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Wikipedia

Disney's Hollywood Studios

July 01, 2023

Disney's Hollywood Studios is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando. It is owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks, Experiences and Products division. Based on a concept by Marty Sklar, Randy Bright, and Michael Eisner, the park opened on May 1, 1989, as the Disney–MGM Studios (Theme) Park, and was the third of four theme parks built at Walt Disney World. Spanning 135 acres (55 ha), the park is dedicated to the imagined worlds from film, television, music, and theatre, drawing inspiration from the Golden Age of Hollywood.[2]

Disney's Hollywood Studios
Previously known as Disney-MGM Studios (1989–2008)
The Chinese Theatre, the visual centerpiece of Disney's Hollywood Studios[1]
LocationWalt Disney World Resort, Bay Lake, Florida, United States
Coordinates28°21′25″N 81°33′22″W / 28.357°N 81.5561°W / 28.357; -81.5561
StatusOperating
OpenedMay 1, 1989; 34 years ago (1989-05-01)
OwnerDisney Parks, Experiences and Products (The Walt Disney Company)
Theme
Operating seasonYear-round
WebsiteOfficial website

Disney's Hollywood Studios was initially developed as both a theme park inspired by show business and an operating production studio, with active film and television production services, an animation facility branch, and a functioning backlot. Construction on the combined park and studio began in 1987, but was accelerated when the construction of the similarly-themed Universal Studios Florida began a few miles away.[3] To increase public interest and the variety of film representation within the park, Disney entered into a licensing agreement with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), from which the park's original name was derived. The park's production facilities were removed throughout the 2000s, and many of the park's soundstages were retrofitted for newer attractions and guest use. The park's current name took effect in 2008, with the removal of the MGM-branding throughout the park. In the 2010s, the park began to distance itself from the original studio backlot intention and entered a new direction of immersive theming and attraction development inspired by imagined worlds from Hollywood storytellers.

The park's original icon was the Earffel Tower, a faux water tower topped with Mickey Mouse ears. In 2001, the Sorcerer's Hat—a stylized version of the magical hat from Fantasia—was erected in the park's central hub and served as the icon until its removal in January 2015.[4] The Earffel Tower was also removed the following year. Since then, the Hollywood Tower Hotel has acted as the park's icon, with the Chinese Theatre serving as the visual centerpiece. In 2018, the park hosted 11.258 million guests, ranking it the fifth most-visited theme park in North America and the ninth most-visited theme park in the world.[5]

Dedication

The World you have entered was created by The Walt Disney Company and is dedicated to Hollywood—not a place on a map, but a state of mind that exists wherever people dream and wonder and imagine, a place where illusion and reality are fused by technological magic. We welcome you to a Hollywood that never was—and always will be.

— Michael Eisner, May 1, 1989[6][7]

History

 
The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror opened in 1994, as part of the park's first expansion.

A team of Walt Disney Imagineers led by Marty Sklar and Randy Bright had been given an assignment to create two new pavilions for Epcot's Future World section. The brainstorming sessions led to Wonders of Life and Great Movie Ride pavilions. The latter was to look like a soundstage backdrop, with a movie theater-style entrance in the middle and would have sat between the Land and Journey Into Imagination pavilions. When newly appointed CEO Michael Eisner saw the plans for the pavilion, he requested that, instead of placing the ride in an already existing park, it should be the anchor for a new park themed with Hollywood, entertainment, and show business.

In 1985, Disney and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) entered into a licensing contract that gave Disney worldwide rights to use the MGM brand and logo for what would become Disney-MGM Studios, which included working production facilities for films and television shows, a backlot, and a satellite animation studio for Walt Disney Feature Animation, which began operation prior to the park's debut.[8] In 1988, MGM/UA responded by filing a lawsuit that claimed Disney violated the agreement by operating a working movie and television studio at the resort. On May 1, 1989, the theme park opened adjacent to the production facilities, with MGM's only affiliation being the original licensing agreement that allowed Disney to use MGM's name and lion logo in marketing, and separate contracts that allowed specific MGM content to be used in the Great Movie Ride. On opening day, the only two operating attractions were the Studio Backlot Tour and the Great Movie Ride. Several months after park opening, the "Streetmosphere" improvisational troupe was added to the park. The Streetmosphere performers, now named the Citizens of Hollywood, are the longest-running attraction at the park.[9]

 
The Sorcerer's Hat stood at the park's hub between 2001 and 2015.

Disney later filed a countersuit, claiming that MGM/UA and MGM Grand, Inc. had conspired to violate Disney's worldwide rights to the MGM name in the theme park business and that MGM/UA would harm Disney's reputation by building its own theme park at the MGM Grand hotel and casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. On October 23, 1992, Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Curtis B. Rappe ruled that Disney had the right to continue using the Disney-MGM Studios name on film product produced at the Florida facility, and that MGM Grand had the right to build a Las Vegas theme park using the MGM name and logo as long as it did not share the same studio backlot theme as Disney's property.[10] The 33-acre (130,000 m2) MGM Grand Adventures Theme Park opened in 1993 at the Las Vegas site and closed permanently in 2000. Disney was contractually prohibited from using the Disney-MGM Studios name in certain marketing contexts; in those instances, the park was called either The Disney Studios or Disney Studios Florida.

In the 1990s, as the park's popularity and attendance grew, the park saw its first expansion in 1994, with the addition of Sunset Boulevard and The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror attraction. The backlot's New York streets were opened to guest access to relieve traffic and renamed as Streets of America. During that same decade, Walt Disney Feature Animation's on-site satellite studio assisted in the production of Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin, and The Lion King, with Mulan and Lilo & Stitch being completed entirely at the park's studio.[11] In 2001, the Sorcerer's Hat—a stylized version of the magical hat from Fantasia—was erected in front of the park's Chinese Theater and began to serve as the park's icon from then onwards, displacing the Earffel Tower in that role.[4] In 2004, Disney shuttered the Florida animation unit. The backlot's Residential Street was demolished to accommodate the new location for Lights, Motors, Action! Extreme Stunt Show in 2005. In 2007, Disney announced that Disney-MGM Studios would be rebranded as Disney's Hollywood Studios, effective January 7, 2008.[12][13] That same year, the former Stage 1 soundstage became home to Toy Story Mania! and the surrounding area was rethemed as Pixar Place.

In the 2010s, Disney began phasing out the park's "studio-like" attractions that headlined the park during its early years of operation. This included the closure of the park's Studio Backlot Tour, American Idol Experience, and the Legend of Captain Jack Sparrow attractions in 2014.[14] The following year, the Sorcerer's Hat was removed and the original sightlines from Hollywood Boulevard to the park's Chinese Theatre were restored.[15] In March 2015, during an annual shareholders meeting, Disney CEO Bob Iger hinted at another possible name change for the park due to the changes coming in the near future.[16] However, the company denied the rumors of a name change in February 2018.[17] The park continued to close more studio-themed attraction; in April 2016, the majority of Streets of America—including the backlot street facades, the Lights, Motors, Action! Extreme Stunt Show, the Earffel Tower, and the remaining backstage areas—was closed and demolished in preparation for Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge and Toy Story Land.[18][19] In 2017, the Great Movie Ride closed as the final remaining opening-day attraction and was replaced by Mickey & Minnie's Runaway Railway.[20][21][22]

The park was closed from March 16 to July 15, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Florida.[23][24]

Park layout and attractions

See also: List of Disney's Hollywood Studios attractions

Disney's Hollywood Studios is divided into seven themed areas inspired by fantasized iterations of either existing locations found in Hollywood and Los Angeles or imagined worlds from Hollywood stories. The park's original layout featured a large Hidden Mickey, which was visible in aerial photographs of the park and on the park's early guide maps, though construction and other park changes have eliminated much of this image.[25]

Hollywood Boulevard

 
Hollywood Boulevard

Hollywood Boulevard, inspired by the real street of the same name, serves as the park's main entrance and operates in the same vein as Main Street, U.S.A. at Magic Kingdom. It is lined with themed streetscape facades and venues selling Disney merchandise and park services. Guests enter through the main entrance gate, which resembles the Pan-Pacific Auditorium. Near the park's gate is a recreation of the Crossroads of the World tower. Live street entertainment and seasonal parades travel down the main street throughout the day. At the far end of Hollywood Boulevard stands an exact replica of Grauman's Chinese Theatre, which houses Mickey & Minnie's Runaway Railway, a dark ride themed to the world of Mickey Mouse animated shorts. Near the entrance of Animation Courtyard—resides The Hollywood Brown Derby restaurant, a themed replica of the original Brown Derby restaurant in Hollywood, California.

Echo Lake

 
Echo Lake

Echo Lake, inspired by the similarly-named neighborhood in Los Angeles, is designed to mimic the suburban "California Crazy" form of architecture from Hollywood's Golden Age and is anchored around the area's namesake lake.

Echo Lake includes three major attractions based on characters and films created by George Lucas and produced by Lucasfilm. Star Tours – The Adventures Continue is a 3-D motion simulator ride set in the Star Wars universe. The Jedi Training: Trials of the Temple, a live-action stage show, invites children to become "padawan learners" and receive lightsaber training from a Jedi master. The live-action Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular! re-enacts various scenes from Steven Spielberg's Raiders of the Lost Ark, while illustrating how professional film stunts are performed.

The Hyperion Theater houses For the First Time in Forever: A Frozen Sing-Along Celebration, a musical show based on Disney's 2013 animated film Frozen. Behind this building lies a subsection named Commissary Lane, that connects Hollywood Boulevard directly to Grand Avenue and bypasses Echo Lake altogether. In this area, resides the ABC Commissary and the Sci-Fi Dine-In Theater Restaurant, a dinner theater with a retro-style theme featuring vintage car themed tables and a large movie screen featuring continuous clips of science-fiction films from the 1950s.

Grand Avenue

 
Grand Avenue

Grand Avenue is themed as a gentrified historic district inspired by the real location of the same name in downtown Los Angeles. The area is anchored by Muppet*Vision 3D, a 4D film attraction starring the Muppets from Jim Henson's The Muppet Show, that is presented at the Grand Arts Theatre within the avenue's Grand Park, itself also inspired by the real park of the same name. Grand Avenue is also home to PizzeRizzo[26]—a Brooklyn-style pizza restaurant owned by Rizzo the Rat—Mama Melrose's Ristorante Italiano,[27] and BaseLine Tap House, a modern California-styled pub.[28] The main street of Grand Avenue leads into a recreation of a Figueroa Street Tunnel which connects to Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge.[29]

Grand Avenue was originally planned as a themed area called Muppet Studios, following Disney's acquisition of the Jim Henson Company. In addition to Muppet*Vision 3D, this area was to include a themed restaurant and a Muppet dark ride parody of The Great Movie Ride.[30][31] The deal fell through after Henson's death, and only Muppet*Vision 3D was developed.

The realized Muppet-themed section became a part of the park's former Streets of America area, which encompassed several attractions, including an urban street amalgamation of New York City and San Francisco. The area's namesake street facades were formerly the park's working backlot set, which was originally a component of the park's inaugural Studio Backlot Tour, and opened to pedestrian park traffic in the mid-1990s; this area closed on April 2, 2016.[32][33] The Muppet-themed areas and a single remaining New York block of the Streets of America facades were repurposed into Muppets Courtyard, which served as a placeholder designation until Grand Avenue was completed in September 2017.[34]

Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge

Main article: Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge
 
Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge

Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge is set within the Star Wars universe, at the Black Spire Outpost village on the remote frontier planet of Batuu. Attractions include Star Wars: Rise of the Resistance, a dark ride that places guests in a climactic battle between the First Order and the Resistance; and Millennium Falcon: Smugglers Run, a flying simulator attraction that allows guests to pilot the Millennium Falcon through a customized secret mission on behalf of Hondo Ohnaka and Chewbacca. Restaurants and shops include Oga's Cantina, Savi's Workshop, and the Droid Depot. The land opened in 2019, replacing the park's Streets of America section.[35] The 14-acre (5.7 ha) area cost an estimated $1 billion.[36]

Toy Story Land

Main article: Toy Story Land
 
Toy Story Land

Toy Story Land is inspired by Pixar's Toy Story series. The 11-acre (4.5 ha) area is themed to Andy's backyard with three attractions, each hosted by characters from the series.[37] The attractions include Toy Story Mania!, an interactive 4D attraction inspired by classic carnival midway games; Slinky Dog Dash, an outdoor roller coaster; and Alien Swirling Saucers, a spinning teacup ride.[37][38] The land opened on June 30, 2018.[38]

Toy Story Mania! was originally a standalone attraction within Pixar Place, an area dedicated to films and characters created by Pixar, resembling the animation studio's Emeryville, California campus. Pixar Place was also the home of Luxo Jr., a six-foot-tall audio-animatronic version of Pixar's desk-lamp mascot.[39] The moving character performed periodic shows throughout the day and evening across from Toy Story Midway Mania.[39]

Animation Courtyard

 
Animation Courtyard

Animation Courtyard is home to attractions based on films and characters created by Walt Disney Animation Studios. Its entrance is marked by a square "studio arch". This section of the park originally was the starting point for the Studio Backlot Tour.

The former Magic of Disney Animation building hosts Star Wars Launch Bay, a Star Wars exhibit featuring behind-the-scenes props and character meet-and-greets with Darth Vader, Chewbacca, and BB-8. Mickey Avenue, a subsection of Animation Courtyard, is home to a walk-through exhibit, Walt Disney Presents, which explores the life and legacy of Walt Disney through photos, models, artifacts, and a short biographical film narrated by Julie Andrews. The Courtyard section also hosts two live shows. Disney Junior Dance Party! entertains guests with characters from Disney Junior series, including Mickey and the Roadster Racers, Vampirina, Doc McStuffins, and The Lion Guard.

Sunset Boulevard

 
Sunset Boulevard

Sunset Boulevard, inspired by the real thoroughfare of the same name, as well as the film of the same name, was the first expansion of the park, opening in July 1994. The focal point of Sunset Boulevard is The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror, a thrill ride based on Rod Serling's The Twilight Zone. Located nearby is Rock 'n' Roller Coaster Starring Aerosmith, an indoor darkened roller coaster themed to the music of Aerosmith, with three inversions and a high-speed launch.

Sunset Boulevard has two outdoor amphitheaters, and one indoor theater. The covered Theater of the Stars hosts Beauty and the Beast Live on Stage, a stage show featuring highlights from the animated film. The larger open-air Hollywood Hills Amphitheater is the home of Fantasmic!, a nighttime show featuring Mickey Mouse and many other Disney characters in a story with fireworks, lasers and water effects. The completely indoor Sunset Showcase hosts Lightning McQueen's Racing Academy, and features Lightning McQueen and other Cars characters teaching "rookie racers" about the lessons they've learned when racing.[40]

Live entertainment

Disney's Hollywood Studios has featured numerous forms of in-park entertainment throughout its history. During its early years, the park featured the "Star Today" program, with a daily celebrity guest. The celebrity would often be featured in a motorcade along Hollywood Boulevard or would take part in a handprint ceremony at the Great Movie Ride's entrance, or participate in an interview session.

At other times, Disney has imported characters and intellectual properties that were not part of its own original library of films and television shows. Some of these characters have included the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Ace Ventura, Pet Detective, and characters from the Goosebumps series by author R. L. Stine. The Mighty Morphin Power Rangers made appearances in the park during the first seasons of the television series but then vanished. Disney had ownership of the Power Rangers franchise through its purchase of Saban Entertainment until May 2010 when Saban purchased the franchise back and were regular members of the park's cast of characters during that time.[41] Live musical acts, such as the cover band Mulch, Sweat and Shears and the a cappella quartet Four For a Dollar, used to perform on the park streets or as pre-show entertainment at the larger shows.[42]

Like Disney's Animal Kingdom, Disney's Hollywood Studios also used to run daily parades down Hollywood Boulevard. The Disney Stars and Motor Cars Parade and the Pixar Block Party Bash featured film characters performing in a street party along Hollywood Boulevard and near Echo Lake. Several times each day, the "High School Musical 3 Senior Year: Right Here Right Now" show used to travel Hollywood Boulevard before performing a live street show in front of the Sorcerer's Hat.

Streetmosphere performers have been present at Disney's Hollywood Studios since 1989. They are the only opening day attraction left in the park. The improv troupe was originally called Streetmosphere, but later renamed to the Citizens of Hollywood. They perform magic, skits, and interact with guests multiple times a day on Sunset Boulevard and Hollywood Boulevard.

Annual events

Disney's Hollywood Studios has hosted several events during the years that often draw thousands of fans to the park.

There have also been four former events:

  • ESPN The Weekend (late winter) featured commentators from the Disney-owned cable sports channels as well as sports celebrities. The event was started in 2004 and permanently cancelled in July 2011.[43]
  • Star Wars Weekends (May–June) brought Star Wars fans and celebrities together for special park events. Running Fridays-Sundays throughout June, they featured the 501st Legion (a worldwide Star Wars costuming group) parading through the park in costumes that include Stormtroopers, TIE fighter pilots, biker scouts and Rebel soldiers. Several Star Wars actors appear each weekend for photos and autographs, appearing in a variety of shows hosted in the various theatres around the park, larger Jedi Training Academy classes for younger guests, and other activities.[44] Star Wars Weekends ended its run in 2015.[45][46]
  • ABC Super Soap Weekend was scheduled in November, the event paid tribute to the legions of fans of soap operas from ABC. Guests could meet stars from All My Children, One Life to Live, and General Hospital. The event's final presentation was in November 2008, with ABC instead planning to schedule multiple, smaller regional events around the country for its fans.[47]
  • The Osborne Family Spectacle of Dancing Lights (November–January) took over the Streets of America during the Christmas season.[48] The display featured over five million Christmas lights on more than 350 miles (560 km) of wire.[49] The event ended its run in 2015.

Production history

 
The former Streets of America area was originally a working backlot set with New York City facades and was used in several film productions. A majority of the sets were demolished in 2016.

The Walt Disney Company's original concept of the Disney-MGM Studios was to operate it as a television and motion picture production facility, as well as a theme park. In 1988, among the first feature-length movies filmed at the facility, prior to its completion and opening as a theme park, were Ernest Saves Christmas[50] and Newsies.

When the park opened in 1989, the studio/production facilities housed two major components, the first of which was Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida, where Disney produced projects including Mulan,[50] Lilo & Stitch,[51] Brother Bear, and sequences from other 1990s-early 2000s Disney animated features. The second, larger component was Walt Disney Studios Florida, which consisted of three sound stages used for Disney projects including The Disney Channel's Mickey Mouse Club,[52] Teen Win, Lose or Draw and Adventures in Wonderland. Several third party productions also used the Studios, including Superboy (first season only, from 1988–1989), the 1988–89 season of MTV's Remote Control, Thunder in Paradise, a revival of Let's Make a Deal, special broadcasts of Wheel of Fortune, airplane interior sequences for the feature film Passenger 57, and The Dooley and Pals Show. Music videos, several tapings for World Championship Wrestling (WCW), and live broadcasts of WCW Monday Nitro were also shot there; see WCW Disney tapings. The Post Group had a Florida-based post-production facility located on the Studio lot throughout the 1990s. All these production and post-production facilities were constructed to be an integral part of the theme park's Backstage Studio Tour as well.

In 2004, Disney management (including CEO Michael Eisner) downsized Disney's Florida operations by closing the animation studio, laying off personnel and then moving the operations to the main animation studio in Burbank, California.[51][53] A radio studio is also located on the lot, behind "Sounds Dangerous".

Attendance

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Worldwide rank
9,699,000[54] 9,912,000[55] 10,110,000[56] 10,312,000[57] 10,828,000[58] 10,776,000[59] 10,772,000[60] 11,258,000[5] 11,483,000[61] 3,675,000[61] 9

See also

References

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  59. ^ Au, Tsz Yin (Gigi); Chang, Bet; Chen, Bryan; Cheu, Linda; Fischer, Lucia; Hoffman, Marina; Kondaurova, Olga; LaClair, Kathleen; Li, Shaojin; Linford, Sarah; Marling, George; Miller, Erik; Nevin, Jennie; Papamichael, Margreet; Robinett, John; Rubin, Judith; Sands, Brian; Selby, William; Timmins, Matt; Ventura, Feliz; Yoshii, Chris (June 1, 2017). "TEA/AECOM 2016 Theme Index & Museum Index: Global Attractions Attendance Report" (PDF). aecom.com. Themed Entertainment Association. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
  60. ^ Au, Tsz Yin (Gigi); Chang, Bet; Chen, Bryan; Cheu, Linda; Fischer, Lucia; Hoffman, Marina; Kondaurova, Olga; LaClair, Kathleen; Li, Shaojin; Linford, Sarah; Marling, George; Miller, Erik; Nevin, Jennie; Papamichael, Margreet; Robinett, John; Rubin, Judith; Sands, Brian; Selby, William; Timmins, Matt; Ventura, Feliz; Yoshii, Chris (May 17, 2018). (PDF). teaconnect.org. Themed Entertainment Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 2, 2017. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
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July 01, 2023
disney, hollywood, studios, theme, park, walt, disney, world, resort, lake, florida, near, orlando, owned, operated, walt, disney, company, through, parks, experiences, products, division, based, concept, marty, sklar, randy, bright, michael, eisner, park, ope. Disney s Hollywood Studios is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake Florida near Orlando It is owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks Experiences and Products division Based on a concept by Marty Sklar Randy Bright and Michael Eisner the park opened on May 1 1989 as the Disney MGM Studios Theme Park and was the third of four theme parks built at Walt Disney World Spanning 135 acres 55 ha the park is dedicated to the imagined worlds from film television music and theatre drawing inspiration from the Golden Age of Hollywood 2 Disney s Hollywood StudiosPreviously known as Disney MGM Studios 1989 2008 The Chinese Theatre the visual centerpiece of Disney s Hollywood Studios 1 LocationWalt Disney World Resort Bay Lake Florida United StatesCoordinates28 21 25 N 81 33 22 W 28 357 N 81 5561 W 28 357 81 5561StatusOperatingOpenedMay 1 1989 34 years ago 1989 05 01 OwnerDisney Parks Experiences and Products The Walt Disney Company ThemeGolden Age of Hollywood Imagined worlds of cinema 2 Operating seasonYear roundWebsiteOfficial websiteDisney s Hollywood Studios was initially developed as both a theme park inspired by show business and an operating production studio with active film and television production services an animation facility branch and a functioning backlot Construction on the combined park and studio began in 1987 but was accelerated when the construction of the similarly themed Universal Studios Florida began a few miles away 3 To increase public interest and the variety of film representation within the park Disney entered into a licensing agreement with Metro Goldwyn Mayer MGM from which the park s original name was derived The park s production facilities were removed throughout the 2000s and many of the park s soundstages were retrofitted for newer attractions and guest use The park s current name took effect in 2008 with the removal of the MGM branding throughout the park In the 2010s the park began to distance itself from the original studio backlot intention and entered a new direction of immersive theming and attraction development inspired by imagined worlds from Hollywood storytellers The park s original icon was the Earffel Tower a faux water tower topped with Mickey Mouse ears In 2001 the Sorcerer s Hat a stylized version of the magical hat from Fantasia was erected in the park s central hub and served as the icon until its removal in January 2015 4 The Earffel Tower was also removed the following year Since then the Hollywood Tower Hotel has acted as the park s icon with the Chinese Theatre serving as the visual centerpiece In 2018 the park hosted 11 258 million guests ranking it the fifth most visited theme park in North America and the ninth most visited theme park in the world 5 Contents 1 Dedication 2 History 3 Park layout and attractions 3 1 Hollywood Boulevard 3 2 Echo Lake 3 3 Grand Avenue 3 4 Star Wars Galaxy s Edge 3 5 Toy Story Land 3 6 Animation Courtyard 3 7 Sunset Boulevard 4 Live entertainment 5 Annual events 6 Production history 7 Attendance 8 See also 9 References 10 External linksDedicationThe World you have entered was created by The Walt Disney Company and is dedicated to Hollywood not a place on a map but a state of mind that exists wherever people dream and wonder and imagine a place where illusion and reality are fused by technological magic We welcome you to a Hollywood that never was and always will be Michael Eisner May 1 1989 6 7 History The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror opened in 1994 as part of the park s first expansion A team of Walt Disney Imagineers led by Marty Sklar and Randy Bright had been given an assignment to create two new pavilions for Epcot s Future World section The brainstorming sessions led to Wonders of Life and Great Movie Ride pavilions The latter was to look like a soundstage backdrop with a movie theater style entrance in the middle and would have sat between the Land and Journey Into Imagination pavilions When newly appointed CEO Michael Eisner saw the plans for the pavilion he requested that instead of placing the ride in an already existing park it should be the anchor for a new park themed with Hollywood entertainment and show business In 1985 Disney and Metro Goldwyn Mayer MGM entered into a licensing contract that gave Disney worldwide rights to use the MGM brand and logo for what would become Disney MGM Studios which included working production facilities for films and television shows a backlot and a satellite animation studio for Walt Disney Feature Animation which began operation prior to the park s debut 8 In 1988 MGM UA responded by filing a lawsuit that claimed Disney violated the agreement by operating a working movie and television studio at the resort On May 1 1989 the theme park opened adjacent to the production facilities with MGM s only affiliation being the original licensing agreement that allowed Disney to use MGM s name and lion logo in marketing and separate contracts that allowed specific MGM content to be used in the Great Movie Ride On opening day the only two operating attractions were the Studio Backlot Tour and the Great Movie Ride Several months after park opening the Streetmosphere improvisational troupe was added to the park The Streetmosphere performers now named the Citizens of Hollywood are the longest running attraction at the park 9 The Sorcerer s Hat stood at the park s hub between 2001 and 2015 Disney later filed a countersuit claiming that MGM UA and MGM Grand Inc had conspired to violate Disney s worldwide rights to the MGM name in the theme park business and that MGM UA would harm Disney s reputation by building its own theme park at the MGM Grand hotel and casino in Las Vegas Nevada On October 23 1992 Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Curtis B Rappe ruled that Disney had the right to continue using the Disney MGM Studios name on film product produced at the Florida facility and that MGM Grand had the right to build a Las Vegas theme park using the MGM name and logo as long as it did not share the same studio backlot theme as Disney s property 10 The 33 acre 130 000 m2 MGM Grand Adventures Theme Park opened in 1993 at the Las Vegas site and closed permanently in 2000 Disney was contractually prohibited from using the Disney MGM Studios name in certain marketing contexts in those instances the park was called either The Disney Studios or Disney Studios Florida In the 1990s as the park s popularity and attendance grew the park saw its first expansion in 1994 with the addition of Sunset Boulevard and The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror attraction The backlot s New York streets were opened to guest access to relieve traffic and renamed as Streets of America During that same decade Walt Disney Feature Animation s on site satellite studio assisted in the production of Beauty and the Beast Aladdin and The Lion King with Mulan and Lilo amp Stitch being completed entirely at the park s studio 11 In 2001 the Sorcerer s Hat a stylized version of the magical hat from Fantasia was erected in front of the park s Chinese Theater and began to serve as the park s icon from then onwards displacing the Earffel Tower in that role 4 In 2004 Disney shuttered the Florida animation unit The backlot s Residential Street was demolished to accommodate the new location for Lights Motors Action Extreme Stunt Show in 2005 In 2007 Disney announced that Disney MGM Studios would be rebranded as Disney s Hollywood Studios effective January 7 2008 12 13 That same year the former Stage 1 soundstage became home to Toy Story Mania and the surrounding area was rethemed as Pixar Place In the 2010s Disney began phasing out the park s studio like attractions that headlined the park during its early years of operation This included the closure of the park s Studio Backlot Tour American Idol Experience and the Legend of Captain Jack Sparrow attractions in 2014 14 The following year the Sorcerer s Hat was removed and the original sightlines from Hollywood Boulevard to the park s Chinese Theatre were restored 15 In March 2015 during an annual shareholders meeting Disney CEO Bob Iger hinted at another possible name change for the park due to the changes coming in the near future 16 However the company denied the rumors of a name change in February 2018 17 The park continued to close more studio themed attraction in April 2016 the majority of Streets of America including the backlot street facades the Lights Motors Action Extreme Stunt Show the Earffel Tower and the remaining backstage areas was closed and demolished in preparation for Star Wars Galaxy s Edge and Toy Story Land 18 19 In 2017 the Great Movie Ride closed as the final remaining opening day attraction and was replaced by Mickey amp Minnie s Runaway Railway 20 21 22 The park was closed from March 16 to July 15 2020 due to the COVID 19 pandemic in Florida 23 24 Park layout and attractionsSee also List of Disney s Hollywood Studios attractions Disney s Hollywood Studios is divided into seven themed areas inspired by fantasized iterations of either existing locations found in Hollywood and Los Angeles or imagined worlds from Hollywood stories The park s original layout featured a large Hidden Mickey which was visible in aerial photographs of the park and on the park s early guide maps though construction and other park changes have eliminated much of this image 25 Hollywood Boulevard Hollywood Boulevard Hollywood Boulevard inspired by the real street of the same name serves as the park s main entrance and operates in the same vein as Main Street U S A at Magic Kingdom It is lined with themed streetscape facades and venues selling Disney merchandise and park services Guests enter through the main entrance gate which resembles the Pan Pacific Auditorium Near the park s gate is a recreation of the Crossroads of the World tower Live street entertainment and seasonal parades travel down the main street throughout the day At the far end of Hollywood Boulevard stands an exact replica of Grauman s Chinese Theatre which houses Mickey amp Minnie s Runaway Railway a dark ride themed to the world of Mickey Mouse animated shorts Near the entrance of Animation Courtyard resides The Hollywood Brown Derby restaurant a themed replica of the original Brown Derby restaurant in Hollywood California Echo Lake Echo Lake Echo Lake inspired by the similarly named neighborhood in Los Angeles is designed to mimic the suburban California Crazy form of architecture from Hollywood s Golden Age and is anchored around the area s namesake lake Echo Lake includes three major attractions based on characters and films created by George Lucas and produced by Lucasfilm Star Tours The Adventures Continue is a 3 D motion simulator ride set in the Star Wars universe The Jedi Training Trials of the Temple a live action stage show invites children to become padawan learners and receive lightsaber training from a Jedi master The live action Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular re enacts various scenes from Steven Spielberg s Raiders of the Lost Ark while illustrating how professional film stunts are performed The Hyperion Theater houses For the First Time in Forever A Frozen Sing Along Celebration a musical show based on Disney s 2013 animated film Frozen Behind this building lies a subsection named Commissary Lane that connects Hollywood Boulevard directly to Grand Avenue and bypasses Echo Lake altogether In this area resides the ABC Commissary and the Sci Fi Dine In Theater Restaurant a dinner theater with a retro style theme featuring vintage car themed tables and a large movie screen featuring continuous clips of science fiction films from the 1950s Grand Avenue Grand Avenue Grand Avenue is themed as a gentrified historic district inspired by the real location of the same name in downtown Los Angeles The area is anchored by Muppet Vision 3D a 4D film attraction starring the Muppets from Jim Henson s The Muppet Show that is presented at the Grand Arts Theatre within the avenue s Grand Park itself also inspired by the real park of the same name Grand Avenue is also home to PizzeRizzo 26 a Brooklyn style pizza restaurant owned by Rizzo the Rat Mama Melrose s Ristorante Italiano 27 and BaseLine Tap House a modern California styled pub 28 The main street of Grand Avenue leads into a recreation of a Figueroa Street Tunnel which connects to Star Wars Galaxy s Edge 29 Grand Avenue was originally planned as a themed area called Muppet Studios following Disney s acquisition of the Jim Henson Company In addition to Muppet Vision 3D this area was to include a themed restaurant and a Muppet dark ride parody of The Great Movie Ride 30 31 The deal fell through after Henson s death and only Muppet Vision 3D was developed The realized Muppet themed section became a part of the park s former Streets of America area which encompassed several attractions including an urban street amalgamation of New York City and San Francisco The area s namesake street facades were formerly the park s working backlot set which was originally a component of the park s inaugural Studio Backlot Tour and opened to pedestrian park traffic in the mid 1990s this area closed on April 2 2016 32 33 The Muppet themed areas and a single remaining New York block of the Streets of America facades were repurposed into Muppets Courtyard which served as a placeholder designation until Grand Avenue was completed in September 2017 34 Star Wars Galaxy s Edge Main article Star Wars Galaxy s Edge Star Wars Galaxy s Edge Star Wars Galaxy s Edge is set within the Star Wars universe at the Black Spire Outpost village on the remote frontier planet of Batuu Attractions include Star Wars Rise of the Resistance a dark ride that places guests in a climactic battle between the First Order and the Resistance and Millennium Falcon Smugglers Run a flying simulator attraction that allows guests to pilot the Millennium Falcon through a customized secret mission on behalf of Hondo Ohnaka and Chewbacca Restaurants and shops include Oga s Cantina Savi s Workshop and the Droid Depot The land opened in 2019 replacing the park s Streets of America section 35 The 14 acre 5 7 ha area cost an estimated 1 billion 36 Toy Story Land Main article Toy Story Land Toy Story Land Toy Story Land is inspired by Pixar s Toy Story series The 11 acre 4 5 ha area is themed to Andy s backyard with three attractions each hosted by characters from the series 37 The attractions include Toy Story Mania an interactive 4D attraction inspired by classic carnival midway games Slinky Dog Dash an outdoor roller coaster and Alien Swirling Saucers a spinning teacup ride 37 38 The land opened on June 30 2018 38 Toy Story Mania was originally a standalone attraction within Pixar Place an area dedicated to films and characters created by Pixar resembling the animation studio s Emeryville California campus Pixar Place was also the home of Luxo Jr a six foot tall audio animatronic version of Pixar s desk lamp mascot 39 The moving character performed periodic shows throughout the day and evening across from Toy Story Midway Mania 39 Animation Courtyard Animation Courtyard Animation Courtyard is home to attractions based on films and characters created by Walt Disney Animation Studios Its entrance is marked by a square studio arch This section of the park originally was the starting point for the Studio Backlot Tour The former Magic of Disney Animation building hosts Star Wars Launch Bay a Star Wars exhibit featuring behind the scenes props and character meet and greets with Darth Vader Chewbacca and BB 8 Mickey Avenue a subsection of Animation Courtyard is home to a walk through exhibit Walt Disney Presents which explores the life and legacy of Walt Disney through photos models artifacts and a short biographical film narrated by Julie Andrews The Courtyard section also hosts two live shows Disney Junior Dance Party entertains guests with characters from Disney Junior series including Mickey and the Roadster Racers Vampirina Doc McStuffins and The Lion Guard Sunset Boulevard Sunset Boulevard Sunset Boulevard inspired by the real thoroughfare of the same name as well as the film of the same name was the first expansion of the park opening in July 1994 The focal point of Sunset Boulevard is The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror a thrill ride based on Rod Serling s The Twilight Zone Located nearby is Rock n Roller Coaster Starring Aerosmith an indoor darkened roller coaster themed to the music of Aerosmith with three inversions and a high speed launch Sunset Boulevard has two outdoor amphitheaters and one indoor theater The covered Theater of the Stars hosts Beauty and the Beast Live on Stage a stage show featuring highlights from the animated film The larger open air Hollywood Hills Amphitheater is the home of Fantasmic a nighttime show featuring Mickey Mouse and many other Disney characters in a story with fireworks lasers and water effects The completely indoor Sunset Showcase hosts Lightning McQueen s Racing Academy and features Lightning McQueen and other Cars characters teaching rookie racers about the lessons they ve learned when racing 40 Live entertainmentDisney s Hollywood Studios has featured numerous forms of in park entertainment throughout its history During its early years the park featured the Star Today program with a daily celebrity guest The celebrity would often be featured in a motorcade along Hollywood Boulevard or would take part in a handprint ceremony at the Great Movie Ride s entrance or participate in an interview session At other times Disney has imported characters and intellectual properties that were not part of its own original library of films and television shows Some of these characters have included the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Ace Ventura Pet Detective and characters from the Goosebumps series by author R L Stine The Mighty Morphin Power Rangers made appearances in the park during the first seasons of the television series but then vanished Disney had ownership of the Power Rangers franchise through its purchase of Saban Entertainment until May 2010 when Saban purchased the franchise back and were regular members of the park s cast of characters during that time 41 Live musical acts such as the cover band Mulch Sweat and Shears and the a cappella quartet Four For a Dollar used to perform on the park streets or as pre show entertainment at the larger shows 42 Like Disney s Animal Kingdom Disney s Hollywood Studios also used to run daily parades down Hollywood Boulevard The Disney Stars and Motor Cars Parade and the Pixar Block Party Bash featured film characters performing in a street party along Hollywood Boulevard and near Echo Lake Several times each day the High School Musical 3 Senior Year Right Here Right Now show used to travel Hollywood Boulevard before performing a live street show in front of the Sorcerer s Hat Streetmosphere performers have been present at Disney s Hollywood Studios since 1989 They are the only opening day attraction left in the park The improv troupe was originally called Streetmosphere but later renamed to the Citizens of Hollywood They perform magic skits and interact with guests multiple times a day on Sunset Boulevard and Hollywood Boulevard Annual events Imperial Stormtroopers parade near the Sorcerer s Hat during Star Wars Weekends Disney s Hollywood Studios has hosted several events during the years that often draw thousands of fans to the park There have also been four former events ESPN The Weekend late winter featured commentators from the Disney owned cable sports channels as well as sports celebrities The event was started in 2004 and permanently cancelled in July 2011 43 Star Wars Weekends May June brought Star Wars fans and celebrities together for special park events Running Fridays Sundays throughout June they featured the 501st Legion a worldwide Star Wars costuming group parading through the park in costumes that include Stormtroopers TIE fighter pilots biker scouts and Rebel soldiers Several Star Wars actors appear each weekend for photos and autographs appearing in a variety of shows hosted in the various theatres around the park larger Jedi Training Academy classes for younger guests and other activities 44 Star Wars Weekends ended its run in 2015 45 46 ABC Super Soap Weekend was scheduled in November the event paid tribute to the legions of fans of soap operas from ABC Guests could meet stars from All My Children One Life to Live and General Hospital The event s final presentation was in November 2008 with ABC instead planning to schedule multiple smaller regional events around the country for its fans 47 The Osborne Family Spectacle of Dancing Lights November January took over the Streets of America during the Christmas season 48 The display featured over five million Christmas lights on more than 350 miles 560 km of wire 49 The event ended its run in 2015 Production historyThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed May 2018 Learn how and when to remove this template message The former Streets of America area was originally a working backlot set with New York City facades and was used in several film productions A majority of the sets were demolished in 2016 The Walt Disney Company s original concept of the Disney MGM Studios was to operate it as a television and motion picture production facility as well as a theme park In 1988 among the first feature length movies filmed at the facility prior to its completion and opening as a theme park were Ernest Saves Christmas 50 and Newsies When the park opened in 1989 the studio production facilities housed two major components the first of which was Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida where Disney produced projects including Mulan 50 Lilo amp Stitch 51 Brother Bear and sequences from other 1990s early 2000s Disney animated features The second larger component was Walt Disney Studios Florida which consisted of three sound stages used for Disney projects including The Disney Channel s Mickey Mouse Club 52 Teen Win Lose or Draw and Adventures in Wonderland Several third party productions also used the Studios including Superboy first season only from 1988 1989 the 1988 89 season of MTV s Remote Control Thunder in Paradise a revival of Let s Make a Deal special broadcasts of Wheel of Fortune airplane interior sequences for the feature film Passenger 57 and The Dooley and Pals Show Music videos several tapings for World Championship Wrestling WCW and live broadcasts of WCW Monday Nitro were also shot there see WCW Disney tapings The Post Group had a Florida based post production facility located on the Studio lot throughout the 1990s All these production and post production facilities were constructed to be an integral part of the theme park s Backstage Studio Tour as well In 2004 Disney management including CEO Michael Eisner downsized Disney s Florida operations by closing the animation studio laying off personnel and then moving the operations to the main animation studio in Burbank California 51 53 A radio studio is also located on the lot behind Sounds Dangerous Attendance2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Worldwide rank9 699 000 54 9 912 000 55 10 110 000 56 10 312 000 57 10 828 000 58 10 776 000 59 10 772 000 60 11 258 000 5 11 483 000 61 3 675 000 61 9See alsoIncidents at Walt Disney World Resort Walt Disney Studios Park sister park at Disneyland ParisReferences Niles Robert November 25 2014 Turner Classic Movies Steps in to Sponsor Disney World s Great Movie Ride Theme Park Insider Archived from the original on January 19 2016 Retrieved January 20 2016 a b Bevil Dewayne February 7 2018 Disney Park is Hollywood Studios for foreseeable future Orlando Sentinel Retrieved February 8 2018 Schmalz Jeffrey August 13 1989 Nastiness Is Not a Fantasy in Movie Theme Park War New York Times Archived from the original on December 3 2010 Retrieved July 11 2011 a b Bevil Dewayne January 7 2015 Disney visitors say farewell to Hollywood Studios big hat Orlando Sentinel Archived from the original on January 7 2015 Retrieved January 7 2015 a b Au Tsz Yin Gigi Chang Bet Chen Bryan Cheu Linda Fischer Lucia Hoffman Marina Kondaurova Olga LaClair Kathleen Li Shaojin Linford Sarah Marling George Miller Erik Nevin Jennie Papamichael Margreet Robinett John Rubin Judith Sands Brian Selby William Timmins Matt Ventura Feliz Yoshii Chris May 21 2019 TEA AECOM 2018 Theme Index amp Museum Index Global Attractions Attendance Report PDF teaconnect org Themed Entertainment Association Archived from the original PDF on May 23 2019 Retrieved May 24 2019 Burke Bill May 5 2009 Mousejunkies Tips Tales and Tricks for a DISNEY WORLD Fix All You Need to Know for a Perfect Vacation Travelers Tales ISBN 9781932361759 Retrieved April 9 2016 Moyer Justin Wm Bill Cosby statue comes down at Disney park after drug revelations The Washington Post Archived from the original on October 8 2015 Retrieved April 9 2016 Rafferty Kevin P 2019 The Disney MGM Studios Expansion Magic Journey My Fantastical Walt Disney Imagineering Career Disney Books Group ISBN 9781368045148 Everything you Need to Know About the Citizens of Hollywood The Mouselets July 31 2018 Retrieved October 28 2019 Disney MGM winners at trial s end Variety October 26 1992 Russon Gabrielle June 14 2018 Disney MGM Studios moves on from Hollywood dreams to theme park reality Orlando Sentinel Retrieved June 15 2018 On With the Even Bigger Show New Name More Magic to Transform Disney Theme Park Archived from the original on September 12 2007 Retrieved September 28 2007 Disney Announces Name Change For MGM Studios Archived from the original on September 27 2007 Retrieved August 10 2007 Bevil Dewayne March 24 2016 Hollywood Studios attractions on their way out at Disney World orlandosentinel com Archived from the original on August 26 2016 Retrieved September 6 2016 Mauney Matt February 26 2015 Disney Hollywood Studios The hat is gone Orlando Sentinel Archived from the original on February 26 2015 Retrieved February 26 2015 Graser Marc March 12 2015 Disney s Hollywood Studios Theme Park to Get New Name Variety Archived from the original on March 15 2015 Retrieved March 16 2015 Fickley Baker Jennifer February 7 2018 Reimagining the Future of Disney s Hollywood Studios Disney Parks Blog Retrieved February 23 2018 Pedicini Sandra August 15 2015 Star Wars land coming to Disney s Hollywood Studios Orlando Sentinel OrlandoSentinel com Archived from the original on August 16 2015 Pedicini Sandra January 15 2016 Earffel Tower coming down attractions closing at Disney s Hollywood Studios Orlando Sentinel Archived from the original on January 3 2017 Retrieved November 21 2016 Bevil Dewayne Hollywood Studios Magic of Disney Animation closing next month OrlandoSentinel com Archived from the original on July 13 2015 Stein Mitchell August 13 2017 Guest Editorial The closure of The Great Movie Ride is the end of an era in Disney themeing Attractions Magazine Retrieved August 17 2017 Shane March 25 2014 Return to Opening Day Disney MGM Studios 1989 Parkeology Parkeology Archived from the original on April 17 2016 Frank Pallotta March 12 2020 Walt Disney World closes paralyzing the company s tourism empire CNN Retrieved July 17 2020 Laughing Place Staff May 27 2020 Live Blog Walt Disney World Presents Reopening Plans to Orange County Economic Recovery Taskforce Laughing Place Retrieved May 27 2020 Rasmussen Nate June 9 2011 Vintage Walt Disney World Sunset Boulevard Emerges Disney Parks Blog Archived from the original on April 17 2016 Retrieved April 9 2016 Delgado Lauren July 15 2016 PizzeRizzo opening this fall in Disney s Hollywood Studios Orlando Sentinel Archived from the original on July 20 2016 Retrieved July 15 2016 Bevil Dewayne November 7 2016 Latest look Changes underway at Disney s Hollywood Studios Orlando Sentinel Archived from the original on November 18 2016 Retrieved November 18 2016 Peabody Joan July 26 2017 New BaseLine Tap House Part of New Grand Avenue Area at Disney s Hollywood Studios Disney Parks Blog Archived from the original on July 26 2017 Retrieved July 26 2017 Bevil Dewayne April 30 2019 Get a sneak peek of the emerging landscape of Star Wars Galaxy s Edge at Disney World Orlando Sentinel Retrieved May 6 2019 Korkis Jim Walt Disney World Chronicles The Muppet Studios allears net Archived from the original on April 16 2016 Retrieved April 4 2016 Hill Jim You will believe that a Pig can fly Frogs too jimhillmedia com Archived from the original on April 13 2016 Retrieved April 4 2016 Smith Thomas Experience Lights Motors Action Extreme Stunt Show One More Time at Disney s Hollywood Studios Disney Parks Blog Archived from the original on January 15 2016 Retrieved January 15 2016 More closures planned including Earffel Tower for Disney s Hollywood Studios due to Star Wars Toy Story construction Inside the Magic January 15 2016 Archived from the original on January 17 2016 Bricker Tom July 26 2017 Grand Ave Coming to Disney s Hollywood Studios Disney Tourist Blog Disney Tourist Blog Vlessing Etan Parker Ryan March 7 2019 Star Wars Galaxy s Edge Sets Opening Dates The Hollywood Reporter Retrieved March 7 2019 Barnes Brooks July 15 2017 Disney Vows to Give Epcot a Magical Long Overdue Makeover The New York Times Archived from the original on July 15 2017 Retrieved July 16 2017 a b Martens Todd August 15 2015 Disney reveals plans for Toy Story Land and Avatar and more Star Wars Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on August 16 2015 Retrieved August 16 2015 a b Brucculieri Julia August 16 2015 Toy Story Land Is Coming To Disney s Hollywood Studios The Huffington Post Archived from the original on August 17 2015 Retrieved August 16 2015 a b Jason Garcia and Sara K Clarke June 8 2009 Wait may be more fun at Disney s Space Mountain Orlando Sentinel Archived from the original on June 10 2009 Retrieved June 8 2009 New Show Lightning McQueen s Racing Academy Opens at Disney s Hollywood Studios in Early 2019 Disney Parks Blog Retrieved January 21 2019 Littleton Cynthia May 12 2010 Saban re acquires rights to Rangers Variety Archived from the original on September 16 2010 Retrieved March 14 2017 Mulch Sweat and Shears ending at Hollywood Studios Attractions Magazine September 11 2015 Archived from the original on March 23 2016 Weiner Jeff No more ESPN The Weekend at Disney World articles orlandosentinel com Orlando Sentinel Archived from the original on October 22 2014 Retrieved October 16 2014 Star Wars Weekends Page Archived from the original on September 7 2007 Smith Thomas Disney s Hollywood Studios to Debut New Star Wars Experiences in December disneyparks disney go com Disney Parks Archived from the original on November 9 2015 Retrieved November 9 2015 Pedicini Sandra Santana Marco Star Wars Weekends ending at Disney s Hollywood Studios orlandosentinel com Orlando Sentinel Archived from the original on November 9 2015 Retrieved November 9 2015 Official Super Soap Weekend Page Archived from the original on October 16 2007 Event Home Page Archived from the original on August 30 2007 Mickey Monitor Passholder newsletter October 2007 page 2 a b Films and Shows shot on location at Walt Disney World BestofOrlando com www bestoforlando com May 30 2014 a b Stewart James B 2005 DisneyWar Simon and Schuster pp 472 473 ISBN 9780743283908 Weeks later on January 12 Disney announced that it was shutting down its Orlando animation unit where Lilo amp Stitch had been created Pedicini Sandra December 1 2014 Disney s Hollywood Studios A park in transition Orlando Sentinel Disney closes Florida studio 258 jobs may be lost Jan 12 2004 CNN Money January 12 2004 TEA AECOM 2011 Global Attractions Report PDF Themed Entertainment Association 2011 Archived from the original PDF on October 18 2015 Retrieved November 20 2012 TEA AECOM 2012 Global Attractions Report PDF Themed Entertainment Association 2012 Retrieved June 7 2013 TEA AECOM 2013 Global Attractions Report PDF Themed Entertainment Association 2014 Archived from the original PDF on June 6 2014 Retrieved June 6 2014 Rubin Judith Au Tsz Yin Gigi Chang Beth Cheu Linda Elsea Daniel LaClair Kathleen Lock Jodie Linford Sarah Miller Erik Nevin Jennie Papamichael Margreet Pincus Jeff Robinett John Sands Brian Selby Will Timmins Matt Ventura Feliz Yoshii Chris TEA AECOM 2014 Theme Index amp Museum Index The Global Attractions Attendance Report PDF aecom com Themed Entertainment Association TEA Retrieved June 4 2015 TEA AECOM 2015 Global Attractions Attendance Report PDF Themed Entertainment Association 2015 Archived PDF from the original on July 3 2016 Retrieved May 25 2016 Au Tsz Yin Gigi Chang Bet Chen Bryan Cheu Linda Fischer Lucia Hoffman Marina Kondaurova Olga LaClair Kathleen Li Shaojin Linford Sarah Marling George Miller Erik Nevin Jennie Papamichael Margreet Robinett John Rubin Judith Sands Brian Selby William Timmins Matt Ventura Feliz Yoshii Chris June 1 2017 TEA AECOM 2016 Theme Index amp Museum Index Global Attractions Attendance Report PDF aecom com Themed Entertainment Association Retrieved July 26 2017 Au Tsz Yin Gigi Chang Bet Chen Bryan Cheu Linda Fischer Lucia Hoffman Marina Kondaurova Olga LaClair Kathleen Li Shaojin Linford Sarah Marling George Miller Erik Nevin Jennie Papamichael Margreet Robinett John Rubin Judith Sands Brian Selby William Timmins Matt Ventura Feliz Yoshii Chris May 17 2018 TEA AECOM 2017 Theme Index amp Museum Index Global Attractions Attendance Report PDF teaconnect org Themed Entertainment Association Archived from the original PDF on June 2 2017 Retrieved May 17 2018 a b TEA AECOM 2020 Theme Index amp Museum Index Global Attractions Attendance Report PDF teaconnect org Themed Entertainment Association May 2022 Retrieved May 30 2022 External linksOfficial website Disney s Hollywood Studios at the Roller Coaster DataBase Conception of Disney s Hollywood Studios at Disney D23Portals Disney FloridaDisney s Hollywood Studios at Wikipedia s sister projects Media from Commons Travel guides from Wikivoyage Data from Wikidata Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Disney 27s Hollywood Studios amp oldid 1162767488, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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