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Congressional Equality Caucus

The Congressional Equality Caucus, formerly the Congressional LGBTQ+ Caucus, was formed by openly gay representatives Tammy Baldwin and Barney Frank June 4, 2008, to advance LGBT+ rights.[1][2] The caucus is chaired by the most senior member and is co-chaired by the United States House of Representatives' current nine (of ten) openly LGBT members; during the 118th Congress, the caucus is chaired by Representative Mark Pocan and is co-chaired by Representatives Becca Balint, Angie Craig, Sharice Davids, Robert Garcia, Chris Pappas, Mark Pocan, Eric Sorensen, Mark Takano, and Ritchie Torres.[3]

Congressional Equality Caucus
Founded2008
IdeologyLGBTQ rights
Seats in the House
195 / 435
Seats in the House Democratic Caucus
195 / 212
Seats in the House Republican Caucus
0 / 222
Seats in the United States Senate
0 / 100
Congressional LGBT Equality Caucus Members at the Kick-off Press Conference from left to right: Niki Tsongas (D–MA), José E. Serrano (D–NY), Xavier Becerra (D–CA), Hilda Solis (D–CA), Jerry Nadler (D–NY), Barbara Lee (D–CA), Tammy Baldwin (D–WI), Lois Capps (D–CA), Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R–FL), Linda Sánchez (D–CA), Mike Honda (D–CA), Jim McGovern (D–MA), Barney Frank (D–MA), Chris Shays (R–CT)

With 195 members, the Congressional Equality Caucus became the largest caucus during the 118th United States Congress session.

Mission Edit

The mission of the caucus is to work for LGBTQ rights, the repeal of laws discriminatory against LGBTQ persons, the elimination of hate-motivated violence, and improved health and well-being for all persons, regardless of sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression.[4] The caucus serves as a resource for Members of Congress, their staffs, and the public on LGBTQ issues.[4] Unlike the Congressional Black Caucus, famous for admitting only black members, the LGBTQ+ Equality Caucus admits any member who is willing to advance LGBTQ rights, regardless of their sexual identity or orientation; it has historically been co-chaired by every openly-LGBTQ member of the House.

Equality PAC Edit

In February 2016, the caucus formed the Equality PAC to support candidates running for federal office who are LGBTQ or seek to advance LGBTQ rights. On March 14, 2016, the board of the Equality PAC voted to endorse Hillary Clinton in the 2016 Presidential election.[5]

Task forces Edit

During the 114th United States Congress, the caucus formed the Transgender Equality Task Force (TETF) and the LGBTQ+ Aging Issues Task Force. The TETF is currently chaired by Pramila Jayapal and Sara Jacobs and is committed to pushing for legislative and administrative action to ensure that transgender people are treated equally and with dignity and respect. The LGBTQ+ Aging Issues Task Force is currently chaired by Suzanne Bonamici and works to push for legislative and administrative action to protect the dignity and security of elderly LGBTQ people.[6]

Membership Edit

 
Congressional Equality Caucus in the 118th United States Congress
  Democratic members (195)
  Democratic non-members (17)

The below table summarizes the number of caucus members by party over a number of legislative sessions; the drop in membership numbers in the 114th congress was predominantly due to this being the first year that caucus members were charged fees for their membership ($400 per member, $2,100 per vice chair, $7,500 per co-chair):[7]

Congress Democratic Republican Total
111th 90 1 91[8]
112th 101 3 104[9]
113th 112 2 114[10]
114th 55 0 55[11]
115th 113 2 115[12]
116th 164 1 165[13]
117th 175 0 175[14]
118th 195 0 195[15]

List of Caucus members in the 118th Congress:

Co-chairs Edit

Vice chairs Edit

Members Edit

Former co-chairs Edit

Former members Edit

See also Edit

References Edit

  1. ^ (Press release). LGBT Equality Caucus. June 4, 2008. Archived from the original on December 11, 2012. Retrieved January 5, 2013.
  2. ^ "U.S. House Members Form First Congressional LGBT Equality Caucus", The Advocate, February 5, 2008, retrieved April 7, 2010
  3. ^ "Hoyer Congratulates Leaders of the Congressional LGBTQ+ Equality Caucus for the 117th Congress". December 18, 2020.
  4. ^ a b "Mission". LGBT Equality Caucus. June 12, 2014. Retrieved February 21, 2019.
  5. ^ Equality PAC latest to endorse Clinton
  6. ^ "Task Forces". LGBT Equality Caucus. March 25, 2019. Retrieved April 17, 2019.
  7. ^ "Membership in LGBT caucus may decline in 114th Congress". February 4, 2015.
  8. ^ . Archived from the original on February 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2011.
  9. ^ . Archived from the original on December 11, 2012. Retrieved January 5, 2013.
  10. ^ "Previous Membership". LGBTQ+ Equality Caucus. January 5, 2015. Retrieved February 6, 2022.
  11. ^ . Congressional Equality Caucus. February 23, 2015. Archived from the original on August 5, 2020. Retrieved June 4, 2023.
  12. ^ . Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
  13. ^ "House LGBT Caucus Announces Largest Membership in Caucus History with 165 Members in the 116th Congress". March 11, 2019. Retrieved June 8, 2019.
  14. ^ "Congressional LGBTQ+ Equality Caucus Members". February 8, 2022. Retrieved February 8, 2022.
  15. ^ "Congressional Equality Members". February 22, 2023.

External links Edit

congressional, equality, caucus, formerly, congressional, lgbtq, caucus, formed, openly, representatives, tammy, baldwin, barney, frank, june, 2008, advance, lgbt, rights, caucus, chaired, most, senior, member, chaired, united, states, house, representatives, . The Congressional Equality Caucus formerly the Congressional LGBTQ Caucus was formed by openly gay representatives Tammy Baldwin and Barney Frank June 4 2008 to advance LGBT rights 1 2 The caucus is chaired by the most senior member and is co chaired by the United States House of Representatives current nine of ten openly LGBT members during the 118th Congress the caucus is chaired by Representative Mark Pocan and is co chaired by Representatives Becca Balint Angie Craig Sharice Davids Robert Garcia Chris Pappas Mark Pocan Eric Sorensen Mark Takano and Ritchie Torres 3 Congressional Equality CaucusFounded2008IdeologyLGBTQ rightsSeats in the House195 435Seats in the House Democratic Caucus195 212Seats in the House Republican Caucus0 222Seats in the United States Senate0 100Politics of United StatesPolitical partiesElectionsCongressional LGBT Equality Caucus Members at the Kick off Press Conference from left to right Niki Tsongas D MA Jose E Serrano D NY Xavier Becerra D CA Hilda Solis D CA Jerry Nadler D NY Barbara Lee D CA Tammy Baldwin D WI Lois Capps D CA Ileana Ros Lehtinen R FL Linda Sanchez D CA Mike Honda D CA Jim McGovern D MA Barney Frank D MA Chris Shays R CT With 195 members the Congressional Equality Caucus became the largest caucus during the 118th United States Congress session Contents 1 Mission 1 1 Equality PAC 1 2 Task forces 2 Membership 2 1 Co chairs 2 2 Vice chairs 2 3 Members 3 Former co chairs 4 Former members 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksMission EditThe mission of the caucus is to work for LGBTQ rights the repeal of laws discriminatory against LGBTQ persons the elimination of hate motivated violence and improved health and well being for all persons regardless of sexual orientation gender identity or gender expression 4 The caucus serves as a resource for Members of Congress their staffs and the public on LGBTQ issues 4 Unlike the Congressional Black Caucus famous for admitting only black members the LGBTQ Equality Caucus admits any member who is willing to advance LGBTQ rights regardless of their sexual identity or orientation it has historically been co chaired by every openly LGBTQ member of the House Equality PAC Edit In February 2016 the caucus formed the Equality PAC to support candidates running for federal office who are LGBTQ or seek to advance LGBTQ rights On March 14 2016 the board of the Equality PAC voted to endorse Hillary Clinton in the 2016 Presidential election 5 Task forces Edit During the 114th United States Congress the caucus formed the Transgender Equality Task Force TETF and the LGBTQ Aging Issues Task Force The TETF is currently chaired by Pramila Jayapal and Sara Jacobs and is committed to pushing for legislative and administrative action to ensure that transgender people are treated equally and with dignity and respect The LGBTQ Aging Issues Task Force is currently chaired by Suzanne Bonamici and works to push for legislative and administrative action to protect the dignity and security of elderly LGBTQ people 6 Membership Edit nbsp Congressional Equality Caucus in the 118th United States Congress Democratic members 195 Democratic non members 17 The below table summarizes the number of caucus members by party over a number of legislative sessions the drop in membership numbers in the 114th congress was predominantly due to this being the first year that caucus members were charged fees for their membership 400 per member 2 100 per vice chair 7 500 per co chair 7 Congress Democratic Republican Total111th 90 1 91 8 112th 101 3 104 9 113th 112 2 114 10 114th 55 0 55 11 115th 113 2 115 12 116th 164 1 165 13 117th 175 0 175 14 118th 195 0 195 15 List of Caucus members in the 118th Congress Co chairs Edit Becca Balint D Vermont Angie Craig D Minnesota Sharice Davids D Kansas Robert Garcia D California Chris Pappas D New Hampshire Mark Pocan D Wisconsin Eric Sorensen D Illinois Mark Takano D California Ritchie Torres D New York Vice chairs Edit Suzanne Bonamici D Oregon Judy Chu D California Lloyd Doggett D Texas Lizzie Fletcher D Texas Maxwell Frost D Florida Ruben Gallego D Arizona Sara Jacobs D California Pramila Jayapal D Washington Dan Kildee D Michigan Raja Krishnamoorthi D Illinois Barbara Lee D California Ted Lieu D California Grace Meng D New York Jerrold Nadler D New York Scott Peters D California Chellie Pingree D Maine Mike Quigley D Illinois Jamie Raskin D Maryland Linda Sanchez D California Mary Gay Scanlon D Pennsylvania Adam Schiff D California Darren Soto D Florida Debbie Wasserman Schultz D Florida Jennifer Wexton D Virginia Members Edit Alma Adams D North Carolina Pete Aguilar D California Colin Allred D Texas Jake Auchincloss D Massachusetts Nanette Barragan D California Joyce Beatty D Ohio Ami Bera D California Don Beyer D Virginia Lisa Blunt Rochester D Delaware Jamaal Bowman D New York Brendan Boyle D Pennsylvania Shontel Brown D Ohio Julia Brownley D California Nikki Budzinski D Illinois Cori Bush D Missouri Yadira Caraveo D Colorado Salud Carbajal D California Tony Cardenas D California Andre Carson D Indiana Troy Carter D Louisiana Matt Cartwright D Pennsylvania Greg Casar D Texas Ed Case D Hawaii Sean Casten D Illinois Kathy Castor D Florida Joaquin Castro D Texas Sheila Cherfilus McCormick D Florida Yvette Clarke D New York Emanuel Cleaver D Missouri Steve Cohen D Tennessee Gerry Connolly D Virginia Lou Correa D California Jim Costa D California Joe Courtney D Connecticut Jasmine Crockett D Texas Jason Crow D Colorado Danny K Davis D Illinois Madeleine Dean D Pennsylvania Diana DeGette D Colorado Rosa DeLauro D Connecticut Suzan DelBene D Washington Chris Deluzio D Pennsylvania Mark DeSaulnier D California Debbie Dingell D Michigan Veronica Escobar D Texas Anna Eshoo D California Adriano Espaillat D New York Dwight Evans D Pennsylvania Bill Foster D Illinois Valerie Foushee D North Carolina Lois Frankel D Florida John Garamendi D California Chuy Garcia D Illinois Sylvia Garcia D Texas Marie Gluesenkamp Perez D Washington Jared Golden D Maine Dan Goldman D New York Jimmy Gomez D California Vincente Gonzalez D Texas Josh Gottheimer D New Jersey Al Green D Texas Raul Grijalva D Arizona Jahana Hayes D Connecticut Brian Higgins D New York Jim Himes D Connecticut Steven Horsford D Nevada Chrissy Houlahan D Pennsylvania Val Hoyle D Oregon Jared Huffman D California Glenn Ivey D Maryland Jeff Jackson D North Carolina Sheila Jackson Lee D Texas Hank Johnson D Georgia Sydney Kamlager Dove D California Bill Keating D Massachusetts Robin Kelly D Illinois Ro Khanna D California Derek Kilmer D Washington Andy Kim D New Jersey Ann McLane Kuster D New Hampshire Greg Landsman D Ohio Rick Larsen D Washington John B Larson D Connecticut Summer Lee D Pennsylvania Susie Lee D Nevada Teresa Leger Fernandez D New Mexico Mike Levin D California Zoe Lofgren D California Stephen F Lynch D Massachusetts Seth Magaziner D Rhode Island Kathy Manning D North Carolina Doris Matsui D California Lucy McBath D Georgia Jennifer McClellan D Virginia Morgan McGarvey D Kentucky James McGovern D Massachusetts Gregory Meeks D New York Rob Menendez D New Jersey Kweisi Mfume D Maryland Gwen Moore D Wisconsin Joseph Morelle D New York Jared Moskowitz D Florida Seth Moulton D Massachusetts Frank J Mrvan D Indiana Kevin Mullin D California Grace Napolitano D California Joe Neguse D Colorado Wiley Nickel D North Carolina Donald Norcross D New Jersey Eleanor Holmes Norton D District of Columbia Alexandria Ocasio Cortez D New York Ilhan Omar D Minnesota Frank Pallone D New Jersey Jimmy Panetta D California Bill Pascrell D New Jersey Nancy Pelosi D California Brittany Pettersen D Colorado Dean Phillips D Minnesota Katie Porter D California Ayanna Pressley D Massachusetts Delia Ramirez D Illinois Deborah K Ross D North Carolina Raul Ruiz D California Dutch Ruppersberger D Maryland Pat Ryan D New York Andrea Salinas D Oregon John Sarbanes D Maryland Jan Schakowsky D Illinois Brad Schneider D Illinois Hillary Scholten D Michigan Kim Schrier D Washington Bobby Scott D Virginia David Scott D Georgia Terri Sewell D Alabama Brad Sherman D California Mikie Sherrill D New Jersey Elissa Slotkin D Michigan Adam Smith D Washington Abigail Spanberger D Virginia Melanie Stansbury D New Mexico Greg Stanton D Arizona Haley Stevens D Michigan Marilyn Strickland D Washington Eric Swalwell D California Emilia Sykes D Ohio Shri Thanedar D Michigan Dina Titus D Nevada Rashida Tlaib D Michigan Jill Tokuda D Hawaii Paul Tonko D New York Norma Torres D California Lori Trahan D Massachusetts David Trone D Maryland Lauren Underwood D Illinois Juan Vargas D California Gabe Vasquez D New Mexico Marc Veasey D Texas Nydia Velazquez D New York Bonnie Watson Coleman D New Jersey Susan Wild D Pennsylvania Nikema Williams D Georgia Frederica Wilson D Florida Former co chairs EditTammy Baldwin D Wisconsin elected to Senate in 2012 David Cicilline D Rhode Island retired in 2023 Barney Frank D Massachusetts retired in 2013 Mondaire Jones D New York lost renomination in 2022 due to redistricting Sean Patrick Maloney D New York lost re election in 2022 Jared Polis D Colorado elected to become Governor of Colorado in 2018 Kyrsten Sinema D Arizona elected to Senate in 2018 Katie Hill D California resigned in 2019 Former members EditNeil Abercrombie D Hawaii resigned to successfully run for Governor of Hawaii in 2010 Rob Andrews D New Jersey resigned in 2014 Gary Ackerman D New York retired in 2013 Karen Bass D California retired to run successfully for Mayor of Los Angeles in 2022 Xavier Becerra D California retired to successfully run for California Attorney General in 2017 Shelley Berkley D Nevada unsuccessfully ran for Senate in 2012 Howard Berman D California defeated in 2012 Earl Blumenauer D Oregon left caucus in 2023 Bob Brady D Pennsylvania Bruce Braley D Iowa unsuccessfully ran for Senate in 2014 Anthony Brindisi D New York defeated in 2021 after contested election Anthony Brown D Maryland retired to run successfully to become Attorney General of Maryland in 2022 Tim Bishop D New York retired in 2015 Cheri Bustos D Illinois retired in 2022 Lois Capps D California retired in 2017 Michael Capuano D Massachusetts Gil Cisneros D California defeated in 2020 Katherine Clark D Massachusetts left caucus when elected Minority Whip Hansen Clarke D Michigan defeated in 2012 Gerry Connolly D Virginia John Conyers D Michigan TJ Cox D California defeated in 2020 Charlie Crist D Florida retired to run unsuccessfully for Governor of Florida in 2022 Joe Cunningham D South Carolina defeated in 2020 Carlos Curbelo R Florida defeated in 2018 Susan Davis D California retired in 2021 Peter DeFazio D Oregon Bill Delahunt D Massachusetts retired in 2011 John Delaney D Maryland Rosa DeLauro D Connecticut Antonio Delgado D New York resigned in 2022 to successfully become Lieutenant Governor of New York Val Demings D Florida retired Ted Deutch D Florida resigned in 2022 to head the American Jewish Committee Mike Doyle D Pennsylvania Keith Ellison D Minnesota Eliot Engel D New York defeated in primary in 2020 Elizabeth Esty D Connecticut Chaka Fattah D Pennsylvania Bob Filner D California resigned to successfully run for Mayor of San Diego in 2012 Abby Finkenauer D Iowa defeated in 2020 Marcia L Fudge D Ohio Chuy Garcia D Illinois Tulsi Gabbard D Hawaii unsuccessfully ran for Democratic Party Presidential Nominee in 2020 did not run for reelection Gabby Giffords D Arizona resigned in 2012 Charlie Gonzalez D Texas retired in 2013 Luis Gutierrez D Illinois Deb Haaland D New Mexico resigned to become United States Secretary of the Interior in 2021 Josh Harder D California left caucus in 2023 Kai Kahele D Hawaii retired to run unsuccessfully for Governor of Hawaii in 2022 Janice Hahn D California elected to Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors in 2016 Colleen Hanabusa D Hawaii unsuccessfully ran for Governor of Hawaii in 2018 Richard L Hanna R New York retired in 2017 Phil Hare D Illinois defeated in 2010 Jane Harman D California resigned in 2011 Alcee Hastings D Florida died in 2021 Nan Hayworth R New York defeated in 2012 Denny Heck D Washington successfully ran for Lt Governor of Washington in 2020 Martin Heinrich D New Mexico elected to Senate in 2012 Maurice Hinchey D New York retired in 2013 Mazie Hirono D Hawaii elected to Senate in 2012 Eleanor Holmes Norton D District of Columbia Rush Holt Jr D New Jersey retired in 2015 Steve Israel D New York retired in 2017 Hakeem Jeffries D New York left caucus when elected Minority Leader Eddie Bernice Johnson D Texas retired in 2022 Joe Kennedy III D Massachusetts unsuccessfully ran for Democratic nominee for U S Senate in 2020 did not run for reelection Patrick J Kennedy D Rhode Island retired in 2011 Ruben Kihuen D Nevada Mary Jo Kilroy D Ohio defeated in 2010 Dennis Kucinich D Ohio defeated in 2012 Conor Lamb D Pennsylvania retired to run unsuccessfully for Democratic nomination for U S Senate of Pennsylvania in 2022 James Langevin D Rhode Island Andy Levin D Michigan lost nomination in 2022 Sander Levin D Michigan John Lewis D Georgia Dave Loebsack D Iowa retired in 2021 Alan Lowenthal D California retired in 2022 Nita Lowey D New York retired in 2021 Elaine Luria D Vermont lost reelection in 2022 Michelle Lujan Grisham D New Mexico elected to become Governor of New Mexico in 2018 Stephen Lynch D Massachusetts Dan Maffei D New York defeated in 2014 Tom Malinowski D New Jersey lost reelection in 2022 Carolyn Maloney D New York lost renomination in 2022 Ben McAdams D Utah defeated in 2020 Carolyn McCarthy D New York Betty McCollum D Minnesota Jim McDermott D Washington retired in 2017 Jim McGovern D Massachusetts Don McEachin D Virginia died in 2022 Michael McMahon D New York defeated in 2010 Jerry McNerney D California Michael R McNulty D New York retired in 2008 George Miller D California retired in 2015 Jim Moran D Virginia retired in 2015 Debbie Mucarsel Powell D Florida defeated in 2020 Chris Murphy D Connecticut elected to Senate in 2012 Patrick Murphy D Pennsylvania defeated in 2010 Patrick Murphy D Florida unsuccessfully ran for Senate in 2016 Stephanie Murphy D Florida retired in 2022 Grace Napolitano D California Marie Newman D Illinois lost renomination in 2022 Beto O Rourke D Texas Ed Perlmutter D Colorado retired in 2022 Gary Peters D Michigan elected to Senate in 2014 Kathleen Rice D New York retired Laura Richardson D California defeated in 2012 Ileana Ros Lehtinen R Florida retired in 2019 Max Rose D New York defeated in 2020 Steven Rothman D New Jersey defeated in 2012 Harley Rouda D California defeated in 2020 Gregorio Sablan D Northern Mariana Islands Loretta Sanchez D California John Sarbanes D Maryland Kurt Schrader D Oregon Allyson Schwartz D Pennsylvania unsuccessfully ran for Governor of Pennsylvania in 2014 Jose E Serrano D New York retired in 2021 Joe Sestak D Pennsylvania unsuccessfully ran for Senate in 2010 Donna Shalala D Florida defeated in 2020 Chris Shays R Connecticut defeated in 2008 Carol Shea Porter D New Hampshire Hilda Solis D California resigned to become United States Secretary of Labor in 2009 Pete Stark D California defeated in 2012 Betty Sutton D Ohio defeated in 2012 Xochitl Torres Small D New Mexico defeated in 2020 Edolphus Towns D New York retired in 2013 Jeff Van Drew R New Jersey left caucus in 2020 rejoined in 2021 and left again in 2022 Chris Van Hollen D Maryland elected to Senate in 2016 Tim Walz D Minnesota elected to become Governor of Minnesota in 2018 Peter Welch D Vermont retired to successfully run for United States Senator of Vermont Robert Wexler D Florida resigned to become president of the Center for Middle East Peace and Economic Cooperation in 2010 Lynn Woolsey D California retired in 2013 David Wu D Oregon resigned in 2011 See also Edit nbsp LGBT portalCongressional caucus Caucuses of the United States Congress List of LGBT members of the United States Congress California Legislative LGBT Caucus Pennsylvania LGBT Equality Caucus New York City Council LGBT CaucusReferences Edit House Members Form LGBT Equality Caucus Goal is Equality for Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender LGBT Americans Press release LGBT Equality Caucus June 4 2008 Archived from the original on December 11 2012 Retrieved January 5 2013 U S House Members Form First Congressional LGBT Equality Caucus The Advocate February 5 2008 retrieved April 7 2010 Hoyer Congratulates Leaders of the Congressional LGBTQ Equality Caucus for the 117th Congress December 18 2020 a b Mission LGBT Equality Caucus June 12 2014 Retrieved February 21 2019 Equality PAC latest to endorse Clinton Task Forces LGBT Equality Caucus March 25 2019 Retrieved April 17 2019 Membership in LGBT caucus may decline in 114th Congress February 4 2015 LGBT Equality Caucus Membership List Archived from the original on February 3 2011 Retrieved January 19 2011 LGBT Equality Caucus Membership List Archived from the original on December 11 2012 Retrieved January 5 2013 Previous Membership LGBTQ Equality Caucus January 5 2015 Retrieved February 6 2022 House Equality Caucus Announces Membership for the 114th Congress Congressional Equality Caucus February 23 2015 Archived from the original on August 5 2020 Retrieved June 4 2023 House LGBT Caucus Announces Bipartisan 102 Person Membership in the 115th Congress LGBT Equality Caucus Archived from the original on December 1 2017 Retrieved November 20 2017 House LGBT Caucus Announces Largest Membership in Caucus History with 165 Members in the 116th Congress March 11 2019 Retrieved June 8 2019 Congressional LGBTQ Equality Caucus Members February 8 2022 Retrieved February 8 2022 Congressional Equality Members February 22 2023 External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Congressional LGBT Equality Caucus LGBTQ Equality Caucus official website LGBT Equality Caucus web archived 115th Congress Congressional caucus launched for LGBT rights The Advocate Gay com June 4 2008 DiGuglielmo Joey Frank Baldwin launch LGBT Equality Caucus The Washington Blade June 4 2008 Keith Ellison is Proud to be Named Vice Chairman of Bipartisan Congressional LGBT Equality Caucus Re Elect Keith Ellison for U S Congress retrieved July 20 2008 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Congressional Equality Caucus amp oldid 1178712359, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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