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Circle in the Square Theatre

January 19, 2023

The Circle in the Square Theatre is a Broadway theater at 235 West 50th Street, within the basement of Paramount Plaza, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. The current Broadway theater, completed in 1972, is the successor of an off-Broadway theater of the same name, co-founded around 1950 by a group that included Theodore Mann and José Quintero. The Broadway venue was designed by Allen Sayles; it originally contained 650 seats and uses a thrust stage that extends into the audience on three sides.

Circle in the Square Theatre
Circle in the Square
Address235 West 50th St., Manhattan
New York City
United States
Coordinates40°45′44″N 73°59′05″W / 40.7621°N 73.9848°W / 40.7621; -73.9848Coordinates: 40°45′44″N 73°59′05″W / 40.7621°N 73.9848°W / 40.7621; -73.9848
OwnerParamount Group
OperatorCircle in the Square (Paul Libin, President)
TypeBroadway theater
Capacity840[1]
Construction
Built1969–1972
Opened1972
ArchitectAlan Sayles, Jules Fisher, consultant

The Circle in the Square Theatre was named for its first location at 5 Sheridan Square in Greenwich Village, which opened in February 1951 and was operated as a theater in the round. During the 1950s and 1960s, the theater became what Women's Wear Daily described as the "center of Off-Broadway". The Sheridan Square theater was closed temporarily between 1954 and 1955 and was demolished in 1960. The company then moved to 159 Bleecker Street, known as Circle in the Square Downtown; that location continued to operate until about 1995. In addition to its Sheridan Square and Bleecker Street locations, the Circle hosted shows at other locations such as Ford's Theatre and the Henry Miller's Theatre.

The Gershwin Theatre and the Circle in the Square's Broadway house were built as part of Paramount Plaza (originally known as the Uris Building). The Circle's Broadway house opened on November 15, 1972, and operated as a non-profit, subscription-supported producing house for the next 25 years. The theater typically presented three or for shows per year in the 1970s and 1980s, but, by the 1990s, the theater had a $1.5 million deficit. Following an unsuccessful attempt to appoint new leadership in 1994, the company filed for bankruptcy in 1997. The theater reopened in 1999, now operating as an independent commercial receiving house. Profits from the operation of the theater are used to support the Circle in the Square Theatre School.

Design

The Circle in the Square Theatre is in the basement of Paramount Plaza.[2] It was designed by Allen Sayles, with a lighting system designed by Jules Fisher.[2][3] The Circle operates its own venue, which was originally known as the Circle in the Square–Joseph E. Levine Theatre.[4][5] It is one of Paramount Plaza's two theaters, the other being the much larger Gershwin Theatre on the second floor.[6][7] Paramount Plaza's two venues, along with the Minskoff and American Place theaters, were constructed under the Special Theater District amendment of 1967 as a way to give their respective developers additional floor area.[8] The space is accessed via escalators from street level,[3][9] as well as via stairs.[3][10]

The theater was built with a capacity of 650 seats;[2][11] as of 2022, the theater has 751 seats.[12] The space was originally meant as an off-Broadway house with fewer than 500 seats, but the Circle's artistic director Theodore Mann and its managing director Paul Libin increased the capacity by relocating columns and replaced steps with ramps.[13] Originally, the theater was decorated with red seats, and it had a red-and-gray carpet in a checkerboard pattern. The Circle's symbol, a cube, was incorporated into the design of the carpet and the light.[3] The top of the auditorium contains soundproof panels, which minimized noise from police horses when the theater opened.[13] A soundproof control booth was placed at the rear of the auditorium.[10]

The Circle contains a thrust stage, with seats surrounding it on three sides,[13][14] similar to the venue's off-Broadway predecessors.[15] It is one of two Broadway houses with a thrust stage; the other is Lincoln Center's Vivian Beaumont Theater. Because of the stage's unconventional design, theatrical critics negatively reviewed it, while directors had difficulty staging productions there.[16] Conversely, the design allowed the audience to be extremely close to the stage, as there were only ten rows of seats.[17] According to Mann, the design of the current Circle in the Square was based on the predecessor theaters. These, in turn, were based on a recommendation from theater critic Brooks Atkinson, who had told Mann: "When you walk in the door, you should see the stage—that should predominate—not the audience."[3]

Off-Broadway predecessors

The Circle in the Square was founded by Theodore Mann, José Quintero, Jason Wingreen, Aileen Cramer, Emily Stevens, and Edward Mann, all of whom were members of the Loft Players.[18][19][a] The theater's founders were in their mid-20s and were described by The New York Times as having "little training, less experience, and no reputation in the theater".[20] Sources disagree on when the organization was founded, but it may have been established in 1949[21] or 1950.[22][23] The founding team wished to establish a "center dedicated to the development and presentation of all the arts".[24] The team could not afford to open their theater in Manhattan's high-rent Theater District.[24] Upon the recommendation of Mann's father Martin M. Goldman,[25] the team opted for a location in Greenwich Village, which had a myriad of empty theaters.[24]

During the 1950s and 1960s, the theater became what Women's Wear Daily described as the "center of Off-Broadway", largely staging revivals at a time when traditional Broadway theaters presented experimental shows.[26] Mel Gussow of The New York Times similarly described the original Circle as being within "the heartbeat of Off-Broadway" in Sheridan Square.[27] Over the years, actors such as Colleen Dewhurst, Geraldine Page, Jason Robards, Bradford Dillman, Dustin Hoffman, George Segal, George C. Scott, and James Earl Jones starred in the company's productions.[28][10] In addition, the theater attracted such directors as Michael Cacoyannis, William Ball, and Alan Arkin.[28] The Circle tended to stage productions by well-known playwrights such as Tennessee Williams, Eugene O'Neill, Jean Giraudoux, Dylan Thomas, and Jules Feiffer.[10]

5 Sheridan Square

The first Circle in the Square Theatre was at 5 Sheridan Square (also known as the Greenwich Village Inn[25][29]), a former nightclub in Greenwich Village.[22] The Circle's founders signed a 10-year lease on the building.[21][30] When the team signed the lease in 1951, they had $320 between them,[31] including $300 that they had earned from operating a summer theater in Woodstock, New York.[32] The Circle's founders raised $7,500,[33] and Goldman formed Onyx Restaurants Inc. to lease the inn on behalf of the team, which was responsible for paying $1,000 a month in rent.[30] The inn occupied a pair of brownstone residences. The first-floor living and dining rooms in one of the residences had been converted to a rectangular dance floor, while the three stories above the dance floor included 15 rooms.[25] There was a bar in the rear of the dance floor, as well as a kitchen in the basement.[34] Due to the inn's configuration, the theater's founders decided to operate the Circle as a theater in the round, wherein the audience surrounded the stage (a converted dance floor).[20][34] The theater, and the eponymous company, derived their name from the facility's layout and its location at Sheridan Square.[22][21][31]

The theater was planned to open in November 1950, but the opening was delayed by two and a half months due to difficulties in securing a theatrical license.[33] Ultimately, the Circle's founders were only allowed a cabaret license.[22][31] The theater's first production was the play Dark of the Moon,[22][35] which opened in February 1951.[36] At the time, the off-Broadway industry was still relatively obscure[31] and was not covered by mainstream newspapers.[35] Mann, Quintero, and all actors were paid a flat salary of $20 per week.[32] The Circle became more popular after theatrical critic Brooks Atkinson praised the Circle's production of Williams's Summer and Smoke in 1952.[26][31] Mann said Atkinson's review prompted guests to line up for tickets during July, at a time when theaters traditionally closed in the summer due to a lack of air conditioning.[26] Quintero directed some of the theater's most popular early productions, including The Grass Harp, American Gothic,[37] and O'Neill's The Iceman Cometh and Long Day's Journey into Night.[32] Notwithstanding the success of Summer and Smoke, the theater lost money during its first several years.[32]

City officials closed the 5 Sheridan Square location in March 1954 because the venue did not comply with fire-safety regulations[38][39] and because the space was only licensed as a cabaret.[38][40] At the time, the Circle was described as one of the "most popular Off-Broadway theaters".[39] During the 1954-1955 season, the Circle temporarily relocated to Broadway houses such as the 48th Street Theatre[41] and the 46th Street Theatre.[42] After Mann filed plans to renovate the theater in April 1955,[43] city officials approved the theater's reopening.[44] When the venue reopened on June 1, 1955,[45][46] it was rebranded as the Circle in the Square Cabaret.[46] It continued to host popular theatrical performances, such as Cradle Song, Children of Darkness, and Our Town.[47] In July 1959, Mann, Quintero, and Leigh Connell announced that they had to relocate by that October because the building's owner was planning to redevelop the site.[47][48] At the time of the announcement, the Circle had presented 18 shows, mostly revivals of plays, at 5 Sheridan Square.[48] The old location remained open until January 8, 1960,[49][50][51] and the inn was demolished the same year.[52]

159 Bleecker Street

At the end of August 1959, Mann, Quintero, and Connell leased space at 159 Bleecker Street in Greenwich Village, which at the time was occupied by the Amato Opera Company.[53][54] The structure had been constructed in 1917 and had been used for various purposes over the years,[55] including a movie theater.[28] Starting in October 1959,[50] the group rebuilt the space as a circle-in-the-round theater, similar in arrangement to the original location.[54][56] To comply with Off-Broadway regulations, the theater had 199 seats.[32] Unlike the Sheridan Square location, the Bleecker Street theater had adequate space for dressing rooms.[56] The newer space had higher ceilings, and it did not have support columns that obstructed patrons' views, as the Sheridan Square theater did.[50] The new location, known as Circle in the Square Downtown, opened on January 9, 1960, with Our Town; the play's cast had given their last performance at 5 Sheridan Square the day before.[49] The first new production at the Bleecker Street location, was a revival of Jean Genet's The Balcony which opened the same year.[57][58]

By the early 1960s, the Circle had staged several box-office flops and was in debt.[59] Nonetheless, upon the theater's tenth anniversary in 1961, the New York Herald Tribune reported that Mann and Quintero were purchasing the Bleecker Street building, at a time when Off-Broadway theaters were in high demand.[32] Quintero had directed 17 of the Circle's 21 plays at that point.[35] Ultimately, Quintero decided to resign from the Circle by 1963,[60][61] preferring to work as a freelance producer.[20] Paul Libin was hired as the Circle in the Square's managing director the same year.[15] This era also saw the Circle's longest-lasting production, The Trojan Women, which ran from 1963 to 1965.[62][63] The company had staged 47 off-Broadway and 10 Broadway productions by its 20th anniversary in 1971.[10]

Even though the company's Broadway theater opened in 1972,[64] the Bleecker Street location continued to host off-Broadway shows through the late 1970s.[22] In 1994, the Circle Repertory Company took over the Circle in the Square Downtown.[65][66] Developers announced plans to raze the Bleecker Street theater in 2004;[67] ultimately, the venue was demolished in 2005 and replaced with a nine-story apartment building.[68]

Other locations

 
Henry Miller's (now Stephen Sondheim) Theatre
 
Ford's Theatre
The Circle in the Square leased the Henry Miller's Theatre from 1968 to 1969 and Ford's Theatre from 1968 to 1971.

The Circle in the Square took a one-year lease on the Henry Miller's Theatre, a Broadway theater, beginning in August 1968.[69] The company's productions at the Henry Miller's were presented under the name "Circle in the Square on Broadway".[70][71] Even though the Henry Miller's was a Broadway theater, the Circle's productions there were ineligible for the Tony Awards because the Circle was a repertory company.[72] The company only ran two shows at the venue, both of which were flops, before its lease was terminated.[73][74] Those two productions were The Cuban Thing, followed by Morning, Noon and Night, a trio of one-act plays.[74][75] When the Circle's lease was terminated in January 1969, Mann and Libin were already in the process of developing their own theater on Broadway.[62][73]

The Circle began staging productions at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., in 1968.[76] The Circle's productions in Washington, D.C., were initially successful, contrasting with the theatrical company's failure on Broadway.[77] The company's productions at Ford's included revivals of such plays as Moon for the Misbegotten,[78][79] and Ah, Wilderness!,[78][80] and Arsenic and Old Lace.[81][82] However, the company's offerings were ultimately constrained by the fact that the managers of Ford's Theatre were selective about what constituted "acceptable audience entertainment".[81] The Washington's Ford's Theatre Society sought to take over operation of Ford's Theatre in 1971, prompting the Circle to sue the society.[83] The Circle lost the lawsuit and severed its partnership with Ford's in September 1971, citing large financial losses.[84][85]

Broadway theater

In September 1967, Uris Buildings Corporation leased the site of the Capitol Theatre on Broadway, between 50th and 51st Streets, for 100 years. Uris announced it would build an office tower and a Broadway theater on the site; initially, the corporation only proposed a single theater, which later became the Gershwin Theatre.[86] In October 1967, the New York City Planning Commission (CPC) proposed the Special Theater District Zoning Amendment,[87][88][89] which would directly allow theaters in One Astor Plaza and the Uris Building.[90][91] The New York City Board of Estimate approved the amendment that December.[92][93]

The Uris Buildings Corporation agreed in February 1968 to build a second theater in the basement upon the CPC's request. The new theater was originally supposed to be an experimental theater with 300 to 375 seats.[94][95] Richard Weinstein, the head of the CPC's Lower Manhattan office, asked Mann whether he was interested in occupying the Uris Building's second theater. Mann initially was uninterested in relocating to a theater with such small capacity, but he changed his mind after seeing that the space could fit 650 seats, large enough to qualify as a Broadway theater.[10] The CPC approved the new theaters the same year,[96][97] as did the Board of Estimate.[98] Lease negotiations between Mann and Percy Uris had been completed by January 1969,[99] and Mann and Libin formed the for-profit Thespian Theater Inc., which subleased the smaller theater to the Circle.[100] The Circle's Broadway theater was intended as a "more elegant" version of the off-Broadway house,[28] although the company was initially unsure whether it would retain its off-Broadway location.[101] Mann believed that the development of relatively small Broadway theaters, such as the Circle's, would allow "more specialized plays" to be produced, as compared with larger and older theaters.[102]

1970s

The venue in Paramount Plaza's basement opened for inspection on October 2, 1972.[64] The Broadway house was named the Circle in the Square–Joseph E. Levine Theatre, for Joseph E. Levine, a longtime benefactor of the Circle.[103] Prior to the Broadway house's opening, the theater hosted a gala on October 26, 1972. featuring several actors who had performed at the Circle's off-Broadway locations.[104][105][b] The Levine Theatre hosted its first performance, a revival of Mourning Becomes Electra, on November 15, 1972.[64][106][107] In the months after the Circle's Broadway house opened, it hosted numerous performers whose portraits were hung in the lobby.[3] Twelve thousand people were paying for annual subscriptions to the Broadway house by the beginning of 1973.[108] Unlike at other Broadway theaters, the Circle tended to host multiple opening nights for each show.[109] Headliners were paid a flat rate of $1,000 a week, less than in comparable Broadway theaters.[110]

During the Broadway house's first two seasons, the Circle staged productions such as Medea, Here Are Ladies, Uncle Vanya, The Waltz of the Toreadors, and The Iceman Cometh in 1973,[111][112] as well as The American Millionaire and Scapino in early 1974.[113] Despite its early popularity, the theater could only earn up to $35,000 per week, and it relied heavily on grants.[114] By March 1974, the theater was in danger of closing due to a shortfall of nearly $200,000. The musical Look, Homeward, as well as the 1973–1974 season, would have been canceled.[115] The Circle announced in April 1974 that it would not close, having raised the necessary funds,[116] including emergency grants, nearly $34,000 in individual donations, and even a grant from rival producer Joseph Papp.[117] The success of Scapino, which featured Jim Dale, was also cited as a factor in the theater's survival.[118][119]

For the 1974–1975 season, the Circle staged The National Health, Where's Charley?, All God's Chillun Got Wings, and Death of a Salesman.[113] The following season, the theater hosted Ah, Wilderness!, The Glass Menagerie, The Lady from the Sea, and Pal Joey.[113] The Circle celebrated its 25th anniversary on March 8, 1976, which New York City mayor Abraham Beame proclaimed as Circle in the Square Day.[120] The same year, at the 30th Tony Awards, the company received a Special Tony Award[121] "for twenty-five continuous years of quality productions".[122] For 1976–1977, the Circle continued its tradition of staging four Broadway shows per season.[123] During that season, the Levine Theatre hosted The Days in the Trees, The Night of the Iguana, Romeo and Juliet, and The Importance of Being Earnest.[124][123] The 1977–1978 season also saw revivals of four plays: Tartuffe, Saint Joan, 13 Rue de l'Amour, and Once in a Lifetime.[124][125] The first two plays of the following season were revivals of The Inspector General[126] and Man and Superman.[127][128] During the second half of the season, the Circle presented two new plays: Spokesong by Stewart Parker[129][130] and Loose Ends by Michael Weller.[129][131]

1980s

Due to recurring financial issues that nearly prompted the theater company to declare bankruptcy, the Circle delayed the start of its 1979–1980 season to February 1980, extending the run of Loose Ends to cover the gap.[132] Consequently, the season was planned to have three plays,[133] the first two of which were Major Barbara[134][135] and Past Tense.[136][137] The final play in the season, The Makropulos Affair, was replaced with The Man Who Came to Dinner on relatively short notice.[133] For the 1980–1981 season, the Circle returned to presenting four plays: The Bacchae, John Gabriel Borkman, The Father, and Scenes and Revelations.[125][136] During that season, the Circle had originally planned to stage Hamlet, which was replaced with Borkman due to scheduling conflicts.[138] The theater next hosted Candida in late 1981,[139][140] followed by Macbeth, Eminent Domain, and Present Laughter in 1982.[113] The theater hosted other events during the 1980s, including tributes to playwrights Eugene O'Neill[141] and William Saroyan.[142]

Libin began selling annual subscriptions via telemarketing around 1983, amid increasing difficulties in obtaining subscribers.[143] The Circle hosted three plays in 1983: The Misanthrope, The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial, and Heartbreak House.[113] A revival of The Iceman Cometh was canceled during that year because of budget overruns.[144] The Circle also hosted revivals of the plays Awake and Sing and Design for Living in 1984.[113] The next year, the theater hosted the plays The Loves of Anatol, Arms and the Man, and The Marriage of Figaro, as well as Robert Klein's comedy series The Robert Klein Show!.[125] The Circle also hosted three plays in 1986: the Steppenwolf Theatre Company's revival of The Caretaker,[145][146] the original production of The Boys in Autumn,[125][147] and a revival of You Never Can Tell.[148][149]

In 1987, the Circle hosted Second Stage Theater's revival of the play Coastal Disturbances,[150][129] which featured Annette Bening and Timothy Daly and ran for ten months.[151] This was followed the next year by revivals of the plays A Streetcar Named Desire, Juno and the Paycock, and The Night of the Iguana,[136][152] as well as An Evening with Robert Klein, another comedy series by Klein.[153][154] The original English production of Yehoshua Sobol's play Ghetto ran for only 33 performances in early 1989,[155][156] It was followed that September by an adaptation of the musical Sweeney Todd with Bob Gunton and Beth Fowler,[157] which lasted for 189 performances.[158][159]

1990s

Early 1990s

Libin stepped down as the theater's managing director in 1990.[15] The Circle hosted two plays that year: the American premiere of the Russian play Zoya's Apartment,[157][160] as well as a revival of The Miser.[161][162] This was followed in 1991 by Taking Steps,[163][164] Getting Married,[165][166] and On Borrowed Time.[167][168] By the 1991–1992 season, the theater faced an increasingly severe financial crisis.[169] In the first half of 1992, the theater hosted the play Search and Destroy,[157] followed by two plays that concurrently starred Al Pacino: a revival of Salome and the original production of Ira Lewis's Chinese Coffee.[157] Pacino had to scale back his appearances in Salome and Chinese Coffee after straining his vocal cords;[170][171] as a result, these productions only broke even.[15][171] The musical Anna Karenina, originally planned for the 1991–1992 season,[171] was generally negatively reviewed when it opened at the beginning of the next season.[169][15] By then, the theater was running at a significant loss; after Anna Karenina closed, Mann tried to save money by keeping the set of Anna Karenina in place.[15][172] Many of the theater's productions in the 1990s had been commercially unsuccessful.[17]

By November 1992, the theater had a $1.3 million deficit, prompting managing director Robert A. Buckley to fire 10 of the 25 staff members and postpone the start of the 1992–1993 season by four months.[173] Buckley resigned shortly afterward, and George A. Elmer was hired as the new managing director.[172][174] The theater had only about 8,500 subscribers at the time.[15][175] The Circle operated at a loss of $1.5 million,[15] in large part because of its overdependence on box-office revenue.[176] That March, the theater canceled two plays by Molière due to a lack of funds.[177] Libin, who remained involved with the Circle's operation, advised Mann to separate the finances of the theater and its associated school;[178] an unnamed former employee told The New York Times that the theater was "living off the school".[15] As a result, the school was separated from the theater in 1993.[179][180] The school assumed the lease of the theater space, then subleased the space back to the theater.[180]

The only show that the Circle hosted in 1993 was Wilder, Wilder, Wilder,[181] a trio of Wilder plays that lasted for 44 performances.[182][183] Afterward, the Circle was dark for over a year;[176] a planned engagement of the play Belmont Avenue Social Club during late 1993 had been canceled.[184] Many of the Circle's board members blamed Mann for selecting shows that did not appeal to audiences and claimed that he was too focused on a "theatrical community that was rooted in the past".[176] As a direct consequence, the Circle had failed to compete with newer nonprofit theater companies such as Second Stage Theater, Lincoln Center Theater, or the Manhattan Theatre Club.[176] The number of subscribers had decreased to about 5,400 by 1994.[175]

New leadership

Harvey Seifter took over as the theater's executive director in March 1994.[176][185] The Circle's artistic managers sought to revive the theater by establishing a $500,000 production fund, hiring a second artistic director to assist Mann, and creating partnerships with other theatrical companies.[176] Josephine Abady was hired as the second artistic director in August 1994; she was to take over as the theater's sole artistic director when Mann stepped down.[186][187] Abady planned to book both revivals and newer plays at the theater,[188] and she wished to attract additional subscribers to compete with other nonprofit theaters.[175][188] Although the Circle had received millions of dollars in grants during that season, Abady estimated that it would take eight years for the Circle to record a net profit. The Circle also started offering discounted tickets to attract younger patrons, since, at the time, the median subscriber was 53 years old.[175]

The theater reopened with three plays during the 1994–1995 season: The Shadow Box, Uncle Vanya, and The Rose Tattoo.[189] During the 1995–1996 season, the theater hosted the plays Garden District, Holiday, Bus Stop, and Tartuffe.[190] By then, the Circle had 7,000 subscribers.[191] Nonetheless, many of the theater's board members were unhappy with Abady's leadership, as the theater's debt had increased by $241,000 during that season.[191][192] Libin and Mann also challenged the way Abady handled the theater's finances.[178] That August, Pacino returned to the theater in Hughie.[193][194] Hughie was initially supposed to have fewer regular performances than previews,[195][196] but the play was extended several times,[197][198] ultimately running until November 1996.[193]

Bankruptcy

On July 24, 1996, Mann announced that he would resign, although he and Abady would remain as artistic directors until Hughie closed.[191][199] The same day, the theater's acting president Theodore R. Sayers announced that the theatrical company had filed for bankruptcy.[200][201] At the time, the theater had $1.5 million in debt, in addition to $2 million in unpaid taxes.[202] The company hired Gregory Mosher as its new producer in September 1996,[198][203] and Circle officials simultaneously asked Abady to resign.[192][203] Mosher and executive producer M. Edgar Rosenblum attempted to attract a wider audience by selling discounted tickets to anyone who purchased $37.50 annual memberships;[192][204] they gave away about 12,000 memberships this way.[205] Mosher also scrapped the proposed 1996–1997 season and announced plans to stage the play Stanley, which had been successful on London's West End.[192][206] Stanley opened in February 1997[190] and was moderately successful,[205][207] running for two months.[208]

Mosher, who admired the Circle's thrust stage, had wanted to stage a revival of the Odyssey for the 1997–1998 season.[206] Sayers resigned from his position in May 1997.[209] By then, observers expressed concerns that the theater had not announced any plays for the upcoming season.[210] The theater's board voted to suspend operations on June 17, 1997, when Mosher and Rosenblum both resigned.[202][210] A major factor in this decision was the theater's inability to pay back taxes,[202] Investment banker Wilbur Ross Jr., a consultant for the theater, said at the time that the theater was unlikely to reopen unless it paid off its $1.5 million debt, as well as a $1.8 million lien that the Internal Revenue Service had placed on the theater.[210] The next month, the theater's creditors attempted to secure a new operator;[179] this was complicated by the fact that Mann and Libin had also claimed control of the theater's lease.[100][180] Abady sued two of the theater's board members in early 1998, claiming that her termination was a breach of contract.[211]

A federal bankruptcy judge ruled in May 1998 that Libin and Mann could retain control of the Circle.[212] Subsequently, the men began looking for tenants; by August 1998, there were rumors that the Manhattan Theatre Club, which was looking for a Broadway house, would move into the space.[212][213] Ultimately, the Circle was reorganized as an independent commercial receiving house, one of a small number of independent Broadway theaters at the time.[214] The theater was scheduled to reopen for the 1998–1999 season with Tennessee Williams's Not About Nightingales,[215] which opened in February 1999.[216][217] Quintero died several hours after the theater reopened;[35][218] the theater hosted an event in his honor a few months later.[19][218] During late 1999, the theater space was leased to HBO, which used the space for taping The Chris Rock Show.[214]

21st century

 
Marquee to the Circle in the Square Theatre advertising for the 2011 revival of Godspell

In early 2000, the theater hosted Sam Shepard's play True West, which ran for 154 performances.[219][220] This was followed later that year by a revival of the musical The Rocky Horror Show,[221][222] which ran through early 2002.[223] The play Metamorphoses, which opened at the Circle in March 2002,[224] ran for 401 performances over the next year.[225][226] The theater next staged Yasmina Reza's comedy Life (x) 3 in 2003[227][228] and Bryony Lavery's drama Frozen in 2004.[229][230] The Circle's next production, the musical comedy The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee, had over 1,100 performances from 2005 to 2008.[231][232] After the success of that musical, the Circle hosted the musical Glory Days, which closed after a single performance on May 6, 2008.[233][234] The next year, the Circle hosted a revival of Alan Ayckbourn's musical comedy The Norman Conquests.[235][236]

The William Gibson play The Miracle Worker ran at the Circle for 28 performances in early 2010,[237][238] followed the same year by the Eric Simonson play Lombardi.[239][240] The Circle next staged the musical Godspell, which opened in November 2011[241][242] and ran for several months.[243] It was followed by two relatively short-lived shows: the musical Soul Doctor, which had 66 performances in late 2013,[244][245] and the play Bronx Bombers, which ran for less than a month in early 2014.[246][247] The Circle also hosted two more successful plays in 2014: Lady Day at Emerson's Bar and Grill[248][249] and The River,[250][251] both of which recouped their production costs.[252] The theater then hosted the musical Fun Home, which opened in 2015 and ran for more than a year,[253][254] and the musical In Transit, which opened in 2016 and lasted 181 performances.[255][256] At the end of the decade, the Circle hosted two musical revivals: Once on This Island, which ran from November 2017 to January 2019,[257][258] and an adaptation of Oklahoma!, which ran from April 2019 to January 2020.[259][260]

The theatre temporarily closed on March 12, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[261] It reopened on September 23, 2021, with previews of Chicken & Biscuits,[262][263] which ran through November 2021.[264][265] Next, the Circle hosted a revival of the play American Buffalo,[266] which ran from April to July 2022.[12][267] By then, the Circle was the only remaining Broadway theater that was not operated by either a nonprofit company or a large organization.[12] The musical KPOP opened at the theater in November 2022,[268][269] but it lasted for only two weeks.[268][270]

School

Main article: Circle in the Square Theatre School

The Circle in the Square Theatre School is a drama school associated with the Circle in the Square Theatre; it is the only accredited conservatory attached to a Broadway theater.[271] The school was established in 1961[20][272] and is housed within Paramount Plaza at 1633 Broadway.[273] The school was split from the theater itself in 1993[179] and has operated as a nonprofit since then.[274] The school has also participated in student exchange programs.[275] Profits from the operation of the theater are used to support the school, which offers a pair of two-year training programs in acting and musical theatre.[276] Over the years, the school's alumni have included Kevin Bacon and Philip Seymour Hoffman.[52]

Notable productions

Off-Broadway

This list only includes plays performed at the Circle in the Square's Sheridan Square and Bleecker Street theaters, not those performed by the company at other theaters. Productions are listed by the year of their first performance.[277]

Broadway

This list only includes plays performed at the Circle in the Square's Paramount Plaza theater, not those performed by the company at other theaters. Productions are listed by the year of their first performance.[303][304]

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ Edward Mann and Theodore Mann were not related.[19]
  2. ^ The performers included Patricia Brooks, Colleen Dewhurst, Geraldine Fitzgerald, Salome Jens, and James Earl Jones.[13]
  3. ^ The Happy Journey to Trenton and Camden, The Long Christmas Dinner, Pullman Car Hiawatha[182]

Citations

  1. ^ "Circle in the Square Theatre". Internet Broadway Database. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  2. ^ a b c Botto & Mitchell 2002, p. 313.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Botto & Mitchell 2002, p. 315.
  4. ^ Garvey 2020, p. 222.
  5. ^ Calta, Louis (October 6, 1972). "Circle in the Square Honors Levine in New Name". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. from the original on April 11, 2022. Retrieved April 4, 2022.
  6. ^ Botto & Mitchell 2002, p. 321.
  7. ^ Bloom 2007, p. 92.
  8. ^ Calta, Louis (August 3, 1971). "4 Office Theaters Are Taking Shape". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
  9. ^ "Broadway Audiences Riding Escalators". The Hartford Courant. December 24, 1972. p. 12D. ProQuest 551356233.
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  275. ^ Blau, Eleanor (August 12, 1990). "Theater School Exchange Program Gives King Lear a Russian Accent". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
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  277. ^ "Circle in the Square Downtown". Lortel Archives. from the original on December 29, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
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  280. ^ "The Iceman Cometh". Lortel Archives. May 8, 1956. from the original on December 29, 2022. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  281. ^ Zolotow, Sam (May 8, 1956). "'Iceman Cometh' This Afternoon; Circle in the Square Reviving O'Neill Play--Curtain at 2 Today to Aid Critics Sondra Lee in French Revue". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. from the original on January 4, 2023. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
January 19, 2023
circle, square, theatre, broadway, theater, west, 50th, street, within, basement, paramount, plaza, midtown, manhattan, neighborhood, york, city, current, broadway, theater, completed, 1972, successor, broadway, theater, same, name, founded, around, 1950, grou. The Circle in the Square Theatre is a Broadway theater at 235 West 50th Street within the basement of Paramount Plaza in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City The current Broadway theater completed in 1972 is the successor of an off Broadway theater of the same name co founded around 1950 by a group that included Theodore Mann and Jose Quintero The Broadway venue was designed by Allen Sayles it originally contained 650 seats and uses a thrust stage that extends into the audience on three sides Circle in the Square TheatreCircle in the SquareAddress235 West 50th St ManhattanNew York CityUnited StatesCoordinates40 45 44 N 73 59 05 W 40 7621 N 73 9848 W 40 7621 73 9848 Coordinates 40 45 44 N 73 59 05 W 40 7621 N 73 9848 W 40 7621 73 9848OwnerParamount GroupOperatorCircle in the Square Paul Libin President TypeBroadway theaterCapacity840 1 ConstructionBuilt1969 1972Opened1972ArchitectAlan Sayles Jules Fisher consultantThe Circle in the Square Theatre was named for its first location at 5 Sheridan Square in Greenwich Village which opened in February 1951 and was operated as a theater in the round During the 1950s and 1960s the theater became what Women s Wear Daily described as the center of Off Broadway The Sheridan Square theater was closed temporarily between 1954 and 1955 and was demolished in 1960 The company then moved to 159 Bleecker Street known as Circle in the Square Downtown that location continued to operate until about 1995 In addition to its Sheridan Square and Bleecker Street locations the Circle hosted shows at other locations such as Ford s Theatre and the Henry Miller s Theatre The Gershwin Theatre and the Circle in the Square s Broadway house were built as part of Paramount Plaza originally known as the Uris Building The Circle s Broadway house opened on November 15 1972 and operated as a non profit subscription supported producing house for the next 25 years The theater typically presented three or for shows per year in the 1970s and 1980s but by the 1990s the theater had a 1 5 million deficit Following an unsuccessful attempt to appoint new leadership in 1994 the company filed for bankruptcy in 1997 The theater reopened in 1999 now operating as an independent commercial receiving house Profits from the operation of the theater are used to support the Circle in the Square Theatre School Contents 1 Design 2 Off Broadway predecessors 2 1 5 Sheridan Square 2 2 159 Bleecker Street 2 3 Other locations 3 Broadway theater 3 1 1970s 3 2 1980s 3 3 1990s 3 3 1 Early 1990s 3 3 2 New leadership 3 3 3 Bankruptcy 3 4 21st century 4 School 5 Notable productions 5 1 Off Broadway 5 2 Broadway 6 See also 7 References 7 1 Notes 7 2 Citations 7 3 Sources 8 External linksDesign EditThe Circle in the Square Theatre is in the basement of Paramount Plaza 2 It was designed by Allen Sayles with a lighting system designed by Jules Fisher 2 3 The Circle operates its own venue which was originally known as the Circle in the Square Joseph E Levine Theatre 4 5 It is one of Paramount Plaza s two theaters the other being the much larger Gershwin Theatre on the second floor 6 7 Paramount Plaza s two venues along with the Minskoff and American Place theaters were constructed under the Special Theater District amendment of 1967 as a way to give their respective developers additional floor area 8 The space is accessed via escalators from street level 3 9 as well as via stairs 3 10 The theater was built with a capacity of 650 seats 2 11 as of 2022 update the theater has 751 seats 12 The space was originally meant as an off Broadway house with fewer than 500 seats but the Circle s artistic director Theodore Mann and its managing director Paul Libin increased the capacity by relocating columns and replaced steps with ramps 13 Originally the theater was decorated with red seats and it had a red and gray carpet in a checkerboard pattern The Circle s symbol a cube was incorporated into the design of the carpet and the light 3 The top of the auditorium contains soundproof panels which minimized noise from police horses when the theater opened 13 A soundproof control booth was placed at the rear of the auditorium 10 The Circle contains a thrust stage with seats surrounding it on three sides 13 14 similar to the venue s off Broadway predecessors 15 It is one of two Broadway houses with a thrust stage the other is Lincoln Center s Vivian Beaumont Theater Because of the stage s unconventional design theatrical critics negatively reviewed it while directors had difficulty staging productions there 16 Conversely the design allowed the audience to be extremely close to the stage as there were only ten rows of seats 17 According to Mann the design of the current Circle in the Square was based on the predecessor theaters These in turn were based on a recommendation from theater critic Brooks Atkinson who had told Mann When you walk in the door you should see the stage that should predominate not the audience 3 Off Broadway predecessors EditThe Circle in the Square was founded by Theodore Mann Jose Quintero Jason Wingreen Aileen Cramer Emily Stevens and Edward Mann all of whom were members of the Loft Players 18 19 a The theater s founders were in their mid 20s and were described by The New York Times as having little training less experience and no reputation in the theater 20 Sources disagree on when the organization was founded but it may have been established in 1949 21 or 1950 22 23 The founding team wished to establish a center dedicated to the development and presentation of all the arts 24 The team could not afford to open their theater in Manhattan s high rent Theater District 24 Upon the recommendation of Mann s father Martin M Goldman 25 the team opted for a location in Greenwich Village which had a myriad of empty theaters 24 During the 1950s and 1960s the theater became what Women s Wear Daily described as the center of Off Broadway largely staging revivals at a time when traditional Broadway theaters presented experimental shows 26 Mel Gussow of The New York Times similarly described the original Circle as being within the heartbeat of Off Broadway in Sheridan Square 27 Over the years actors such as Colleen Dewhurst Geraldine Page Jason Robards Bradford Dillman Dustin Hoffman George Segal George C Scott and James Earl Jones starred in the company s productions 28 10 In addition the theater attracted such directors as Michael Cacoyannis William Ball and Alan Arkin 28 The Circle tended to stage productions by well known playwrights such as Tennessee Williams Eugene O Neill Jean Giraudoux Dylan Thomas and Jules Feiffer 10 5 Sheridan Square Edit The first Circle in the Square Theatre was at 5 Sheridan Square also known as the Greenwich Village Inn 25 29 a former nightclub in Greenwich Village 22 The Circle s founders signed a 10 year lease on the building 21 30 When the team signed the lease in 1951 they had 320 between them 31 including 300 that they had earned from operating a summer theater in Woodstock New York 32 The Circle s founders raised 7 500 33 and Goldman formed Onyx Restaurants Inc to lease the inn on behalf of the team which was responsible for paying 1 000 a month in rent 30 The inn occupied a pair of brownstone residences The first floor living and dining rooms in one of the residences had been converted to a rectangular dance floor while the three stories above the dance floor included 15 rooms 25 There was a bar in the rear of the dance floor as well as a kitchen in the basement 34 Due to the inn s configuration the theater s founders decided to operate the Circle as a theater in the round wherein the audience surrounded the stage a converted dance floor 20 34 The theater and the eponymous company derived their name from the facility s layout and its location at Sheridan Square 22 21 31 The theater was planned to open in November 1950 but the opening was delayed by two and a half months due to difficulties in securing a theatrical license 33 Ultimately the Circle s founders were only allowed a cabaret license 22 31 The theater s first production was the play Dark of the Moon 22 35 which opened in February 1951 36 At the time the off Broadway industry was still relatively obscure 31 and was not covered by mainstream newspapers 35 Mann Quintero and all actors were paid a flat salary of 20 per week 32 The Circle became more popular after theatrical critic Brooks Atkinson praised the Circle s production of Williams s Summer and Smoke in 1952 26 31 Mann said Atkinson s review prompted guests to line up for tickets during July at a time when theaters traditionally closed in the summer due to a lack of air conditioning 26 Quintero directed some of the theater s most popular early productions including The Grass Harp American Gothic 37 and O Neill s The Iceman Cometh and Long Day s Journey into Night 32 Notwithstanding the success of Summer and Smoke the theater lost money during its first several years 32 City officials closed the 5 Sheridan Square location in March 1954 because the venue did not comply with fire safety regulations 38 39 and because the space was only licensed as a cabaret 38 40 At the time the Circle was described as one of the most popular Off Broadway theaters 39 During the 1954 1955 season the Circle temporarily relocated to Broadway houses such as the 48th Street Theatre 41 and the 46th Street Theatre 42 After Mann filed plans to renovate the theater in April 1955 43 city officials approved the theater s reopening 44 When the venue reopened on June 1 1955 45 46 it was rebranded as the Circle in the Square Cabaret 46 It continued to host popular theatrical performances such as Cradle Song Children of Darkness and Our Town 47 In July 1959 Mann Quintero and Leigh Connell announced that they had to relocate by that October because the building s owner was planning to redevelop the site 47 48 At the time of the announcement the Circle had presented 18 shows mostly revivals of plays at 5 Sheridan Square 48 The old location remained open until January 8 1960 49 50 51 and the inn was demolished the same year 52 159 Bleecker Street Edit At the end of August 1959 Mann Quintero and Connell leased space at 159 Bleecker Street in Greenwich Village which at the time was occupied by the Amato Opera Company 53 54 The structure had been constructed in 1917 and had been used for various purposes over the years 55 including a movie theater 28 Starting in October 1959 50 the group rebuilt the space as a circle in the round theater similar in arrangement to the original location 54 56 To comply with Off Broadway regulations the theater had 199 seats 32 Unlike the Sheridan Square location the Bleecker Street theater had adequate space for dressing rooms 56 The newer space had higher ceilings and it did not have support columns that obstructed patrons views as the Sheridan Square theater did 50 The new location known as Circle in the Square Downtown opened on January 9 1960 with Our Town the play s cast had given their last performance at 5 Sheridan Square the day before 49 The first new production at the Bleecker Street location was a revival of Jean Genet s The Balcony which opened the same year 57 58 By the early 1960s the Circle had staged several box office flops and was in debt 59 Nonetheless upon the theater s tenth anniversary in 1961 the New York Herald Tribune reported that Mann and Quintero were purchasing the Bleecker Street building at a time when Off Broadway theaters were in high demand 32 Quintero had directed 17 of the Circle s 21 plays at that point 35 Ultimately Quintero decided to resign from the Circle by 1963 60 61 preferring to work as a freelance producer 20 Paul Libin was hired as the Circle in the Square s managing director the same year 15 This era also saw the Circle s longest lasting production The Trojan Women which ran from 1963 to 1965 62 63 The company had staged 47 off Broadway and 10 Broadway productions by its 20th anniversary in 1971 10 Even though the company s Broadway theater opened in 1972 64 the Bleecker Street location continued to host off Broadway shows through the late 1970s 22 In 1994 the Circle Repertory Company took over the Circle in the Square Downtown 65 66 Developers announced plans to raze the Bleecker Street theater in 2004 67 ultimately the venue was demolished in 2005 and replaced with a nine story apartment building 68 Other locations Edit Henry Miller s now Stephen Sondheim Theatre Ford s TheatreThe Circle in the Square leased the Henry Miller s Theatre from 1968 to 1969 and Ford s Theatre from 1968 to 1971 The Circle in the Square took a one year lease on the Henry Miller s Theatre a Broadway theater beginning in August 1968 69 The company s productions at the Henry Miller s were presented under the name Circle in the Square on Broadway 70 71 Even though the Henry Miller s was a Broadway theater the Circle s productions there were ineligible for the Tony Awards because the Circle was a repertory company 72 The company only ran two shows at the venue both of which were flops before its lease was terminated 73 74 Those two productions were The Cuban Thing followed by Morning Noon and Night a trio of one act plays 74 75 When the Circle s lease was terminated in January 1969 Mann and Libin were already in the process of developing their own theater on Broadway 62 73 The Circle began staging productions at Ford s Theatre in Washington D C in 1968 76 The Circle s productions in Washington D C were initially successful contrasting with the theatrical company s failure on Broadway 77 The company s productions at Ford s included revivals of such plays as Moon for the Misbegotten 78 79 and Ah Wilderness 78 80 and Arsenic and Old Lace 81 82 However the company s offerings were ultimately constrained by the fact that the managers of Ford s Theatre were selective about what constituted acceptable audience entertainment 81 The Washington s Ford s Theatre Society sought to take over operation of Ford s Theatre in 1971 prompting the Circle to sue the society 83 The Circle lost the lawsuit and severed its partnership with Ford s in September 1971 citing large financial losses 84 85 Broadway theater EditIn September 1967 Uris Buildings Corporation leased the site of the Capitol Theatre on Broadway between 50th and 51st Streets for 100 years Uris announced it would build an office tower and a Broadway theater on the site initially the corporation only proposed a single theater which later became the Gershwin Theatre 86 In October 1967 the New York City Planning Commission CPC proposed the Special Theater District Zoning Amendment 87 88 89 which would directly allow theaters in One Astor Plaza and the Uris Building 90 91 The New York City Board of Estimate approved the amendment that December 92 93 The Uris Buildings Corporation agreed in February 1968 to build a second theater in the basement upon the CPC s request The new theater was originally supposed to be an experimental theater with 300 to 375 seats 94 95 Richard Weinstein the head of the CPC s Lower Manhattan office asked Mann whether he was interested in occupying the Uris Building s second theater Mann initially was uninterested in relocating to a theater with such small capacity but he changed his mind after seeing that the space could fit 650 seats large enough to qualify as a Broadway theater 10 The CPC approved the new theaters the same year 96 97 as did the Board of Estimate 98 Lease negotiations between Mann and Percy Uris had been completed by January 1969 99 and Mann and Libin formed the for profit Thespian Theater Inc which subleased the smaller theater to the Circle 100 The Circle s Broadway theater was intended as a more elegant version of the off Broadway house 28 although the company was initially unsure whether it would retain its off Broadway location 101 Mann believed that the development of relatively small Broadway theaters such as the Circle s would allow more specialized plays to be produced as compared with larger and older theaters 102 1970s Edit The venue in Paramount Plaza s basement opened for inspection on October 2 1972 64 The Broadway house was named the Circle in the Square Joseph E Levine Theatre for Joseph E Levine a longtime benefactor of the Circle 103 Prior to the Broadway house s opening the theater hosted a gala on October 26 1972 featuring several actors who had performed at the Circle s off Broadway locations 104 105 b The Levine Theatre hosted its first performance a revival of Mourning Becomes Electra on November 15 1972 64 106 107 In the months after the Circle s Broadway house opened it hosted numerous performers whose portraits were hung in the lobby 3 Twelve thousand people were paying for annual subscriptions to the Broadway house by the beginning of 1973 108 Unlike at other Broadway theaters the Circle tended to host multiple opening nights for each show 109 Headliners were paid a flat rate of 1 000 a week less than in comparable Broadway theaters 110 During the Broadway house s first two seasons the Circle staged productions such as Medea Here Are Ladies Uncle Vanya The Waltz of the Toreadors and The Iceman Cometh in 1973 111 112 as well as The American Millionaire and Scapino in early 1974 113 Despite its early popularity the theater could only earn up to 35 000 per week and it relied heavily on grants 114 By March 1974 the theater was in danger of closing due to a shortfall of nearly 200 000 The musical Look Homeward as well as the 1973 1974 season would have been canceled 115 The Circle announced in April 1974 that it would not close having raised the necessary funds 116 including emergency grants nearly 34 000 in individual donations and even a grant from rival producer Joseph Papp 117 The success of Scapino which featured Jim Dale was also cited as a factor in the theater s survival 118 119 For the 1974 1975 season the Circle staged The National Health Where s Charley All God s Chillun Got Wings and Death of a Salesman 113 The following season the theater hosted Ah Wilderness The Glass Menagerie The Lady from the Sea and Pal Joey 113 The Circle celebrated its 25th anniversary on March 8 1976 which New York City mayor Abraham Beame proclaimed as Circle in the Square Day 120 The same year at the 30th Tony Awards the company received a Special Tony Award 121 for twenty five continuous years of quality productions 122 For 1976 1977 the Circle continued its tradition of staging four Broadway shows per season 123 During that season the Levine Theatre hosted The Days in the Trees The Night of the Iguana Romeo and Juliet and The Importance of Being Earnest 124 123 The 1977 1978 season also saw revivals of four plays Tartuffe Saint Joan 13 Rue de l Amour and Once in a Lifetime 124 125 The first two plays of the following season were revivals of The Inspector General 126 and Man and Superman 127 128 During the second half of the season the Circle presented two new plays Spokesong by Stewart Parker 129 130 and Loose Ends by Michael Weller 129 131 1980s Edit Due to recurring financial issues that nearly prompted the theater company to declare bankruptcy the Circle delayed the start of its 1979 1980 season to February 1980 extending the run of Loose Ends to cover the gap 132 Consequently the season was planned to have three plays 133 the first two of which were Major Barbara 134 135 and Past Tense 136 137 The final play in the season The Makropulos Affair was replaced with The Man Who Came to Dinner on relatively short notice 133 For the 1980 1981 season the Circle returned to presenting four plays The Bacchae John Gabriel Borkman The Father and Scenes and Revelations 125 136 During that season the Circle had originally planned to stage Hamlet which was replaced with Borkman due to scheduling conflicts 138 The theater next hosted Candida in late 1981 139 140 followed by Macbeth Eminent Domain and Present Laughter in 1982 113 The theater hosted other events during the 1980s including tributes to playwrights Eugene O Neill 141 and William Saroyan 142 Libin began selling annual subscriptions via telemarketing around 1983 amid increasing difficulties in obtaining subscribers 143 The Circle hosted three plays in 1983 The Misanthrope The Caine Mutiny Court Martial and Heartbreak House 113 A revival of The Iceman Cometh was canceled during that year because of budget overruns 144 The Circle also hosted revivals of the plays Awake and Sing and Design for Living in 1984 113 The next year the theater hosted the plays The Loves of Anatol Arms and the Man and The Marriage of Figaro as well as Robert Klein s comedy series The Robert Klein Show 125 The Circle also hosted three plays in 1986 the Steppenwolf Theatre Company s revival of The Caretaker 145 146 the original production of The Boys in Autumn 125 147 and a revival of You Never Can Tell 148 149 In 1987 the Circle hosted Second Stage Theater s revival of the play Coastal Disturbances 150 129 which featured Annette Bening and Timothy Daly and ran for ten months 151 This was followed the next year by revivals of the plays A Streetcar Named Desire Juno and the Paycock and The Night of the Iguana 136 152 as well as An Evening with Robert Klein another comedy series by Klein 153 154 The original English production of Yehoshua Sobol s play Ghetto ran for only 33 performances in early 1989 155 156 It was followed that September by an adaptation of the musical Sweeney Todd with Bob Gunton and Beth Fowler 157 which lasted for 189 performances 158 159 1990s Edit Early 1990s Edit Libin stepped down as the theater s managing director in 1990 15 The Circle hosted two plays that year the American premiere of the Russian play Zoya s Apartment 157 160 as well as a revival of The Miser 161 162 This was followed in 1991 by Taking Steps 163 164 Getting Married 165 166 and On Borrowed Time 167 168 By the 1991 1992 season the theater faced an increasingly severe financial crisis 169 In the first half of 1992 the theater hosted the play Search and Destroy 157 followed by two plays that concurrently starred Al Pacino a revival of Salome and the original production of Ira Lewis s Chinese Coffee 157 Pacino had to scale back his appearances in Salome and Chinese Coffee after straining his vocal cords 170 171 as a result these productions only broke even 15 171 The musical Anna Karenina originally planned for the 1991 1992 season 171 was generally negatively reviewed when it opened at the beginning of the next season 169 15 By then the theater was running at a significant loss after Anna Karenina closed Mann tried to save money by keeping the set of Anna Karenina in place 15 172 Many of the theater s productions in the 1990s had been commercially unsuccessful 17 By November 1992 the theater had a 1 3 million deficit prompting managing director Robert A Buckley to fire 10 of the 25 staff members and postpone the start of the 1992 1993 season by four months 173 Buckley resigned shortly afterward and George A Elmer was hired as the new managing director 172 174 The theater had only about 8 500 subscribers at the time 15 175 The Circle operated at a loss of 1 5 million 15 in large part because of its overdependence on box office revenue 176 That March the theater canceled two plays by Moliere due to a lack of funds 177 Libin who remained involved with the Circle s operation advised Mann to separate the finances of the theater and its associated school 178 an unnamed former employee told The New York Times that the theater was living off the school 15 As a result the school was separated from the theater in 1993 179 180 The school assumed the lease of the theater space then subleased the space back to the theater 180 The only show that the Circle hosted in 1993 was Wilder Wilder Wilder 181 a trio of Wilder plays that lasted for 44 performances 182 183 Afterward the Circle was dark for over a year 176 a planned engagement of the play Belmont Avenue Social Club during late 1993 had been canceled 184 Many of the Circle s board members blamed Mann for selecting shows that did not appeal to audiences and claimed that he was too focused on a theatrical community that was rooted in the past 176 As a direct consequence the Circle had failed to compete with newer nonprofit theater companies such as Second Stage Theater Lincoln Center Theater or the Manhattan Theatre Club 176 The number of subscribers had decreased to about 5 400 by 1994 175 New leadership Edit Harvey Seifter took over as the theater s executive director in March 1994 176 185 The Circle s artistic managers sought to revive the theater by establishing a 500 000 production fund hiring a second artistic director to assist Mann and creating partnerships with other theatrical companies 176 Josephine Abady was hired as the second artistic director in August 1994 she was to take over as the theater s sole artistic director when Mann stepped down 186 187 Abady planned to book both revivals and newer plays at the theater 188 and she wished to attract additional subscribers to compete with other nonprofit theaters 175 188 Although the Circle had received millions of dollars in grants during that season Abady estimated that it would take eight years for the Circle to record a net profit The Circle also started offering discounted tickets to attract younger patrons since at the time the median subscriber was 53 years old 175 The theater reopened with three plays during the 1994 1995 season The Shadow Box Uncle Vanya and The Rose Tattoo 189 During the 1995 1996 season the theater hosted the plays Garden District Holiday Bus Stop and Tartuffe 190 By then the Circle had 7 000 subscribers 191 Nonetheless many of the theater s board members were unhappy with Abady s leadership as the theater s debt had increased by 241 000 during that season 191 192 Libin and Mann also challenged the way Abady handled the theater s finances 178 That August Pacino returned to the theater in Hughie 193 194 Hughie was initially supposed to have fewer regular performances than previews 195 196 but the play was extended several times 197 198 ultimately running until November 1996 193 Bankruptcy Edit On July 24 1996 Mann announced that he would resign although he and Abady would remain as artistic directors until Hughie closed 191 199 The same day the theater s acting president Theodore R Sayers announced that the theatrical company had filed for bankruptcy 200 201 At the time the theater had 1 5 million in debt in addition to 2 million in unpaid taxes 202 The company hired Gregory Mosher as its new producer in September 1996 198 203 and Circle officials simultaneously asked Abady to resign 192 203 Mosher and executive producer M Edgar Rosenblum attempted to attract a wider audience by selling discounted tickets to anyone who purchased 37 50 annual memberships 192 204 they gave away about 12 000 memberships this way 205 Mosher also scrapped the proposed 1996 1997 season and announced plans to stage the play Stanley which had been successful on London s West End 192 206 Stanley opened in February 1997 190 and was moderately successful 205 207 running for two months 208 Mosher who admired the Circle s thrust stage had wanted to stage a revival of the Odyssey for the 1997 1998 season 206 Sayers resigned from his position in May 1997 209 By then observers expressed concerns that the theater had not announced any plays for the upcoming season 210 The theater s board voted to suspend operations on June 17 1997 when Mosher and Rosenblum both resigned 202 210 A major factor in this decision was the theater s inability to pay back taxes 202 Investment banker Wilbur Ross Jr a consultant for the theater said at the time that the theater was unlikely to reopen unless it paid off its 1 5 million debt as well as a 1 8 million lien that the Internal Revenue Service had placed on the theater 210 The next month the theater s creditors attempted to secure a new operator 179 this was complicated by the fact that Mann and Libin had also claimed control of the theater s lease 100 180 Abady sued two of the theater s board members in early 1998 claiming that her termination was a breach of contract 211 A federal bankruptcy judge ruled in May 1998 that Libin and Mann could retain control of the Circle 212 Subsequently the men began looking for tenants by August 1998 there were rumors that the Manhattan Theatre Club which was looking for a Broadway house would move into the space 212 213 Ultimately the Circle was reorganized as an independent commercial receiving house one of a small number of independent Broadway theaters at the time 214 The theater was scheduled to reopen for the 1998 1999 season with Tennessee Williams s Not About Nightingales 215 which opened in February 1999 216 217 Quintero died several hours after the theater reopened 35 218 the theater hosted an event in his honor a few months later 19 218 During late 1999 the theater space was leased to HBO which used the space for taping The Chris Rock Show 214 21st century Edit Marquee to the Circle in the Square Theatre advertising for the 2011 revival of Godspell In early 2000 the theater hosted Sam Shepard s play True West which ran for 154 performances 219 220 This was followed later that year by a revival of the musical The Rocky Horror Show 221 222 which ran through early 2002 223 The play Metamorphoses which opened at the Circle in March 2002 224 ran for 401 performances over the next year 225 226 The theater next staged Yasmina Reza s comedy Life x 3 in 2003 227 228 and Bryony Lavery s drama Frozen in 2004 229 230 The Circle s next production the musical comedy The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee had over 1 100 performances from 2005 to 2008 231 232 After the success of that musical the Circle hosted the musical Glory Days which closed after a single performance on May 6 2008 233 234 The next year the Circle hosted a revival of Alan Ayckbourn s musical comedy The Norman Conquests 235 236 The William Gibson play The Miracle Worker ran at the Circle for 28 performances in early 2010 237 238 followed the same year by the Eric Simonson play Lombardi 239 240 The Circle next staged the musical Godspell which opened in November 2011 241 242 and ran for several months 243 It was followed by two relatively short lived shows the musical Soul Doctor which had 66 performances in late 2013 244 245 and the play Bronx Bombers which ran for less than a month in early 2014 246 247 The Circle also hosted two more successful plays in 2014 Lady Day at Emerson s Bar and Grill 248 249 and The River 250 251 both of which recouped their production costs 252 The theater then hosted the musical Fun Home which opened in 2015 and ran for more than a year 253 254 and the musical In Transit which opened in 2016 and lasted 181 performances 255 256 At the end of the decade the Circle hosted two musical revivals Once on This Island which ran from November 2017 to January 2019 257 258 and an adaptation of Oklahoma which ran from April 2019 to January 2020 259 260 The theatre temporarily closed on March 12 2020 due to the COVID 19 pandemic 261 It reopened on September 23 2021 with previews of Chicken amp Biscuits 262 263 which ran through November 2021 264 265 Next the Circle hosted a revival of the play American Buffalo 266 which ran from April to July 2022 12 267 By then the Circle was the only remaining Broadway theater that was not operated by either a nonprofit company or a large organization 12 The musical KPOP opened at the theater in November 2022 268 269 but it lasted for only two weeks 268 270 School EditMain article Circle in the Square Theatre School The Circle in the Square Theatre School is a drama school associated with the Circle in the Square Theatre it is the only accredited conservatory attached to a Broadway theater 271 The school was established in 1961 20 272 and is housed within Paramount Plaza at 1633 Broadway 273 The school was split from the theater itself in 1993 179 and has operated as a nonprofit since then 274 The school has also participated in student exchange programs 275 Profits from the operation of the theater are used to support the school which offers a pair of two year training programs in acting and musical theatre 276 Over the years the school s alumni have included Kevin Bacon and Philip Seymour Hoffman 52 Notable productions EditOff Broadway Edit This list only includes plays performed at the Circle in the Square s Sheridan Square and Bleecker Street theaters not those performed by the company at other theaters Productions are listed by the year of their first performance 277 1952 Summer and Smoke 278 1955 La Ronde 279 1956 The Iceman Cometh 280 281 1959 Our Town 282 1958 The Quare Fellow 283 1962 Under Milk Wood 284 1963 Desire Under the Elms 285 1963 The Trojan Women 286 1965 The White Devil 287 1966 Eh 288 1967 Drums in the Night 289 1967 Iphigenia in Aulis 290 1968 A Moon for the Misbegotten 291 1969 Little Murders 292 1970 Boesman and Lena 293 1972 We Bombed in New Haven 294 1973 The Hot l Baltimore 295 1978 I m Getting My Act Together and Taking It on the Road 296 1981 American Buffalo 297 1982 Greater Tuna 298 1984 To Gillian on Her 37th Birthday 299 300 1987 Oil City Symphony 301 1990 The Rothschilds 302 Broadway Edit This list only includes plays performed at the Circle in the Square s Paramount Plaza theater not those performed by the company at other theaters Productions are listed by the year of their first performance 303 304 1972 Mourning Becomes Electra 305 106 107 1973 Medea 306 307 1973 Uncle Vanya 308 309 1973 The Waltz of the Toreadors 310 311 1973 The Iceman Cometh 312 313 1974 Scapino 314 315 1974 The National Health 316 317 1974 Where s Charley 318 319 1975 All God s Chillun Got Wings 320 321 1975 Death of a Salesman 322 323 1975 Ah Wilderness 324 325 1975 The Glass Menagerie 326 327 1976 Geraldine Fitzgerald in Songs of the Street 328 1976 The Lady from the Sea 329 330 1976 Pal Joey 331 332 1976 The Night of the Iguana 333 334 1977 Romeo and Juliet 335 336 1977 The Importance of Being Earnest 337 338 1977 Tartuffe 339 340 1977 Saint Joan 341 342 1978 13 Rue de l Amour 343 344 1978 Once in a Lifetime 345 346 1978 The Inspector General 126 1978 Man and Superman 127 128 1980 Major Barbara 134 135 1980 The Man Who Came to Dinner 347 133 1980 The Bacchae 348 349 1980 John Gabriel Borkman 350 1981 The Father 351 352 1981 Candida 139 140 1982 Macbeth 353 354 1982 Present Laughter 355 356 1983 The Misanthrope 357 358 1983 The Caine Mutiny Court Martial 359 360 1983 Heartbreak House 361 362 1984 Awake and Sing 363 364 1984 Design for Living 365 366 1985 Arms and the Man 367 368 1985 The Marriage of Figaro 369 370 1985 The Robert Klein Show 371 372 1986 The Caretaker 145 146 1986 You Never Can Tell 148 149 1987 Coastal Disturbances 151 373 1988 A Streetcar Named Desire 374 375 1988 An Evening with Robert Klein 153 154 1988 The Night of the Iguana 376 377 1988 The Devil s Disciple 378 379 1989 Ghetto 155 156 1989 Sweeney Todd 158 380 1990 The Miser 161 162 1991 Taking Steps 163 164 1991 Getting Married 165 166 1991 On Borrowed Time 167 168 1992 Salome 381 1992 Anna Karenina 382 1993 Three productions by Thornton Wilder 182 183 c 1994 The Shadow Box 383 384 1995 Uncle Vanya 385 386 1995 The Rose Tattoo 387 388 1995 Garden District 389 390 1995 Holiday 391 392 1996 Bus Stop 393 394 1996 Tartuffe 395 396 1996 Hughie 193 194 1997 Stanley 208 207 1999 Not About Nightingales 216 217 2000 True West 219 220 2000 The Rocky Horror Show 221 222 2002 Metamorphoses 226 224 2003 Life x 3 227 228 2004 Frozen 229 230 2005 The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee 231 232 2008 Glory Days 233 234 2009 The Norman Conquests 235 236 2010 The Miracle Worker 237 238 2010 Lombardi 239 240 2011 Godspell 241 242 2013 Soul Doctor 244 245 2014 Bronx Bombers 246 247 2014 Lady Day at Emerson s Bar and Grill 248 249 2014 The River 250 251 2015 Fun Home 253 254 2016 In Transit 255 256 2017 Once on This Island 257 258 2019 Oklahoma 259 260 2021 Chicken amp Biscuits 262 263 2022 American Buffalo 267 266 2022 KPOP 268 269 See also EditList of Broadway theatersReferences EditNotes Edit Edward Mann and Theodore Mann were not related 19 The performers included Patricia Brooks Colleen Dewhurst Geraldine Fitzgerald Salome Jens and James Earl Jones 13 The Happy Journey to Trenton and Camden The Long Christmas Dinner Pullman Car Hiawatha 182 Citations Edit Circle in the Square Theatre Internet Broadway Database Retrieved June 15 2018 a b c Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 313 a b c d e f Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 315 Garvey 2020 p 222 Calta Louis October 6 1972 Circle in the Square Honors Levine in New Name The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 11 2022 Retrieved April 4 2022 Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 321 Bloom 2007 p 92 Calta Louis August 3 1971 4 Office Theaters Are Taking Shape The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 5 2022 Retrieved February 5 2022 Broadway Audiences Riding Escalators The Hartford Courant December 24 1972 p 12D ProQuest 551356233 a b c d e f Beaufort John July 23 1971 Mann talks about Circle in the Square Off but on Broadway New life for failures Bellow was objective The Christian Science Monitor p 5 ProQuest 511195960 Calta Louis December 2 1969 Shuberts Propose to Build Theater It Would Be in a Skyscraper at Site of the Broadway The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 3 2022 Retrieved January 5 2023 a b c Paulson Michael June 24 2022 On Broadway One Show Decides to Keep Masks No It s Not Phantom The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 29 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 a b c d Carmody Deirdre October 26 1972 For a New Theater a Nostalgic Gala The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 11 2022 Retrieved April 4 2022 Garvey 2020 p 224 a b c d e f g h i Collins Glenn January 21 1993 Circle in the Square Struggling to Survive The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 28 2022 Retrieved December 28 2022 Garvey 2020 pp 272 273 a b Bloom 2007 p 47 Garvey 2020 p 20 a b c Jose Quintero Before Circle in Square The New York Times April 4 1999 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b c d Novick Julius March 7 1976 A Theater at Middle Age Or Squaring the Circle The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 29 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 a b c Dash Thomas R March 6 1951 Theatres Dark of the Moon Circle in the Square Women s Wear Daily Vol 82 no 45 p 49 ProQuest 1627263662 a b c d e f Circle in the Square papers New York Public Library February 22 1999 Archived from the original on July 13 2021 Retrieved December 28 2022 Theatre Marks Anniversary The New York Times November 20 1951 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 16 2023 Retrieved December 28 2022 a b c Garvey 2020 p 22 a b c Garvey 2020 p 25 a b c Kissel Howard February 4 1976 arts amp pleasures How they put the Circle in the Square on the map Women s Wear Daily Vol 132 no 23 p 15 ProQuest 1627479460 Gussow Mel September 21 1979 Off Broadway Is Making A Vigorous Comeback The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b c d Secrest Meryle December 14 1969 Ted Mann Stubborn but Mostly Right The Washington Post Times Herald p 189 ISSN 0190 8286 ProQuest 143682777 Commercial Space Reports New York Herald Tribune January 19 1950 p 36 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1326826670 a b Garvey 2020 p 26 a b c d e Buckley Tom March 8 1976 Circle in the Square at 25 to Stage a Gala The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 29 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 a b c d e f Ross Don February 26 1961 Ten Years of Circle in the Square New York Herald Tribune p D1 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1335919512 a b Hewes Henry February 3 1952 Square s Circle An Off Broadway Theatre in the Village Manages to Survive Its Trials The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 28 2022 Retrieved December 28 2022 a b Garvey 2020 pp 25 26 a b c d Rothstein Mervyn Severo Richard February 27 1999 Jose Quintero Director Who Exalted O Neill Dies at 74 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 Two Off Broadway Revivals Due The New York Times February 1 1951 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 28 2022 Retrieved December 28 2022 New Play Keeps Off Broadway Pot Boiling New York Herald Tribune February 7 1954 p D2 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1342182538 a b Circle in the Square Closed For Lack of Safety Facilities New York Herald Tribune March 23 1954 p 22 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1319961939 a b Village Theatre Shut as Fire Trap City Order Seen Dooming the Circle in Square Where Hit Show Is Playing The New York Times March 23 1954 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 2 2023 Retrieved January 2 2023 Thomas R Dash April 20 1954 Fire Commissioner Defends Off B way Theatre Closings Women s Wear Daily Vol 88 no 176 p 43 ProQuest 1565389193 Atkinson Brooks April 6 1954 Uptown Circle The Girl on the Via Flaminia Loses Nothing in Proscenium Staging The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 2 2023 Retrieved January 2 2023 Producers Seek Spring Site For Circle in the Square New York Herald Tribune December 4 1954 p 9 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1322567065 Zolotow Sam April 22 1955 Theatre to Seek Cabaret License Circle in the Square Files Plans With City Agencies June Opening Sought The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 28 2022 Retrieved December 28 2022 Zolotow Sam May 25 1955 Circle in Square Reopens in Week Theatre Safety Violations Removed Bows Wednesday With Play by Fergusson The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 McCord Bert June 1 1955 King and Duke Reopens Circle in Square Tonight New York Herald Tribune p 20 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1327107668 a b Zolotow Sam June 1 1955 Circle in Square Reopens Tonight Theatre Now Designated as Cabaret to Resume With The King and the Duke The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 4 2023 Retrieved January 4 2023 a b Little Stuart W July 24 1959 Circle in Square Hunting for House in Village New York Herald Tribune p 6 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1328089102 a b Circle in Square Seeks New Home Theatre Must Be Vacated by Oct 31 Other Place in Village Is Sought The New York Times July 27 1959 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 4 2023 Retrieved January 4 2023 a b Garvey 2020 p 109 a b c Little Stuart W January 7 1960 Circle in the Square Ends Tomorrow New One Ready New York Herald Tribune p 13 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1325615583 Zolotow Sam January 7 1960 Plagiarist Victim of Poetic Justice Only Game in Town Gets Back Accidentally to Its Author for Polishing The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 4 2023 Retrieved January 4 2023 a b Rooney David February 25 2012 Theodore Mann Producer and a Founder of Circle in the Square Dies at 87 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 28 2022 Retrieved January 1 2023 Calta Louis August 26 1959 Circle in Square Gets a New Home Theatre Will Occupy Amato Opera Site in Village Team Lists Two Plays The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved January 4 2023 a b Little Stuart W August 26 1959 La Plume de Ma Tante To Tour With 2d Company New York Herald Tribune p 10 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1327264283 Theatre Development Fund TDF Discount Tickets for Broadway Off Broadway and off Off Broadway Shows November 15 1972 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b Atkinson Brooks September 6 1959 Time to Move Real Estate Problems Of Two Theatres The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 4 2023 Retrieved January 4 2023 Garvey 2020 p 110 Gelb Arthur February 8 1960 Genet s Balcony Opens on Feb 28 French Dramatist s Play to Bow at Circle in Square Quintero Comments The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 4 2023 Retrieved January 4 2023 Garvey 2020 pp 128 129 Garvey 2020 pp 137 138 Quintero in the Square The New York Times February 16 1964 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 4 2023 Retrieved January 4 2023 a b Garvey 2020 p 196 Trojan Woman Lists Closing May 30 at 600 The New York Times May 20 1965 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 5 2023 Retrieved January 5 2023 a b c Garvey 2020 p 222 Weber Bruce October 10 1994 Circle Repertory Enters Upon Adulthood The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 Mirabella Alan November 21 1994 Sunrise boulevard Real action now off Broadway as producers scramble for space Crain s New York Business Vol 10 no 47 p 1 ProQuest 219162937 Jacobs Leonard September 2 2004 Is Circle Downtown Facing Destruction Back Stage Vol 45 no 35 pp 1 39 ProQuest 221164515 Berger Joseph March 24 2012 Bohemian Hub for Entertainment Still Unprotected The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 5 2023 Retrieved January 5 2023 Zolotow Sam May 23 1968 Circle in Square Expands Uptown Leases Henry Miller s for a Year as a 2d Stage The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on September 16 2021 Retrieved September 16 2021 Zolotow Sam August 12 1968 Henry Miller s to Get New Name Theater to Become Circle in the Square on Broadway The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on September 16 2021 Retrieved September 16 2021 Hummler Richard September 4 1968 Legitimate Rising Market for B way Theatres Selden Osterman Vs Nederlanders Variety Vol 252 no 3 pp 49 52 ProQuest 1017161365 Zolotow Sam August 22 1968 Code to Clarify Tony Standards Dispute Led Theater League to Draw Up Formal Rules The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 5 2023 Retrieved January 5 2023 a b Zolotow Sam February 19 1969 Circle in Square Fails on Broadway The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on September 16 2021 Retrieved September 16 2021 a b Garvey 2020 pp 195 196 Zolotow Sam August 15 1968 Circle in Square Delays Uptown Debut The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved December 29 2022 Madden Richard L December 10 1968 Circle in the Square Is Selected To Do Plays at Ford s Theater The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 Garvey 2020 p 197 a b Garvey 2020 p 201 O Neill Play Opens Ford s Second Year The New York Times January 29 1969 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 5 2023 Retrieved January 5 2023 Barnes Clive November 9 1969 Theater Ah Wilderness at Ford s Circle in Square Offers O Neill Play in Capital The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 5 2023 Retrieved January 5 2023 a b Garvey 2020 p 205 Barnes Clive November 9 1969 Theater Ah Wilderness at Ford s Circle in Square Offers O Neill Play in Capital The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 5 2023 Retrieved January 5 2023 Coe Richard L August 26 1971 Legal Fracas at Ford s Theater The Washington Post p C5 ISSN 0190 8286 ProQuest 148138666 Calta Louis September 28 1971 Ford s Theater Cuts Its Ties to Circle in the Square The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 Ford s Wins Legal Dispute The Washington Post Times Herald September 9 1971 p B4 ISSN 0190 8286 ProQuest 148077608 Whitehouse Franklin September 22 1967 Broadway to Get a Drama Theater It Is Planned in Tower to Rise on Capitol Site The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 3 2022 Retrieved April 3 2022 City Planning Comm Proposes More New Midtown Theatres Back Stage Vol 8 no 40 October 6 1967 pp 17 18 ProQuest 963261958 Esterow Milton October 1 1967 City Proposes More Theaters To Revitalize Midtown District City Planners Proposing More Theaters to Revitalize Midtown District The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 4 2022 Retrieved February 4 2022 Legitimate N Y City Urges New Legit Houses Variety Vol 248 no 7 October 4 1967 p 57 ProQuest 964067553 Miele Alfred November 2 1967 OK Space Bonus For New Theaters New York Daily News pp 721 722 Archived from the original on February 5 2022 Retrieved February 5 2022 via newspapers com Miscellany Hope for More B way Legit Theatres With Bldg Code Changes Variety Vol 248 no 8 October 11 1967 p 2 ProQuest 964074887 Sibley John December 8 1967 Board of Estimate Approves Measure to Encourage Theater Construction The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 5 2022 Retrieved February 5 2022 City Planners to Mull Office Bldg Theaters Newsday April 1 1968 p 68 Archived from the original on February 5 2022 Retrieved February 5 2022 via newspapers com 2d Theater Planned For Office Building To Rise in Midtown The New York Times February 13 1968 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 8 2022 Retrieved April 3 2022 N Y Seeks Co Op On Scalper Curbs Variety Vol 249 no 13 February 14 1968 pp 1 70 ProQuest 963113256 City Planners OK 3 Theaters Newsday April 18 1968 p 98 Archived from the original on February 5 2022 Retrieved February 5 2022 via newspapers com Permits Approved for 2 Theaters Playhouses Will Be First on Broadway in 35 Years The New York Times April 18 1968 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 5 2022 Retrieved February 5 2022 Bennett Charles G April 26 1968 Board Approves 3 New Theaters Estimate Members Reject Shubert Opposition The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 5 2022 Retrieved February 5 2022 Ennis Thomas W January 31 1969 News of Realty Annex is Planned Uris Will Erect a 20 story Penney Building Addition The New York Times p 64 ISSN 0362 4331 ProQuest 118515782 a b Evans Greg July 28 1997 Legit Square creditors circling lease deal Variety Vol 367 no 11 p 61 ProQuest 1401399282 Calta Louis August 3 1971 4 Office Theaters Are Taking Shape The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 5 2022 Retrieved January 5 2023 Segers Frank March 17 1971 See Theatres In Office Buildings For Serious Plays In Mid Times Sg Variety Vol 262 no 5 p 1 78 ProQuest 1017152953 Calta Louis October 6 1972 Circle in the Square Honors Levine in New Name The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 11 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 Coe Richard L October 28 1972 Full Circle The Washington Post p C3 ISSN 0190 8286 ProQuest 148308619 Carmody Deirdre October 26 1972 For a New Theater a Nostalgic Gala The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 11 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 a b Barnes Clive November 16 1972 Stage Mourning Becomes Electra The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 11 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 a b Bloom 2007 p 47 Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 315 Wallach Allan January 8 1973 Big names money not always a hit plot Newsday p 11A ProQuest 919025491 Corry John July 22 1979 Broadway Opening Matter of Economics The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Lawson Carol September 9 1983 Broadway The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Bloom 2007 p 47 Botto amp Mitchell 2002 pp 315 316 Garvey 2020 pp 356 357 a b c d e f Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 317 Garvey 2020 p 357 Coe Richard L August 4 1974 Bad Days on Broadway The Washington Post p L2 ISSN 0190 8286 ProQuest 146151102 Gussow Mel March 11 1974 Fund Crisis Closing Circle in Square The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 29 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 Gussow Mel April 30 1974 Circle in Square Takes Its Closing Notice Down The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 29 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 Gussow Mel July 23 1974 Closing No It s S R O At Circle in the Square The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 29 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 Gussow Mel June 25 1974 Profits More Elusive on Broadway The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 7 2018 Retrieved December 29 2022 Glover William June 30 1974 Scapino Gamble Pays Off for Ailing Theater The Hartford Courant p 11F ProQuest 552232618 Circle in Square Notes 25th Birth day The New York Times March 9 1976 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 McFadden Robert D April 19 1976 A Chorus Line Tops Tony Competition Travesties Gets Award as the Best Play The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 9 2023 Retrieved January 9 2023 Winners Tony Awards Archived from the original on August 22 2019 Retrieved January 9 2023 a b New York Theater Schedules 4 Plays The Hartford Courant July 25 1976 p 16F ProQuest 544725750 a b Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 316 a b c d Garvey 2020 p 357 a b The Broadway League September 21 1978 The Inspector General Broadway Play 1978 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 The Inspector General Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1978 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b The Broadway League December 14 1978 Man and Superman Broadway Play 1978 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Man and Superman Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1978 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Eder Richard December 18 1978 Man and Superman at Circle in the Square The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b c Bloom 2007 p 47 Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 317 Eder Richard March 16 1979 Stage Spokesong The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Eder Richard June 7 1979 Theater Kevin Kline Stars in Loose Ends The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Lawson Carol December 26 1979 News of the Theater The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b c Lawson Carol May 16 1980 Broadway Sheridan Whiteside dines again at Circle in Square The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b The Broadway League February 26 1980 Major Barbara Broadway Play 1980 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Major Barbara Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1980 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Kerr Walter February 27 1980 Stage Shaw s Major Barbara Outrageous Shaw The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b c Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 317 Rich Frank April 25 1980 Stage Past Tense A Marital Breakup Unraveled Marriage The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Lawson Carol October 8 1980 News of the Theater Irene Worth Rescues Circle in Square Productions Find Homes Disputes Delay Opening Replacements in Comedy The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b The Broadway League October 15 1981 Candida Broadway Play 1981 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Candida Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1981 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Rich Frank October 16 1981 Stage Shaw s candida With Miss Woodward The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Lawson Carol October 20 1981 Broadway Celebrates Eugene O Neill s Birthday The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Circle in Square Plans A Tribute to Saroyan The New York Times October 2 1983 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on May 24 2015 Retrieved December 30 2022 Moss Linda February 1 1988 Broadway s Reserved About Advanced Tickets Crain s New York Business Vol 4 no 5 p 3 ProQuest 219126170 Mitgang Herbert March 7 1983 Why Iceman Cometh Did Not Arrive This Year The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 16 2023 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b The Broadway League January 30 1986 The Caretaker Broadway Play 1986 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 The Caretaker Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1986 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Rich Frank January 31 1986 The Stage Steppenwolf in Pinter s Caretaker The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Rich Frank May 1 1986 Theater The Boys in Autumn The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 16 2023 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b The Broadway League October 9 1986 You Never Can Tell Broadway Play 1986 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 You Never Can Tell Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1986 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Rich Frank October 10 1986 Theater Bernard Shaw s You Never Can Tell at Circle in the Square The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Broadway Gets Coastal Disturbances The New York Times January 20 1987 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 16 2023 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b The Broadway League March 4 1987 Coastal Disturbances Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Coastal Disturbances Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1987 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Garvey 2020 pp 357 358 a b The Broadway League June 19 1988 An Evening with Robert Klein Broadway Special Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 An Evening with Robert Klein Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1988 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Holden Stephen June 21 1988 Review Comedy Robert Klein s Balance Of Sense and the Absurd The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b The Broadway League April 30 1989 Ghetto Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Ghetto Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1989 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Ghetto to Close Sunday The New York Times May 25 1989 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b c d Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 318 Garvey 2020 p 358 a b The Broadway League September 14 1989 Sweeney Todd Broadway Musical 1989 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Sweeney Todd Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1989 Playbill August 26 2017 Archived from the original on September 25 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Sweeney Todd to Close The New York Times February 24 1990 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Rich Frank May 11 1990 Review Theater Marooned in Moscow After the Revolution The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b The Broadway League October 11 1990 The Miser Broadway Play 1990 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 The Miser Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1990 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Rich Frank October 12 1990 Review Theater A New Miser That Clears The Sinuses The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b The Broadway League February 20 1991 Taking Steps Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Taking Steps Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1991 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Rich Frank February 21 1991 Review Theater Slamming Door Farce Without Any Doors The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b The Broadway League June 26 1991 Getting Married Broadway Play 1991 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Getting Married Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1991 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Hampton Wilborn June 27 1991 Review Theater All About Marriage With Shavian Dash and Wit The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b The Broadway League October 9 1991 On Borrowed Time Broadway Play 1991 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 On Borrowed Time Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1991 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Rich Frank October 10 1991 Review Theater George C Scott Has Death Up a Tree In Borrowed Time The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 318 Al Pacino Cancels Matinees of 2 Shows The New York Times June 24 1992 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b c Garvey 2020 p 309 a b Garvey 2020 p 311 Collins Glenn November 4 1992 Circle in the Square Theater Postpones Season Opening The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Brozan Nadine January 16 1993 Chronicle PDF The New York Times p 22 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 16 2023 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b c d Messina Judith September 25 1995 Theater mounts a financial revival Crain s New York Business Vol 11 no 39 p 17 ProQuest 219185677 a b c d e f Mirabella Alan March 21 1994 Group strives to rebuild a B way legend Crain s New York Business Vol 10 no 12 p 3 ProQuest 219183581 Circle in Square Cancels 2 by Moliere The New York Times March 22 1993 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b Garvey 2020 p 324 a b c Grimes William July 1 1997 Creditors Seek Takeover For Circle in the Square The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b c Simonson Robert August 1 1997 Theatre Creditors Founder Circle Lease Back Stage Vol 38 no 31 pp 3 33 ProQuest 963064472 Garvey 2020 p 313 a b c The Broadway League April 21 1993 Wilder Wilder Wilder Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Wilder Wilder Wilder Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1993 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Wilder s Wilder Is to Close The New York Times May 13 1993 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Klein Alvin September 19 1993 Theater An Abundance of Dramatic First Looks The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Hersh Amy March 25 1994 Exec Director Named at Circle In The Square Back Stage Vol 35 no 12 pp 1 44 ProQuest 962888593 New Artistic Director Named For Circle in the Square The New York Times August 24 1994 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Hersh Amy August 26 1994 Josephine Abady To Lead Circle In The Square Back Stage Vol 35 no 34 pp 1 26 ProQuest 962885364 a b Koenenn Joseph C February 16 1995 New Life At Circle In The Square Newsday pp 93 95 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 Botto amp Mitchell 2002 pp 318 319 Garvey 2020 p 358 a b Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 319 Garvey 2020 p 358 a b c Garvey 2020 p 329 a b c d Messina Judith November 4 1996 Can Circle in the Square perform a 180 degree turn Crain s New York Business Vol 12 no 45 p 38 ProQuest 219149197 a b c The Broadway League August 22 1996 Hughie Broadway Play 1996 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Hughie Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1996 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Canby Vincent August 23 1996 Pacino s Star Turn in a Pipe Dream The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 Garvey 2020 p 327 Blumenthal Ralph August 10 1996 More Previews Than Performances The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 Hughie Extends Run The New York Times August 28 1996 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b Jaques Damien September 9 1996 Circle in the hole Milwaukee Journal Sentinel p 2 ProQuest 260451915 Gussow Mel August 24 1996 After 45 Years Director of Circle in the Square Quits The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 28 2022 Retrieved December 28 2022 Gussow Mel August 27 1996 A Troubled Circle in the Square Files for Bankruptcy The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 28 2022 Retrieved December 28 2022 Circle In The Square Files For Bankruptcy Back Stage Vol 37 no 35 August 30 1996 pp 1 38 ProQuest 963053884 a b c Pacheco Patrick June 19 1997 It s Curtains for Circle in the Square Newsday p 12 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b Marks Peter September 5 1996 Circle in the Square Appoints A Leader to Take a New Tack The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 28 2022 Retrieved December 28 2022 Grimes William December 11 1996 10 Seats for Freedom and Survival The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b Evans Greg March 10 1997 Legit Circle in the Square Gambles on Future Variety Vol 366 no 6 pp 87 92 ProQuest 1505775806 a b Pacheco Patrick February 6 1997 Play by Play Epic Plans for Tight Circle in the Square Newsday p B07 ProQuest 279021674 a b Brantley Ben February 21 1997 In Desire A Glimpse Of Heaven The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b The Broadway League February 20 1997 Stanley Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Stanley Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1997 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Grimes William May 23 1997 Head of Circle in the Square Bankrupt Theater Quits Post The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 28 2022 Retrieved December 28 2022 a b c Grimes William June 18 1997 The Circle in the Square Shuts Down Operations The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 Riedel Michael Arena Sal February 25 1998 Theater s Final Act is a Court Drama Did Board Members Play Fair at Defunct Circle in the Square Former Artistic Director Sues New York Daily News p 36 ProQuest 313613860 a b MTC to re open circle in the square Back Stage Vol 39 no 34 August 27 1997 p 3 ProQuest 221121055 Brodesser Claude August 17 1998 Legit New York s Circle is back on square Variety Vol 82 no 26 p 45 ProQuest 1286126185 a b Botto amp Mitchell 2002 p 320 McKinley Jesse December 18 1998 On Stage and Off A Full Pot Of Drama The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b The Broadway League February 25 1999 Not About Nightingales Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Not About Nightingales Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 1999 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Brantley Ben February 26 1999 Theater Review Young Williams Pre Menagerie A Steel Aviary The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b Garvey 2020 p 344 a b The Broadway League March 2 2000 True West Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on August 12 2020 Retrieved September 11 2022 True West Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2000 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b True West Is Closing The New York Times July 26 2000 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b The Broadway League November 15 2000 The Rocky Horror Show Broadway Musical 2000 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 The Rocky Horror Show Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2000 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on August 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Brantley Ben November 16 2000 THEATER REVIEW That Sweet Transvestite Doing the Time Warp Again The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 Pogrebin Robin October 17 2001 Rocky Horror Show Is to Rock Again The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b Brantley Ben March 5 2002 THEATER REVIEW Dreams of Metamorphoses Echo in a Larger Space The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 Metamorphoses to Close The New York Times January 22 2003 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b The Broadway League March 4 2002 Metamorphoses Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Metamorphoses Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2002 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b The Broadway League March 31 2003 Life x 3 Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Life x 3 Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2003 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Brantley Ben April 1 2003 THEATER REVIEW A Dinner Becomes A Disaster In Triplicate The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b The Broadway League May 4 2004 Frozen Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Frozen Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2004 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b THEATER REVIEW Reasonable Discourse After a Child Is Murdered Is That Reasonable The New York Times May 5 2004 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b The Broadway League May 2 2005 The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee Broadway Musical Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2005 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Robertson Campbell November 8 2007 Spelling Bee Ends Run The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 a b The Broadway League May 6 2008 Glory Days Broadway Musical Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Glory Days Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2008 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Robertson Campbell May 8 2008 Glory Days to Close The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League April 23 2009 The Norman Conquests Round and Round the Garden Broadway Play 2009 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 The Norman Conquests Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2009 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Brantley Ben April 23 2009 Unrequited Lust in Triplicate The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League March 3 2010 The Miracle Worker Broadway Play 2010 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 The Miracle Worker Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2010 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Healy Patrick March 28 2010 Closing Date for The Miracle Worker The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League October 21 2010 Lombardi Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Lombardi Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2010 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Isherwood Charles October 22 2010 On Further Review the Coach Stands The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League November 7 2011 Godspell Broadway Musical 2011 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Godspell Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2011 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Isherwood Charles November 8 2011 A Vision of Spirituality Returns to Broadway The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 Itzkoff Dave June 13 2012 The Bad News Broadway Revival of Godspell to Close ArtsBeat Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League August 15 2013 Soul Doctor Broadway Musical Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Soul Doctor Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2013 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Healy Patrick October 9 2013 Broadway Soul Doctor to Close on Sunday ArtsBeat Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League February 6 2014 Bronx Bombers Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Bronx Bombers Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2014 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Holcomb Holland Lori February 20 2014 Bronx Bombers to Close on Broadway ArtsBeat Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League April 13 2014 Lady Day at Emerson s Bar amp Grill Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Lady Day at Emerson s Bar and Grill Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2014 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Isherwood Charles April 14 2014 Stepping Into the Shoes of a Ravaged Singer The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League November 16 2014 The River Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 The River Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2014 Playbill December 14 2015 Archived from the original on September 12 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Brantley Ben November 17 2014 A Reserve So Deep You Could Drown The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 4 2016 Retrieved January 1 2023 See Healy Patrick August 6 2014 Broadway s Lady Day Recoups Its Costs ArtsBeat Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 Healy Patrick December 19 2014 A River of Money Thanks to Jackman The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League April 19 2015 Fun Home Broadway Musical Original IBDB Archived from the original on September 11 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 Fun Home Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2015 Playbill July 1 2016 Archived from the original on August 14 2022 Retrieved September 11 2022 a b Brantley Ben April 20 2015 Review Fun Home at the Circle in the Square Theater The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b The Broadway League December 11 2016 In Transit Broadway Musical Original IBDB Archived from the original on July 22 2022 Retrieved July 22 2022 In Transit Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2016 Playbill December 5 2016 Archived from the original on July 23 2022 Retrieved July 22 2022 a b Paulson Michael April 11 2017 In Transit Broadway s First a Cappella Musical Will Close Sunday The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League December 3 2017 Once on This Island Broadway Musical 2017 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on July 22 2022 Retrieved July 22 2022 Once On This Island Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2017 Playbill July 1 2018 Archived from the original on July 23 2022 Retrieved July 22 2022 a b Paulson Michael November 28 2018 Broadway s Once on This Island Revival Will Close Jan 6 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League April 7 2019 Oklahoma Broadway Musical 2019 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on July 22 2022 Retrieved July 22 2022 Oklahoma Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2019 Playbill December 19 2018 Archived from the original on July 4 2022 Retrieved July 22 2022 a b Paulson Michael October 22 2019 A Dark Oklahoma and a Yiddish Fiddler to Close in January The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 Moniuszko Sara M June 29 2020 Broadway suspends performances through 2020 amid coronavirus extends ticket refunds to 2021 Archived from the original on July 5 2020 Retrieved July 2 2020 a b The Broadway League October 10 2021 Chicken amp Biscuits Broadway Play Original IBDB Archived from the original on July 22 2022 Retrieved July 22 2022 Chicken amp Biscuits Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2021 Playbill November 29 2021 Archived from the original on July 7 2022 Retrieved July 22 2022 a b Green Jesse October 11 2021 Review In Chicken amp Biscuits a Sweet but Dated Comedic Recipe The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 Meyer Dan November 28 2021 Chicken amp Biscuits Closes on Broadway November 28 Playbill Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 Stevens Matt November 11 2021 Chicken amp Biscuits Will Close Early Following Covid Pause The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b Green Jesse April 15 2022 Review In American Buffalo Grift Is the Coin of the Realm The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 1 2023 Retrieved January 1 2023 a b The Broadway League April 14 2022 American Buffalo Broadway Play 2022 Revival IBDB Archived from the original on June 18 2022 Retrieved July 22 2022 American Buffalo Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2022 Playbill September 17 2019 Archived from the original on July 10 2022 Retrieved July 22 2022 a b c The Broadway League November 27 2022 KPOP Broadway Musical Original IBDB Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 KPOP Broadway Circle in the Square Theatre 2022 Playbill March 30 2022 Archived from the original on December 29 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 a b Green Jesse November 27 2022 Review In KPOP Korean Pop and Broadway Meet Too Cute The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Paulson Michael December 7 2022 Broadway s KPOP Will Close on Sunday The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Circle in the Square Theatre School History Circlesquare org Archived from the original on June 10 2010 Retrieved August 2 2010 Purcell Carey May 3 2013 Circle in the Square s Spring Festival of Theatre Begins May 3 with The Seagull Playbill Archived from the original on January 8 2023 Retrieved January 8 2023 Hughes C Let s Go Inc 2006 Let s Go New York City 16th Edition Let s Go New York City St Martin s Press p 73 ISBN 978 0 312 36087 0 Archived from the original on January 8 2023 Retrieved January 16 2023 Suozzo Andrea Schwencke Ken Tigas Mike Wei Sisi Glassford Alec Roberts Brandon May 9 2013 Circle In The Square Theatre School Inc Nonprofit Explorer ProPublica Archived from the original on December 28 2022 Retrieved December 28 2022 Blau Eleanor August 12 1990 Theater School Exchange Program Gives King Lear a Russian Accent The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved December 30 2022 Circle in the Square Theatre At This Theatre Playbill com Archived from the original on June 16 2018 Retrieved June 15 2018 Circle in the Square Downtown Lortel Archives Archived from the original on December 29 2022 Retrieved January 5 2023 Summer and Smoke Lortel Archives April 24 1952 Archived from the original on December 29 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 La Ronde Lortel Archives June 22 1955 Archived from the original on December 29 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 The Iceman Cometh Lortel Archives May 8 1956 Archived from the original on December 29 2022 Retrieved December 29 2022 Zolotow Sam May 8 1956 Iceman Cometh This Afternoon Circle in the Square Reviving O Neill Play Curtain at 2 Today to Aid Critics Sondra Lee in French Revue The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 4 2023 Retrieved January 4 2023 span, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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