7. ^ "Lincoln's Farewell Address – Illinois History & Lincoln Collections". January 27, 2018. Retrieved December 5, 2020.
  8. ^ The Thwarted Plot to Kill Lincoln on the Streets of Baltimore, Boundary Stones, WETA's Washington DC History Blog
  9. ^ The Unsuccessful Plot to Kill Abraham Lincoln, Smithsonian magazine, Daniel Stashower
  10. ^ The Baltimore Plot, The First Conspiracy to Assassinate Abraham Lincoln, Michael J. Kline, Chapter 16, An Unexpected Arrival, pg. 258-259
  11. ^ "The Revolution". New York Herald. January 28, 1861. p. 1 – via newspapers.com.

External links edit

  • More documents from the Library of Congress
  • Text of Lincoln's First Inaugural Address
  •   Abraham Lincoln's Inaugural Address public domain audiobook at LibriVox

first, inauguration, abraham, lincoln, first, inauguration, abraham, lincoln, 16th, president, united, states, held, monday, march, 1861, east, portico, united, states, capitol, washington, this, 19th, inauguration, marked, commencement, first, eventually, onl. The first inauguration of Abraham Lincoln as the 16th president of the United States was held on Monday March 4 1861 at the East Portico of the United States Capitol in Washington D C This was the 19th inauguration and marked the commencement of the first and eventually only full term of Abraham Lincoln as president and the only term of Hannibal Hamlin as vice president The presidential oath of office was administered to Lincoln by Chief Justice Roger B Taney 2 John C Breckinridge became the first outgoing vice president to administer the vice presidential oath of office to his successor First presidential inauguration of Abraham LincolnLincoln swearing in at the partly finished Capitol building DateMarch 2 1861 162 years ago 1861 03 02 Hamlin 1 March 4 1861 1861 03 04 Lincoln LocationUnited States Capitol Washington D C ParticipantsAbraham Lincoln16th president of the United States Assuming officeRoger B TaneyChief Justice of the United States Administering oathHannibal Hamlin15th vice president of the United States Assuming officeJohn C Breckinridge14th vice president of the United States Administering oath 18571865 This was the first time Lincoln appeared in public with a beard which he had begun growing after being elected president in response to a written request by 11 year old Grace Bedell This effectively made him the first president to have any facial hair beyond sideburns On Inauguration Day Lincoln s procession to the Capitol was surrounded by heavily armed cavalry and infantry providing an unprecedented amount of protection for the President elect as the nation stood on the brink of war During the 16 weeks between Lincoln s victory in the 1860 presidential election and Inauguration Day seven slave states had declared their secession from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America Contents 1 Train ride to Washington 2 Plot to seize the District of Columbia and install Breckinridge as president 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksTrain ride to Washington editSee also Baltimore Plot An entourage of family and friends left Springfield Illinois with Lincoln on February 11 to travel by train to Washington D C for the inauguration This group including his wife three sons and brother in law as well as John G Nicolay John M Hay Ward Hill Lamon David Davis Norman B Judd Edwin Vose Sumner 3 as well as his African American valet and bodyguard William Henry Johnson 4 Just before leaving he gave his farewell address which was one of Lincoln s most emotional as he and the public knew that he might be killed before he could return to Springfield Such fears would be realized in 1865 when he was assassinated he never would return to Springfield alive after his address 5 6 7 For the next ten days he traveled widely throughout the country with stops in Indianapolis Columbus Pittsburgh Cleveland Buffalo Albany New York City and south to Philadelphia where on the afternoon of February 21 he pulled into Kensington Station Lincoln took an open carriage to the Continental Hotel with almost 100 000 spectators waiting to catch a glimpse of the President elect There he met Mayor Alexander Henry and delivered some remarks to the crowd outside from a hotel balcony 3 Lincoln continued on to Harrisburg Then because of an alleged assassination conspiracy Lincoln traveled through Baltimore Maryland on a special train in the middle of the night transferring from the President Street Station to the Camden Station at 3 30 a m 8 full citation needed 9 full citation needed 10 full citation needed before finally completing his journey in Washington Johnson was the only person from the Illinois entourage to travel with Lincoln from Baltimore to Washington 4 Plot to seize the District of Columbia and install Breckinridge as president editStephen Douglas Lincoln s rival from Illinois who defeated him for Senator and was defeated by him in the 1860 U S presidential election warned in January 1861 that a widespread and intricate conspiracy was planning to seize the District of Columbia and install Breckinridge as president Lincoln having never arrived in Washington The most intense excitement exists in certain Congressional circles In consequence of the fact leaking out that the Howard Select Committee of the House have positive evidence before them of a conspiracy existing in this city and vicinity to overthrow the government in which certain prominent officials and citizens in Washington and elsewhere flgure Decisive action will be taken to relation to the matter and every man from ex Cabinet officers down to the humblest department clerk or Senate employe e will be held to the strictest account In this emergency it is gratifying to know that while there may be many citizens in Maryland who when they can honorably do it if they cannot consistently remain In the Union will go out leave it but have determined that while they do remain in it they will be loyal citizens and when they go out will not do so dishonorably The existence of the conspiracy has been known to certain officials in Washington for some time 11 See also edit nbsp Wikisource has original text related to this article Abraham Lincoln s First Inaugural Address Presidency of Abraham Lincoln Second inauguration of Abraham Lincoln 1860 United States presidential election Lincoln Bible Abraham Lincoln s first inaugural addressReferences edit A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation U S Congressional Documents and Debates 1774 1875 Senate Journal SATURDAY March 2 1861 American Memory Library of Congress Retrieved May 17 2020 The 19th Presidential Inauguration Abraham Lincoln March 04 1861 United States Senate Archived from the original on January 12 2017 Retrieved May 17 2020 a b Hoch Bradley R 2001 The Lincoln Trail in Pennsylvania A History and Guide Penn State University Press ISBN 978 0 271 02119 5 a b Paradis James M August 7 2012 African Americans and the Gettysburg Campaign Scarecrow Press p 82 ISBN 978 0 8108 8336 9 Broadside President Lincoln s Farewell Address to His Old Neighbors Springfield February 12 1861 The Henry Ford www thehenryford org Retrieved December 5 2020 The Unsuccessful Plot to Kill Abraham Lincoln Smithsonian Magazine Retrieved December 5 2020 Lincoln s Farewell Address Illinois History amp Lincoln Collections January 27 2018 Retrieved December 5 2020 The Thwarted Plot to Kill Lincoln on the Streets of Baltimore Boundary Stones WETA s Washington DC History Blog The Unsuccessful Plot to Kill Abraham Lincoln Smithsonian magazine Daniel Stashower The Baltimore Plot The First Conspiracy to Assassinate Abraham Lincoln Michael J Kline Chapter 16 An Unexpected Arrival pg 258 259 The Revolution New York Herald January 28 1861 p 1 via newspapers com External links editMore documents from the Library of Congress Text of Lincoln s First Inaugural Address nbsp Abraham Lincoln s Inaugural Address public domain audiobook at LibriVox Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln amp oldid 1192389875, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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