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Bombay State

January 18, 2023

Bombay State was a large Indian state created at the time of India's Independence, with other regions being added to it in the succeeding years. Bombay Presidency (roughly equating to the present-day Indian state of Maharashtra, excluding South Maharashtra and Vidarbha) was merged with the princely states of Baroda, Western India and Gujarat (the present-day Indian state of Gujarat) and the Deccan States (which included parts of the present-day Indian states of Maharashtra and Karnataka).

Province of Bombay

(1947–1950)


State of Bombay

(1950–1960)
State of India
1947–1960

Bombay State, 1956–1960

Bombay state in red
CapitalBombay (15 August 1947† to 1 May 1960)†
Area 
• 1956
494,358 km2 (190,873 sq mi)
Population 
• 1956
48,264,622
History
History 
1947
• Merged Kutch State
1956
• Merged Saurashtra State
1956
• Merged Vidharbha
1956
• Divided into Maharashtra and Gujarat states
1960
States of India since 1947
Bombay Presidency in 1909, northern portion
Bombay Presidency in 1909, southern portion

On 1 November 1956, Bombay State was re-organized under the States Reorganisation Act on linguistic lines, absorbing various territories including the Saurashtra and Kutch States, which ceased to exist. On 1 May 1960, Bombay State was dissolved and split on linguistic lines into the two states of Gujarat, with Gujarati speaking population and Maharashtra, with Marathi speaking population.[1]

History

Main article: History of Bombay in independent India

During the British Raj, portions of the western coast of India under direct British rule were part of the Bombay Presidency. In 1937, the Bombay Presidency became a province of British India.[2][3] After India gained independence in 1947, Bombay Presidency became part of India, and Sind province became part of Pakistan. The territory retained by India was restructured into Bombay State. It included princely states such as Kolhapur in Deccan, and Baroda and the Dangs in Gujarat, which had been under the political influence of the former Bombay Presidency.[4]

Expansion of the state

As a result of the States Reorganisation Act on 1 November 1956, the Kannada-speaking districts of Belgaum (except Chandgad taluka), Bijapur, Dharwar, and North Canara were transferred from Bombay State to Mysore State.[5] but the State of Bombay was significantly enlarged, expanding eastward to incorporate the Marathi-speaking Marathwada region of Hyderabad State, the Marathi-speaking Vidarbha region of southern Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarati-speaking Saurashtra and Kutch states. The Bombay state was being referred to by the local inhabitants as "Maha Dwibhashi Rajya", meaning, "the great bilingual state".[3]

In 1956, the States Reorganisation Committee, against the will of Jawaharlal Nehru, recommended a bilingual state for Maharashtra-Gujarat with Bombay as its capital, whereas in Lok Sabha discussions in 1955, the Congress party demanded that the city be constituted as an autonomous city-state.[6] In the 1957 elections, the Samyukta Maharashtra movement opposed these proposals, and insisted that Bombay be declared the capital of Maharashtra.[7]

Dissolution of Bombay state

Bombay State was finally dissolved with the formation of Maharashtra and Gujarat states on 1 May 1960.[8]

Following protests of Samyukta Maharashtra Movement, in which 107 people were killed by police, Bombay State was reorganised on linguistic lines.[9] Gujarati-speaking areas of Bombay State were partitioned into the state of Gujarat following Mahagujarat Movement.[10] Maharashtra State with Bombay as its capital was formed with the merger of Marathi-speaking areas of Bombay State, eight districts from Central Provinces and Berar, five districts from Hyderabad State, and numerous princely states enclosed between them.[11]

Chief ministers

Bombay State had three chief ministers after the independence of India:

Governors

See also: List of Governors of Bombay

Upon the split of Bombay State in 1960, the designation of the "Governor of Bombay" was renamed to the Governor of Maharashtra.[12]

# Name Assumed office Left office Years in Office
1 Raja Sir Maharaj Singh 6 January 1948 30 May 1952 4
2 Sir Girija Shankar Bajpai 30 May 1952 5 December 1954 2
3 Harekrushna Mahatab 2 March 1955 14 October 1956 1
4 Sri Prakasa 10 December 1956 16 April 1962 6

Sources: Governor of Maharashtra[12] and Greater Bombay District Gazetteer[13]

Graphical
Sri PrakasaHare Krishna MahtabGirija Shankar BajpaiRaja Maharaj Singh

See also

References

  1. ^ Ramachandra Guha, India after Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy. HarperCollins, 2007
  2. ^ Yagnik, Achyut; Suchitra Sheth (2005). The Shaping of Modern Gujarat: Plurality, Hindutva, and Beyond. Penguin Books India. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-14-400038-8. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
  3. ^ a b Grover, Verinder; Ranjana Arora (1994). Federation of India and States' Reorganisation: Reconstruction and Consolidation. Deep and Deep Publications. p. 392. ISBN 978-81-7100-541-3. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
  4. ^ Bhattacharya, Sanjoy (2006), Expunging Variola: The Control and Eradication of Smallpox in India, 1947–1977, Orient Blackswan, p. 18, ISBN 978-81-250-3018-8, retrieved 8 January 2021
  5. ^ . Commonwealth Legal Information Institute. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  6. ^ . The Hindu. 13 April 2003. Archived from the original on 14 May 2005. Retrieved 12 November 2008.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  7. ^ . Government of Maharashtra. Archived from the original on 6 October 2008. Retrieved 12 November 2008.
  8. ^ Sadasivan, S. N. (2005). Political and administrative integration of princely states. Mittal. ISBN 9788170999683.
  9. ^ "Sons of soil: born, reborn". Indian Express Newspapers (Mumbai) Ltd. 6 February 2008. Retrieved on 12 November 2008.
  10. ^ "Gujarat". Government of India. Retrieved 16 January 2008.
  11. ^ "Maharashtra". Government of India. Retrieved 16 January 2008.
  12. ^ a b . Governor of Maharashtra. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009. Retrieved 23 December 2008.
  13. ^ , Greater Bombay District Gazetteer, Maharashtra State Gazetteers, vol. I, Government of Maharashtra, 1986, archived from the original on 6 September 2008, retrieved 13 August 2008


Coordinates: 18°58′30″N 72°49′33″E / 18.97500°N 72.82583°E / 18.97500; 72.82583

January 18, 2023
bombay, state, large, indian, state, created, time, india, independence, with, other, regions, being, added, succeeding, years, bombay, presidency, roughly, equating, present, indian, state, maharashtra, excluding, south, maharashtra, vidarbha, merged, with, p. Bombay State was a large Indian state created at the time of India s Independence with other regions being added to it in the succeeding years Bombay Presidency roughly equating to the present day Indian state of Maharashtra excluding South Maharashtra and Vidarbha was merged with the princely states of Baroda Western India and Gujarat the present day Indian state of Gujarat and the Deccan States which included parts of the present day Indian states of Maharashtra and Karnataka Province of Bombay 1947 1950 State of Bombay 1950 1960 State of India1947 1960Coat of armsBombay State 1956 1960Bombay state in redCapitalBombay 15 August 1947 to 1 May 1960 Area 1956494 358 km2 190 873 sq mi Population 195648 264 622HistoryHistory Abolition of the Bombay Presidency Deccan States Agency and Baroda Western India and Gujarat States Agency partial 1947 Merged Kutch State1956 Merged Saurashtra State1956 Merged Vidharbha1956 Divided into Maharashtra and Gujarat states1960Preceded by Succeeded byBombay PresidencyDeccan States AgencyBaroda Western India and Gujarat States AgencySaurashtra StateKutch State MaharashtraGujaratStates of India since 1947Bombay Presidency in 1909 northern portion Bombay Presidency in 1909 southern portion On 1 November 1956 Bombay State was re organized under the States Reorganisation Act on linguistic lines absorbing various territories including the Saurashtra and Kutch States which ceased to exist On 1 May 1960 Bombay State was dissolved and split on linguistic lines into the two states of Gujarat with Gujarati speaking population and Maharashtra with Marathi speaking population 1 Contents 1 History 1 1 Expansion of the state 1 2 Dissolution of Bombay state 1 3 Chief ministers 1 4 Governors 2 See also 3 ReferencesHistory EditMain article History of Bombay in independent India During the British Raj portions of the western coast of India under direct British rule were part of the Bombay Presidency In 1937 the Bombay Presidency became a province of British India 2 3 After India gained independence in 1947 Bombay Presidency became part of India and Sind province became part of Pakistan The territory retained by India was restructured into Bombay State It included princely states such as Kolhapur in Deccan and Baroda and the Dangs in Gujarat which had been under the political influence of the former Bombay Presidency 4 Expansion of the state Edit As a result of the States Reorganisation Act on 1 November 1956 the Kannada speaking districts of Belgaum except Chandgad taluka Bijapur Dharwar and North Canara were transferred from Bombay State to Mysore State 5 but the State of Bombay was significantly enlarged expanding eastward to incorporate the Marathi speaking Marathwada region of Hyderabad State the Marathi speaking Vidarbha region of southern Madhya Pradesh and Gujarati speaking Saurashtra and Kutch states The Bombay state was being referred to by the local inhabitants as Maha Dwibhashi Rajya meaning the great bilingual state 3 In 1956 the States Reorganisation Committee against the will of Jawaharlal Nehru recommended a bilingual state for Maharashtra Gujarat with Bombay as its capital whereas in Lok Sabha discussions in 1955 the Congress party demanded that the city be constituted as an autonomous city state 6 In the 1957 elections the Samyukta Maharashtra movement opposed these proposals and insisted that Bombay be declared the capital of Maharashtra 7 Dissolution of Bombay state Edit Bombay State was finally dissolved with the formation of Maharashtra and Gujarat states on 1 May 1960 8 Following protests of Samyukta Maharashtra Movement in which 107 people were killed by police Bombay State was reorganised on linguistic lines 9 Gujarati speaking areas of Bombay State were partitioned into the state of Gujarat following Mahagujarat Movement 10 Maharashtra State with Bombay as its capital was formed with the merger of Marathi speaking areas of Bombay State eight districts from Central Provinces and Berar five districts from Hyderabad State and numerous princely states enclosed between them 11 Chief ministers Edit Bombay State had three chief ministers after the independence of India Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher was the first chief minister of Bombay 1946 1952 Morarji Desai 1952 1956 Yashwantrao Chavan 1956 1960 Governors Edit See also List of Governors of Bombay Upon the split of Bombay State in 1960 the designation of the Governor of Bombay was renamed to the Governor of Maharashtra 12 Name Assumed office Left office Years in Office1 Raja Sir Maharaj Singh 6 January 1948 30 May 1952 42 Sir Girija Shankar Bajpai 30 May 1952 5 December 1954 23 Harekrushna Mahatab 2 March 1955 14 October 1956 14 Sri Prakasa 10 December 1956 16 April 1962 6Sources Governor of Maharashtra 12 and Greater Bombay District Gazetteer 13 GraphicalSee also EditPolitical integration of India Samyukta Maharashtra movement for a separate Marathi state Mahagujarat Movement for separate Gujarati state Indulal YagnikReferences Edit Ramachandra Guha India after Gandhi The History of the World s Largest Democracy HarperCollins 2007 Yagnik Achyut Suchitra Sheth 2005 The Shaping of Modern Gujarat Plurality Hindutva and Beyond Penguin Books India p 226 ISBN 978 0 14 400038 8 Retrieved 24 November 2012 a b Grover Verinder Ranjana Arora 1994 Federation of India and States Reorganisation Reconstruction and Consolidation Deep and Deep Publications p 392 ISBN 978 81 7100 541 3 Retrieved 24 November 2012 Bhattacharya Sanjoy 2006 Expunging Variola The Control and Eradication of Smallpox in India 1947 1977 Orient Blackswan p 18 ISBN 978 81 250 3018 8 retrieved 8 January 2021 States Reorganization Act 1956 Commonwealth Legal Information Institute Archived from the original on 16 May 2008 Retrieved 1 July 2008 The battle for Bombay The Hindu 13 April 2003 Archived from the original on 14 May 2005 Retrieved 12 November 2008 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint unfit URL link Samyukta Maharashtra Government of Maharashtra Archived from the original on 6 October 2008 Retrieved 12 November 2008 Sadasivan S N 2005 Political and administrative integration of princely states Mittal ISBN 9788170999683 Sons of soil born reborn Indian Express Newspapers Mumbai Ltd 6 February 2008 Retrieved on 12 November 2008 Gujarat Government of India Retrieved 16 January 2008 Maharashtra Government of India Retrieved 16 January 2008 a b Previous Governors List Governor of Maharashtra Archived from the original on 6 February 2009 Retrieved 23 December 2008 List of the Governors of Bombay Greater Bombay District Gazetteer Maharashtra State Gazetteers vol I Government of Maharashtra 1986 archived from the original on 6 September 2008 retrieved 13 August 2008 Coordinates 18 58 30 N 72 49 33 E 18 97500 N 72 82583 E 18 97500 72 82583 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bombay State amp oldid 1110620446, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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